Quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of solar utilization technique, particularly relate to a kind of optical devices that sunshine carried out optically focused.
Background technology
Sun power is a kind of regenerative resource of cleanliness without any pollution, and is inexhaustible; fully development and use sun power not only can be saved exhausted day by day conventional energy resources; alleviate severe shortage of resources problem, but also can reduce pollution, the human ecologic environment of depending on for existence of protection.
In numerous solar utilization techniques, the most common have solar energy power generating, solar light-heat power-generation, a solar water heater etc.At present, in solar energy power generating, most what adopt is the photovoltaic power generation technology of silicon cell, and silicon cell only will to arrive about 15% power conversion of the solar energy on ground be electric energy, the utilization ratio of solar energy is overall still lower.
In the solar light-heat power-generation technology, mainly be earlier sunshine to be carried out optically focused, behind the high temperature, recycle its heat and generate electricity in reaching.Comprise solar photovoltaic technology, present optically focused technology mainly contains reflection concentration type and transmission-type optically focused two classes.That reflection concentration type mainly divides is tower, dish formula, slot type and four kinds of forms of linear Fresnel.Transmission-type optically focused mainly adopts common arc surface lens and two kinds of forms of Fresnel Lenses.Therefore and solar energy is the lower resource of a kind of energy density, and no matter require is reflection concentration type or transmission-type optically focused, all require with daylighting area arrange bigger.And common arc surface lens be will do greatlyyer the time, and its technology cost will rise by straight line, and especially weight is too big, generally only use at special occasions such as astronomical telescopes.When the area of Fresnel Lenses is done greatlyyer, also there are processing technology difficulty, the too high problem of cost.The manufacturing process of three kinds of at present the most frequently used Fresnel Lenses has: pressing mold, injection molding and polymer compound sludge ice press process.Pressing mold and polymer compound sludge ice press process can reach groove effect preferably, but the cost height.And the molding process cost is low, but service life is short, generally is lower than 10 years.The manufacturing process of these three kinds of Fresnel Lenses all need be in conjunction with a kind of plastics on the back side of glass.The subject matter of this lens is that optically focused is inhomogeneous, plastics different with the coefficient of thermal expansion between the glass cause easily come off, plastics aging easily and jaundice under sunshine.
At present, the condenser that a kind of being called " light funnel " arranged, its shortcoming are that optically focused is inhomogeneous, the optically focused radiation direction is inconsistent, light concentrating times has the upper limit, and when approaching last the prescribing a time limit of light concentrating times, the size of this condenser can be very big, has the difficult problem when making with installation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly be easy to make, with low cost, cost performance is high, do not have the novel concentrator optical devices of light concentrating times ceiling restriction.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser, it comprises at least one group of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit.
Quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit is made up of parabolic reflector, secondary parabolic reflector, three parabolic reflectors, four parabolic reflectors, make of the book sheet material material that the surface can reflection ray, as mirror face stainless steel plate, plated film plastic plate, coated glass pane etc.In Di Kaer coordinate xyz space, four parabolic mirror faces are respectively the parts of four different parabolic surfaces, and openings in the same direction all is promptly to y direction of principal axis opening.The reflecting surface of a parabolic reflector and three parabolic reflectors all is the inner surface reflection; The reflecting surface of secondary parabolic reflector and four parabolic reflectors all is the outer surface reflection.
One time parabolic reflector has identical focal line with the secondary parabolic reflector, have the identical plane of symmetry, and the focal length of a parabolic reflector is greater than the focal length of secondary parabolic reflector; Parabolic reflector and the projection of secondary parabolic reflector in the xz plane are non-intersect; The projection of a side in the xz plane away from the summit of one side on the close summit of a parabolic reflector and secondary parabolic reflector is infinitely approaching; When light along coordinate axis yo direction, promptly along being parallel to the plane of symmetry of a parabolic reflector and during perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction incident apicad, reflection through a parabolic reflector, light all arrives the outside surface of secondary parabolic reflector, by optics and geometry knowledge as can be known, these light pass through the reflection of secondary parabolic reflector again, still can be along coordinate axis yo direction, promptly along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector and perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction propagation apicad.
The projection on the xz coordinate plane of three parabolic reflectors and secondary parabolic reflector overlaps; The maximal value of the y coordinate of any point on three parabolic reflectors is all less than any point y value of a secondary parabolic reflector and a parabolic reflector, and promptly three parabolic reflectors are below a secondary parabolic reflector and a parabolic reflector.
Three parabolic reflectors, four parabolic reflectors have identical focal line, have the identical plane of symmetry, i.e. xy coordinate plane, and the focal length of three parabolic reflectors is greater than the focal length of four parabolic reflectors; Orthogonal between the identical focal line that three parabolic reflectors and four parabolic reflectors have and the identical focal line that parabolic reflector and secondary parabolic reflector have; Three parabolic reflectors and four projections of parabolic reflector in the xz plane are non-intersect; The projection of a side in the xz plane away from the summit of one side on the close summit of three parabolic reflectors and four parabolic reflectors is infinitely approaching; When light along coordinate axis yo direction, promptly along being parallel to the plane of symmetry of a parabolic reflector and during perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction incident apicad, reflection through three parabolic reflectors, light all arrives the reflective outer surface of four parabolic reflectors, by optics and geometry knowledge as can be known, these light are again through the reflection of four parabolic reflectors, still can be along coordinate axis yo direction, promptly along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to three parabolic reflectors and perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction propagation apicad.
Light in the given area is along coordinate axis yo direction, promptly along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector, and perpendicular to its focal line, and during by opening direction incident apicad, reflection through a parabolic reflector, light all arrives the reflective outer surface of secondary parabolic reflector, these light pass through the reflection of secondary parabolic reflector again, still can propagate along coordinate axis yo direction, again through the reflection of three parabolic reflectors, the surface of four parabolic reflectors of directive, after passing through its reflection again, still propagate along coordinate axis yo direction, and finally converging in the littler zone of determining, thereby the aggregation feature of realization light.
On the contrary, light in the given area is along coordinate axis oy direction, promptly along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector and perpendicular to its focal line and by the summit when the opening direction incident, respectively through the reflection of four parabolic reflectors, three parabolic reflectors, secondary parabolic reflector, a parabolic reflector, light finally can be diffused in the bigger zone of determining, thereby realizes the diffusion function of light.
Along coordinate axis oy direction, promptly along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector and perpendicular to its light of direction of focal line, through quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit converge or diffusion after, be parallel relation between incident ray and the emergent ray, therefore, quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit and the function that has lens combination by the quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser that quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit is formed, Salar light-gathering can be used for fully, also optical instruments such as telescope, microscope can be used for.Because four parabolic reflectors in the quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit can adopt book sheet material material that common surface can reflection ray to be installed on the mould of parabolic curve and realize converging and diffusion function of light, therefore, quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit and can be made into sizable volume by the quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser that quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit is formed, with manufacture conventional lenses and compare, have with low cost, the huge advantage of handling ease.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is side plan structure of the present invention and light path synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the front view of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the left view of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the top view of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit of the present invention.
Number in the figure is described as follows:
10-quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit, parabolic reflector of 1-, 2-secondary parabolic reflector, three parabolic reflectors of 3-, four parabolic reflectors of 4-.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser, and it comprises at least one group of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10.
As Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 is made up of parabolic reflector 1, secondary parabolic reflector 2, three parabolic reflectors 3, four parabolic reflectors 4, make of the book sheet material material that the surface can reflection ray, as mirror face stainless steel plate, plated film plastic plate, coated glass pane etc.In Di Kaer coordinate xyz space, the reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1, secondary parabolic reflector 2 reflecting surface E
2F
2G
2H
2, three parabolic reflectors 3 reflecting surface E
3F
3G
3H
3, four parabolic reflectors 4 reflecting surface E
4F
4G
4H
4, be respectively the part of four different parabolic surfaces, openings in the same direction all is namely to y direction of principal axis opening.The reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Reflecting surface E with three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3It all is the inner surface reflection; The reflecting surface E of secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Reflecting surface E with four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4It all is the outer surface reflection.
The reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Reflecting surface E with secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Have identical focal line MN, have the identical plane of symmetry, be i.e. the reflecting surface E of zy coordinate plane, an and parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Focal length greater than the reflecting surface E of secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
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2Focal length; The reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Reflecting surface E with secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Projection in the xz plane is non-intersect; The reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1By a subapical side G
1H
1Reflecting surface E with secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2The side E away from the summit
2F
2Projection infinite approach in the xz plane; When light along reference axis yo direction, namely along being parallel to the plane of symmetry of a parabolic reflector 1 and during perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction incident apicad, through the reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Reflection, light all arrives the reflecting surface E of secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Reflective outer surface, by optics and geometry knowledge as can be known, these light pass through the external reflectance face E of secondary parabolic reflector 2 again
2F
2G
2H
2Reflection, still can be along reference axis yo direction, namely along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector 1 and perpendicular to it focal line and by opening apicad direction propagate; The reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Reflecting surface E with secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Between have one-to-one relationship.
The reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3Reflecting surface E with secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Projection on the xz coordinate plane overlaps; The reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3On the maximum of y coordinate of any point all less than the reflecting surface E of secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Reflecting surface E with a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Any point, i.e. the reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3Reflecting surface E at secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Reflecting surface E with a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
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1The below.
The reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3, four parabolic reflectors 4 reflecting surface E
4F
4G
4H
4Have identical focal line UV, have the identical plane of symmetry, be i.e. the reflecting surface E of xy coordinate plane, and three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3Focal length greater than the reflecting surface E of four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4Focal length; Focal line UV and focal line MN are spatially orthogonal; The reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3, four parabolic reflectors 4 reflecting surface E
4F
4G
4H
4Projection in the xz plane is non-intersect; The reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3By a subapical side G
3H
3Reflecting surface E with four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4The side E away from the summit
4F
4Projection infinite approach in the xz plane; When light along reference axis yo direction, namely along being parallel to the plane of symmetry of a parabolic reflector 3 and during perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction incident apicad, through the reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3Reflection, light all arrives the reflecting surface E of four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4Reflective outer surface, by optics and geometry knowledge as can be known, these light are again through the reflecting surface E of four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4Reflection, still can be along reference axis yo direction, namely along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to three parabolic reflectors 3 and perpendicular to it focal line and by opening apicad direction propagate; The reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3Reflecting surface E with four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4Between have one-to-one relationship.
Such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 6, work as A
0B
0C
0D
0Light in the zone is along reference axis yo direction, namely along being parallel to the plane of symmetry of a parabolic reflector 1 and during perpendicular to its focal line and by opening direction incident apicad, through the reflecting surface E of a parabolic reflector 1
1F
1G
1H
1Reflection, light all arrives the reflecting surface E of secondary parabolic reflector 2
2F
2G
2H
2Reflective outer surface, these light pass through the external reflectance face E of secondary parabolic reflector 2 again
2F
2G
2H
2Reflection, still can propagate along reference axis yo direction, again through the reflecting surface E of three parabolic reflectors 3
3F
3G
3H
3Reflection, the reflecting surface E of four parabolic reflectors 4 of directive
4F
4G
4H
4The surface, pass through again its reflection after, still propagate along reference axis yo direction, and finally converge to A
5B
5C
5D
5In the zone, thus the aggregation feature of realization light.A
0B
0C
0D
0Every bit and A in the zone
5B
5C
5D
5There is one to one relation in every bit in the zone.
On the contrary, work as A
5B
5C
5D
5Light in the zone is along reference axis oy direction, namely along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector 1 and perpendicular to its focal line and by the summit during to opening direction incident, respectively through the reflecting surface E of four parabolic reflectors 4
4F
4G
4H
4, three parabolic reflectors 3 reflecting surface E
3F
3G
3H
3, secondary parabolic reflector 2 external reflectance face E
2F
2G
2H
2, a parabolic reflector 1 reflecting surface E
1F
1G
1H
1Reflection, light finally can be diffused in A
0B
0C
0D
0In the zone, thus the diffusion function of realization light.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, along coordinate axis oy direction, promptly along the plane of symmetry that is parallel to a parabolic reflector 1 and perpendicular to its light of direction of focal line, through quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 converge or diffusion after, be parallel relation between incident ray and the emergent ray, therefore, quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 and the function that has lens combination by the quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser 1 that quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 is formed, Salar light-gathering can be used for fully, also optical instruments such as telescope, microscope can be used for.Because four parabolic reflectors in the quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 can adopt book sheet material material that common surface can reflection ray to be installed on the mould of parabolic curve and realize converging and diffusion function of light, therefore, quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 and can be made into sizable volume by the quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser 1 that quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 is formed, with manufacture conventional lenses and compare, have with low cost, the huge advantage of handling ease.
As Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, when a parabolic reflector 1 of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 and the focal length of three parabolic reflectors 3, secondary parabolic reflector 2 and four parabolic reflectors 4 are different numerical value, quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 and the lens that form by the quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser 1 that quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 is formed, converging and spread multiple and also change parallel rays.Calculate theoretically, converging and spreading multiple of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 and 1 pair of parallel rays of quadruple parabolic cylinder condenser of being made up of quadruple parabolic cylinder light focusing unit 10 do not have the upper limit.