CN102052967A - Receiving system of multi-pixel superconducting detector and terahertz signal detecting method - Google Patents
Receiving system of multi-pixel superconducting detector and terahertz signal detecting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a receiving system of a multi-pixel superconducting detector. The system consists of a terahertz frequency range local oscillator signal source, a wideband wave beam separator, a Michelson interferometer, a superconducting SIS or HEB detector array, a multi-channel direct-current bias supply, a multi-channel reading circuit and band frequency spectrum processing unit, a low-temperature and low-noise amplifier and a normal-temperature intermediate frequency and matched high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit, wherein the terahertz frequency range local oscillator signal source adopts a millimeter wave band solid local oscillator source and is formed in a way of frequency multiplication amplification; the wideband wave beam separator adopts a 15 to 75-micron Myler membrane which has high permeability in a terahertz frequency range; the superconducting detector adopts a superconducting SIS detector in the terahertz frequency range and adopts a superconducting HEB detector in a high frequency range; the low-temperature and low-noise amplifier adopts a low-noise amplifier integrating MMIC technology; and the high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit adopts digital frequency spectrum technology with high resolution. The layout of the multi-pixel superconducting detector adopts a square array of which the technique is easy to realize, makes the main wave beams of the remote radiation fields of plane antennae integrated on each superconducting detector pixel not overlapped on the basis of a compact structure at the same time, and ensures that signals received by the multi-pixel superconducting detector are interfered by neighboring pixels as low as possible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the input field, be specifically related to a kind of n x m pixel superconductor detector receiving system and based on the terahertz signal detection method of this system.
Background technology
(0.1THz～10THz) input can be divided into two kinds at terahertz wave band at present.One is noncoherent detection (a direct detection mode), and noncoherent detection can realize more hanging down the resoluting signal detection, for example detection of high red shift celestial body signal outside the continuous spectra signal or the remote Galactic System in the high sensitivity broadband; It two is Coherent Detection (a superhet mixing mode), and Coherent Detection can realize arrowband high-resolution input, for example has hyperfine structure molecular spectrum input.These two kinds of methods are used quite general in fields such as radio astronomy, Atmospheric components detection monitorings.In order further to improve observed efficiency, relevant or noncoherent detection technology has received to many pixels from single pixel and has received (be many pixels focal plane arrays (FPA), or claim the focal plane battle array) development since the eighties in last century.Compare with single pixel receiver, many pixels receiver mainly shows as aspect the raising observed efficiency: one, and become figure (mapping) speed to improve, the receiver of a n x m pixel, its one-tenth figure speed can rise to n x m times of single pixel; They are two years old, become figure (mapping) quality of data (consistance) to improve, we know when the terahertz wave band input, the observation data that general Changes in weather in tens seconds is obtained receiving system has remarkable influence, n x m pixel obtains the different spatial data simultaneously, more single pixel constantly obtains the data of n x m in difference by scanning, its quality is obviously far better.In a word, competitive list pixel receiving system, during observation data that many pixels receiving system is obtained, aspect " amount " and " matter " two, all increase significantly, be subjected to the application scenario of the serious restriction of other factors (as weather or life cycle) just to seem particularly important in receiving system especially.So coherent detection technology or noncoherent detection technology based on many pixels receiving system will become following main terahertz signal detection means.
In the world based on the coherent detection technology of many pixels receiving system terahertz wave band (adopting superhet mixing mode), the HARP-B(4x4 beams that JCMT is arranged), KOSMA(5x5 beams) and the SuperCam(8x8 beams of HHT) etc. many pixels receiver, they adopt highly sensitive superconduction SIS(Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor) detector array, carry out the coherent detection of terahertz signal in the 0.345THz frequency range even at high band more; Based on many pixel detecting device receiving system noncoherent detection technology (direct detection mode), ACBAR(16 pixels is arranged), the SCUBA(128 pixels of JCMT) and SCUBA-2(～10000 pixels) etc. the focal plane battle array, most germanium (Ge) type Bolometer or superconduction TES(Transition Edge Sensor of adopting) detector carries out the non-coherent detection of terahertz signal.
We know, terahertz wave band Coherent Detection system can realize that the high-resolution signal spectrum in arrowband detects, and terahertz wave band noncoherent detection system can realize the input of low resolution in the high sensitivity broadband more.In the above-mentioned signal detecting method based on many pixels receiving system in the world, what adopt all is single detection technique, or Coherent Detection (superhet mixing mode), or noncoherent detection (direct detection mode), not in integrated these the two kinds of detection techniques of same many pixels receiving system.As for the domestic superconduction imaging frequency spectrograph of 9 pixel 0.1THz frequency ranges (2.6mm) of development first of Purple Mountain Observatory, also be that employing is the single coherent detection technology of critical component with superconduction SIS detector.Do not report as yet based on the integrated terahertz signal detection side rules relevant and incoherent two kinds of detection techniques of many pixels receiving system at present.
Summary of the invention
At the aforementioned deficiency that exists based on the signal detecting method of many pixels receiving system, the terahertz signal detection method that will provide a kind of of the present invention based on many pixels superconductor detector receiving system, i.e. two subsystems of integrated Coherent Detection or noncoherent detection in many pixels superconductor detector receiving system, with realize the arrowband high-resolution (
λ/Δ λ 〉=10 6 ) and high sensitivity broadband (〉 100 GHz more) terahertz signal detect.
In order to finish the foregoing invention task, take following technical scheme: many pixels superconductor detector receiving system, this system is by Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, broadband beams separation vessel, Michelson interferometer, superconduction SIS or HEB(Hot Electron Bolometer) detector array (possessing relevant and the non-coherent detection performance at Terahertz frequency range superconduction SIS or HEB detector), multi-channel DC bias supply, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit, low temperature low noise amplifier, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof form.Wherein terahertz wave band local oscillation signal source adopts the mode of solid-state local vibration source of millimere-wave band and frequency multiplication amplification to constitute; The broadband beams separation vessel adopts in the Terahertz frequency range has high 15 ~ 75 microns the Myler film that sees through characteristic; Superconductor detector is at Terahertz low-frequency range (below the 1.4THz), adopt superconduction SIS detector (having 3 ~ 5 times of quantum limit noiseproof features), then adopt superconduction HEB detector (having than the more excellent noiseproof feature of superconduction SIS detector at the above superconduction HEB of 1.4THz detector) at high band, low temperature low noise amplifier adopts the low noise amplifier of integrated MMIC technology.High-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit adopts high-resolution digital spectrum technology.The square array that many pixels superconductor detector layout adopting process is easy to realize, consider based on compact conformation simultaneously, make the flat plane antenna that is integrated in each superconductor detector pixel, the main beam of its radiation field far away does not overlap, and guarantees that its received signal is subjected to contiguous pixel to disturb low as far as possible (more than 20dB).
Described broadband beams separation vessel is inserted in described Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, the Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal of superhet mixing is provided, required measured signal and reflected terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal now when described broadband beams separation vessel is the mixing of Michelson interferometer transmission superhet, the interference fringe of required measured signal when described Michelson interferometer provides direct detection for superconduction SIS/HEB detector; At the focal-plane imaging array that many pixels superconduction SIS/HEB detector constitutes, 1 pixel choosing its center is as relevant and non-coherent detection device, and other pixel is the non-coherent detection device; Described broadband beams separation vessel, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, Michelson interferometer, many pixels superconduction SIS/HEB non-coherent detection device, multi-channel DC bias supply, low temperature low noise amplifier, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit constitute the noncoherent detection subsystem, carry out the terahertz signal noncoherent detection of many pixels focal array imaging; The coherent detection device of described Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, broadband beams separation vessel, detector array center, low temperature low noise amplifier, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof constitute the Coherent Detection subsystem, carry out the terahertz signal Coherent Detection.
Described low temperature low noise amplifier is connected between superconduction SIS/HEB detector mixing output terminal and normal temperature intermediate frequency and the coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof, the intermediate frequency that superconduction SIS/HEB detector array is exported as frequency mixer carries out low noise processing and amplification, and described normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof provide arrowband high-resolution spectrum analysis result; Described hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit provide directly one-tenth figure (imaging) of broader frequency spectrum analysis result or signal radiation characteristic.
System of the present invention is become with incoherent two groups of subsystems by relevant, specifically: (constitute n x m pixel superconductor detector focal plane arrays (FPA) by n x m Terahertz frequency range quasi-optical high sensitivity superconduction SIS/HEB detector array with Coherent Detection and noncoherent detection function, wherein 1 pixel is for being concerned with and the non-coherent detection device to choose the center, and other pixel is the non-coherent detection device), the broadband beams separation vessel, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, the Michelson interferometer, the multi-channel DC bias supply, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit, low temperature low noise amplifier, formations such as normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof.Wherein superconduction SIS/HEB detector, Michelson interferometer, multi-channel DC bias supply, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit etc. constitute the noncoherent detection subsystem, carry out the terahertz signal noncoherent detection of n x m pixel focal array imaging.Choose wherein 1 relevant frequency mixer of using of superconduction SIS/HEB detector conduct of focal plane battle array center, constitute the Coherent Detection subsystem with broadband beams separation vessel, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, low temperature low noise amplifier, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof, carry out the terahertz signal Coherent Detection.
Relevant and incoherent terahertz signal detects, and can realize in described many pixels superconductor detector receiving system:
The terahertz signal detection method comprises the following steps:
The step of step 1 terahertz signal noncoherent detection:
(11) behind the signal process broadband beams separation vessel, enter the Michelson interferometer and form interference fringe output, change the position of movable level crossing 32, just can detect the interference ripple of corresponding relation between two wave beam interference strengths and the optical path difference at the detector place;
(12) reading of interference fringe: by the movable level crossing of continuous change Michelson interferometer 32 positions, multi-channel data sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit read corresponding interference fringe constantly, i.e. n x m bar interference fringe and optical path difference corresponding relation curve from n x m superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle array simultaneously;
(13) to the further spectrum analysis simultaneously of n x m bar curve, obtain the overall frequency response of signal and superconduction SIS/HEB detector, under known each superconduction SIS/HEB frequency response situation, just can obtain terahertz signal broader frequency spectrum characteristic, thereby finish the focal plane imaging of certain frequency range of many pixels, promptly incoherent more high-sensitive broadband signal spectrum analysis.
(21) adjust Michelson interferometer fixed pan mirror and movable level crossing, guarantee that signal is zero through the optical path difference of latter two wave beam of broadband beams separation vessel in the Michelson interferometer;
(22) behind signal process broadband beams separation vessel, the Michelson interferometer, arrive n x m superconduction SIS/HEB detector place;
(23) multi-channel data sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit read bias current (or voltage) value of n x m superconduction SIS/HEB detector array simultaneously.The signal radiation strength information of the corresponding different spatial of n x m group electric current (or voltage) value to the further calibration process of superconduction SIS/HEB detector bias current (or voltage), is finished directly one-tenth figure of terahertz signal radiation characteristic.
The step of step 3 terahertz signal Coherent Detection:
(31) signal is through the transmission of broadband beams separation vessel, reflect through the broadband beams separation vessel with the Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source that configures required frequency and power, signal, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal incident direction and broadband beams separation vessel plane normal angle at 45, make signal that transmitance preferably be arranged, taken into account simultaneously the reflectivity of Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal again, together be pooled to and enter the Michelson interferometer.
During signal process Michelson interferometer, in order to obtain signal intensity preferably, adjust movable level crossing, make that two wave beam optical path differences behind the signal process Michelson interferometer are zero (when optical path difference is adjusted into zero, signal does not interfere, and its amplitude is not subdued).
(32) signal and the local vibration source signal through the output of Michelson interferometer enters superconduction SIS/HEB detector focal plane battle array;
(33) signal and local vibration source signal carry out mixing by the relevant superconduction SIS/HEB detector that enters in the superconduction SIS/HEB detector focal plane battle array, obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal, and intermediate-freuqncy signal has kept the frequency and the amplitude information of original signal simultaneously.
(34) intermediate-freuqncy signal is amplified through the low temperature low noise intermediate frequency amplifier earlier, high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit by normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling carries out the high-resolution frequency spectrum processing again, thereby the signal coherence of finishing the Terahertz frequency range of many pixels superconductor detector receiving system detects, i.e. arrowband high-resolution signal spectral analysis.
The effect that the present invention is useful is, in same many pixels superconduction receiving system, the terahertz signal detection technique that integrated Coherent Detection and noncoherent detection combine, just: adopt m high sensitivity Terahertz of n x frequency range superconduction SIS/HEB detector array, realize the noncoherent detection of focal plane imaging, finish fast hasty map, its speed rises to n x m times of single reception pixel, simultaneously each superconduction SIS/HEB detector can realize surpassing the super bandwidth continuous spectra signal detection of 100GHz, and the signal radiation characteristic that also can directly carry out n x m pixel is one-tenth figure directly.Choose focal plane battle array center wherein 1 superconduction SIS/HEB detector as frequency mixer, in conjunction with the high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit of rear end low temperature low noise amplifier, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling thereof, can realize high resolving power (
λ/Δ λ 〉=10 6 ) detection of molecular spectrum signal coherence.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system chart of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is a Michelson interferometer principle schematic in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is a 6x6 superconduction SIS/HEB detector synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 4 is a 6x6 superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle array synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Now be described further with embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, superconduction SIS/HEB detector 6 x 6 pixel receiving systems are made up of Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source 2, broadband beams separation vessel 1, Michelson interferometer 3, superconduction SIS/HEB detector 4, multi-channel DC bias supply 5, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit 6, low temperature low noise amplifier 7, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit 8 thereof.Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source 2 access band beam splitter 1, the Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal of superhet mixing is provided, required measured signal and reflected terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal now when broadband beams separation vessel 1 is the 3 transmission superhet mixing of Michelson interferometer, the interference fringe of required measured signal when Michelson interferometer 3 provides direct detection for superconduction SIS/HEB detector.Wherein, be provided with 6 x, 6 focal-plane imaging arrays 42 in the superconduction SIS/HEB detector.
In the relevant and noncoherent detection of based superconductive detector 6 x 6 pixel receiving system terahertz signals, the noncoherent detection subsystem of forming the focal plane array of 36 wave beams by broadband beams separation vessel 1, Michelson interferometer 3,6 x 6 superconduction SIS/HEB detectors 4, multi-channel DC bias supply 5 and hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit 6 etc., carry out the noncoherent detection (direct detection) of focal array imaging, realize the terahertz emission characteristic one-tenth figure and the more low resolution spectrum analysis in the high sensitivity broadband of the signal of 36 wave beam focal plane battle arrays.
Relevant superconduction SIS/HEB detector C 4(by broadband beams separation vessel 1, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source 2, Michelson interferometer 3,6 x 6 superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle arrays 42 centers sees Fig. 3), wherein single superconduction SIS/HEB Coherent Detection subsystem is formed in 1 road direct current biasing power supply, low temperature low noise amplifier 7 and normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit 8 etc. to multi-channel DC bias supply 5, carry out Coherent Detection (superhet mixing), realize the spectrum analysis of arrowband high-resolution Terahertz molecular spectrum.
In two subsystems, shared broadband beams separation vessel 1, Michelson interferometer 3,6 x 6 superconduction SIS/HEB detectors 4, multi-channel DC bias supply 5.Wherein broadband beams separation vessel 1 only plays the signal path effect in the noncoherent detection subsystem; In the Coherent Detection subsystem, the also effect passed through of its signal of Michelson interferometer 3, only choose one of them superconduction SIS/HEB detector (seeing the C4 of Fig. 3) of 6 x, 6 superconduction SIS/HEB detectors, 4 centers as frequency mixer, equally also only choose wherein 1 road direct current biasing power supply (the direct current biasing power supply that links to each other with C4 superconduction SIS/HEB detector) of multi-channel DC bias supply 5.In addition, 4K closed-loop refrigeration system 9 provides the low-temperature working environment for 6 x, 6 superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle arrays 4 and low temperature low noise amplifier 7.
Michelson interferometer as shown in Figure 2 is by fixed pan mirror 31(Fixed Mirror), movable level crossing 32(Moveable Mirror) and beam splitter (Beamsplitter) 33 form.Its principle of work is: signal enters Michelson interferometer 3, at beam splitter 33 places, is divided into two wave beams; After two reflections of wave beam, converge at beam splitter 33 places again through movable level crossing 31 and fixed pan mirror 32; Change the position of the movable level crossing 32 in the Michelson interferometer 3, make movable level crossing 31 and fixed pan mirror 32 unequal and produce optical path difference with the distance of beam splitter 33 respectively, thereby two wave beams interfere; By the position of the movable level crossing 31 of continuous change, Michelson interferometer 3 just can be exported the interference fringe that interference strength changes with optical path difference.Michelson interferometer 3 is one of major equipments of noncoherent detection subsystem, and signal produces interference fringe by the Michelson interferometer, is received by superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane arrays (FPA), can realize that just broader frequency spectrum detects.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4,6 x6 superconduction receiving front-ends are made up of the superconduction SIS/HEB detector A1-F6 of hyper-hemispherical lens 41 and 36 Terahertz frequency ranges, the superconduction SIS/HEB detector of 36 Terahertz frequency ranges is positioned on the hyper-hemispherical lens focal plane, form 6 x, 6 superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle arrays 42, wherein C4 superconduction SIS/HEB detector has noncoherent detection (direct detection) and Coherent Detection (superhet mixing) function.
The step of the Terahertz noncoherent detection of 6 x, the 6 pixel superconductor detector receiving systems among Fig. 1 is as follows:
(11) behind the signal process broadband beams separation vessel 1, enter Michelson interferometer 3 and form interference fringe output, change the position of movable level crossing 32, just can detect the interference ripple of corresponding relation between two wave beam interference strengths and the optical path difference at the detector place.
(12) reading of interference fringe: by the movable level crossing of continuous change Michelson interferometer 32 positions, multi-channel data sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit 6 can read 36 tunnel corresponding interference fringes constantly from 6 x, 6 superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle arrays 4 simultaneously, i.e. 36 interference fringes and optical path difference corresponding relation curve.
(13) to 36 further spectrum analyses of curve, just can obtain the overall frequency response of signal and superconduction SIS/HEB detector, under known each superconduction SIS/HEB frequency response situation, just can obtain the spectral characteristic of low resolution in the terahertz signal broadband, thereby finish the focal plane imaging of the Terahertz frequency range of many pixels, promptly incoherent broadband signal spectrum analysis.
The terahertz signal radiation characteristic of 6 x, the 6 pixel superconductor detector receiving systems among Fig. 1 directly becomes the step of figure (imaging) as follows:
(21) adjust Michelson interferometer fixed pan mirror and movable level crossing, guarantee that signal is zero through the optical path difference of latter two wave beam of broadband beams separation vessel in the Michelson interferometer;
(22) behind signal process broadband beams separation vessel 1, the Michelson interferometer 3, arrive 6 x, 6 superconduction SIS/HEB detector places;
(23) multi-channel data sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit 6 read the bias current value of the detector of 6 x, 6 superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle arrays 4 simultaneously.The signal radiation strength information of 36 groups of corresponding different spatial of current value to the further calibration process of superconduction SIS/HEB detector bias current value, realizes that the terahertz signal radiation characteristic directly becomes figure (imaging).
The step of the Terahertz frequency range Coherent Detection of 6 x, the 6 pixel superconductor detector receiving systems among Fig. 1 is as follows:
(31) signal is through 1 transmission of broadband beams separation vessel, reflect (signal, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal incident direction and broadband beams separation vessel 1 plane normal angle at 45 with the Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source 2 that configures required frequency and power through broadband beams separation vessel 1, make signal that transmitance preferably be arranged, taken into account simultaneously the reflectivity of Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal again), together be pooled to and enter Michelson interferometer 3.
During signal process Michelson interferometer 3, in order to obtain signal intensity preferably, adjust movable level crossing 32, make that two wave beam optical path differences behind the signal process Michelson interferometer 3 are zero (when optical path difference is adjusted into zero, signal does not interfere, and its amplitude is not subdued).
(32) signal and the local vibration source signal through 3 outputs of Michelson interferometer enters superconduction SIS/HEB detector focal plane battle array 4.
(33) signal and local vibration source signal carry out the superhet mixing by the C4 superconduction SIS/HEB detector (see figure 3) that enters in the superconduction SIS/HEB detector focal plane battle array 4, obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal, and intermediate-freuqncy signal has kept the frequency and the amplitude information of original signal simultaneously.
(24) intermediate-freuqncy signal is amplified through low temperature low noise intermediate frequency amplifier 7 earlier, high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit 8 by normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling carries out the high-resolution frequency spectrum processing again, thereby finish the Terahertz frequency range Coherent Detection of many pixels superconductor detector receiving system, i.e. arrowband high-resolution signal spectral analysis.
Claims (7)
1. many pixels superconductor detector receiving system, this system is by Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, the broadband beams separation vessel, the Michelson interferometer, superconduction SIS/HEB detector, the multi-channel DC bias supply, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit, low temperature low noise amplifier, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof are formed, described broadband beams separation vessel is inserted in described Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, the Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal of superhet mixing is provided, required measured signal and reflected terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal now when described broadband beams separation vessel is the mixing of Michelson interferometer transmission superhet, the interference fringe of required measured signal when described Michelson interferometer provides direct detection for superconduction SIS/HEB detector; It is characterized in that, be provided with n x m detector focal-plane imaging array in the superconduction SIS/HEB detector, 1 pixel choosing the center is relevant and non-coherent detection device, and other pixel is the non-coherent detection device; M non-coherent detection device of n x in described broadband beams separation vessel, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, Michelson interferometer, the superconduction SIS/HEB detector, multi-channel DC bias supply, low temperature low noise amplifier, hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit constitute the noncoherent detection subsystem, carry out the terahertz signal noncoherent detection of n x m pixel focal array imaging; Relevant and the non-coherent detection device of described Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source, broadband beams separation vessel, detector array center, low temperature low noise amplifier, normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof constitute the Coherent Detection subsystem, carry out the terahertz signal Coherent Detection.
2. many pixels superconductor detector receiving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described low temperature low noise amplifier is connected between superconduction SIS/HEB detector mixing output terminal and normal temperature intermediate frequency and the coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof, the intermediate frequency that superconduction SIS/HEB detector array is exported as frequency mixer carries out low noise processing and amplification, and described normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit thereof provide arrowband high-resolution spectrum analysis result; Described hyperchannel sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit provide the terahertz emission characteristic of broader frequency spectrum analysis result and signal directly to become figure.
3. many pixels superconductor detector receiving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described n x m pixel superconductor detector receiving system is the n x m focal-plane imaging array that is made of the individual Terahertz frequency range quasi-optical high sensitivity superconduction SIS/HEB detector with Coherent Detection and noncoherent detection function of n x m.
4. many pixels superconductor detector receiving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be provided with the 4K closed-loop refrigeration system that n x m superconduction SIS/HEB detector array and low temperature low noise amplifier provide the low-temperature working environment in described many pixels superconductor detector receiving system.
5. the terahertz signal detection method is characterized in that, this method comprises the following steps:
The step of step 1 terahertz signal noncoherent detection:
(11) behind the signal process broadband beams separation vessel 1, enter the Michelson interferometer and form interference fringe output, change the position of movable level crossing, just can detect the interference ripple of corresponding relation between two wave beam interference strengths and the optical path difference at the detector place;
(12) reading of interference fringe: by the movable level crossing of continuous change Michelson interferometer position, multi-channel data sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit read corresponding interference fringe constantly, i.e. n x m bar interference fringe and optical path difference corresponding relation curve from n x m superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle array simultaneously;
(13) to the further spectrum analysis simultaneously of n x m bar curve, obtain the overall frequency response of signal and superconduction SIS/HEB detector, under known each superconduction SIS/HEB frequency response situation, just can obtain terahertz signal broader frequency spectrum characteristic, thereby finish the focal plane imaging of certain frequency range of many pixels, promptly incoherent broadband signal spectrum analysis;
Step 2 terahertz signal radiation characteristic directly becomes the step of figure (imaging):
(21) adjust Michelson interferometer fixed pan mirror and movable level crossing, guarantee that signal is zero through the optical path difference of latter two wave beam of broadband beams separation vessel in the Michelson interferometer;
(22) behind signal process broadband beams separation vessel, the Michelson interferometer, arrive n x m superconduction SIS/HEB detector place;
(23) multi-channel data sensing circuit and broader frequency spectrum processing unit read the bias current value of n x m superconduction SIS/HEB detector array simultaneously.The signal radiation strength information of the corresponding different spatial of n x m group current value to the further calibration process of superconduction SIS/HEB detector bias current, is finished terahertz signal radiation characteristic one-tenth figure (imaging).
The step of step 3 terahertz signal Coherent Detection:
(31) signal is through the transmission of broadband beams separation vessel, reflect through the broadband beams separation vessel with the Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal source that configures required frequency and power, signal, Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal incident direction and broadband beams separation vessel plane normal angle at 45, make signal that transmitance preferably be arranged, taken into account simultaneously the reflectivity of Terahertz frequency range local oscillation signal again, together be pooled to and enter the Michelson interferometer;
(32) signal and the local vibration source signal through the output of Michelson interferometer enters superconduction SIS/HEB detector focal plane battle array;
(33) signal and local vibration source signal carry out mixing by the relevant superconduction SIS/HEB detector that enters in the superconduction SIS/HEB detector focal plane battle array, obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal, and intermediate-freuqncy signal has kept the frequency and the amplitude information of original signal simultaneously;
(34) intermediate-freuqncy signal is amplified through the low temperature low noise intermediate frequency amplifier earlier, high-resolution frequency spectrum processing unit by normal temperature intermediate frequency and coupling carries out the high-resolution frequency spectrum processing again, thereby finish the frequency range Coherent Detection of many pixels superconductor detector receiving system, i.e. arrowband high-resolution signal spectral analysis.
6. terahertz signal detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, further comprise in described step (21) and the step (31): during signal process Michelson interferometer, adjust movable level crossing, make that two wave beam optical path differences behind the signal process Michelson interferometer are zero.
7. terahertz signal detection method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described many pixels superconduction SIS/HEB focal plane battle array is a n x m superconduction SIS/HEB detector array.
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| CN103134983A (en) * | 2011-11-26 | 2013-06-05 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Terahertz coherent detection system based on single mixer and method |
| CN103134983B (en) * | 2011-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Based on Terahertz related detection system and the method for single frequency mixer |
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| CN109142266A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-01-04 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | A kind of Terahertz finely composes survey meter |
| CN109142266B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-11-30 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Terahertz fine spectrum detector |
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| CN109470360A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-15 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Based superconductive thermoelectron detector is concerned with and non-coherent detection system and detection method |
| CN109031449A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2018-12-18 | 苏州耶拿微电子有限公司 | Using the passive superconduction Terahertz human body safety check instrument of WR10 waveguide |
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| WO2021088407A1 (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-14 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Mid-far infrared band grating and fiber coupling multi-beam coherent reception system |
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