CN102041457A - Austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to austenitic stainless steel which is high in low temperature strength, low temperature toughness and low temperature non-magnetism as well as better in neutron irradiation resistance, can be used in a magnet support structure of a nuclear fusion reactor, and comprises the components by mass percent: 16.00-22.0% of Cr, 8.00-12.00% of Ni, 1.00-3.00% of Mo, 0.06-0.25% of N, 0.010-0.040% of C, 1.00-4.00% of Mn, less than or equal to 1.00% of Si, 0.01-0.10% of Nb, 0.01-0.10% of Ta, 0.030-0.10% of Co, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.0005-0.0018% of B, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; and furthermore, the value of Val (Cr-Ni) is less than 20.5, and Val (Cr-Ni)= 3* (Cr+Mo)+4.5*Si-2.8*Ni-1.4*Mn-84*(C+N).
Description
Technical field
Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention specifically, relates to a kind of austenitic stainless steel that can be used for the fusion reactor magnet support structure, and it has high low temperature intensity, low-temperature flexibility, anti-neutron irradiation performance that low temperature is nonmagnetic and good.
Background technology
The nuclear reactor that adopts mainly reacts by nuclear fission and obtains energy at present, when obtaining the energy, also have potentially dangerouss such as nuclear leakage, the uranium resources storage capacity that is used for fission reaction in addition is also very limited, can restrict the construction in enormous quantities of such nuclear-power reactor to a certain extent.Along with development of technology, carry out the fission reaction acquisition energy by refinement deuterium and tritium in the seawater and progressively enter research field, also begin to carry out exploratory research of nuclear fission and building industry heap type in the world.Magnet support structure in fission-type reactor heap type belongs to a key part, and these parts are applied under the 77k cold condition, and the ultimate temperature of material is required to be 4k.Owing to be strut member, need pressure-bearing, require material to have good low temperature intensity, want good anti-neutron irradiation performance and nonmagnetic energy in addition.Anti-neutron irradiation performance mainly guarantees by Composition Control, promptly guarantee stress corrosion its good anti-neutron irradiation environment under, by controlling the stability that big element cobalt in neutron-absorption cross-section and boron guarantees this material structure and the failure resistance of material by control niobium tantalum content.Nonmagnetic then not only to require material to have under the 77k static conditions nonmagnetic, also requires still have nonmagnetic energy behind the certain deflection of carrying under this temperature.
Austenitic stainless steel has been widely used in the preparation of fission-type reactor hot environment parts because it has good solidity to corrosion and mechanical property, annotates case, nuclear weary material storage and transportation apparatus and nuclear fuel pond as in-pile component, boron.Yet, present general 304L austenitic stainless steel, because it is the meta austenite structure, can't satisfy the nonmagnetic energy and the low-temperature performance requirement of nuclear reactor magnet support structure, though and the 316L austenitic stainless steel is the stable austenite tissue, but cause it to have certain magnetic owing to contain a little ferrite tissue, low carbon content then causes its undercapacity.
At present existing multinomial patent relates to the low temperature austenitic stainless steel, be mainly concerned with low temperature austenitic stainless steel peculiar to vessel, obtain high low temperature yield strength and good low-temperature impelling strength as US4675156 and the clear 60-9862 of TOHKEMY by the solid solubility that provides chromium, manganese content to increase nitrogen, but when gaining in strength, also improved its production difficulty, restive as inclusion in the smelting process, thermoplasticity is relatively poor, owing to do not contain molybdenum, its pitting resistance is also relatively poor simultaneously; Though the flat 2-97649 of TOHKEMY has obtained the low-temperature high-strength austenitic stainless steel by the heat processing technique adjustment, content of niobium is more, can not guarantee the anti-neutron irradiation performance of material, and its composition can not guarantee its nonmagnetic energy; US4568387 substitutes the part of nickel element by improving manganese content and nitrogen content, but it is a metastable austenite stainless steel, can't satisfy non-magnetic requirement; Though the clear 62-222048 of TOHKEMY improves low temperature intensity by the compound interpolation of niobium nitrogen, can't guarantee good anti-neutron irradiation performance and nonmagnetic energy.
This shows that the austenitic stainless steel that is provided in the prior art can't have high low temperature intensity, low-temperature flexibility, anti-neutron irradiation performance that low temperature is nonmagnetic and good concurrently, thereby can't satisfy the requirement of fusion reactor magnet support structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of austenitic stainless steel, it has high low temperature intensity, low-temperature flexibility, anti-neutron irradiation performance that low temperature is nonmagnetic and good, can be used for the fusion reactor magnet support structure.
Austenitic stainless steel provided by the present invention, its composition quality per-cent is:
Cr：16.00-22.0，
Ni：8.00-12.00，
Mo：1.00-3.00，
N：0.06-0.25，
C：0.010-0.040，
Mn：1.00-4.00，
Si：≤1.00，
Nb：0.01-0.10，
Ta：0.01-0.10，
Co：0.030-0.10，
P：≤0.03，
S：≤0.005，
B：0.0005-0.0018，
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and
Val
(Cr-Ni)Value is less than 20.5,
Described Val
(Cr-Ni)=3 * (Cr+Mo)+4.5 * Si-2.8 * Ni-1.4 * Mn-84 * (C+N).
Preferably, Mo content is 2-3%.
Preferably, Mn content is 1.5-3%.
Preferably, N content is 0.15-0.25%
Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention can adopt the conventional stainless steel mode of production, and comprising: electric furnace+AOD (argon oxygen decarburizing furnace) mode is smelted; Adopt the nitrogen pick-up of bottom blowing nitrogen to carry out nitrogen alloying; Rolling in 950-1250 ℃ of temperature range; In 1030-1200 ℃ of scope, carry out solution heat treatment; Pickling then.
Preferably, rolling temperature is at 1000-1200 ℃.
Preferably, solution heat treatment temperature is at 1050-1150 ℃.
The present invention is when guaranteeing the austenitic stainless steel low-temperature flexibility, improve its low temperature intensity by niobium tantalum and nitrogen complex intensifying, the elemental niobium, tantalum, cobalt and the boron that influence the anti-neutron irradiation performance of material by control guarantee the anti-neutron irradiation performance that it is good, guarantee the nonmagnetic energy of its low temperature by high temperature ferrite content in the control austenite and the stability that increases the austenite element.In the present invention, alloying constituent and content thereof specify as follows.
Carbon: carbon can increase the low temperature intensity of alloy by solution strengthening, but carbon content is too high, and carbide can be separated out and causes grain boundary corrosion performance and low-temperature performance to reduce at austenite grain boundary, and therefore controlling its content is 0.010-0.040%.
Nickel: nickel is strong austenite former, increase the stability that nickel content helps to improve austenite structure, but nickel too high levels, can reduce the solid solubility of carbon, cause the intergranular corrosion performance of steel to reduce, high in addition nickel content is unfavorable for the raising of material at low temperature intensity, and therefore controlling its content is 8.00-12.00%.
Chromium: chromium is ferrite former, can obviously increase the corrosion resistance nature of alloy, improves the nitrogen solubility in the austenitic stainless steel, obtains high low temperature intensity.But the chromium too high levels can cause in the austenite ferrite content to increase, and causes material to have magnetic, and can increase and harmfully separate out mutually, and therefore controlling its content is 16.00-22.00%.
Molybdenum: molybdenum is a ferrite former, add the pitting resistance that molybdenum can improve austenitic stainless steel in the austenitic stainless steel, can improve its low temperature intensity, can also stablize its austenite structure by solution strengthening, avoid producing strain-induced martensite, therefore controlling its content is 1.00-3.00%.
Manganese: increase the solid solubility that manganese content can improve nitrogen element in the austenitic stainless steel, but manganese too high levels, can cause austenitic stainless steel to be out of shape generation martensite at low temperatures, surpass 5% manganese content even can cause material to be cooled to produce martensitic transformation-196 ℃ of processes from room temperature, therefore controlling its content is 1.00-4.00%.
Nitrogen: nitrogen can obviously improve the low temperature intensity of austenitic stainless steel as strong austenite former, also can obviously not reduce its toughness when improving intensity; Nitrogen and niobium, tantalum interact in addition, can more obviously improve the strength of materials; But nitrogen content is too high, can cause a large amount of nitride to be separated out, and can reduce the low-temperature flexibility and the corrosion resistance nature of material again, and therefore controlling its content is 0.06-0.25%.
Niobium, tantalum: two kinds of elements all can obviously improve low temperature intensity in the austenitic stainless steel by solution strengthening, can avoid its intergranular corrosion by combining with carbon, but too high levels can cause caused anticorrosion stress-resistant degradation and low-temperature impact toughness decline under the radiation parameter, and therefore controlling its content is 0.01-0.10%.
Cobalt: cobalt easily causes the inefficacy of material under the neutron irradiation condition because its neutron-absorption cross-section is big, and therefore controlling its content is 0.030-0.10%.
Boron: add the grain-boundary strength that right amount of boron can improve austenitic stainless steel, help improving the low temperature intensity and the toughness of material, but boron is the big element in neutron-absorption cross-section, adds too much to cause the inefficacy of material under the neutron irradiation condition, and therefore controlling its content is 0.0005-0.0018%.
Silicon: the reductor in the steelmaking process, it exists inevitable, controls its content and is no more than 1.00%.
Sulphur, phosphorus: the impurity element in the alloy smelting process, too much phosphorus content can cause the reduction of its low-temperature flexibility, therefore is controlled to be and is no more than 0.03%; Sulphur can increase the hot crackability of austenitic stainless steel, and therefore the austenitic stainless steel of especially low ferrite content controls it as and be no more than 0.005%.
For guaranteeing austenitic stainless steel nonmagnetic under cold condition, the present invention also needs the content of control nickel equivalent forming element Ni, Mn, N, C and chromium equivalent forming element Cr, Si, Mo rationally, makes Val
(Cr-Ni)Value is less than 20.5.Val
(Cr-Ni)Be worth more for a short time, show that this austenitic stainless steel nickel equivalent is high more, promptly austenite structure is stable more in the process of deformation.Work as Val
(Cr-Ni)Be worth when big more, will there be the more amount ferrite content in such austenitic stainless steel, and material does not possess nonmagnetic and structure stability at low temperatures, and the unstable of austenite stainless structure of steel can cause strain-induced martensite occurring behind the material deformation, also can produce magnetic.
The present invention improves the low temperature intensity of austenitic stainless steel according to niobium tantalum and nitrogen complex intensifying, when improving intensity, taken into account its low-temperature flexibility, guarantee the anti-neutron irradiation performance that it is good by control niobium, tantalum, boron and cobalt contents simultaneously, by rationally determining the content of nickel equivalent forming element Ni, Mn, N, C and chromium equivalent forming element Cr, Si, Mo, the high temperature ferrite content in the control austenitic stainless steel guarantees that its low temperature and low temperature still have nonmagnetic energy after the distortion down.Austenitic stainless steel according to the present invention can be used for making the fusion reactor magnet support structure, for example is used to make plate, band, rod, pipe and wire rod etc.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The austenite stainless composition of steel sees Table 1, adopts electric furnace+AOD melting, is cast into continuously cast bloom, is rolled into the 30mm slab, is obtaining the austenite stainless steel plate material behind the annealing and pickling under 1080 ℃ of temperature.This sheet material has higher low temperature intensity, toughness, and nonmagnetic energy also has good anti-neutron irradiation performance, sees table 2 for details.The magnetic property of austenitic stainless steel is mainly weighed by measuring its magnetic permeability, just represents that when magnetic permeability is lower than 1.01 this material has nonmagnetic energy, and just represents that when magnetic permeability is higher than this value this material has certain magnetic, does not reach the requirement of nonmagnetic energy.Still having nonmagnetic under the 77k temperature behind the material deformation can be to weigh by carrying out measuring its magnetic property again after 2% the pre-sex change at low temperatures.Performance under 77k and the 4k temperature is by material being taken out after soaking 4 hours under this temperature, at room temperature measuring immediately then.Down together.
Embodiment 2
The austenite stainless composition of steel sees Table 1, adopts electric furnace+AOD melting, is cast into continuously cast bloom, is rolled into the 8mm roll bending, is obtaining the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled coil behind the annealing and pickling under 1080 ℃ of temperature.This sheet material has higher low temperature intensity, toughness, and nonmagnetic energy also has good anti-neutron irradiation performance, sees table 2 for details.
Embodiment 3
The austenite stainless composition of steel sees Table 1, adopts electric furnace+AOD melting, is cast into continuously cast bloom, and hot rolling, cold rolling one-tenth 1mm roll bending obtain the cold rolling roll bending of austenitic stainless steel behind annealing and pickling under 1080 ℃ of temperature.This sheet material has higher low temperature intensity, toughness, and nonmagnetic energy also has good anti-neutron irradiation performance, sees table 2 for details.
Embodiment 4
The austenite stainless composition of steel sees Table 1, adopts electric furnace+AOD melting, is cast into the die casting base, is rolled into the 80mm slab after the cogging, is obtaining the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled thick plank behind the annealing and pickling under 1080 ℃ of temperature.This slab has higher low temperature intensity, toughness, and nonmagnetic energy also has good anti-neutron irradiation performance, sees table 2 for details.
Comparative Examples
Comparative Examples 1 is conventional 304 steel grades, and Comparative Examples 2 is conventional 316L steel grade, and the austenite stainless composition of steel of Comparative Examples 3 is identical with the present invention, but Val
(Cr-Ni)Value is not in span of control of the present invention.As can be seen, the performance of Comparative Examples can not satisfy the requirement of making the nucleosynthesis magnet support from the performance tabulation.
Claims (7)
1. austenitic stainless steel, its composition quality per-cent is:
Cr：16.00-22.0，
Ni：8.00-12.00，
Mo：1.00-3.00，
N：0.06-0.25，
C：0.010-0.040，
Mn：1.00-4.00，
Si：≤1.00，
Nb：0.01-0.10，
Ta：0.01-0.10，
Co：0.030-0.10，
P：≤0.03，
S：≤0.005，
B：0.0005-0.0018，
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and
Val
(Cr-Ni)Value is less than 20.5,
Described Val
(Cr-Ni)=3 * (Cr+Mo)+4.5 * Si-2.8 * Ni-1.4 * Mn-84 * (C+N).
2. austenitic stainless steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein Mo content is 2-3%.
3. austenitic stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein Mn content is 1.5-3%.
4. as any one described austenitic stainless steel among the claim 1-3, wherein N content is 0.15-0.25%.
5. preparation is as the method for any one described austenitic stainless steel among the claim 1-4, and comprising: electric furnace and argon oxygen decarburizing furnace mode are smelted; Adopt the nitrogen pick-up of bottom blowing nitrogen to carry out nitrogen alloying; Rolling in 950-1250 ℃ of temperature range; In 1030-1200 ℃ of scope, carry out solution heat treatment; Pickling then.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein rolling temperature is at 1000-1200 ℃.
7. as claim 5 or 6 described methods, wherein solution heat treatment temperature is at 1050-1150 ℃.
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Cited By (15)
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| CN102312176A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding nitrogen into stainless steel used for thermonuclear fusion reactor |
| CN102312175A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing stainless steel plate used for thermonuclear fusion reactor |
| CN102534424A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Stainless steel, stainless steel wire for bridge pull sling as well as preparation methods and application thereof |
| CN103480975A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-01-01 | 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 | Manufacturing method of nuclear-grade austenitic stainless steel welding wire |
| CN104195458A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-12-10 | 东北大学 | Stainless steel hot rolled plate with low relative permeability and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105648360A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-06-08 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Hot rolling technique for heat-resistant niobium-contained austenitic stainless steel |
| CN106563889A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-04-19 | 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 | Fracturing-preventing corrosion resistance austenite stainless steel submerged-arc welding wire and production method thereof |
| CN107190212A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-22 | 中山铁王流体控制设备有限公司 | A kind of nonmagnetic austenitic stainless cast steel part |
| CN109554608A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | A kind of austenitic stainless steel and its manufacturing method of ultralow temperature function admirable |
| CN110520549A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-11-29 | 日铁不锈钢株式会社 | Austenite stainless steel thick steel plate and its manufacturing method |
| CN110923547A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 无锡市法兰锻造有限公司 | Chromium-nickel-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel flange for fast reactor nuclear power station and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110923726A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-03-27 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Production process of high-quality stainless steel medium plate for nuclear |
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| EP4029963A4 (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2024-04-17 | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology | Reduced-activation austenitic stainless steel containing tantalum and manufacturing method therefor |
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2009
- 2009-10-20 CN CN200910197419A patent/CN102041457B/en active Active
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| CN102312175A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing stainless steel plate used for thermonuclear fusion reactor |
| WO2013004057A1 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing stainless steel plate used for thermonuclear experimental reactor |
| CN102312176A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding nitrogen into stainless steel used for thermonuclear fusion reactor |
| CN102534424B (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2014-07-09 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Stainless steel, stainless steel wire for bridge pull sling as well as preparation methods and application thereof |
| CN102534424A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-07-04 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Stainless steel, stainless steel wire for bridge pull sling as well as preparation methods and application thereof |
| CN104919072B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2017-07-14 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Two phase stainless steel steel and two phase stainless steel steel pipe |
| CN104919072A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2015-09-16 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Duplex stainless steel material and duplex stainless steel pipe |
| CN103480975A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-01-01 | 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 | Manufacturing method of nuclear-grade austenitic stainless steel welding wire |
| CN104195458A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-12-10 | 东北大学 | Stainless steel hot rolled plate with low relative permeability and preparation method thereof |
| CN106563889A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-04-19 | 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 | Fracturing-preventing corrosion resistance austenite stainless steel submerged-arc welding wire and production method thereof |
| CN105648360A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-06-08 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Hot rolling technique for heat-resistant niobium-contained austenitic stainless steel |
| CN110520549B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-01-04 | 日铁不锈钢株式会社 | Thick austenitic stainless steel sheet and method for producing same |
| CN110520549A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-11-29 | 日铁不锈钢株式会社 | Austenite stainless steel thick steel plate and its manufacturing method |
| CN107190212A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-22 | 中山铁王流体控制设备有限公司 | A kind of nonmagnetic austenitic stainless cast steel part |
| CN109554608A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | A kind of austenitic stainless steel and its manufacturing method of ultralow temperature function admirable |
| CN110923726A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-03-27 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Production process of high-quality stainless steel medium plate for nuclear |
| CN110923547A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 无锡市法兰锻造有限公司 | Chromium-nickel-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel flange for fast reactor nuclear power station and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112391577A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 江阴市春瑞金属制品有限公司 | Pseudo-austenitic stainless spring steel wire and performance regulation and control method thereof |
| CN112391577B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-04-22 | 江阴市春瑞金属制品有限公司 | Pseudo-austenitic stainless spring steel wire and performance regulation and control method thereof |
| EP4029963A4 (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2024-04-17 | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology | Reduced-activation austenitic stainless steel containing tantalum and manufacturing method therefor |
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Effective date of registration: 20170220 Address after: 580 Baoshan District Changjiang Road, Shanghai, No. 200431 Patentee after: Baosteel Stainless Steel Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201900 Shanghai City, Mudanjiang Road No. 1813 South Patentee before: Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20190829 Address after: The Hong Kong Industrial Zone in Luoyuan Bay Development Zone of Luoyuan County of Fuzhou City, Fujian province 350600 Patentee after: Baosteel Desheng Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. Address before: 580 Baoshan District Changjiang Road, Shanghai, No. 200431 Patentee before: Baosteel Stainless Steel Co.,Ltd. |