CN102031162A - 一种生物甲醇柴油 - Google Patents

一种生物甲醇柴油 Download PDF

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CN102031162A
CN102031162A CN2010106145487A CN201010614548A CN102031162A CN 102031162 A CN102031162 A CN 102031162A CN 2010106145487 A CN2010106145487 A CN 2010106145487A CN 201010614548 A CN201010614548 A CN 201010614548A CN 102031162 A CN102031162 A CN 102031162A
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biological
biological methanol
diesel
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diesel oil
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韩德民
雷菊花
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种生物甲醇柴油,其组分及其质量百分比含量为:改性植物油:40%~90%;生物甲醇:10%~45%;乙醇0%~30%,在常温常压下混合搅拌均匀即可。本发明工艺简单,成本低廉,无污染,经在柴油发动机上测试,排放可满足欧洲3号标准要求,而且将改性植物油和乙醇的总比例控制在60%以上,就可在现有柴油发动机上直接应用,不添加石化柴油。本发明对节能减排,减少CO2排放。从而彻底摆脱了对石油的依赖,对生物质能源,再生能源的发展道路具有重要的现实意义。

Description

一种生物甲醇柴油 
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生物甲醇柴油及其制备方法,尤其是一种生物质甲醇柴油。 
技术背景
甲醇已破公认为内燃机的一种有前途的、清洁的代用燃料。柴油机燃用甲醇的方法有两种:甲醇一柴油混合燃料和纯甲醇燃料,而后者需要改造发动机,这就使甲醇一柴油混合燃料成为一种既可节约石油资源又能降低空气污染的简单而有效的方法。 
柴油掺烧甲醇一般采用乳化的方法配制,乳化燃料的历史效长:20世纪40年代出现,60年代开始对柴油一水乳化燃料进行广泛研究,90年代国内外学者开始研究柴油一甲醇和柴油一甲醇一水乳化燃料。如CN1405278和CN1410514就是有关柴油一水乳化燃料的专利,CN1339576和CN1428405就是有关柴油一甲醇一水乳化的专利。虽然比较稳定的柴油一甲醇乳化燃料现在已经可以配制应用,但是乳化液在热力学上是一个不稳定的体系,况且乳化剂用量大的问题以及乳化液对水的繁感性问题(遇水就分层),直至现在还没有被很完美地解决,以至于柴油一甲醇乳化燃料到目前还没有推广应用。而且柴油一甲醇乳化燃料中含有大量的石油柴油,还是没有从根本摆脱对石油柴油的依赖。 
生物柴油已被公认为一种典型的“生物质再生能源”,被认为是石油柴油的最适合的替代品。但是,生物柴油的原料为动物油脂,单是动植物油脂的价格就比石油柴油的价格高许多。因此,生物柴油作为石油柴油替代品在 经济上还不可行。若参照上述柴油一甲醇乳化燃料的做法,将生物柴油和甲醇通过乳化剂配制成乳化燃料;则还会存在同柴油一甲醇乳化燃料同样的弊端。 
经在柴油发动机上测试尾气排放可满足欧洲3号标准要求;若将改性生植物油和乙醇的比例控制在60%以上时,不对现行柴油发动机做任何改动,而且不需要对配入生物甲醇的改性植物油再添加任何其它助剂如十六烷值促进剂等,就可直接正常地使用。 
从文献看,除本发明专利持有人外,在国内外现在还没有人,对植物油进行化学改性,并且在改性植物油中大量地加入生物甲醇等低成本的含氧燃料,以降低生物甲醇柴油的成本的工作。 
发明内容
本发明需要解决的问题是利用生物而低成本的甲醇等含氧燃料,在不加任何助剂的条件下,大量地加入生植物油中,并且满足改性植物油做为柴油的燃料性能的同时,最大程度地降低甲醇的使用成本的,其目的是提供一种低成本的生物甲醇柴油。 
本发明一种生物甲醇柴油,其组分及其质量百比含量为:改性生物柴油:40%-90%:生物甲醇:10%-45%:乙醇:0%~30%; 
本发明生物甲醇柴油的一种制备方法,该方法是在常温常压下,按改性植物油40%~90%;生物甲醇10%~45%;乙醇0%~30%加入搅拌容器中,搅拌1~3分钟,即得目标产物生物甲醇柴油 
本发明通实现上述技术方案,不仅解决了本发明所提出的问题以及要达到的目的,而且本发明的技术方案具有实质性的持点和显著的进步在于; 
(1)制备过程中对原料的加入顺序没有要求,原料加入后只需搅拌即可,工艺简单,易于控制,生产成本极低廉。 
(2)所用生物甲醇和改性植物油均可不从石油原料制得,从而可彻底摆脱对石油柴油的依赖,并且由于低价格含氧燃料甲醇的大量加入,很大程度降低了生物甲醇柴油的使用成本,有利于生物甲醇柴油的普及推广应用。 
(3)本发明所配制的生物甲醇柴油的另一大优点是对水的繁感性很弱,克服了石化柴油一甲醇乳化燃料对水极端繁感的致命缺点,这使本发明所配制的生物甲醇柴油对储存、运输和实际应用的外界条件的要求较为宽松,易于被推扩使用。 
(4)经在柴油发动机上测试,尾气排放可满足欧洲3号标准要求;若将改性植物油和生物甲醇的总比例控制在90%以上时,不对现行柴油发动机做任何改动,而且不需再添加任何其它助剂如十六烷值促进剂等,就可直接正常地使用。 
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作出进一步地详细说明。 
由于甲醇含量超过45%时,现行柴油机在不进行任何改造的情况下不能够正常运转、因此,在下面的实施例中,没有涉及到甲醇含量超过45%的实施例。 
实施例1 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入500g的改性植物油和400g的生物甲醇100g乙醇,同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为31kJ/g。 
经台架试验表明,在不改变柴油结构的情况下柴油机运行平稳,最大油门时也未出现黑烟,排放完全满足欧洲3号标准。 
实施例2 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入650g的改性植物油和300g的生物甲醇,50g的乙醇,同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为32kJ/g。 
台架试验结果同实施例1。 
实施例3 
台架试验结果同实施例1。 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入750g的改性植物油和200g的生物甲醇,50g的乙醇,同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为34kJ/g。 
实施例4 
台架试验结果同实施例1。 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入500g的改性植物油、150g的石化柴油和350g的生物甲醇,同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为33kJ/g 
实施例5 
台架试验结果同实施例1。 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入500g的改性植物油、200g的石化柴油和300g的生物甲醇,同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为34kJ/g。 
实施例6 
台架试验结果同实施例1 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入500g的改性植物油、200g的石化柴油和250g的生物甲醇,50g乙醇同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为35kJ/g。 
实施例7 
台架试验结果同实施例1 
在1000ml的烧杯中依次加入500g的改性生物柴油、200g的石化柴油和200g的生物甲醇,100g乙醇同时用玻璃棒进行搅拌1~3分钟、可得生物甲醇柴油1000g,热值为36kJ/g。 

Claims (3)

1.一种生物甲醇柴油。其组分及其质量百分比含量如下:
组分              含量
改性植物油:      40%~90%;
生物甲醇:        10%~45%
乙醇:            0%~10%。
2.一种用于权利要求1所述生物甲醇柴油的制备方法,该方法是常温常压下,按改性植物油40%~90%;生物甲醇10%~45%;乙醇0%~30%加入搅拌容器中,搅拌1~3分钟,即得目标产物生物甲醇柴油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物甲醇柴油的制备方法,其持征是:所述的乙醇为99%以上的燃料乙醇。
CN2010106145487A 2010-12-30 2010-12-30 一种生物甲醇柴油 Pending CN102031162A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105219449A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2016-01-06 雷菊花 一种生物质低碳柴油

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US20050132642A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-06-23 Purdue Research Foundation Heating fuel blend
CN100410353C (zh) * 2006-07-11 2008-08-13 广东工业大学 一种乙醇柴油混合燃料
CN101082003A (zh) * 2007-06-04 2007-12-05 王承东 环保生物柴油及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105219449A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2016-01-06 雷菊花 一种生物质低碳柴油

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