CN102026050A - Optical fiber CAN bus hub and networking method thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber CAN bus hub and networking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a networking method of an optical fiber control area network (CAN) bus hub. A main hub of an optical fiber CAN bus with n optical fiber interfaces and a local twisted pair electrical interface extension circuit and n twisted pair CAN sub-networks for connecting the main hub with n optical nodes, n secondary hubs or n remote electric interface extension devices are connected with a local twisted pair CAN sub-network to form a network; signals are transmitted, received and separated by using the optical fiber CAN bus hub which realizes a wired and function through a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) and is provided with a plurality of optical interfaces and a twisted pair electric interface extension circuit, double CAN transceivers and two twisted pairs, so self-excitation blocking communication caused by a signal transmission loop is avoided; and the optical nodes, the local twisted pair CAN bus sub-network and the remote twisted pair CAN bus sub-network are connected by using the optical fiber CAN bus hub, the optical fiber pair and the remote electric interface extension device to form a high-network-speed wide area networking scheme.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the CAN bus network, particularly relate to a kind of transmission medium and be the CAN bus hub of optical fiber and based on the wide area high-speed network-building method that optical fiber CAN node and twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet are linked together of this hub.
Background technology
CAN (Control Area Network) bus is that a kind of the employing do not have the fieldbus networks that destructive position competition mechanism realizes the serial multi-host communication.Advantages such as the CAN bus has that antijamming capability is strong, message is short, real-time is good and networking cost is low.It is abominable to be particularly suitable for environment, and electromagnetic radiation is big, the field such as on-the-spot and automobile component control to the high industrial automation of reliability requirement.The most frequently used transmission medium of CAN bus is a twisted-pair feeder, and attainable flank speed is 1Mbps on this medium.During actual the use, the available communication speed of twisted-pair feeder CAN bus is lower than 1Mbps.The reason that causes traffic rate to descend mainly contains following: the node that inserts on (1) bus is too much, causes the bus parameter mismatch; (2) over-voltage over-current protection circuit that installs additional on the node causes the bus parameter mismatch; (3) Regional Distribution of node is excessive, and the distributed constant of oversize cable causes the bus parameter mismatch.
When the operational environment of bus was too abominable, when exceeding the maximum of physical layer transceiver device as internodal common mode potential difference, bus was with cisco unity malfunction.Therefore research adopts optical fiber as transmission medium, utilizes advantages such as its transmission rate height and antijamming capability are strong, studies its networking mode, solves the big capacity of CAN bus, and two-forty and remote networking problem have crucial meaning.
Twisted-pair feeder CAN bus network is to be connected on the twisted-pair feeder by the CAN transceiver by the CAN controller in each node to constitute.When a plurality of node competition bus, " recessiveness " that a certain node sends or " dominance " position signal, the signal that sends with other node is realized logic " line with " on bus, and the result is sent back to sending node and each receiving node realizes not having the competition of destructive position.Because the not transmission direction of restricting signal of twisted-pair feeder, as long as each data that appears on the bus can be by the correct reception of all nodes (comprising sending node) on the bus in official hour, communication just can normally be carried out.
Optical fiber is a kind of medium of one-way transmission light signal, a kind of can the realization when one or more nodes send (or not sending) light signal also do not appear at present, light signal can be realized " line with " stack, makes all nodes all can receive the optical transceiving device of the light signal after the stack.So optical fiber can not be directly used in the networking of CAN bus.When adopting the optical fiber networking, generally be to keep original CAN controller, cast out CAN transceiver and twisted-pair feeder, networked physics layer is redesigned.How the optical fiber physical layer links to each other with traditional twisted pair physical layer CAN network also is the problem that needs solve.
At present, about the optical fiber CAN bus networking several embodiments have been proposed.Wherein: (1) optical fibre ring CAN bus networking plan allows the number of the node (can only be Fiber Node) in the access ring very limited, and along with the increase of access node number, traffic rate sharply descends; (2) also there is similar problem in optical fiber CAN bus self-healing looped network scheme; (3) node that allow to insert of double star optical fiber CAN bus scheme is more, but equally with preceding two kinds of schemes all exists the self-excitation of signal transmit ring and cause network blockage and the problem that is not easy to twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet interface.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide on the basis of existing technology a kind of optical fiber CAN bus hub and network-building method thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub is provided, it is characterized in that: will have the local twisted-pair feeder electricity of n Guang Kou and port expansion circuit the optical fiber CAN bus hub and with an other n-1 optical node, local twisted-pair feeder subnet, far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit is connected communication and the network of formation with far-end twisted-pair feeder subnet.
Optical fiber CAN bus hub 1 with n Guang Kou and a local twisted-pair feeder electricity port expansion circuit for example shown in Figure 1 and with each optical node (comprising optical node 2), the network-building method of local twisted-pair feeder subnet 4 and far-end twisted-pair feeder subnet 7.
Each light mouth on the hub 1 all has a pair of photoelectric conversion module PIN and electrooptic conversion module LED.With 1# light mouth is example, PIN12 and LED13 by optical fiber to 3 respectively with optical node 2 in LED23 link to each other with PIN22.The local electric port expansion circuit 14 of hub 1 can link to each other with local twisted-pair feeder subnet 4 by two pairs of twisted-pair feeders.Each light mouth (is example explanation with n# light mouth) also can be connected on the far-end twisted-pair feeder subnet 7 by two pairs of twisted-pair feeders by long optical fibers to 5 with after a far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit 6 that is positioned at a distant place links to each other again.
Described optical node 2 comprises a CAN bus control unit 21 as shown in Figure 1, and its input pin RXD connects the output of PIN22, and its output pin TXD connects the input of LED23.
The theory diagram of a kind of optical fiber CAN bus hub 1 that provides hub 1 a built-in complex programmable device CPLD11, constitutes n photoelectric conversion module PIN, n the electrooptic conversion module LED and the local electric port expansion circuit 14 of n light mouth as shown in Figure 2.The output of n PIN meets the input RX (1) of CPLD11 ... RX (n); The output of local electric port expansion circuit 14 meets the input pin RX (n+1) of CPLD11.The output TX (1) of CPLD11 ... TX (n) connects the input of each LED; Output TX (n+1) connects the input of local electric port expansion circuit 14.
The electric port expansion circuit 14 in described this locality as shown in Figure 2, it comprises that CAN transceiver 143,144, light are every 141 and 142.The bus pin CANH1 of transceiver 143 and CANL1, the bus pin CANH2 of transceiver 144 and CANL2 by two pairs of twisted-pair feeders respectively with local twisted-pair feeder subnet 4 in twisted-pair feeder 41 link to each other with twisted-pair feeder 42.The input pin TXD1 of transceiver 143 connects high level " 1 "; Output pin RXD1 connects light every 141 input pin, and light meets the input pin RX (n+1) of CPLD11 every 141 output.The output pin RXD2 of transceiver 144 is unsettled; Input pin TXD2 connects light every 142 output pin, and light meets the output pin TX (n+1) of CPLD11 every 142 input.
Described local twisted-pair feeder subnet 4 as shown in Figure 3, it comprises node 43 and other a plurality of electricity mouthful CAN nodes, two pairs of twisted-pair feeders 41 and 42 and four 120 Ω terminal resistances.With electrical nodes 43 is example, and it has comprised that 435, two CAN transceivers 431 of a CAN controller and 432, two light are every 433 and 434.The input pin TXD1 of transceiver 431 receives on the output pin TXD of CAN controller 435 every 433 by light, and output pin RXD1 is unsettled, the total stitch CANH1 of CAN, and CANL1 connects on the twisted-pair feeder 41.The output pin RXD2 of transceiver 432 receives on the input pin RXD of CAN controller 435 every 434 by light, and input pin TXD2 connects high level " 1 ", the total stitch CANH2 of CAN, and CANL2 connects on the twisted-pair feeder 42.Twisted-pair feeder 41 links to each other with two 120 Ω terminal resistances respectively with 42.It is identical with 42 method that other electrical nodes inserts twisted-pair feeder 41.
Described far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit 6 as shown in Figure 4, it comprises CAN transceiver 63 and 64, photoelectric conversion module 61 and electrooptic conversion module 62.The input pin TXD2 of transceiver 64 links to each other to 5 with long optical fibers by PIN61, and output pin RXD2 is unsettled, the total stitch CANH2 of CAN, and CANL2 connects on the twisted-pair feeder 72.The output pin RXD1 of transceiver 63 links to each other to 5 with long optical fibers by LED62, and input pin TXD1 connects high level " 1 ", the total stitch CANH1 of CAN, and CANL1 connects on the twisted-pair feeder 71.
Described far-end twisted-pair feeder subnet 7 as shown in Figure 4, the circuit structure and the method for attachment of it and local twisted-pair feeder subnet are identical.
The cascade connection networking method that the invention allows for a kind of fibre concentrator as shown in Figure 6, it is by the primary hub that is operated in master mode 81 with n light mouth and the constituting from hub 82 cascades from mode that be operated in n light mouth.Each light mouth of primary hub 81 all can connect optical node or from hub, connect optical node and have only a light mouth can connect other light mouth of primary hub from hub 82.For example, the n# light mouth of primary hub 81 links to each other with 1# light mouth from hub 82 to 85 by optical fiber.Primary hub 81 and other light mouth from hub 82 connect n-1 optical node respectively and link to each other with 84 with a local twisted-pair feeder CAN subnet 83 respectively.
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, adopt programmable logic device (CPLD) to realize that " line with " optical fiber CAN bus hub of logic to a plurality of smooth CAN nodes are linked together, can realize meeting fully the high-speed CAN network of CAN bus (more than the physical layer) standard by optical fiber.
2, adopt two cover CAN transceivers that transmitting-receiving separates and the two pairs of twisted-pair feeders to solve the signal transmit ring that fiber optic network in the past exists and produce self-excitation, blocking communication problem.
3, adopt optical fiber CAN bus hub, long optical fibers that the cascade of, far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit and hub is linked together a plurality of optical nodes, local twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet and distant place twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet, realize meeting fully the wide area CAN bus express network of CAN bus specification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the networking diagram of optical fiber CAN bus hub;
Fig. 2 optical fiber CAN bus hub theory diagram;
The local twisted-pair feeder CAN of Fig. 3 bus subnet theory diagram;
Fig. 4 far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit theory diagram and far-end twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet figure;
Fig. 5 PCA82C250 CAN bus transceiver internal circuit block diagram;
The cascade schematic diagram of Fig. 6 optical fiber CAN bus hub;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example in detail the present invention.
By optical node, in the wide area CAN bus network that local electrical nodes and far-end electrical nodes are formed, " recessiveness " position and " dominance " position that node sends show as high level and low level respectively on circuit shown in Figure 1.When in fiber medium, transmitting, be designed to optical transmission correspondence " dominance " position, no optical transmission when not connecting optical fiber (or) corresponding " recessiveness ".
TX(1)，TX(2)，...，TX(n)，TX(n+1)＝
RX(1)&RX(2)&...&RX(n)&RX(n+1) (1)
Its implication is n+1 the signal RX (1) that will be input among the CPLD11, RX (2) ... RX (n), the whole phases of signal of RX (n+1) " with " after, send n+1 output TX (1) again back to, TX (2) ... TX (n), TX (n+1).Adopt the CPLD logical to realize " line with " function of twisted-pair feeder.I unsettled not time spent of light mouth on hub, corresponding PIN does not have the light signal input, and the input RX (i)=1 of CPLD11 is " recessiveness " level, thus can not influence set of equations (1) " with " effect.
In local twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet 4 shown in Figure 3, two cover CAN transceiver and two pairs of twisted-pair feeders that each node all adopts transmitting-receiving to separate.It now is the interconnected relationship of example explanation electrical nodes and optical node with electrical nodes 43.The signal that CAN controller 435 goes out from the TXD human hair combing waste (" recessiveness " position or " dominance " position) process light is every 433, CAN transceiver 431 arrives and sends twisted-pair feeder 41, earlier with this subnet in behind the signal that sends of other node " line with ", pass through CAN transceiver 143 again, light enters CPLD11 every 141 from RX (n+1) pin, by a signal of set of equations (1) and other optical node mutually " with " after, export from TX (n+1), every 142, CAN transceiver 144 arrives and receives twisted-pair feeder 42 through light.This signal is through CAN transceiver 432, and light is every the 434 RXD input pins of getting back to CAN receiver 435; This signal is also received by other node in the subnet simultaneously.
Equally, in far-end twisted-pair feeder CAN bus subnet 7 shown in Figure 4, the position signal that each electrical nodes sends in the subnet has been realized sending on the twisted-pair feeder 71 earlier after " line with ", through far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit 6 and long optical fibers 5 couplings are entered CPLD11 from RX (n) pin again, with other signal mutually " with " back export from TX (n), through far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit 6 and long optical fibers 5 coupling arrival are received twisted-pair feeder 72 again, received by all nodes in the subnet.
As the above analysis, no matter be optical node or electrical nodes from " recessiveness " position or " dominance " position signal that physical layer is sent all among CPLD11, carry out " with " after the logical operation, beam back each node, meet of the requirement of CAN bus standard to the physical layer signal transmission characteristic, so can guarantee each node is realized distinctive the leading of CAN bus in the network more, not have the communication of destructive position competitive way.
When local electric port expansion circuit 14 shown in Figure 2 does not connect local twisted-pair feeder subnet 4, the output RXD1 of CAN transceiver 143 is " recessiveness " high level, participate in AND operation among the CPLD11 of RX (n+1) pin input hub, thus can not influence yet set of equations (1) " with " effect.
Adopting the purposes of two cover CAN bus transceivers and two pairs of twisted-pair feeders in the electricity mouth is exactly for the erasure signal transmit ring, avoids producing self excited blocking communication.Be that example is illustrated now with the local electric port expansion circuit 14 among Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is the cut-away view of CAN bus transceiver PCA82C250, transceiver has the internal loopback function as can be seen, if only adopt a CAN transceiver 143 or 144, the signal that sends from TX (n+1) of CPLD11 then, by light every 142, CAN transceiver 144 or 143, light is got back to CPLD11 every 141 again from RX (n+1).TX (n+1) and RX (n+1) appear at the two ends of set of equations (1), so produced the signal loop.
Shown in Figure 2, can address this problem after having adopted two CAN transceivers 143 and 144 and two pairs of twisted-pair feeders.If only adopt a pair of twisted-pair feeder, still can form the signal loop.Adopt two pairs of twisted-pair feeders, then must adopt the CAN bus transceiver of the independent transmitting-receiving of two covers in each electrical nodes.
In the cascade system shown in Figure 6, primary hub 81 is operated in master mode, and CPLD wherein still presses n+1 set of equations (1) design and realizes.Be operated in from mode from hub 82, CPLD wherein presses itemize an equation (2) and n set of equations (3) design realization.
TX(1)＝RX(2)&...&RX(n)&RX(n+1) (2)
TX(2)，...，TX(n)，TX(n+1)＝RX(1) (3)
Because 1# light mouth is the cascade port that makes progress from hub 82, its implication of aforesaid equation is n the signal RX (2) that will be input to from hub 82 ... RX (n), the whole phases of RX (n+1) (not comprising RX (1)) " with " after, send into primary hub 81 by TX (1), with 81 in all signals mutually " with " back get back to from hub 82 from RX (1), be forwarded to n output TX (2) again ... TX (n), on the TX (n+1).The purpose that adopts this design is the signal transmit ring to occur for fear of between master and slave hub.
As long as the logic of master and slave hub realizes that by (1), (2) and (3) design the cascade of hub can have a lot of levels.Along with the increase of cascade number, the node number that can insert is very big, but the time-delay increase of signal transmission, the highest attainable CAN Bus Speed descends thereupon.
The wide area CAN bus network of Zu Chenging according to said method, each is all not too big by the sub-network scale that electrical nodes constitutes, so do not have that bus node is too much, cable is long causes traffic rate decline problem, so the highest communication speed of network only is subject to the time-delay long optical fibers centering of the transmission delay of each device and signal basically.This flank speed is far above the flank speed of the wide area CAN bus network that adopts full twisted-pair feeder to constitute.
Described optical fiber to 3 and long optical fibers can adopt single mode or multimode fiber to 5 etc.
Described photoelectric conversion module PIN12, PIN22, PIN15 and PIN61 etc. can adopt the satisfactory modular converter of any a traffic rate, as the HFBR-2412 of Hewlett-Packard Corporation.
Described electrooptic conversion module LED13, LED123, LED116 and LED162 etc. can adopt the satisfactory modular converter of any a traffic rate, as the HFBR-1414 of Hewlett-Packard Corporation.
The CPLD that described programmable logic device (CPLD) 11 adopts any one company to produce with enough logical resources, as: XC9572.
Described CAN bus control unit 21,435 and 731 etc. adopts the chip of any a CAN of meeting bus specification, as: SJA1000.
Described CAN bus transceiver 143,144,341,342,734 and 735 etc. adopts the chip of any a CAN of meeting bus specification, as: PCA82C250.
Described photoisolator 141,142,433,434,732 and 733 etc. adopts the enough little light of any a transmission delay every chip, as: 6N137.
Claims (7)
1. the network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub is characterized in that: will have n twisted-pair feeder CAN subnet that the primary hub of optical fiber CAN bus of a n Guang Kou and a local twisted-pair feeder electricity port expansion circuit and primary hub and n optical node or n be connected from hub or n the electric mouth of far-end expanding unit and be connected with 1 local twisted-pair feeder CAN subnet and constitute network.
2. the network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: each the light mouth on the described hub all has a pair of photoelectric conversion module PIN and electrooptic conversion module LED; The local electric port expansion circuit of hub links to each other with local twisted-pair feeder subnet by two pairs of twisted-pair feeders; Described each light mouth also can be connected on the far-end twisted-pair feeder subnet by two pairs of twisted-pair feeders by long optical fibers pair with after a far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit that is positioned at a distant place links to each other again.
3. the network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described optical node, comprise a CAN bus control unit, CAN bus control unit input pin RXD connects the output of the photoelectric conversion module PIN that is associated, and CAN bus control unit output pin TXD connects the input of the electrooptic conversion module LED that is associated.
4. optical fiber CAN bus hub is characterized in that: its built-in complex programmable device CPLD11, constitute n photoelectric conversion module PIN, n the electrooptic conversion module LED and the local electric port expansion circuit of n light mouth.The input pin RX (1) of the output termination CPLD11 of n photoelectric conversion module PIN ... RX (n); The input pin RX (n+1) of the output termination CPLD11 of local electric port expansion circuit 14, the output pin TX (1) of CPLD11 ... TX (n) connects the input of each electrooptic conversion module LED; The output pin TX (n+1) of CPLD11 connects the input of local electric port expansion circuit.
5. the network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the electric port expansion circuit in described this locality, and it comprises that two CAN transceivers splitting and corresponding two light are every linking to each other;
6. the network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described far-end electricity mouthful expanding unit, it comprises two CAN transceivers, photoelectric conversion module PIN and electrooptic conversion module LED, the input pin of one of them transceiver by photoelectric conversion module and long optical fibers to linking to each other, the output pin of transceiver is unsettled, and two pin of CAN bus connect on the twisted-pair feeder.To linking to each other, the input pin of another transceiver connects high level " 1 " to the output pin of another transceiver by electrooptic conversion module and long optical fibers, and two pin of CAN bus connect on another twisted-pair feeder.
7. the network-building method of optical fiber CAN bus hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described primary hub by optical fiber pair with link to each other from hub, from hub with link to each other from hub and constitute network.
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| CN102904786A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-01-30 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | Optical fiber CAN (controller area network) bus node unit and CAN bus topology thereof |
| CN103368649A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 北京华美煜力电力技术有限公司 | Anti-interference transmission system for remote control signals of power grid |
| CN104506400A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-08 | 南京理工大学 | Wiring method for improving reliability of controller area network (CAN) bus and CAN bus system |
| CN106375010A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇二研究所 | Apparatus for controlling CAN bus of optical fiber local area network and application thereof |
| CN109412918A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of CAN communication system |
| CN109561005A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 湖南中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of CAN bus network-building method and the data transmission system based on CAN bus |
| CN109873676A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-11 | 艾乐德电子（南京）有限公司 | A kind of CAN bus asynchronous communication method and network based on optical fiber |
| WO2023283414A3 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-02-09 | Morrison Brian D | Hybrid wire-fiber data networks for electromagnetic and/or ground-noise environments, components thereof, and systems incorporating same |
| CN115776421A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-03-10 | 西安现代控制技术研究所 | Electromagnetic isolation circuit and method of high-speed network bus |
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| CN102904786B (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2016-08-03 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber CAN bus node unit and CAN topology thereof |
| CN102904786A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-01-30 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | Optical fiber CAN (controller area network) bus node unit and CAN bus topology thereof |
| CN103368649A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 北京华美煜力电力技术有限公司 | Anti-interference transmission system for remote control signals of power grid |
| CN104506400A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-08 | 南京理工大学 | Wiring method for improving reliability of controller area network (CAN) bus and CAN bus system |
| CN106375010A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇二研究所 | Apparatus for controlling CAN bus of optical fiber local area network and application thereof |
| CN106375010B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所 | A kind of fiber optic local area network CAN bus control device and networking |
| CN109561005A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 湖南中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of CAN bus network-building method and the data transmission system based on CAN bus |
| CN109873676B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-07-03 | 艾乐德电子（南京）有限公司 | CAN bus asynchronous communication method and network based on optical fiber |
| CN109873676A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-11 | 艾乐德电子（南京）有限公司 | A kind of CAN bus asynchronous communication method and network based on optical fiber |
| CN109412918A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-01 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of CAN communication system |
| WO2023283414A3 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-02-09 | Morrison Brian D | Hybrid wire-fiber data networks for electromagnetic and/or ground-noise environments, components thereof, and systems incorporating same |
| US11677473B2 (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2023-06-13 | Brian D. Morrison | Hybrid wire-fiber data networks for electromagnetic and/or ground-noise environments, components thereof, and systems incorporating same |
| CN115776421A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-03-10 | 西安现代控制技术研究所 | Electromagnetic isolation circuit and method of high-speed network bus |
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Application publication date: 20110420 |