CN102042152A - Hydroturbine permanent spindle sealing device - Google Patents
Hydroturbine permanent spindle sealing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102042152A CN102042152A CN2010105938547A CN201010593854A CN102042152A CN 102042152 A CN102042152 A CN 102042152A CN 2010105938547 A CN2010105938547 A CN 2010105938547A CN 201010593854 A CN201010593854 A CN 201010593854A CN 102042152 A CN102042152 A CN 102042152A
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- ring
- main shaft
- seal ring
- sealing
- sealing device
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydroturbine permanent spindle sealing device, and belongs to a spindle sealing device of various hydroturbines of vertical and horizontal devices, in particular to a permanent sealing device of a hydroturbine spindle. The device mainly comprises a tracking type sealing ring which is arranged between a shell and a spindle and is formed by connecting a deforming ring and a sealing ring, a radial main sealing surface and an end surface auxiliary sealing surface, wherein the radial main sealing surface and the end surface auxiliary sealing surface are arranged on the sealing ring. The device enables the radial main sealing surface to perform tracking type sealing along with the swing of the spindle and enables the end surface auxiliary sealing surface to enter a sealing state along with the increase of water pressure. Therefore, the water leakage is controlled at the minimal state or no-leakage state for a long time, the leaking water can be turned, pushed out and then kept outside the bearing, and the water leakage problem of the hydroturbine spindle sealing device can be thoroughly solved.
Description
Technical field
The permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine belongs to the main shaft sealing device of the various water turbine of vertical and horizontal type device, relates in particular to a kind of sealed-for-life device of hydraulic turbine main shaft.
Background technique
Main shaft sealing device is one of vitals of water turbine, but because the radially wobbling of the relative casing of the on-stream existence of main shaft, and makes main shaft sealing device fail thoroughly to solve the seepy question of press water so far.Up to the present, its structure still mainly adopts between the sealing surface of nonmetal formations such as metal and rubber and applies the to a certain degree sealing configuration of external force.Because the nonmetal Sealings such as making rubber that applies of external force very easily weares and teares, therefore up to the present main shaft sealing device is still that unique serviceability rate and reliability can't listed in is 100% parts in the large, medium and small type water turbine, and the generating production of hydraulic generator unit caused has a strong impact on.
The face seals that in vertical turbine, adopts, seal ring by the wear-resistant ring of the rotation that installs on the main shaft and the rubber that installs on carriage or other material is formed, and applied in the bottom of rubber or other material seal ring to a certain degree hydraulic pressure or the pressure of spring.Its deficiency is: because applying of external force makes the very big frictional force of existence between sealing surface, thereby the seal ring of rubber or other material is is very easily worn and torn, and inclined to one side card, hot faults such as a large amount of leakages of burning adhesion and press water self can appear, and be difficult to bear the pressure that leaks under the full load condition, therefore constantly threatening the safe and reliable operation of water turbine.If repair and maintenance is untimely, then can causing leaks in a large number floods and water is led and the accident of factory building.
The rubber flat plate seal arrangement that in horizontal water turbine, uses, form by wear-resistant ring of the rotation that installs on the main shaft and the dull and stereotyped rubber plate that on casing, installs, its deficiency is: because press water acts directly on the surface of dull and stereotyped rubber, make dull and stereotyped rubber and rotate between the wear-resistant ring and produced very big frictional force, therefore dull and stereotyped caulking gum just can be damaged in the very short time of water turbine running, thereby a large amount of pressure flows is sprayed towards water turbine bearing direction, and under the drive of main shaft surface rotating force, progress into thrust-bearing, perhaps behind the rear that constantly splashes to the water blocking member that is provided with on the main shaft under the action of centrifugal force of main shaft surface, progress into thrust-bearing.When acquiring a certain degree, the water content in the bearing just can cause the tile kilning accident.For making unit safety stable operation, then need to shut down continually the back and change dull and stereotyped rubber and wear-resistant ring.
The packing_seal device that in horizontal water turbine, uses, form by applying the packing_seal materials such as asbestos that are pressed into after to a certain degree the external force by gland and bolt etc. in the cavity between main shaft and casing, its deficiency is: because the packing_seal material has been applied external force to a certain degree, so its sealing surface just can be damaged in the very short period of water turbine running equally.Therefore, this device adds the packing material after needing equally to shut down continually.
In addition because leaking of main shaft seal is that press water by entering from the gap between runner and its shell before the work done not causes, therefore when water turbine when full load condition moves, enter the hydraulic pressure maximum of the press water of main shaft seal, thus the also maximum of leaking that causes.For preventing to leak excessive and enter bearing, must deduct the load of water turbine about 30%.Therefore, leaking of main shaft seal caused the hydraulic generator unit can not reach the situation of oepration at full load for a long time continuously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the need that have the seal arrangement existence now and shut down back replacing Sealing continually; and make unit can't reliably continuously for a long time reach wretched insufficiencies such as oepration at full load; and provide a kind of energy to leak state that long-term control leaks in minimum state or nothing; and will make it can't enter bearing all the time after the also thorough release of the current break-in that spill, thereby can thoroughly solve the permanent main shaft sealing device of main shaft seal seepy question.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine, comprise casing, pass the main shaft of casing, between casing and main shaft, be provided with by Shape-changeable ring and the tracking type seal ring that constitutes after seal ring is connected, and radially primary sealing area and end face auxiliary seal face are set on seal ring.
On the casing of the present invention the stationary ring that installs Shape-changeable ring can be set, stationary seal ring and the stationary ring thereof that matches with the tracking type seal ring perhaps is set.
On the main shaft of the present invention the swivel becket that installs Shape-changeable ring can be set, rotary seal ring and the swivel becket thereof that matches with the tracking type seal ring perhaps is set.
Shape-changeable ring of the present invention surface can be provided with support ring, to prevent Shape-changeable ring dilatancy under the effect of press water.
Seal ring of the present invention or with seal ring that it matches on seal ring and/or contamination depositing trough can be set, thereby make sealing surface keep not having the state that leaks, and the foreign material that will diminish sealing surface deposit.
Stationary ring of the present invention or coupled Shape-changeable ring are when horizontal type device, and the tonifying Qi pollutant exhaust hole can be offered in its bottom, thus the foreign material that silt etc. can be diminished sealing surface in time discharge, and eliminate vacuum after the tonifying Qi in time.
Tracking type seal ring of the present invention can be provided with elastic supporting member for supporting optical member at horizontal type device and when remaining static between its seal ring and other static part, thereby can reduce the frictional force that forms between sealing surface because of the seal ring own wt.
Can set out water end (W.E.) on swivel becket of the present invention or the rotary seal ring towards casing and have the break-in ring of taper water dumping face.
In this device, Shape-changeable ring can be made by materials such as rubber.Because rubber is with the adaptability distortion of the swing generation of main shaft, make the radially primary sealing area of static and dynamic sealing interannular can remain very tight sealing state movingly, therefore the static and dynamic sealing ring all can be made by the materials such as metal with superior matching property, and between sealing surface by tight requirement movingly assembling, thereby realized fitted seal between metal and the metal; Because rubber makes the end face auxiliary seal face of static and dynamic sealing interannular can enter the seal operation state with the tensile buckling that the increase of hydraulic pressure produces.
When the press water in the casing during through primary sealing area radially, because that its seal clearance cooperates is very tight, therefore the water yield that spills is very little.When being provided with seal ring, this device then can keep not having the state that leaks.And silt in the ingress of sealing surface because the centrifugal force that the rotary seal ring exists makes it can't enter sealing.When leaking, the direction of leaking can be changed to the direction opposite fully, and will leak and get rid of the place ahead fully, bring bearing into after making the surface that to drop on rotatable parts all the time that leaks to break-in ring waterexit end with bearing through the break-in ring.
According to above-described formation situation and working procedure, this invention has following useful effect and obvious improvement:
1. because the radially primary sealing area of this device cooperates very tightly, and make end face auxiliary seal face can enter the seal operation state, therefore leaking of main shaft seal can be controlled at minimum state or the nothing state that leaks with the increase of hydraulic pressure.
2. owing between the sealing surface of static and dynamic sealing ring, do not apply any external force, make and radially do not have very big frictional force between primary sealing area, and the static and dynamic sealing ring all can be made by the materials such as metal with excellent wear resistance energy, therefore the sealing face can seriously not damaged in long-continued using process, thereby makes the operation reliably continuously for a long time of this device.
3. break-in and thoroughly release because the break-in ring can will leak, making leaks can't drop into into bearing all the time.Therefore, this device eliminated horizontal water turbine because of the bearing water inlet can't be under the full load condition the long-term factor of reliable operation continuously.
4. this device is in operation, and when the axial float of normal range (NR) appearred in main shaft, its each position performance all can remain intact state.Therefore, this device is not only simple and reasonable, and performance is safe and reliable.
5. the utilization of this device can thoroughly solve the seepy question of hydraulic turbine main shaft sealing device, thereby makes large, medium and small type water turbine can realize that all the serviceability rate of all parts and reliability reach 100% target.
6. because this device can not lost its water shutoff because of service time is long and handle the function leak, so do not overhaul after not needing to shut down continually or safeguard.Thereby make this device in long-term using process, will bring immeasurable benefit, and be that the hydroelectric power plant of realizing fully automatic operation has been established reliable basic condition to the generating production of hydraulic turbine generator group.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing of the permanent main shaft sealing device of device in vertical turbine.
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of the permanent main shaft sealing device of another pattern of device in vertical turbine.
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing that the packing_seal of bulb through-flow turbine is changed into permanent main shaft sealing device.
Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing that the rubber flat plate sealing of horizontal water turbine is changed into permanent main shaft sealing device.
Fig. 5 is the sectional drawing of the permanent main shaft sealing device of device in the horizontal water turbine of coming of new.
Fig. 6 is the sectional drawing of the permanent main shaft sealing device of another pattern of device in bulb through-flow turbine.
Fig. 7,8,9, the 10th, the sectional drawing of the various permanent main shaft sealing device that in the horizontal water turbine that moves production, is provided with.
More than label among each figure represent respectively: 1. main shaft; 2. casing (top cover or protecgulum); 3. stationary ring; 4. swivel becket; 5. seal ring; 6. Shape-changeable ring; 7. break-in ring; 8. taper water dumping face; 9. radial-thrust bearing; 10. lubricated thin oil; 11. seal ring; 12. tonifying Qi pollutant exhaust hole; 13. waste pipe; 14. support ring; 15. pressure ring; 16. primary sealing area radially; 17. shroud ring; 18. water collecting box; 19. vacuum breaker valve; 20. inflation shroud ring; 21. contamination depositing trough; 22. seal ring; 23. auxiliary seal face; 24. elastic supporting member for supporting optical member; 25. auxiliary seal ring.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows first embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is the structure example of the permanent main shaft sealing device of device in the large-scale vertical Francis turbine.
As shown in the figure: top cover 2 tops in main shaft 1 periphery are fixed with stationary ring 3, are fixed with rotary seal ring 11 on main shaft 1, and device has by stationary seal ring 5 and the tracking type seal ring that constitutes after Shape-changeable ring 6 is connected between rotary seal ring 11 and stationary ring 3.Rotary seal ring 11 is made by stainless steel, and Shape-changeable ring 6 is made by rubber material, and stationary seal ring 5 is made by copper product.Sealing surface at stationary seal ring 5 is provided with silica gel plate seal ring 22 and contamination depositing trough 21.Assemble by tight requirement movingly between the radially primary sealing area 16 of seal ring 5 and seal ring 11.Outer surface at Shape-changeable ring 6 is provided with several support rings 14, and is fixing with shroud ring 17 respectively between Shape-changeable ring 6 and stationary ring 3 and the seal ring 5.Between top cover 2 and stationary ring 3, be provided with maintenance inflation shroud ring 20.
Because the two ends of main shaft of vertical water turbine are provided with flange, therefore each parts with this device all divide half to make and assembling, and wherein cylindrical shape rubber deformation ring 6 is to form by the rubber tube of three layers of opening is bonding.
When main shaft is on-stream when the radially wobbling of normal range (NR) occurring, because the influence that the tracking deformation performance of Shape-changeable ring makes seal clearance not radially wobbled by main shaft, primary sealing area can keep can keeping very tight seal clearance all the time when rotating flexibly thereby make radially; When main shaft is on-stream when the axial float of normal range (NR) occurring, 11 on rotary seal ring can freely slide up and down in stationary seal ring 5 with main shaft.
Water upwards pressure because the lower end of seal ring 5 will be under pressure, and therefore makes in the rubber material of Shape-changeable ring 6 to have added intensity line, produces tensile buckling to prevent Shape-changeable ring 6 under the effect of press water.
Fig. 2 shows first embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is the structure example of the permanent main shaft sealing device of another pattern of device in vertical shaft streaming water turbine.
As shown in the figure: be fixed with stationary ring 3 at casing 2 tops, the top of stationary ring 3 be fixed with stationary ring 3 ', stationary ring 3 ' in be equipped with stationary seal ring 11, and be provided with seal ring 22 and contamination depositing trough 21 at the sealing surface of stationary seal ring 11.Be fixed with swivel becket 4 on main shaft 1, device has by rotary seal ring 5 and the tracking type seal ring that constitutes after Shape-changeable ring 6 is connected between swivel becket 4 and stationary seal ring 11.Seal ring 5 is made by stainless steel, and Shape-changeable ring 6 is made by rubber material, and stationary seal ring 11 is also made by stainless steel.
Because the pressure of seal ring pressure water in two ends about in the of 5 is identical, so self there is not play phenomenon up and down in seal ring 5.
Fig. 3 shows the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment be the packing_seal with bulb through-flow turbine change into permanent main shaft sealing device the structure example.
As shown in the figure: be fixed with rotary seal ring 11 on main shaft 1, and rotary seal ring 11 is provided with the break-in ring 7 with taper water dumping face 8, casing 2 is provided with stationary ring 3 ' and stationary ring 3, stationary ring 3 ' and stationary ring 3 between be provided with maintenance with inflation shroud ring 20.Device has by stationary seal ring 5 and the tracking type seal ring that constitutes after Shape-changeable ring 6 is connected between rotary seal ring 11 and stationary ring 3.Stationary seal ring 5 and rotary seal ring 11 are provided with radially primary sealing area 16 and end face auxiliary seal face 23 and seal ring 22.Offer pollutant exhaust hole 12 in the bottom of Shape-changeable ring 6.Stationary ring 3 ' on device water collecting box 18 is arranged, its bottom is provided with weep hole.Between seal ring 5 and water collecting box 18, be provided with elastic supporting member for supporting optical member 24.
Because radially the pressure that leaks behind the primary sealing area 16 is very little, so seal ring 22 can heavy wear, and make end face auxiliary seal face can enter the seal operation state with the increase of hydraulic pressure.Elastic supporting member for supporting optical member 24 makes the state that radially reaches zerofriction force between primary sealing area.Pollutant exhaust hole 12 can in time be discharged dirts such as silt.Because the water yield that spills is very little, and the break-in ring can change to the direction of leaking the direction opposite with bearing fully, and will leak and get rid of the place ahead fully to break-in ring 7 waterexit ends, bring bearing 9 into after making the surface that to drop on rotatable parts all the time that leaks, therefore make bearing have reliable operating conditions.Leak to get rid of into water collecting box 18 and concentrate on its back, bottom and discharge by weep hole.
Fig. 4 shows the 4th embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is the structure example that the rubber flat plate sealing of horizontal Francis turbine is changed into permanent main shaft sealing device.
As shown in the figure: seal ring 5 is provided with auxiliary seal ring 25.Because of the diameter of main shaft 1 and seal ring 5 is very little, therefore elastic supporting member for supporting optical member is not set.Other structure of this device is identical with the 3rd implementation column.
Fig. 5 shows the 5th embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is the structure example of the permanent main shaft sealing device of installing in the brand-new horizontal Francis turbine of making.
As shown in the figure: be fixed with rotary seal ring 11 on main shaft 1, device has by rotary seal ring 5 and the tracking type seal ring that constitutes after Shape-changeable ring 6 is connected between rotary seal ring 11 and protecgulum 2, and Shape-changeable ring 6 is a conical in shape.On rotary seal ring 11, be fixed with break-in ring 7 with taper water dumping face 8.Protecgulum 2 is provided with water collecting box 18, and the bottom of water collecting box 18 is provided with weep hole and waste pipe 13 thereof.Main shaft 1 is supported by lubricated thin oil 10 lubricated radial-thrust bearings 9 by rotary seal ring 11 outsides, and protecgulum 2 is provided with vacuum breaker valve 19.
The Shape-changeable ring 6 of conical in shape can not be assembled silt in the ingress of sealing surface 16.When negative pressure occurring in the protecgulum 2 and be vacuum, after can in time mending air, 19 of vacuum breaker valves eliminate vacuum.
Since in this embodiment between main shaft 1 and the runner for key is connected, so all parts of this device are the full circle making and assemble.
Fig. 6 shows the 6th embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is the structure example of the permanent main shaft sealing device of another pattern of device in bulb through-flow turbine.
As shown in the figure: on main shaft 1, be fixed with rotary seal ring 11, and on rotary seal ring 11, be fixed with break-in ring 7, between casing 2 and stationary ring 3, be provided with maintenance inflation shroud ring 20.Device has by stationary seal ring 5 and the tracking type seal ring that constitutes after Shape-changeable ring 6 is connected between rotary seal ring 11 and stationary ring 3.Arranged outside at stationary ring 3 has water collecting box 18.
In this device, the area of water effect is bigger though Shape-changeable ring 6 is stressed, and the head of bulb through-flow turbine is very low, so Shape-changeable ring 6 pressures are little, and this structure can be dwindled the entire length size of this device.
Fig. 7,8,9, the 10th, the structure example of the various permanent main shaft sealing device that in the horizontal water turbine that moves production, is provided with.
As shown in Figure 7: offer tonifying Qi pollutant exhaust hole 12 in the bottom of stationary ring 3, tonifying Qi pollutant exhaust hole 12 is connected with waste pipe 13 and modulating valve thereof.
As shown in Figure 8: with the outer round surface of seal ring 5 and be arranged on tightly assembling between the internal circular surfaces of the rotary seal ring 11 in the break-in ring 7.
As shown in Figure 9: device has the tracking type seal ring that is made of Shape-changeable ring 6 and seal ring 5 between stationary ring 3 and rotary seal ring 11, and device has another group tracking type seal ring by Shape-changeable ring 6 ' and seal ring 5 ' constitute between seal ring 5 swivel beckets 4.
As shown in figure 10: there is the break-in ring 7 that is made of rubber seal ring at the cylindrical position that is positioned at casing 2 one sides at swivel becket 4 by pressure ring 15 devices with taper water dumping face 8, and the internal circular surfaces of break-in ring 7 is combined with the outer round surface of seal ring 5 is tight, thereby make break-in ring 7 when direction is leaked in change, make it have sealability.
More than each parts of each device all divide half to make and assembling, wherein the cylindrical shape Shape-changeable ring is that bonding or multilayer material is entwined by two layers of material.
The tonifying Qi pollutant exhaust hole can not only in time be discharged dirts such as silt, also can in time eliminate vacuum after the tonifying Qi in casing by the gap between stationary ring and main shaft.The current of discharging from this hole can directly be discharged machine room or are connected with draft tube by its waste pipe.
Claims (8)
1. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine, comprise casing (2), pass the main shaft (1) of casing, it is characterized in that: between casing (2) and main shaft (1), be provided with by Shape-changeable ring (6) the tracking type seal ring of back formation that is connected with seal ring (5), and radially primary sealing area (16) and end face auxiliary seal face (23) are set on seal ring (5).
2. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine according to claim 1, its feature also is: stationary ring (3) and/or stationary seal ring (11) are set on casing (2).
3. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine according to claim 1, its feature also is: swivel becket (4) and/or rotary seal ring (11) are set on main shaft.
4. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine according to claim 1, its feature also is: on the surface of Shape-changeable ring (6) support ring (14) is set.
5. according to claim 1, the permanent main shaft sealing device of 2 or 3 described water turbine, its feature also is: on seal ring (5) or the seal ring (11) that matches with it seal ring (22) and/or contamination depositing trough (21) are set.
6. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine according to claim 1 and 2, its feature also is: tonifying Qi pollutant exhaust hole (12) is offered in the bottom at the stationary ring (3) of horizontal type device or coupled Shape-changeable ring (6).
7. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine according to claim 1, its feature also is: elastic supporting member for supporting optical member (24) is set between seal ring horizontal type device and that remain static (5) and other static part.
8. the permanent main shaft sealing device of water turbine according to claim 3, its feature also is: set out water end (W.E.) towards casing and have the break-in ring (7) of taper water dumping face on the swivel becket (4) of horizontal type device or rotary seal ring (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105938547A CN102042152A (en) | 2010-08-14 | 2010-12-10 | Hydroturbine permanent spindle sealing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010258435.8 | 2010-08-14 | ||
| CN201010258435 | 2010-08-14 | ||
| CN2010105938547A CN102042152A (en) | 2010-08-14 | 2010-12-10 | Hydroturbine permanent spindle sealing device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102042152A true CN102042152A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105938547A Pending CN102042152A (en) | 2010-08-14 | 2010-12-10 | Hydroturbine permanent spindle sealing device |
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| CN (1) | CN102042152A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102506172A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-20 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Triangular air shroud ring sealing structure for hydroturbine |
| CN112324603A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-05 | 国家电网有限公司 | Water turbine main shaft sealing method |
-
2010
- 2010-12-10 CN CN2010105938547A patent/CN102042152A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102506172A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-20 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Triangular air shroud ring sealing structure for hydroturbine |
| CN112324603A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-05 | 国家电网有限公司 | Water turbine main shaft sealing method |
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Application publication date: 20110504 |