CN102026004B - Image color processing element and method - Google Patents

Image color processing element and method Download PDF

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CN102026004B
CN102026004B CN 200910172162 CN200910172162A CN102026004B CN 102026004 B CN102026004 B CN 102026004B CN 200910172162 CN200910172162 CN 200910172162 CN 200910172162 A CN200910172162 A CN 200910172162A CN 102026004 B CN102026004 B CN 102026004B
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chroma data
edge
data
image
filtered
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CN102026004A (en
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林腾毅
陈玫霏
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Novatek Microelectronics Corp
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Novatek Microelectronics Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides image color processing element and method for processing the brightness data and input chroma data of an image. The element comprises an edge detecting unit, a chroma filter unit and a chroma mixing unit, wherein the edge detecting unit receives the brightness data of the image, detects whether each pixel of the image belongs to an image edge or not and provides edge intensity; the chroma filter unit receives the input chroma data of the image, filters the chroma and outputs filtered chroma data; and the chroma mixing unit receives the edge intensity, the filtered chroma data and the input chroma data and mixes the filtered chroma data with the input chroma data according to the edge intensity in a weight way to obtain output chroma data.

Description

Image color processing element and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of technology of shadow, relate in particular to a kind of image color processing element and method.
Background technology
In various device for image; carrier chrominance signal often can be because the factor of various storages or transmission; cause the colourity bad, and then have influence on whole image quality, the border color quality that wherein particularly belongs to object in the image can have influence on whether clear that object shows.
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 a kind of situation that to be existing image processing technique can occur when showing the edge of object.Consult Fig. 1, for shown in an image display system image 100, its shown map image generally has the actual edge 102 of a map.In some situations, the actual edge 102 of map often can produce the demonstration edge 104 with rainbow, so that the blur margin of map is clear, shows that therefore image quality is affected.Wherein, the map edge, such as understanding, refer to have in the show image presentation content of texture structure.For example map to display is a spherical object, and the spherical object edge has the significantly conglobate texture structure of color change structure.The situation of the bad that above-mentioned edge shows is the most obvious with the image of NTSC form.The stored data of NTSC form are:
N＝Y+Cb?cos(ωt)+Cr?sin(ωt)，
Wherein Y is brightness data, and chroma data (CbCr) is the color information of YUV color space.The NTSC form is the data that YCbCr is combined to form.The brightness that obtains image just need to separate Y with colourity with CbCr, cause the loss of chroma data.
Fig. 2 is the mode schematic diagram of existing processing chroma data.Consult Fig. 2, digitized video 200 is to show an image at the image data of the respective pixel of YUV color space with pel array, and its neighbor data for the odd number image are alternately to store with Y+C and Y-C.When next even number image frame then is alternately to store with Y-C and Y+C.After former and later two images are done addition and the computing of subtracting each other, can isolate the data of Y and C.But the pixel 204 with regard to belonging to map edge 202 for example, it is because the brightness that map edge 202 generally has by a relatively large margin changes with colourity, so the data of the Y ' that separates and C ' all can be mingled with the data of C and Y.In other words, the Y ' that separates exactly and C ' have following error:
Y’＝Y+ΔC；
C’＝C+ΔY。
So, just produce the phenomenon of bad for the demonstration at map edge.
In addition, if being mode with RGB, pixel shows, because the arrangement mode of RGB pixel generally is to adopt compact mode to come packed-pixel.Therefore, the quantity of green time pixel can be more more with the quantity of blue time pixel than other red pixel, and the color of image can be partially green.Therefore, the display mode of RGB also can produce the phenomenon of distortion to the border of object.
Quality how to improve carrier chrominance signal is one of the factor that need to consider of image processing.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides image color processing element and method, can improve at least the quality of carrier chrominance signal, wherein have better display quality for the border that shows object.
The invention provides a kind of image color processing element, to process a brightness data and the input chroma data at an image, comprise that an edge detecting unit receives this brightness data of this image, each pixel of this image is detected whether belong to a map edge, and give an edge intensity; One colourity filter unit receives this input chroma data of this image, does that output one is filtered chroma data after the colourity filtering; One colourity mixed cell receives edge strength, is filtered chroma data and input chroma data, and according to this edge strength this is filtered chroma data and mixes in the weight mode with this input chroma data, obtains one and exports chroma data.
According to one embodiment of the invention, at described image color processing element, wherein the edge detection unit can comprise a horizontal edge detecting unit, to determine a horizontal edge intensity of each this pixel; And a vertical edge detecting unit, to determine a vertical edge intensity of each this pixel, wherein this horizontal edge intensity and this vertical edge intensity are obtained this edge strength according to a computing.
According to one embodiment of the invention, at described image color processing element, wherein this horizontal edge detecting unit and this vertical edge detecting unit all comprise-filter of [1,2 ,-1]/4 filters this brightness data of this image, obtains possible fringe region.
According to one embodiment of the invention, at described image color processing element, wherein this colourity filter unit comprises that a sequencing unit and selects the unit.Sequencing unit receives this input chroma data, begins to get forward N this chroma data for a pixel to be processed, is ranked into N ordering chroma data with size.This selects the unit from this N ordering chroma data, gets M large chroma data, and this after filtering as this pixel is filtered chroma data, wherein M＞1, and N＞M.
According to one embodiment of the invention, at described image color processing element, wherein this colourity mixed cell comprises a weight unit and a mixed cell.This weight unit receives this edge strength and produces a weighted value, wherein then setting this weighted value when this edge strength less than a low critical value is zero, then setting this weighted value when this edge strength greater than a high critical value is 1, when this edge strength is then set this weighted value according to linear scale between this low critical value and high critical value.This mixed cell receives this weighted value, and this is filtered chroma data, and with this input chroma data, this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data obtains exporting chroma data according to this weighted value linear hybrid.
The present invention also provides a kind of colors of image processing method, to process a brightness data and the input chroma data at an image, comprise and carry out the edge detection step, receive this brightness data of this image, whether each pixel of detecting this image belongs to a map edge, and gives an edge intensity.And the colors of image processing method also comprises carries out the colourity filter step, receives this input chroma data of this image, carries out colourity filtering and export one being filtered chroma data.The colourity blend step comprises this edge strength of reception, and this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data, according to this edge strength this is filtered chroma data and mixes in the weight mode with this input chroma data, obtains an output chroma data.
The present invention also provides a kind of colors of image processing method, is arranged in the display system, with a brightness data and an input chroma data of processing an image, comprises the brightness data and the input chroma data that receive this image.Then detect a pixel that will show and whether belong to a map fringe region, and give an edge intensity.Should input chroma data and do filtering processing, and obtain one and be filtered chroma data.According to this edge strength, should input chroma data and be filtered chroma data with this and do weight and mix, obtain a new chroma data.
For above-mentioned feature and advantage of the present invention can be become apparent, embodiment cited below particularly, and cooperate appended graphic being described in detail below.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 a kind of situation that to be existing image processing technique can occur when showing the edge of object.
Fig. 2 is the mode schematic diagram of existing processing chroma data.
Fig. 3 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the image color processing element of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the edge detection unit of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the colourity filter unit of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the colourity mixed cell of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the weight unit 308 of one embodiment of the invention produces weight.
Fig. 8 is the edge detection schematic diagram of mechanism of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 A is the edge detection schematic diagram of mechanism of one embodiment of the invention to Fig. 9 C.
Main description of reference numerals:
100: image; 102: actual edge;
104: show the edge; 200: digitized video;
202: the map edge; 204: pixel;
250: the edge detection unit; 252: the colourity filter unit;
254: the colourity mixed cell; 300: the horizontal edge detecting unit;
302: the vertical edge detecting unit; 304: big or small sequencing unit;
306: select the unit; 308: weight unit;
310: mixed cell; 400,404: horizontal scanning line;
402: the map edge; 500: fringe region.
Embodiment
The present invention is directed to brightness data Y and the chroma data C of separation, do once again the filtration treatment at corresponding map edge, therefore can promote at least filtering at the chroma data at map edge.Below for some embodiment the present invention is described, but the present invention be not limited only to for some embodiment.And, for some embodiment between also can mutually do suitable combination, obtain other embodiment.
Because map to display edge can lose more chroma data, so the zone whether pixel that will show belongs to the map edge is detected first in meeting of the present invention.According to the detecting intensity at map edge, chroma data can be done filtering and process, and for example is the filtration treatment of edge high chroma composition.Then, do weight according to the chroma data of edge strength after to filtration treatment of detecting with original chroma data and mix, obtain new chroma data.Fig. 3 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the image color processing element of one embodiment of the invention.Consult Fig. 3, an edge detecting unit 250 receives minute other brightness data Y of pixel or at least a portion pixel of a picture frame, carries out edge detection.Can describing in the back than detailed mechanism of edge detection.Edge detection unit 250 can produce an edge intensity value computing after the detecting for each pixel.
Colourity filter unit 252 receives the previous separated chroma data C that respective pixel is inputted Before, through after the filtering to colourity filter unit 252, reduce at the map edge in the chrominance separation process, produce the chroma data C after excessive chromatic value obtains being filtered at the map edge Filtered, it can export to the colourity mixed cell 254 of back.How to filter can describing in subsequent figures 5 than detailed mechanism embodiment of chroma data.
Colourity mixed cell 254 receives the edge strength of being exported by edge detection unit 250, is filtered chroma data C by 252 outputs of colourity filter unit FilteredAnd the chroma data C of input BeforeAccording to this edge strength this is filtered chroma data and mixes in the weight mode with this input chroma data, obtain an output chroma data C AfterIn other words, the chroma data C through exporting after mixing AfterMeeting is because whether whether shown content belongs to the map edge and adjustment is arranged, so the quality of colourity can promote.
Then describe for the design embodiment of the difference function of edge detection unit 250, colourity filter unit 252 and colourity mixed cell 254 again.
Edge detection unit 250 can be that the mechanism that generally can detect the map edge can be used, and need not be particularly limited.Yet the present invention proposes to cooperate the embodiment of simple and easy edge detection unit of the operation of Fig. 3.Fig. 4 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the edge detection unit of one embodiment of the invention.Consult Fig. 4, for example there are a horizontal edge detecting unit 300 and a vertical edge detecting unit 302 in edge detection unit 250, for example connects with serial arrangement.Horizontal edge detecting unit 300 and a vertical edge detecting unit 302 are detected respectively horizontal direction or the vertical direction at image, may be the intensity that belongs to the map edge, therefore can need not the actual bearing of trend at map edge done and further consider, reach the mode of simple and easy detecting, yet also do not get rid of the more accurate edge detection mechanism of employing or other machine-processed uses.
With regard to edge detection mechanism, also cooperate and consult Fig. 8.Fig. 8 is the edge detection schematic diagram of mechanism of one embodiment of the invention.The brightness data Y at map edge has obvious variation.One part of pixel data instance with a horizontal scanning line illustrates that its mechanism also can be applied to the edge detection of vertical line.With regard to the brightness data Y of six pixels 1～6 of a horizontal scanning line 400, for example the Y value of pixel 1～2 is zero, and the Y value of pixel 3～6 is 10, its Y value by 0 to 10 variation mean have the marginal existence of map pixel 3 near.If horizontal edge detecting unit 300 adopts the filter of [1,2 ,-1], wherein [1,2 ,-1] refers to the value of taking advantage of of the brightness Y of adjacent three pixels, and can again divided by a normal value (normalization factor), for example be 4 also in addition.The calculating of the filter of process [1,2 ,-1], to a new horizontal scanning line 404, only there is the information with edge effect in it.For example, map edge 402 is the positions in pixel 2 and 3.The filtration operation of pixel 2 is for example got adjacent three pixels 1～3 of respective pixel 2, carries out the calculating of filter:
(-1)*0+(2)*0+(-1)*10＝-10。
For pixel 3, the calculating of its filter is
(-1)*0+(2)*10+(-1)*10＝10。
Other pixels calculate 0 through filter.Therefore, belonging to may be that the pixel value in zone at edge has larger pixel value and changes.According to same way as, vertical edge detecting unit 302 also can adopt the filter of [1,2 ,-1] but do filtration for the brightness data of vertical direction.Filter for example is
- 1 2 - 1 / 4 .
Brightness data Y after filtering can determine respectively the edge strength of level and vertical direction according to its numerical value, then can be integrated into single edge strength again.Can process according to selected general processing rule as for the mechanism that determines, be not limited to special mode.
Colourity filter unit 252 is then described.Fig. 5 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the colourity filter unit of one embodiment of the invention.Consult Fig. 5, the internal circuit configuration of colourity filter unit 252 for example comprises that size ordering (sorting) unit 304 that a N orders and one select unit 306.Size sequencing unit 304 receives input chroma data C BeforeAnd begin to get forward N chroma data for a pixel to be processed, be ranked into N ordering chroma data with size.Select unit 306 from its N ordering chroma data, get M large chroma data, spend as this pixel color and be filtered chroma data C after the filter Filtered, wherein M＞1, and N＞M, again also for example N be 4 or 5 and M be 2 or 3.Change sentence or say that after ordering, the maximum chrominance value is replaced by M less chromatic value.
Fig. 9 A is the edge detection schematic diagram of mechanism of one embodiment of the invention to Fig. 9 C.Also cooperate and consult Fig. 9 A to Fig. 9 C, general chromatic value can be more than producing excessive variation in map edge when separating, and therefore the colourity with reality has larger difference.
In Fig. 9 A, for example the pixel of edge region 500 front and back as indicating, has excessive chromatic value.For example, pixel value is respectively 20 and 110 in the both sides at edge, and it is higher than normal 10 and 100.If adopt general low pass filter (LPF), then shown in Fig. 9 B, its edge is caused the edge not obvious by obfuscation.
Shown in Fig. 9 C, if adopt the mode of Fig. 5, because the chromatic value of maximum is replaced with M less chromatic value, rather than directly get the chroma data of original input, the chromatic value at edge can approach true chromatic value at the edge, therefore obtains being filtered chroma data C Filtered
Colourity mixed cell 254 is then described.Fig. 6 is the circuit box schematic diagram of the colourity mixed cell of one embodiment of the invention.Consult Fig. 6, colourity mixed cell 254 comprises a weight unit 308 and a mixed cell 310.The edge strength that weight unit 308 receives by 250 outputs of edge detection unit produces a weighted value with correspondence.Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the weight unit 308 of one embodiment of the invention produces weight.Consult simultaneously Fig. 7, the mode that weight unit 308 will produce weighted value W for example is, when edge strength was lower than a low critical value, weighted value W was set as zero, and it represents image data to be dealt with and does not belong to the map fringe region.When edge strength was higher than a high critical value, weighted value W was set as 1, and it represents image data intensity to be dealt with and belongs to the map fringe region.If edge strength is, can set with linear relationship therebetween the time in high critical value and low critical value.
Weight unit 308 determines to export to mixed cell 310 behind the weighted value W.Mixed cell 310 receives three input signals, comprises weighted value W, is filtered chroma data C FilteredAnd should input chroma data C BeforeAccording to discussion of the present invention, because the chroma data of edge region has larger drop, and difference is less each other at other regional chroma datas.After the weighted value of weight unit 308 determined two end values, other obtained weighted value W with the linear mode interpolation, and it is to reflect the relation of chroma data and fringe region.For example also mixing is filtered chroma data C to mixed cell 310 according to weighted value W FilteredWith input chroma data C Before, with the chroma data C that will export after obtaining mixing After, its relation for example is
C after＝C filtered*W+(1-W)*C before。
Because the edge of map is an image main part to display, so that the optimization of the shape of map by color presents.An edge intensive analysis is done in the brightness that the present invention is directed to the edge of map.Simultaneously, chroma data also can be done the filtering of radio-frequency component again, so that chroma data approaches actual colourity.Afterwards, chroma data after this filters is done according to edge strength with the chroma data of original input and is mixed, with the chroma data after obtaining processing, the mode of wherein mixing can be to adopt the weight mode of linear scale to mix, yet the mode of mixing not necessarily adopts again linear scale.
Because the mode of reaching of hardware circuit can have different designs, therefore be not limited to the treatment circuit element of carrying.From the method for processing, according to identical concept, the present invention also provides a kind of colors of image processing method, can comprise and carry out the edge detection step, receive this brightness data of this image, whether each pixel of detecting this image belongs to a map edge, and gives an edge intensity.And the colors of image processing method also comprises carries out the colourity filter step, to receive the input chroma data of image, carries out the chroma data that colourity filtering and output are filtered.The colourity blend step comprises that receiving three information comprises edge strength, is filtered chroma data and input chroma data.To be filtered chroma data according to edge strength and mix in the weight mode with the input chroma data, obtain an output chroma data.
More general, the present invention also provides a kind of colors of image processing method, is arranged in the display system, with a brightness data and an input chroma data of processing an image, comprises the brightness data and the input chroma data that receive this image.Then detect a pixel that will show and whether belong to a map fringe region, and give an edge intensity.Should input chroma data and do filtering processing, and obtain one and filter chroma data.According to this edge strength, should input chroma data and do weight with this filtration chroma data and mix, obtain a new chroma data.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (11)

1. an image color processing element is characterized in that, a brightness data and an input chroma data to process an image comprise:
One edge detecting unit receives this brightness data of this image, whether each pixel detecting of this image is belonged to a map edge, and give an edge intensity, and wherein this map edge refers to have in the show image presentation content of texture structure;
One colourity filter unit receives this input chroma data of this image, do colourity filtering after output one be filtered chroma data; And
One colourity mixed cell receives this edge strength, and this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data, according to this edge strength this is filtered chroma data and mixes in the weight mode with this input chroma data, obtains an output chroma data,
Wherein this colourity filter unit comprises: a sequencing unit, receive this input chroma data, and begin to get forward N this chroma data for a pixel to be processed, be ranked into N ordering chroma data with size; And one select the unit, from this N ordering chroma data, gets M large chroma data, and this after filtering as this pixel is filtered chroma data, wherein M＞1, and N＞M,
Wherein this colourity mixed cell comprises: a weight unit, receive this edge strength and produce a weighted value, wherein then setting this weighted value when this edge strength less than a low critical value is zero, then setting this weighted value when this edge strength greater than a high critical value is 1, when this edge strength is then set this weighted value according to linear scale between this low critical value and high critical value; And a mixed cell, receiving this weighted value, this is filtered chroma data, and with this input chroma data, this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data obtains this output chroma data according to this weighted value linear hybrid.
2. image color processing element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein this edge detection unit comprises:
One horizontal edge detecting unit is to determine a horizontal edge intensity of each this pixel; And
One vertical edge detecting unit, determining a vertical edge intensity of each this pixel,
Wherein this horizontal edge intensity and this vertical edge intensity are obtained this edge strength according to a computing.
3. image color processing element according to claim 2, it is characterized in that wherein this horizontal edge detecting unit and this vertical edge detecting unit all comprise [1,2,-1] filter/4 filters this brightness data of this image, obtains possible fringe region.
4. image color processing element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein N be 4 or 5 and M be 2 or 3.
5. image color processing element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein this weighted value represents with W, and this is filtered chroma data and represents with Cf, and this input chroma data represents with Cb, and this output chroma data represents with Ca, then
Ca＝Cf*W+(1-W)*Cb。
6. a colors of image processing method is characterized in that, a brightness data and an input chroma data to process an image comprise:
Carry out the edge detection step, receive this brightness data of this image, whether each pixel of detecting this image belongs to a map edge, and gives an edge intensity, and wherein this map edge refers to have in the show image presentation content of texture structure;
Carry out the colourity filter step, receive this input chroma data of this image, carry out colourity filtering and export one being filtered chroma data; And
Carry out the colourity blend step, receive this edge strength, this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data, according to this edge strength this is filtered chroma data and mixes in the weight mode with this input chroma data, obtains an output chroma data,
Wherein this carries out the colourity filter step and comprises: carry out an ordered steps, receive this input chroma data, begin to get forward N this chroma data for a pixel to be processed, be ranked into N the chroma data that sorts according to size; And carry out selecting step, and from this N ordering chroma data, get M large chroma data, this after filtering as this pixel is filtered chroma data, wherein M＞1, and N＞M,
Wherein this carries out the colourity blend step and comprises: carry out a weight step, receive this edge strength and produce a weighted value, wherein then setting this weighted value when this edge strength less than a low critical value is zero, then setting this weighted value when this edge strength greater than a high critical value is 1, when this edge strength is then set this weighted value according to linear scale between this low critical value and high critical value; And carry out a blend step, and receiving this weighted value, this is filtered chroma data, and with this input chroma data, this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data obtains this output chroma data according to this weighted value linear hybrid.
7. colors of image processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein this carries out the edge detection step and comprises:
The detecting horizontal edge is to determine a horizontal edge intensity of each this pixel;
The detecting vertical edge is to determine a vertical edge intensity of each this pixel; And
This horizontal edge intensity and this vertical edge intensity are obtained this edge strength according to a computing.
8. colors of image processing method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, wherein this detecting horizontal edge step and this detecting vertical edge step all adopt [1,2,-1] filtration computational methods/4, this brightness data filtration with this image obtains possible fringe region.
9. colors of image processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein N be 4 or 5 and M be 2 or 3.
10. colors of image processing method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein this weighted value represents with W, this is filtered chroma data and represents with Cf, this input chroma data represents that with Cb this output chroma data represents with Ca, then carries out the calculating of Ca=Cf*W+ (1-W) * Cb.
11. a colors of image processing method is characterized in that, is arranged in the display system, a brightness data and an input chroma data to process an image comprise:
Receive this brightness data and this input chroma data of this image;
Whether the pixel that detecting will show belongs to the zone at a map edge, and gives an edge intensity, and wherein this map edge refers to have in the show image presentation content of texture structure;
Should input chroma data and do filtering processing, and obtain one and be filtered chroma data; And
According to this edge strength, should input chroma data and be filtered chroma data with this and do a weight and mix, obtain a new chroma data,
Wherein this filtering is processed and is comprised: carry out an ordered steps, receive this input chroma data, begin to get forward N this chroma data for a pixel to be processed, be ranked into N ordering chroma data according to size; And carry out selecting step, and from this N ordering chroma data, get M large chroma data, this after filtering as this pixel is filtered chroma data, wherein M＞1, and N＞M,
Wherein this weight mixing comprises: carry out a weight step, receive this edge strength and produce a weighted value, wherein then setting this weighted value when this edge strength less than a low critical value is zero, then setting this weighted value when this edge strength greater than a high critical value is 1, when this edge strength is then set this weighted value according to linear scale between this low critical value and high critical value; And carry out a blend step, and receiving this weighted value, this is filtered chroma data, and with this input chroma data, this is filtered chroma data and this input chroma data obtains this new chroma data according to this weighted value linear hybrid.
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