CN102029225A - Method for separating feldspar and quartz by two stages of mixing and flotation - Google Patents
Method for separating feldspar and quartz by two stages of mixing and flotation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102029225A CN102029225A CN 201010289973 CN201010289973A CN102029225A CN 102029225 A CN102029225 A CN 102029225A CN 201010289973 CN201010289973 CN 201010289973 CN 201010289973 A CN201010289973 A CN 201010289973A CN 102029225 A CN102029225 A CN 102029225A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating feldspar and quartz by two stages of mixing and flotation. The method comprises steps of desliming, surface treatment, mixing, flotation and dehydration of raw sand in turn, wherein the feldspar and quartz are separated by flotation. The mixing is divided into two stages of activator mixing (the first stage of mixing) and flotation mixing (the second stage of mixing). Defluorination process and fluorine reduction process are performed in turn after the activator mixing. High-fluorine content water containing an activator obtained by defluorination process is returned to the step of first stage of activator mixing for circulation. The water (flotation wastewater) obtained by dehydrating feldspar and quartz after flotation is returned to the step of second stage of flotation mixing and the flotation step for circulation. Through the invention, the separability of feldspar and quartz is higher than that of the traditional hydrofluoric acid flotation method, the quartz and feldspar can be obtained, the use amount of the activator and a collector can be reduced as well, and the production cost is lowered. Most importantly, the environmental pollution caused by the traditional hydrofluoric acid flotation method is eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods, it is a kind of beneficiation new process of hydrofluoric acid method flotation silica sand, be applicable to the flotation that contains the feldspar silica sand, feldspar is separated well with quartz, thereby produce high-quality quartz and two kinds of products of feldspar.Eliminated in the beneficiation wastewater fluorine ion simultaneously to the pollution of environment.
Background technology
Flotation is to separate the effective method contain the feldspar silica sand.Floatation for separating feldspar, quartz have two kinds of methods in the world at present: hydrofluoric acid floatation and floride-free floatation.
The hydrofluoric acid floatation is made the activator of feldspar of hydrofluoric acid or fluoride.Traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation is that activator, adjustment agent, collecting agent are added in the floatation system together and size mixing, flotation in acid ore pulp (referring to Fig. 1) then.The sorting of the feldspar of this method and quartz is good, can obtain quality quartz sand and feldspar product preferably.But because of activator directly is added to floatation system, there are a large amount of unnecessary activators in the ore pulp, make and contain a large amount of fluorine ions in the flotation waste water.Beneficiation wastewater directly effluxes and can produce pollution to environment, as discharging again after flotation waste water is handled, because of the wastewater flow rate of handling has increased production cost greatly.Therefore limited the application of this method.
Floride-free floatation is invented for solving hydrofluoric acid method environmental pollution.Therefore this method has solved the pollution problem of hydrofluoric acid method fluorine ion to environment without hydrofluoric acid.But the sorting of the feldspar of this method, quartz is good not as the hydrofluoric acid method, generally can only obtain a kind of product of quartz sand, and feldspar can not be in industrial utilization.Add big, the medicament price height of dosing, the price that causes industrial production to be difficult to bear flotation quartz sand has influenced the promotion and application of the floride-free floatation of silica sand.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods, and the beneficiation wastewater treating capacity that existing hydrofluoric acid floatation exists is big, production cost is high, can produce pollution problems to environment to solve; The sorting that also can solve simultaneously the feldspar quartz that existing floride-free floatation exists bad (generally can only obtain a kind of product of quartz sand, feldspar can not in industrial utilization), dosing cause the high problem of production cost greatly.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods, comprise successively desliming processing, surface treatment, size mixing roughing sand, flotation and dehydration, it is characterized in that, described sizing mixing is divided into that activator is sized mixing and flotation is sized mixing two stages, carries out defluorinate successively and handle and fall fluorine and handle after activator is sized mixing; Handle the isolated water that contains activator in back through defluorinate and return the activator step cycle use of sizing mixing; Isolating feldspar and the quartzy water of deviating from after described flotation turns back to size mixing step and flotation step of flotation and recycles.
The pulp density that described activator is sized mixing is 50～65%, and the activator of employing is a hydrofluoric acid, and consumption is 1～3 kilogram of/ton sand, joins activator in the ore pulp and stirs 4～8 minutes, activator is dissolved in the ore pulp and with the mineral grain surface action.
Before described activator is sized mixing earlier with vacuum filter with pulp dewatering to moisture 5～8%.
The method that described defluorinate is handled be with vacuum filter to containing the pulp dewatering of high-fluorine water, make the high-fluorine water content in the ore pulp drop to 5～8%.
Described operating process of falling the fluorine processing is: add when mixing ore pulp with tank diameter and fall the fluorine medicament, the concentration of ore pulp is 50～70% at this moment, fall the fluorine medicament and adopt aluminum sulfate, its consumption is at 0.32～0.75kg/ ton sand, in 6～20 minutes processing times, the content of fluorine ion is reduced to below the 3mg/l in falling the ore pulp after fluorine is handled.
The concentration that described flotation is sized mixing is 50～65%, and the adjustment agent of using is sulfuric acid, and its consumption is 2～3 kilograms of/ton sand; The flotation agent that uses is the cationic amines collecting agent, and consumption is at 200～500g/ ton sand, and the time of sizing mixing is 6 minutes.
Advantage of the present invention is: with original once size mixing be divided into two the step carry out, promptly activator is not added to floatation system with adjusting agent and flotation agent, but before flotation earlier with activator size mixing (sizing mixing for first section), deviate to carry out flotation again behind the unnecessary activator and size mixing (sizing mixing for second section), carry out flotation then.Like this, activator and feldspar particle are fully acted on, improved feldspar and quartzy sorting; Deviate from behind the unnecessary activator that the content of fluorine ion drops to below the 3mg/l in the flotation pulp, add the water circulation use that floating product is deviate from, water base of containing medicament do not effluxed, eliminated of the pollution problem of traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation environment.。The high fluorinated water that first section thick slurry deviate from recycles the consumption that also can reduce activator.Feldspar of the present invention, quartzy sorting are better than traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation, can obtain quartzy and two kinds of products of feldspar, can also reduce the consumption of activator and collecting agent simultaneously, have reduced production cost.The most important thing is to eliminate of the pollution problem of traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation to environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation;
Fig. 2 is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, the present invention is a kind of two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods, its technological process is: at first use routine techniques successively roughing sand to be carried out a desliming, surface treatment and secondary desliming and handle, carry out successively then that activator is sized mixing (sizing mixing for first section), defluorinate is handled, fall that fluorine is handled, flotation is sized mixing (sizing mixing for second section), carry out flotation with routine techniques at last, feldspar is separated with quartz, promptly obtain feldspar and quartzy two kinds of products.The isolated water that contains activator turns back to first section step cycle use of sizing mixing after defluorinate is handled.Separating feldspar and the quartzy water of deviating from (flotation waste water) return second section size mixing step and flotation step and recycle.
Described surface treatment can be carried out ore grinding with the swaging machine scouring or with rod mill according to the character of mineral, mainly makes mineral grain produce unsalted surface, is beneficial to particle and has an effect with medicament.
Spiral classifier is generally adopted in described desliming operation.The good more then flotation effect of desliming effect is good more.
The pulp density of first section size mixing (activator is sized mixing) is in the weight ratio of 50～65%[sand and ore pulp, i.e. { sand/(sand+water) }, ore pulp is sand+water], in ore pulp, add activator (hydrofluoric acid), the general consumption of hydrofluoric acid is 1～3 kilogram of/ton sand, this moment ore pulp in content of fluoride ion 200～500mg/l water (consumption according to hydrofluoric acid changes).Size mixing 4～8 minutes (stirring) time, so that mineral and medicament fully act on.
Defluorinate is handled with vacuum filter and is deviate from high-fluorine water in the ore pulp, makes the content of high-fluorine water drop to 5～8%.The high-fluorine water of deviating from can be recycled.
Can also (promptly handle the back in described secondary desliming) before first section is sized mixing dewaters ore in sand form to moisture 5～8% with vacuum filter earlier, reduce the fluorine concentration that water content can improve the fluorinated water after defluorinate is handled, improve the effect that recycles, reduce processing cost.
Falling the fluorine processing is to add when mixing ore pulp with tank diameter to fall the fluorine medicament, and the concentration of ore pulp is in 50～70% (weight ratios of sand and ore pulp) at this moment.Falling the fluorine medicament is aluminum sulfate, consumption 0.32～0.75g/ ton sand, 6～20 minutes processing times.The content of fluorine ion is reduced to below the 3mg/l in the ore pulp at this moment.
The dehydration reagent removal is handled and is adopted general silica sand dehydration equipment, available spiral classifier, also available desliming bucket.Because the content of fluorine ion has dropped to below the 3mg/l in this moment ore pulp, dehydration reaches in the ore pulp moisture 15% and gets final product.The water of deviating from can directly discharge, and discharge capacity significantly reduces (only for traditional method 1/5～1/8) than traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation.Because it is few to fall the water yield of fluorine processing, dosing significantly reduces, thereby has also reduced production cost.
Second section concentration of sizing mixing is still in 50～65% (weight ratios of sand and ore pulp), so that ore particle and medicament fully act on.Second section medicament that uses of sizing mixing is adjustment agent and collecting agent, and this adjustment agent and collecting agent are respectively sulfuric acid and cationic amines collecting agent.The consumption of sulfuric acid is 2～3 kilograms of/ton sand, the cationic amines collector dosage is 200～～500g/ ton sand (by the decision of the feldspar content in the silica sand).
Entire production process of the present invention (except that flotation) is all carried out at normal temperatures, and slurry temperature requires more than 16 ℃ when being flotation.
Size mixing identically with conventional method with the second section used equipment of sizing mixing for first section, be and made the antiseptic tube of sizing mixing, the flotation device that flotation operation is used is also identical with conventional method.Defluorinate is handled and has been selected vacuum filter for use, to guarantee that water content drops to below 8% in the ore pulp of dehydration back.Thereby guarantee that the high-fluorine water of deviating from can sealing and circulating use.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the sorting of feldspar, quartz is good.
Sizing mixing for two sections fully acts on activator and feldspar particle, has improved feldspar and quartzy sorting, only just can obtain to satisfy quartz sand product and the feldspar product that industrial production requires through one roughing.SiO in the quartz sand
2＞98.5%, Al
2O
3＜1.0%, Fe
2O
3＜0.10%; Al in the feldspar
2O
3＞16.00%, Fe
2O
3＜0.30%.
2. content of fluoride ion is low in the beneficiation wastewater, has solved the problem of fluoride ion beneficiation wastewater environmental pollution.
The amount ratio consumption of activator is much bigger in the lip-deep amount of feldspar during flotation, otherwise can not play activation.Therefore.Content of fluoride ion height in the flotation pulp.Size mixing for two sections activator unnecessary in the ore pulp is deviate from, make activation dosage unnecessary in the floatation system seldom.Therefore, content of fluoride ion can drop to below the 3.0mg/ liter in the beneficiation wastewater., reached the requirement of industrial wastewater discharge standard.Because flotation waste water recycles, and does not efflux substantially, the content of fluoride ion of the waste water of ore dressing plant discharge is dropped to below the 3.0mg/ liter.
3. the floating agent consumption is few, and the flotation cost is low.
The high-fluorine water of deviating from recycles because activator is sized mixing, and two sections activator levels of sizing mixing can reduce half than traditional hydrofluoric acid method; The consumption of collecting agent also reduces about 1/3 than traditional hydrofluoric acid method.In silica sand flotation production cost, medicament expense accounts for large percentage.Therefore, the consumption of minimizing activator and collecting agent just greatly reduces the production cost of silica sand flotation
Theoretical foundation of the present invention: prior art has following several explanation to the mechanism of hydrofluoric acid floatation activation feldspar:
1. because unbodied dissolving, the feldspar particle surface is become has cleaned, like this could with the amine collector complexing, make feldspar particle come-up;
2. in solution, generate SiF
-2, SiF
-2Be adsorbed on the Al of feldspar particle surface
+++On, again with the amine collector complexing, make feldspar particle come-up;
3. in solution, generate SiF
-2, SiF
-2Generate complex compound with the amine complexing earlier, this complex compound is adsorbed on the Al of feldspar particle surface
+++On, make feldspar particle come-up;
4. generate electronegative aluminium fluoro complex at the feldspar mineral surfaces, the aluminium fluoro complex again with the amine collector complexing, make feldspar particle come-up;
The present inventor has carried out great deal of experimental to above-mentioned mechanism.Mechanism 3 explanation activators must could make the feldspar come-up with the feldspar effect with the collecting agent complexing earlier again.The activity of mechanism 1,2,4 explanation feldspars is irrelevant with collecting agent, be after fluorine ion changes the character of feldspar particle surface just with the amine collector complexing, the feldspar particle is floated.Though the explanation of mechanism 2,3 is different, fluorine ion is generated SiF
-2Viewpoint be consistent.The inventor confirms that by a large amount of verification experimental verifications the activating mechanism 2 of hydrofluoric acid floatation feldspar is more approaching with actual specific, SiF
-2Be adsorbed on the Al of feldspar particle surface
+++On again with the amine complexing, make feldspar particle come-up.Therefore, size mixing for two sections and can deviate from unnecessary activator earlier, size mixing with adjustment agent, collecting agent then, carry out flotation again.Find that by great deal of experimental two sections reagent removals of sizing mixing are clean more, feldspar is good more with quartzy sorting, and the consumption of collecting agent is also few more.This main effect that has also proved feldspar particle come-up is above-mentioned mechanism 2.
Experimental study to traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation finds that activator level calculates to consume than theory and much could play activation greatly in the lip-deep amount of feldspar.When adopting hydrofluoric acid to make activator, consumption must reach 1.02.5Kg/
The T silica sandWhen consumption is 1.5Kg/
TThe time, test records that content of fluoride ion is 300-400mg/ liter (the assay gained result's of test of many times a scope) in the flotation pulp.And calculate from theory, if add the hydrofluoric acid of this amount all molten in the flotation pulp not with the feldspar effect, the content of fluoride ion in the ore pulp should be 900.00mg (activation processing pulp density 50%).The assay presentation of results has only the fluorine ion about 1/2 to be adsorbed on the feldspar surface, and remaining fluorine ion is all in ore pulp.Collecting agent can with the SiF in the flotation pulp
-2Complexing, again can with the lip-deep SiF of feldspar
-2Complexing.Therefore, some collecting agent of traditional hydrofluoric acid floatation consumes the SiF in flotation pulp
-2On, collector dosage is bigger than this method.
With the present invention the somewhere is contained the feldspar silica sand and carry out repeatedly float test, all obtained result of the test preferably.Now list as follows through the result of the test of one roughing gained.
1 roughing sand chemical analysis: SiO
290.64%
Al
2O
3?5.01％，
Fe
2O
3?0.33％。
2. washed ore index after two sections flotation of sizing mixing:
Quartz sand: to raw ore productive rate 73.13%;
Chemical analysis is SiO
298.1%, Al
2O
31.08%
Fe
2O
3?0.10％。
Feldspar: to raw ore productive rate 21.0%;
Chemical analysis is Al
2O
317.19%,
Fe
2O
30.25% (after the feldspar magnetic separation).
3. content of fluoride ion in the waste water: content of fluoride ion 3.0mg/l in the flotation pulp; The content of fluoride ion 2.0mg/l in the waste water is discharged in the ore dressing plant.
4. floating agent consumption:
Activator: 1.0Kg/
T sand
Collecting agent: 0.20Kg/
T sand
Claims (6)
1. one kind two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods, comprise successively desliming processing, surface treatment, size mixing roughing sand, flotation and dehydration, it is characterized in that, described sizing mixing is divided into that activator is sized mixing and flotation is sized mixing two stages, carries out defluorinate successively and handle and fall fluorine and handle after activator is sized mixing; Handle the isolated water that contains activator in back through defluorinate and return the activator step cycle use of sizing mixing; Isolating feldspar and the quartzy water of deviating from after described flotation turns back to size mixing step and flotation step of flotation and recycles.
2. two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pulp density that described activator is sized mixing is 50～65%, the activator that adopts is a hydrofluoric acid, consumption is 1～3 kilogram of/ton sand, join activator in the ore pulp and stirred 4～8 minutes, activator is dissolved in the ore pulp and with the mineral grain surface action.
3. two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described activator is sized mixing before earlier with vacuum filter with pulp dewatering extremely moisture 5～8%.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods, it is characterized in that, the method that described defluorinate is handled be with vacuum filter to containing the pulp dewatering of high-fluorine water, make the high-fluorine water content in the ore pulp drop to 5～8%.
5. two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described operating process of falling the fluorine processing is: add when mixing ore pulp with tank diameter and fall the fluorine medicament, the concentration of ore pulp is 50～70% at this moment, fall the fluorine medicament and adopt aluminum sulfate, its consumption is at 0.32～0.75kg/ ton sand, and in 6～20 minutes processing times, the content of fluorine ion is reduced to below the 3mg/l in falling the ore pulp after fluorine is handled.
6. two sections size mixing floatation for separating feldspar and quartzy methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that the concentration that described flotation is sized mixing is 50～65%, and the adjustment agent of using is sulfuric acid, and its consumption is 2～3 kilograms of/ton sand; The flotation agent that uses is the cationic amines collecting agent, and consumption is at 200～500g/ ton sand, and the time of sizing mixing is 6 minutes.
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| CN102441496A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-05-09 | 中科翔（天津）科技有限公司 | Method for selecting potassium feldspars in potassium-bearing tailings |
| CN102600983A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-07-25 | 徐霖 | Method for powerful scrubbing flotation separation of feldspar and quartz |
| CN103111364A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-05-22 | 合肥万泉非金属矿科技有限公司 | Technology of extracting quartz and feldspar from gangue |
| CN103539133A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-01-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for preparing ultralow-metallic-element ultrahigh-purity quartz through mixed acid hot-pressing leaching reaction |
| CN103736596A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 新疆有色金属研究所 | Feldspar and quartz flotation separation method |
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| CN102600983A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-07-25 | 徐霖 | Method for powerful scrubbing flotation separation of feldspar and quartz |
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| CN103539133A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-01-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for preparing ultralow-metallic-element ultrahigh-purity quartz through mixed acid hot-pressing leaching reaction |
| CN103736596A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 新疆有色金属研究所 | Feldspar and quartz flotation separation method |
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| CN104785362B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-04-05 | 江西旭锂矿业有限公司 | A kind of method of feldspar preferred from tantalum niobium concentrate and quartz |
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| CN105618271A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-01 | 郑州山川重工有限公司 | Method for separating quartz from low-grade potassium and sodium feldspar ore |
| CN105618271B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-03-20 | 郑州山川重工有限公司 | The method that quartz is separated from low grade potassium albite ore |
| CN106563577A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-04-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Two-stage reagent removal method for ilmenite flotation concentrate |
| CN106563577B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-08-31 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of two sections of reagent removal methods of ilmenite flotation concentrate |
| CN107185721A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-22 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Feldspar and quartz flotation separation combined collecting agent and application method thereof |
| CN107413516A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-01 | 江苏闽江矿业有限公司 | A kind of silica sand beneficiation method |
| CN108126825A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-08 | 长春黄金研究院 | A kind of method of FLOTATION SEPARATION potassium feldspar and quartz |
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Application publication date: 20110427 |