CN102043116A - Method for positioning failure point of power grid - Google Patents

Method for positioning failure point of power grid Download PDF

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CN102043116A
CN102043116A CN 201110021648 CN201110021648A CN102043116A CN 102043116 A CN102043116 A CN 102043116A CN 201110021648 CN201110021648 CN 201110021648 CN 201110021648 A CN201110021648 A CN 201110021648A CN 102043116 A CN102043116 A CN 102043116A
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row
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董清
颜湘武
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North China Electric Power University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for positioning a failure point of a power grid in the technical field of electric system measurement and control. The method comprises the following steps: travelling wave measurement units are installed in the power grid; each travelling wave measurement unit is divided into different measurement sets; the travelling wave measurement units measure voltage travelling wave data with set time respectively at the same time when the power grid has a failure; in each measurement set, the travelling wave head arriving first in the measurement set is determined; regarding the travelling wave measurement unit in which the travelling wave head arrives first, the travelling wave measurement unit in which the travelling wave head arrives first in the whole power grid is determined, wherein the measurement set of the travelling wave measurement unit is the measurement set of the failure point; and the particular position of the failure point is determined. The time difference can be extracted by comparing similarity maximums of voltage travelling wave data waveforms of two adjacent measurement units in the power grid, the position of the failure point is calculated, so that the problem of missing measurement on the maximum of the wave head is avoided, and the accuracy and reliability of measurement are improved.

Description

The electric network fault independent positioning method
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric system observation and control technology field, relate in particular to a kind of electric network fault independent positioning method.
Background technology
Because power system transmission line is in large scale, it is wide that grid structure covers the region, when being short-circuited fault on the transmission line of electricity, how in wide electrical network in time, accurate fault location point, for the line maintenance personnel search fast and fix a breakdown, and have great importance for reducing the economic loss that causes because of grid power blackout.
The method that is used at present the power system transmission line localization of fault both at home and abroad mainly contains two classes: impedance method and traveling wave method.
Impedance method need be set up the mathematical model of transmission line of electricity, and the voltage and current signal during by the collection fault utilizes the relation equation of impedance and the line length and the impedance of finding the solution the trouble spot, and then tries to achieve the distance of trouble spot.Owing to be subjected to the influence of the factors such as degree of accuracy, voltage and current transducer error of transition resistance, the line parameter circuit value of trouble spot, and the circuit that is difficult to be applicable to wiring construction complexity such as T type, make impedance method have that range error is big, the shortcoming of adaptive faculty difference.
Traveling wave method is the method for carrying out fault localization according to row ripple transmission theory, when transmission line of electricity breaks down, can produce the transient state travelling wave of propagating along transmission line of electricity in the trouble spot, its velocity of propagation is very fast, near the light velocity, by means of the GPS markers, the time that voltage during by the measurements and calculations fault or current traveling wave are propagated on the line, and then the funtcional relationship of utilization row wave-wave speed, travel-time and distance is calculated the position of trouble spot.The key of travelling wave ranging method is capable wave-wave head and definite its moment corresponding that will need to discern exactly from the trouble spot.
Present travelling wave ranging method all is to extract the time that capable ripple arrives measurement point by detecting capable wave-wave head maximal value moment corresponding, extracting in the whole bag of tricks of wave head due in information at present, all be to analyze at the travelling wave signal of single sampled measurements point, because the multiple factors such as uncertainty of the otherness of the diversity of fault type, stake resistance and fault moment all can influence the feature of capable wave-wave head in the electrical network, make that detecting wave head maximal value moment corresponding exists bigger difficulty and error.Simultaneously, because the row velocity of wave propagation is fast, wanting to sample obtains the maximal value and the moment corresponding thereof of row wave-wave head, needs the sample frequency of measurement links very fast, and too fast sample frequency causes the interference free performance of system to reduce easily; In addition, for fast, the sharp-pointed capable wave-wave head of some saltus step speed, the serious distortion that causes measuring result of calculation takes place in the situation that omission also might occur.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, propose a kind of electric network fault independent positioning method, be used to overcome the deficiency that the electric network fault independent positioning method of present use exists.
Technical scheme is that a kind of electric network fault independent positioning method is characterized in that described method comprises:
Step 1: row wave measurement unit is installed in electrical network;
Step 2: each row wave measurement dividing elements is become different measuring assemblies;
Step 3: when electrical network broke down, each row wave measurement unit was measured the voltage traveling wave data of setting duration respectively simultaneously;
Step 4: in each measuring assembly, the similarity maximal value of more any two capable wave measurement cell voltage row wave datum waveforms, extraction row ripple arrives the time difference of described two capable wave measurement unit, determines the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head at first arrives in this measuring assembly;
Step 5: the capable wave measurement unit that at first arrives at the expert wave-wave head of each measuring assembly, the similarity maximal value of the voltage traveling wave data waveform of the capable wave measurement unit that more any two capable wave-wave heads at first arrive, determine in the capable wave measurement unit that the expert wave-wave head of each measuring assembly at first arrives, the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head arrives at first, the measuring assembly at this place, row wave measurement unit is the measuring assembly at place, trouble spot;
Step 6: the particular location at localization of faults place.
The described installation in electrical network gone the wave measurement unit specifically:
In the electrical network of radiation shape structure, when having only head end node and end node, 1 capable wave measurement unit respectively is installed at head end node and end node; When except head end node and end node, when also having intermediate node, 1 capable wave measurement unit respectively is installed, and 1 intermediate node between optional head end node and the end node is installed row wave measurement unit at head end node and end node;
In the loop configuration electrical network, head end node and end node on the nose road are respectively installed 1 capable wave measurement unit, when two adjacent annular structure electrical networks are shared common line, with the common line shared road is the nose road, chooses this nose road any 1 node in addition again row wave measurement unit is installed.
Described step 4 specifically comprises:
Step 101: set any two capable wave measurement unit and be respectively capable wave measurement unit A and row wave measurement unit B;
Step 102: the voltage traveling wave data that row wave measurement unit A and row wave measurement unit B record in setting duration t are respectively f A(τ), f B(τ), τ ∈ [0, t];
Step 103: setting row wave measurement unit A with respect to the curve order similarity function of row wave measurement unit B is:
R AB ( x ) = ∫ 0 t f A ( τ - x ) · f B ( τ ) · dτ x∈[0，t]；
Setting row wave measurement unit B with respect to the curve order similarity function of row wave measurement unit A is simultaneously:
R BA ( x ) = ∫ 0 t f B ( τ - x ) · f A ( τ ) · dτ x∈[0，t]；
Step 104: in the time period [0, t], make R AB-MAXBe R AB(x) maximal value in, R BA-MAXBe R BA(x) maximal value in;
Step 105: judge R AB-MAXWith R BA-MAXSize, if R AB-MAX＞R BA-MAXThe ripple of then going arrives row wave measurement unit B earlier, arrives row wave measurement unit A then, R AB-MAXCorresponding x value is the time difference that arrives row wave measurement unit A behind the row ripple arrival measuring unit B again; If R AB-MAX＜R BA-MAXThe ripple of then going arrives row wave measurement unit A earlier, arrives row wave measurement unit B then; R BA-MAXCorresponding x value is the time difference that arrives row wave measurement unit B behind the row ripple arrival wave measurement unit A again.
Effect of the present invention is, extract the time difference of capable ripple by the similarity maximal value that compares the voltage traveling wave data waveform of adjacent two measuring units in the electrical network by this two measuring unit, and then the particular location of calculating trouble spot, avoided measuring the omission problem that the wave head maximal value occurs, improved accuracy and the reliability measured.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an electric network fault independent positioning method process flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is a row wave measurement unit scheme of installation in the electrical network.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment is elaborated.Should be emphasized that following explanation only is exemplary, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention and to use.
Fig. 1 is an electric network fault independent positioning method process flow diagram.Among Fig. 1, electric network fault independent positioning method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1: row wave measurement unit is installed in electrical network.
Fig. 2 is a row wave measurement unit scheme of installation in the electrical network.Among Fig. 2, regard each transformer station in the electrical network node of electrical network as, and use numeral.In the electric network composition of Fig. 2, have 11 transformer station's nodes, be respectively: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11.Known line length is respectively between each transformer station's node: L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, L11, L12, L13.
General electric network composition can be divided into two classes: radiation shape and annular.The electric network composition of annular can be divided according to the quantity that comprises node again, and be divided into: 3 nodes, 4 nodes, 5 nodes, 6 nodes are with first-class annular electro web frame.In the electric network composition of Fig. 2,1 is the electrical network of radiation shape structure from node 4 to node; The electrical network that comprises 3 loop configuration simultaneously, node 4, node 5 and node 6 constitute the electrical network of one 3 node loop configuration, node 4, node 6, node 7 and node 8 constitute the electrical network of one 4 node loop configuration, and node 4, node 5, node 9, node 10 and node 11 constitute the electrical network of one 5 node loop configuration.
In electrical network shown in Figure 2, row wave measurement unit is installed specifically: in the electrical network of the radiation shape structure that node 4 is formed to node 1, at head end node 1 and end node 41 capable wave measurement unit is installed respectively, be respectively capable wave measurement unit C1 and C3, and 1 intermediate node between optional head end node 1 and the end node 43 is installed row wave measurement unit C2.In the electrical network of radiation shape structure,, then only 1 capable wave measurement unit is installed respectively on head end node and end node and is got final product if having only head end node and end node.
In the loop configuration electrical network, head end node and end node on the nose road are respectively installed 1 capable wave measurement unit, when two adjacent annular structure electrical networks are shared common line, with the common line shared road is the nose road, chooses this nose road any 1 node in addition again row wave measurement unit is installed.Among Fig. 2, the circuit of forming between the circuit of forming between node 4 and the node 5 and node 4 and the node 6 becomes the shared common line of 3 loop configuration electrical networks, therefore, row wave measurement unit is installed on node 4, node 5 and node 6 respectively.Node 4 existing row wave measurement unit C3, the capable wave measurement unit on node 5 and the node 6 is respectively C4 and C6.Choose nose road (sharing common line) any 1 node in addition row wave measurement unit is installed, promptly among Fig. 2, choose node 7 and node 10 installation row wave measurement unit C7 and C5.
Step 2: each row wave measurement dividing elements is become different measuring assemblies.
Measuring assembly is divided according to electric network composition in each row wave measurement unit.In Fig. 2, capable wave measurement unit C1, C2, the C3 that is installed in the electrical network of radiation shape structure is divided into measuring assembly 1; Measuring unit C3, the C4, the C6 that are installed in the loop configuration electrical network that is made of node 4,5,6 are divided into measuring assembly 2; Measuring unit C3, the C6, the C7 that are installed in the loop configuration electrical network that is made of node 4,6,7,8 are divided into measuring assembly 3; Measuring unit C3, the C4, the C5 that are installed in the loop configuration electrical network that is made of node 4,5,9,10,11 are divided into measuring assembly 4.
Step 3: when electrical network broke down, each row wave measurement unit was measured the voltage traveling wave data of setting duration respectively simultaneously.
Measurement result can be sent into computing center or CPU (central processing unit).
Step 4: in each measuring assembly, the similarity maximal value of more any two capable wave measurement cell voltage row wave datum waveforms, extraction row ripple arrives the time difference of described two capable wave measurement unit, determines the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head at first arrives in this measuring assembly, and its process is:
Step 101: set any two capable wave measurement unit and be respectively capable wave measurement unit A and row wave measurement unit B.
Step 102: the voltage traveling wave data that row wave measurement unit A and row wave measurement unit B record in setting duration t are respectively f A(τ), f B(τ), τ ∈ [0, t].
Step 103: setting row wave measurement unit A with respect to the curve order similarity function of row wave measurement unit B is:
Figure BDA0000044401510000061
X ∈ [0, t]; Be about to time x of A point measurement data reach, carry out product calculation with B point measurement data then.
Setting row wave measurement unit B with respect to the curve order similarity function of row wave measurement unit A is simultaneously:
Figure BDA0000044401510000062
X ∈ [0, t]; Be about to time x of B point measurement data reach, carry out product calculation with A point measurement data then.
Step 104: in the time period [0, t], make R AB-MAXBe R AB(x) maximal value in, R BA-MAXBe R BA(x) maximal value in.
Step 105: judge R AB-MAXWith R BA-MAXSize, if R AB-MAX＞R BA-MAXThe ripple of then going arrives row wave measurement unit B earlier, arrives row wave measurement unit A then, R AB-MAXCorresponding x value is the time difference that arrives row wave measurement unit A behind the row ripple arrival measuring unit B again; If R AB-MAX＜R BA-MAXThe ripple of then going arrives row wave measurement unit A earlier, arrives row wave measurement unit B then; R BA-MAXCorresponding x value is the time difference that arrives row wave measurement unit B behind the row ripple arrival wave measurement unit A again.
Step 5: the capable wave measurement unit that at first arrives at the expert wave-wave head of each measuring assembly, the similarity maximal value of the voltage traveling wave data waveform of the capable wave measurement unit that more any two capable wave-wave heads at first arrive, determine in the capable wave measurement unit that the expert wave-wave head of each measuring assembly at first arrives, the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head arrives at first, the measuring assembly at this place, row wave measurement unit is the measuring assembly at place, trouble spot.
In this step, determine the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head arrives at first in the whole electric network composition.Similar process in its process and the step 4, just row wave measurement unit has not been the capable wave measurement unit in the measuring assembly, but the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head arrives at first in each measuring assembly.
Step 6: the particular location at localization of faults place.
If in the whole electric network composition, the measuring unit that the row ripple arrives is at first shared by two measuring assemblies, need in two measuring assemblies, pass through the time difference of adjacent measurement and known adjacent lines length according to the voltage traveling wave data of extracting, utilize the computing method of row wave-wave speed, difference computational scheme length and the ratio of the time difference, when ratio generation significant change, this section circuit is the circuit that comprises the trouble spot.
As shown in Figure 2, suppose that the transmission line of electricity short trouble occurs between 5 nodes and 11 nodes, can determine that according to the 5th step row wave measurement unit C4 is the measuring unit that row wave-wave head arrives at first.Because the line length between known each row wave measurement unit, that is: C4 respectively and the line length between C3, C6, the C5 be L4, L5, L12+L13, if the time difference between the capable ripple arrival C4 that extracts in step 5 and C3, C6, the C5 is respectively: Δ T 43, Δ T 46, Δ T 45, because row ripple velocity of wave basically identical on the line, then the capable wave-wave speed of Ji Suaning has following result:
Δ T 43 L 4 = Δ T 46 L 5 = 1 c b , C wherein bVelocity of wave.
&Delta; T 45 L 12 + L 13 < 1 c b
According to the mutability characteristics of the time difference and line length ratio, can the localization of faults between measuring unit C4 and C5.
The capable wave measurement unit C4 that calculates according to velocity of wave and step 5 and the time difference between the C5 again, can be by formula
Figure BDA0000044401510000081
Calculate trouble spot distance C 4 apart from s.
The present invention extracts the time difference of capable ripple by this two measuring station by the similarity maximal value that compares the voltage traveling wave data waveform of adjacent two measuring stations in the electrical network, and then calculates the particular location of trouble spot; Rather than, seek row wave-wave head maximal value moment corresponding only at the capable wave datum of a measuring station, extract the time difference by the difference of calculating between each moment.Because fault traveling wave is a wave head communication process with certain special shape in electrical network, the data of each point in the wave head shape all comprise certain information of wave head, extract the time difference by the similarity that compares row wave-wave head between the different measuring station, avoided measuring the omission problem that the wave head maximal value occurs, improved accuracy of measurement and reliability.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.

Claims (3)

1. electric network fault independent positioning method is characterized in that described method comprises:
Step 1: row wave measurement unit is installed in electrical network;
Step 2: each row wave measurement dividing elements is become different measuring assemblies;
Step 3: when electrical network broke down, each row wave measurement unit was measured the voltage traveling wave data of setting duration respectively simultaneously;
Step 4: in each measuring assembly, the similarity maximal value of more any two capable wave measurement cell voltage row wave datum waveforms, extraction row ripple arrives the time difference of described two capable wave measurement unit, determines the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head at first arrives in this measuring assembly;
Step 5: the capable wave measurement unit that at first arrives at the expert wave-wave head of each measuring assembly, the similarity maximal value of the voltage traveling wave data waveform of the capable wave measurement unit that more any two capable wave-wave heads at first arrive, determine in the capable wave measurement unit that the expert wave-wave head of each measuring assembly at first arrives, the capable wave measurement unit that row wave-wave head arrives at first, the measuring assembly at this place, row wave measurement unit is the measuring assembly at place, trouble spot;
Step 6: the particular location at localization of faults place.
2. a kind of electric network fault independent positioning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that describedly row wave measurement unit being installed specifically in electrical network:
In the electrical network of radiation shape structure, when having only head end node and end node, 1 capable wave measurement unit respectively is installed at head end node and end node; When except head end node and end node, when also having intermediate node, 1 capable wave measurement unit respectively is installed, and 1 intermediate node between optional head end node and the end node is installed row wave measurement unit at head end node and end node;
In the loop configuration electrical network, head end node and end node on the nose road are respectively installed 1 capable wave measurement unit, when two adjacent annular structure electrical networks are shared common line, with the common line shared road is the nose road, chooses this nose road any 1 node in addition again row wave measurement unit is installed.
3. a kind of electric network fault independent positioning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step 4 specifically comprises:
Step 101: set any two capable wave measurement unit and be respectively capable wave measurement unit A and row wave measurement unit B;
Step 102: the voltage traveling wave data that row wave measurement unit A and row wave measurement unit B record in setting duration t are respectively f A(τ), f B(τ), τ ∈ [0, t];
Step 103: setting row wave measurement unit A with respect to the curve order similarity function of row wave measurement unit B is:
R AB ( x ) = &Integral; 0 t f A ( &tau; - x ) &CenterDot; f B ( &tau; ) &CenterDot; d&tau; x∈[0，t]；
Setting row wave measurement unit B with respect to the curve order similarity function of row wave measurement unit A is simultaneously:
R BA ( x ) = &Integral; 0 t f B ( &tau; - x ) &CenterDot; f A ( &tau; ) &CenterDot; d&tau; x∈[0，t]；
Step 104: in the time period [0, t], make R AB-MAXBe R AB(x) maximal value in, R BA-MAXBe R BA(x) maximal value in;
Step 105: judge R AB-MAXWith R BA-MAXSize, if R AB-MAX＞R BA-MAXThe ripple of then going arrives row wave measurement unit B earlier, arrives row wave measurement unit A then, R AB-MAXCorresponding x value is the time difference that arrives row wave measurement unit A behind the row ripple arrival measuring unit B again; If R AB-MAX＜R BA-MAXThe ripple of then going arrives row wave measurement unit A earlier, arrives row wave measurement unit B then; R BA-MAXCorresponding x value is the time difference that arrives row wave measurement unit B behind the row ripple arrival wave measurement unit A again.
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CN107247219B (en) * 2017-07-27 2019-07-23 云南电网有限责任公司 A kind of ultra-high-tension power transmission line abort situation determination method based on waveform similarity
CN110068746A (en) * 2019-04-11 2019-07-30 云南电网有限责任公司 Gird fault diagnosis method and system
CN114325245A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-04-12 湖南大学 Transmission line fault line selection and positioning method based on traveling wave data deep learning

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