CN102034218B - Method for embedding watermark into image file - Google Patents
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- CN102034218B CN102034218B CN201010574294A CN201010574294A CN102034218B CN 102034218 B CN102034218 B CN 102034218B CN 201010574294 A CN201010574294 A CN 201010574294A CN 201010574294 A CN201010574294 A CN 201010574294A CN 102034218 B CN102034218 B CN 102034218B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for embedding a watermark into an image file. The image file comprises a plurality of image blocks. The method comprises the following steps: selecting an image block, carrying out discrete cosine transformation on the selected image block to obtain matrix information, and dividing the matrix information region into a high-frequency region, a low-frequency region, a first intermediate-frequency region and a second intermediate-frequency region; totaling values in the first intermediate-frequency region to obtain the first intermediate-frequency value, and totaling values in the second intermediate-frequency region to obtain the second intermediate-frequency value; when the value of the image block corresponding to the watermark is ''1'', adjusting the information in the first intermediate-frequency region so that the first intermediate-frequency value is smaller than the second intermediate-frequency value; and when the value of the image block corresponding to the watermark is ''0'', adjusting the information in the second intermediate-frequency region so that the second intermediate-frequency value is smaller than the first intermediate-frequency value, thereby embedding the watermark into the image file. The method is mainly used for processing the information in the intermediate-frequency regions; and the invention can achieve the goal of embedding the watermark by adjusting less information, and can resist the influence of distorted compression failure due to image compression.
Description
Technical field
The present invention embeds the method for image archives about a kind of with watermark, particularly to the image archives after discrete cosine transform becomes the matrix data, adjustment intermediate frequency zone data embeds the method for watermark.
Background technology
Watermark in the protection of image archives, identify and alter and become tool potentiality and effective instrument in the checking.When watermark was embedded in the image archives, the user can't discover this numerical digit photograph and contain watermark; Falsely use this image archives as the people; Means such as utilization is cut out, convergent-divergent, geometry deformation, image compression or tone correspondence and when producing the copyright dispute of numerical digit photograph; In order to confirm the correctness of image archives; Be specific read means capable of using, take out and be hidden in the watermark in these image archives, to verify this image archives.For example, some shop can be come identification member's status with the granting of member card, but; Sometimes the member can forget to carry member card even lose member card, in management and carry also can follow all the more inconvenient, therefore can be when applying for into the member; Businessman takes pictures to the member with camera and produces image archives, these image archives is stored in the PC, through the specific watermark of running embedding businessman of PC; The image archives that embed watermark are stored on user's the hand-held device, and when the needs member verification, the member directly shows hand-held device and shows the image archives that embed watermark; Let the shop sift out watermark by PC then, verify, therefore with the scanning that camera or scanning machine carry out watermark; The shop is the simple management member system more, does not need extra cost to remove to make membership card.
Present newer numerical digit watermark method is mostly based on following these theoretical foundations, like cryptography, exhibition communication (Spread-Sprectrum Communication) frequently and noise theoretical (Noisy Theory).Technically, the numerical digit watermark can be expressed as a kind of noise pattern, then it is added in the original information.These are expressed as the watermark of " noise " or the position that it is added into; Yet possibly adopt diverse ways to appear on the implementation; For example in TaiWan, China patent TW545061, produce user documents (shipped with equipment) and embed watermark intensity, or behind the big block numerical operation of TaiWan, China patent TW200504617 exposure, embed watermark with movable type according to weight with random number; Said method all needs the computing of complicated and time consumption, expends hardware resource and operation time.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned technical matters, the present invention provides a kind of easy method can watermark be embedded in the image archives, the method that the present invention discloses; Watermark and image archives are stored in do image processing in the computer, the image archives are made up of a plurality of image blocks, and watermark is corresponding complete image archives in principle; In some cases; For reducing operation time, watermark also can select image archives partly to embed, and embeds the zone but must set in advance; Also must when taking out watermark, know the embedding zone of setting; Just have way to take out, this method is to be used for those to have correspondence to need to embed the zone of watermark, can be that whole image archives or settings embeds regional image archives.
The method that watermark is embedded the image archives that the present invention discloses comprises following steps.The image archives comprise a plurality of image blocks, in these image archives, select an image block.This image block of choosing is carried out discrete cosine transform become a matrix data.This matrix information data area is divided into high frequency region, low frequency range, first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone; Value in this first intermediate frequency zone of totalling is first intermediate frequency value, and the value in this second intermediate frequency zone of totalling is second intermediate frequency value.When this watermark when should the image area piece being 1, the data of adjusting in this first intermediate frequency zone makes this first intermediate frequency value less than this second intermediate frequency value; When this watermark when should the image area piece being 0, the data of adjusting in this second intermediate frequency zone makes this second intermediate frequency value less than this first intermediate frequency value.Repeat above-mentioned steps to all image blocks.
According to method of the present invention, the matrix data is the block matrices of N * N, and the block in the upper left corner is a lowest number, and the block in the lower right corner is maximum numbering, is begun to encode with the zigzag mode by the block in the upper left corner.
According to method of the present invention, include but not limited to that this matrix data is 8 * 8 block matrices, block is numbered m
0～m
63, the block in the upper left corner is numbered m
0, the block in the lower right corner is numbered m
63, wherein, low frequency range has the block of little numbering, and high frequency region has the block of big numbering, and first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone are to be divided equally by the block of numbering in the middle of the tool.
Further, this low frequency range comprises m
0, m
1, m
2, m
3, m
4, m
5Block, this high frequency region comprises m
58, m
59, m
60, m
61, m
62, m
63Block.
Perhaps further, this first intermediate frequency zone comprises m
6, m
7, m
12, m
13, m
14, m
15, m
16, m
17, m
24, m
25, m
26, m
27,m
28, m
29, m
30, m
31, m
40, m
41, m
42, m
43,m
44, m
45, m
52, m
53, m
54, m
55Block, this second intermediate frequency zone comprises m
8, m
9, m
10, m
11, m
18, m
19m
20, m
21, m
22, m
23, m
32, m
33,m
34, m
35, m
36, m
37, m
38, m
39, m
46, m
47, m
48,m
49, m
50, m
51, m
56, m
57Block.
Perhaps further, this first intermediate frequency zone comprises m
6, m
8, m
10, m
12, m
14, m
16, m
18, m
20, m
22, m
24, m
26, m
28,m
30, m
32, m
34, m
36, m
38, m
40, m
42, m
44,m
46, m
48, m
50, m
52, m
54, m
56Block, this second intermediate frequency zone comprises m
7, m
9, m
11, m
13, m
15, m
17m
19, m
21, m
23, m
25, m
27, m
29,m
31, m
33, m
35, m
37, m
39, m
41, m
43, m
45, m
47,m
49, m
51, m
53, m
55, m
57Block.
According to method of the present invention; When this watermark to should the image area piece being 1 and this first intermediate frequency value during greater than this second intermediate frequency value; Maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in this first intermediate frequency zone, up to making this first intermediate frequency value less than this second intermediate frequency value.
According to method of the present invention; When this watermark to should the image area piece being 0 and this second intermediate frequency value during greater than this first intermediate frequency value; Maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in this second intermediate frequency zone, up to making this second intermediate frequency value less than this first intermediate frequency value.
Also comprise according to method of the present invention: when this first intermediate frequency value and this second intermediate frequency value less than first threshold value, judge that this image block of choosing can't embed this watermark, selects other image blocks.
Further, when the image block counts that can't embed watermark exceeds second threshold value, reduce this first threshold value.
Through the present invention, can simplify the embedding step of watermark, and guarantee the ratio of the embedding image archives of watermark.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that cuts into high frequency region, low frequency range and intermediate frequency zone of matrix data of the present invention.
Fig. 2 converts the numbering synoptic diagram of 8x8 matrix data to for the image block cosine that looses.
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram of the embedding watermark of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, structure, characteristic and function thereof there are further understanding, cooperate embodiment to specify as follows now.
Method provided by the invention comprises the following step: A. becomes the matrix data by selecting an image block to carry out discrete cosine transform (DCT:discrete cosine transform) in the image archives, the corresponding watermark of each image block " 1 " or " 0 "; B. the matrix information data area is divided into high frequency region, low frequency range, first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone; We can know that the value that is in high frequency region is important more to the information of figure according to the algorithm of DCT; So we are in order to keep the quality of image archives, we can not change too many to the data of high frequency region, and low frequency range its value convergence 0 more rule of thumb; If change also can have significant impact to image quality to some extent; So in watermark algorithm of the present invention, we can get rid of high frequency region and low frequency range earlier, only first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone are processed; C. the value in totalling first intermediate frequency zone is first intermediate frequency value; D. the value in this second intermediate frequency zone of totalling is second intermediate frequency value; E. the image block when the watermark corresponding selection is " 1 " time, the data of adjusting in first intermediate frequency zone makes first intermediate frequency value less than second intermediate frequency value; And F. when the image block of this watermark corresponding selection is " 0 " time, the data of adjusting in second intermediate frequency zone makes second intermediate frequency value less than first intermediate frequency value.
Above-mentioned matrix data can be the block matrices of N * N, and N is the integer greater than 1, and the block in the upper left corner is a lowest number, and the block in the lower right corner is maximum numbering, is begun to encode with the zigzag mode by the block in the upper left corner.
Adjust the size of first intermediate frequency value or second intermediate frequency value; Can select the attenuating of the value of representative in first intermediate frequency zone or second intermediate frequency zone, or select partly that value lowers all and can produce effect with equalization, and in the present invention; Because the value near high frequency region is high than the value near low frequency range; The value that lowers this part is comparatively effectively and to change the scope of image block less, therefore, when this watermark to should the image area piece being " 1 " and first intermediate frequency value during greater than second intermediate frequency value; Maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in first intermediate frequency zone, up to making first intermediate frequency value less than second intermediate frequency value; When the corresponding image block of watermark be " 0 " and second intermediate frequency value during greater than first intermediate frequency value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the maximum of the numbering in second intermediate frequency zone and value, up to making second intermediate frequency value less than first intermediate frequency value.
Make the image quality variation in order to let image be unlikely to because revising the value in first intermediate frequency zone or second intermediate frequency zone; The present invention sets first threshold value in addition; When first intermediate frequency value and second intermediate frequency value less than first threshold value, judgement can't embed watermark, selects other image blocks.Main purpose is to guarantee at intermediate frequency zone enough image information are arranged, and leaves out even do part, and human eye can't identification.
Can't embed the situation of watermark; The probability that when practical operation, takes place is not high; If yet the image block that can't embed exceeds second threshold value, the present invention discloses in addition can optionally reduce by first threshold value, guarantees that most watermark can embed the image archives smoothly.
As shown in Figure 1 for to select an image block to carry out the formed matrix data of discrete cosine transform (DCT:discrete cosine transform) by the image archives; The matrix information data area is divided into high frequency region H1, low frequency range L1, the first intermediate frequency zone M1 and the second intermediate frequency zone M2; The cutting mode of the first intermediate frequency zone M1 and the second intermediate frequency zone M2 is for doing dividing equally of image block with intermediate frequency zone after getting rid of high frequency region H1 and low frequency range L1 in the present embodiment; Be to do with upper left diagonal line to divide equally in Fig. 1 to the bottom right; The present invention discloses in addition and divides equally with the numbering of intermediate frequency zone, for example, utilizes even-numbered and odd-numbered to distinguish the first intermediate frequency zone M1 and the second intermediate frequency zone M2.
As shown in Figure 2, generally when computing, the matrix data is the block matrices of 8x8, and the block in the upper left corner is numbering m
0, the block in the lower right corner is numbering m
63, begin to be encoding to the m in the lower right corner with zigzag (ZigZag) mode by the m0 block in the upper left corner
63Block, first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone are to be divided equally by the block of numbering in the middle of the tool.
For example: low frequency range L1 comprises m
0, m
1, m
2, m
3, m
4, m
5Block, high frequency region H1 comprises m
58, m
59, m
60, m
61, m
62, m
63In first embodiment, the first intermediate frequency zone M1 comprises m
6, m
7, m
12, m
13, m
14, m
15, m
16, m
17, m
24, m
25, m
26, m
27,m
28, m
29, m
30, m
31, m
40, m
41, m
42, m
43,m
44, m
45, m
52, m
53, m
54, m
55Block, the second intermediate frequency zone M2 comprises m
8, m
9, m
10, m
11, m
18, m
19m
20, m
21, m
22, m
23, m
32, m
33,m
34, m
35, m
36, m
37, m
38, m
39, m
46, m
47, m
48,m
49, m
50, m
51, m
56, m
57Block.In a second embodiment, the first intermediate frequency zone M1 comprises m
6, m
8, m
10, m
12, m
14, m
16, m
18, m
20, m
22, m
24, m
26, m
28,m
30, m
32, m
34, m
36, m
38, m
40, m
42, m
44,m
46, m
48, m
50, m
52, m
54, m
56Block, the second intermediate frequency zone M2 comprises m
7, m
9, m
11, m
13, m
15, m
17m
19, m
21, m
23, m
25, m
27, m
29,m
31, m
33, m
35, m
37, m
39, m
41, m
43, m
45, m
47,m
49, m
51, m
53, m
55, m
57Block.
What see also that Fig. 3 discloses this method one embodiment embeds the method for watermark to the image archives, comprises following steps.Step 301 selects an image block to carry out by the image archives.The image block of selecting is an image block of waiting to embed watermark, handles when all image blocks are selected, and represents watermark to embed, and this method is accomplished.Step 302, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) of selected image block being carried out 8x8 becomes the matrix data.Step 303 is divided into high frequency region, low frequency range, first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone with the matrix information data area, and the value in totalling first intermediate frequency zone is first intermediate frequency value, and the value in this second intermediate frequency zone of totalling is second intermediate frequency value.Step 304, when first intermediate frequency value and second intermediate frequency value all less than first threshold value, judge that selected image block can't embed watermark, select other image blocks, return step 301.Step 305, when the corresponding image block of watermark be " 1 " and first intermediate frequency value less than second intermediate frequency value (step 307), assert the corresponding image block embedding of watermark " 1 "; If first intermediate frequency value is not less than second intermediate frequency value, maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in first intermediate frequency zone, up to making first intermediate frequency value less than second intermediate frequency value (step 309); Same, in step 306, when the corresponding image block of watermark is " 0 " and second intermediate frequency value less than first intermediate frequency value (step 308); Assert when the corresponding image block embedding of watermark " 0 "; If second intermediate frequency value is not less than first intermediate frequency value, maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in second intermediate frequency zone, up to making second intermediate frequency value less than first intermediate frequency value (step 310); Behind the completing steps 307 or 308; Return step 301, continue to handle other image blocks, the image block of handling until needs all is processed and finishes.
Through the present invention, can simplify the embedding step of watermark, and guarantee the ratio of the embedding image archives of watermark, be fit to very much be applied on the mobile phone.Watermark embedding grammar main processing intermediate frequency zone data provided by the invention is adjusted less information and can be reached the purpose that watermark embeds, the influence that can resist image compression artefacts property fail in compression simultaneously.
The present invention is described by above-mentioned related embodiment, yet the foregoing description is merely the example of embodiment of the present invention.Must be pointed out that the embodiment that has disclosed does not limit scope of the present invention.On the contrary, change and retouching not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention to be done all belong to scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind embeds the method for image archives with watermark, and these image archives comprise a plurality of image blocks, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
In these image archives, select an image block;
This image block of choosing is carried out discrete cosine transform become a matrix data;
This matrix information data area is divided into high frequency region, low frequency range, first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone;
Value in this first intermediate frequency zone of totalling is first intermediate frequency value, and the value in this second intermediate frequency zone of totalling is second intermediate frequency value;
When this watermark when should the image area piece being 1, the data of adjusting in this first intermediate frequency zone makes this first intermediate frequency value less than this second intermediate frequency value;
When this watermark when should the image area piece being 0, the data of adjusting in this second intermediate frequency zone makes this second intermediate frequency value less than this first intermediate frequency value; And
Repeat above-mentioned steps to all image blocks.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this matrix data is the block matrices of N * N, and the block in the upper left corner is a lowest number, and the block in the lower right corner is maximum numbering, is begun to encode with the zigzag mode by the block in the upper left corner.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this matrix data is 8 * 8 block matrices, and block is numbered m
0～m
63, the block in the upper left corner is numbered m
0, the block in the lower right corner is numbered m
63, wherein, low frequency range has the block of little numbering, and high frequency region has the block of big numbering, and first intermediate frequency zone and second intermediate frequency zone are to be divided equally by the block of numbering in the middle of the tool;
Wherein, this first intermediate frequency zone comprises m
6, m
7, m
12, m
13, m
14, m
15, m
16, m
17, m
24, m
25, m
26, m
27, m
28, m
29, m
30, m
31, m
40, m
41, m
42, m
43, m
44, m
45, m
52, m
53, m
54, m
55Block, this second intermediate frequency zone comprises m
8, m
9, m
10, m
11, m
18, m
19, m
20, m
21, m
22, m
23, m
32, m
33, m
34, m
35, m
36, m
37, m
38, m
39, m
46, m
47, m
48, m
49, m
50, m
51, m
56, m
57Block; Perhaps
This first intermediate frequency zone comprises m
6, m
8, m
10, m
12, m
14, m
16, m
18, m
20, m
22, m
24, m
26, m
28, m
30, m
32, m
34, m
36, m
38, m
40, m
42, m
44, m
46, m
48, m
50, m
52, m
54, m
56Block, this second intermediate frequency zone comprises m
7, m
9, m
11, m
13, m
15, m
17, m
19, m
21, m
23, m
25, m
27, m
29, m
31, m
33, m
35, m
37, m
39, m
41, m
43, m
45, m
47, m
49, m
51, m
53, m
55, m
57Block.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that this low frequency range comprises m
0, m
1, m
2, m
3, m
4, m
5Block, this high frequency region comprises m
58, m
59, m
60, m
61, m
62, m
63Block.
5. method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; When this watermark to should the image area piece being 1 and this first intermediate frequency value during greater than this second intermediate frequency value, maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in this first intermediate frequency zone, up to making this first intermediate frequency value less than this second intermediate frequency value.
6. method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; When this watermark to should the image area piece being 0 and this second intermediate frequency value during greater than this first intermediate frequency value, maximum and value is not that 0 block is made as 0 with the numbering in this second intermediate frequency zone, up to making this second intermediate frequency value less than this first intermediate frequency value.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising: when this first intermediate frequency value and this second intermediate frequency value less than first threshold value, judge that this image block of choosing can't embed this watermark, selects other image blocks.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, when the image block counts that can't embed watermark exceeds second threshold value, reduces this first threshold value.
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| TW201413637A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-01 | Taiwan Secom Co Ltd | Method for embedding and extracting digital watermarks |
| TWI512671B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-12-11 | Univ Yuan Ze | Method for hidding visible data |
| TWI796265B (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-03-11 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Display apparatus and image displaying method |
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| CN1516005A (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-28 | 财团法人资讯工业策进会 | Protection of digital image copyright and authentication method |
| TW200504617A (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Watermark embedding method based on the feature of DCT sub-band image |
| US20090080693A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic watermark embedding apparatus and electronic watermark embedding method |
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| JP2009182853A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Toshiba Corp | Image control system using electronic transparency |
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| CN1516005A (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-28 | 财团法人资讯工业策进会 | Protection of digital image copyright and authentication method |
| TW200504617A (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Watermark embedding method based on the feature of DCT sub-band image |
| US20090080693A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic watermark embedding apparatus and electronic watermark embedding method |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121024 Termination date: 20131206 |