CN102024547A - Conjugated pipeline demagnetizer - Google Patents

Conjugated pipeline demagnetizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102024547A
CN102024547A CN 201010231482 CN201010231482A CN102024547A CN 102024547 A CN102024547 A CN 102024547A CN 201010231482 CN201010231482 CN 201010231482 CN 201010231482 A CN201010231482 A CN 201010231482A CN 102024547 A CN102024547 A CN 102024547A
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circuit
chip microcomputer
voltage
pipeline
demagnetizer
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CN102024547B (en
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白国义
吴中林
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National Pipe Network Group Beijing Pipeline Co.,Ltd.
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Petro China Beijing Natural Gas Pipeline Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a conjugated pipeline demagnetizer. The conjugated pipeline demagnetizer comprises a switching circuit, a control circuit, a drive circuit and a demagnetizing coil. The switching circuit provides direct current for pipeline demagnetization for the demagnetizing coil. A singlechip is arranged in the control circuit. The drive circuit drives a power switching device in the switching circuit. The switching circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a power grid filter circuit, a first rectification filter circuit, a power conversion circuit, and a second rectification filter circuit. The demagnetizing coil is made from flexible wire and an explosion-proof aviation plug is adopted for connection. The conjugated pipeline demagnetizer has the advantages of high demagnetization and self-shielded characteristic, good adaptability of terminal, and energy conversation and security.

Description

A kind of conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer that is used to the magnetic long distance pipeline, belong to the pipeline construction technology field.
Background technology
Long distance pipeline is meant commodity media such as being used for transferring oil, gas, and transprovincially, the city, wear, cross over rivers, road etc., the centre is provided with the long-distance transmission pipeline of booster station.It is as the important component part of pipeline transport, and the development of Chinese national economy is played important effect, is described as the artery of national economy.
Long distance pipeline is formed by connecting by welding manner by heavy caliber seamless steel pipe.But seamless steel pipe has remanent magnetism inevitably in production, processing, storage and transport process.Pipeline remanent magnetism is produced for welding and bring adverse influence.For example when welding band magnetic long distance pipeline, through regular meeting occur electric arc ignite difficulty, arc burning instability, phenomenon appears departing from etc. in electric arc in magnetic field, will have a strong impact on welding quality, even can't weld.For stabilized welding process, improve quality of weld joint, before welding, to carry out demagnetization specially to the steel pipe that is magnetized and handle.Be noted that it is difficult that the steel pipe that is magnetized will reach complete demagnetization.So, when remanent magnetism is not enough to influence welding quality, just allow to weld.
At present, Deperming Facility common fixed on the market is a lot, and the Deperming Facility of special demagnetization, especially heavy caliber at long distance pipeline, seamless steel pipe of high quality is actually rare.Known to the applicant, PetroChina Company Ltd. developed a kind of band magnetic long distance pipeline local demagnetization's device (referring to Chinese utility model patent ZL 200620115848.X) in 2006, can drop to the level that can normally weld to pipeline remanent magnetism.This demagnetizer mainly is made up of main transformer, 12 volts of power supplys, SPCE061A single-chip microcomputer, thyristor constant current constant voltage modules.Main transformer connects 12 volts of power supplys and thyristor constant current constant voltage module.12 volts of power supplys connect single-chip microcomputer, are connected with the magnetic field detection probe on the single-chip microcomputer.Thyristor constant current constant voltage module input is connected with single-chip microcomputer.Between thyristor constant current constant voltage module output and single-chip microcomputer, be connected with current sensor.Anti-magnetized coil is connected thyristor constant current constant voltage module input.During use, anti-magnetized coil is wrapped on the steel pipe.The control power supply produces the size and Orientation of the required electric current of demagnetizer, to obtain the magnetic field that size and pipeline remanent magnetism equate, direction is opposite, remanent magnetism is dropped to the level that pipeline can normally weld.Except that the said goods, pipeline demagnetization theory is good at Russia in the world, and also there are research in the U.S. and Japan, but easy, the long distance pipeline Deperming Facility still belongs to phoenix feathers and unicorn horns efficiently, also there is deficiency in Related product aspect terminal adaptability and the energy-saving safety.
Current, the pipeline construction of large-scale pipeline construction, particularly special location both at home and abroad requires the duration short, also will ensure the quality of products, and the remanent magnetism of long distance pipeline is the key factor that influences construction schedule and quality.Therefore, strengthening the research to the pipeline demagnetization, develop the Deperming Facility that is fit to the long distance pipeline construction as early as possible, accelerate the construction schedule of long distance pipeline, is the important topic that each pipeline construction enterprise faces jointly.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of novel conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer.This pipeline demagnetizer can be used for the demagnetization work before the pipeline welding, has good terminal adaptability and energy-saving safety.
For realizing above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
A kind of conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer is characterized in that:
Described conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer comprises switching circuit, control circuit, drive circuit and anti-magnetized coil, the direct current that described switching circuit provides the pipeline demagnetization to use to described anti-magnetized coil, have single-chip microcomputer in the described control circuit, described drive circuit drives the device for power switching in the described switching circuit;
Described switching circuit is linked in sequence and is formed by electrical network filter circuit, first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, circuit for power conversion, second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit;
Described anti-magnetized coil is made by flexible wire, and adopts explosion-proof aviation plug to connect;
Described control circuit utilizes negative feedback to constitute an automatic control system, by specified rate and feedback quantity relatively obtain deviation, and regulate the PWM output of the described single-chip microcomputer of s operation control by PID, thus the output of control switch circuit.
Wherein, described circuit for power conversion adopts bridge-type DC-DC converter, and device for power switching wherein is the IGBT module.
Described control circuit also comprises voltage sensor, matrix keyboard, interlocking, buffer circuit, the charactron drive circuit, described voltage sensor carries out voltage sample from the output of second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, and sampled signal is sent into the AD00 port of described single-chip microcomputer, and described matrix keyboard connects the PB0~PB7 port of described single-chip microcomputer, described interlocking, buffer circuit connect the PWM port of described single-chip microcomputer, and described charactron drive circuit connects the PA0~PA7 port of described single-chip microcomputer.
Described control circuit also comprises protection circuit against input over-voltage, output overcurrent protective circuit, input under-voltage protecting circuit and output over-voltage protection circuit, and described protection circuit against input over-voltage, described output overcurrent protective circuit, described input under-voltage protecting circuit and described output over-voltage protection circuit are connected the INFO port of described single-chip microcomputer.
Described PID regulates in the computing, when deviation is opposite with integral sign, and the integration zero clearing.
Conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer provided by the present invention has following technical characterstic:
1. high demagnetization: utilize the demagnetization of this pipeline demagnetizer, the magnetic field intensity that can make long distance pipeline is lower than the index of welding requirements less than 3mT;
2. terminal adaptability is good: because the anti-magnetized coil of this pipeline demagnetizer adopts flexible wire, can adapt to automatically according to the size of caliber, therefore can be to the long distance pipeline demagnetization of different bores, and the product adaptation scope is wider;
3. energy-saving safety is good: this pipeline demagnetizer makes full use of by the permeance of demagnetization workpiece, and with the anti-magnetized coil co-operation, so power demand can reduce greatly, both saved the energy, improved safety index again;
4. possess the self-shield characteristic: this pipeline demagnetizer can be provided with the protective circuit at situations such as overcurrent, overvoltages, thereby possesses the self-protection ability under the load short circuits situation.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the integrated circuit schematic diagram of conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of circuit for power conversion;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of control circuit;
Fig. 4 is the overall workflow schematic diagram of this pipeline demagnetizer;
The PID that Fig. 5 is adopted for this pipeline demagnetizer regulates the operating process schematic diagram of computing.
Embodiment
Conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer provided by the present invention mainly comprises several parts such as switching circuit, control circuit, drive circuit and anti-magnetized coil.Wherein, the effect of switching circuit is to finish the conversion of DC (direct current)-AC (interchange)-DC (direct current), the direct current that provides the pipeline demagnetization to use to anti-magnetized coil.Control circuit is a core with the single-chip microcomputer, is used for the operating state of switching circuit is controlled.The effect of drive circuit is the device for power switching in the driving switch circuit, and its operating state is also controlled by control circuit.
As shown in Figure 1, switching circuit is linked in sequence and is formed by electrical network filter circuit, first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, circuit for power conversion, second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.Wherein, the electrical network filter circuit directly connects outside 220V AC power, and civil power is carried out Filtering Processing.Accessory power supply is drawn from the output of electrical network filter circuit, provides supply of electric power to single-chip microcomputer and drive circuit.Circuit for power conversion is the core part of switching circuit.As shown in Figure 2, this circuit for power conversion adopts bridge-type DC-DC converter, and device for power switching wherein preferably adopts IGBT (igbt) module.Because each IGBT module is a half-bridge structure, therefore in the full-bridge system, need two IGBT modules.Each IGBT module is embedded in a quick fly-wheel diode.Need to prove that device for power switching uses GTO (gate level turn-off thyristor) instead or IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor) also is feasible, this not tired stating.
As shown in Figure 3, control circuit is core with the single-chip microcomputer, also comprises voltage sensor, matrix keyboard, interlocking, buffer circuit, charactron drive circuit etc.Wherein, single-chip microcomputer can be selected the multiple existing product that possesses the PWM function for use, as PIC16F87X single-chip microcomputer, ATMEGA 16L single-chip microcomputer etc.Voltage sensor carries out voltage sample from the output of second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, sampled signal is sent into the AD00 port of single-chip microcomputer.Matrix keyboard connects the PB0~PB7 port of single-chip microcomputer, is used to receive user's operations instruction.All kinds of protective circuits such as input overvoltage protection, output overcurrent protection, input under-voltage protection, output over-voltage protection connect the INFO port of single-chip microcomputer, provide the instruction that starts guard mode to it.These protective circuits are conventional design that the electronic technology field those of ordinary skill can both be grasped, and have not just given unnecessary details in detail at this.The PWM of single-chip microcomputer (pulse-width modulation) port connects interlocking, buffer circuit.The effect of this interlocking, buffer circuit is that the IGBT module in circuit for power conversion provides the corresponding driving signal.In addition, the PA0 on the single-chip microcomputer~PA7 port connects digital tube drive circuit.This charactron drive circuit drives digitron display screen, is used for to user's display pipes demagnetizer current working state such as output voltage etc.
Control circuit is mainly finished following function: voltage acquisition, A/D conversion, closed-loop adjustment, pwm signal generation, IGBT driving and protection, the demonstration of keyboard input and output voltage etc.This control circuit utilizes negative feedback to constitute an automatic control system, relatively obtains deviation, and the PWM output by digital PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjuster control single chip computer, thereby the output of control switch circuit by specified rate and feedback quantity.Wherein, PID adjusting and PWM output all adopt software mode to realize by single-chip microcomputer.
For the accurately voltage output of control switch circuit, control circuit adopts the conducting and the turn-off time of PWM mode power controlling switching device.When switching circuit was worked, control circuit carried out PID by chip microcontroller to the PWM duty ratio and regulates according to the deviation of desired value and Voltage Feedback value.Control circuit is provided with the square-wave signal that single-chip microcomputer produces different duty according to voltage control algorithm (can adopt improved pid control algorithm), through photoelectrical coupler power controlling switching device, adjusts the magnitude of voltage that circuit output is set.Control circuit adopts voltage close loop control simultaneously by the sampling of A/D conversion realization to the switch circuit output voltage, finishes the stable control to output voltage.
Make the device for power switching operate as normal, suitable driving is vital.The task of drive circuit is to be the signal that is added between the control end and common port of device for power switching such as IGBT, can makes it open or turn-off with the conversion of signals that control circuit sends.Simultaneously, drive circuit also has functions such as electrical isolation and protection device for power switching.
Fig. 4 has shown the overall workflow of this pipeline demagnetizer, and this workflow is subjected to the control of the main program that moves in the single-chip microcomputer.Main program is after finishing various variablees and I/O initialization, and the user can import desired voltage values and deposit register in, after pressing start button, starts power-supply system.When set starting here, making the PWM output duty cycle is minimum value, promptly 0.1%.After the startup, call the A/D conversion routine and read in key assignments, with the feedback voltage value with after given magnitude of voltage is compared, call PID and regulate computing, upgrade the duty ratio of drive waveforms, call PWM then and produce the subprogram output pwm signal, and show output voltage by display subroutine.
Above-mentioned A/D conversion routine directly utilizes 10 ADC ports of single-chip microcomputer to realize, specifically comprises following function: select analog input channel, and prefabricated divider ratio; Configuration control register ACON; Read the numerical value after A/D changes, return the data among ADTA0, the ADTA1.
PID regulates computing and is also realized by single-chip microcomputer.Single-chip microcomputer subtracts each other the error that obtains according to given signal and feedback signal and calculates adjustment amount, in order to the duty ratio of control square-wave signal.Figure 5 shows that the operating process of the PID adjusting computing that this pipeline demagnetizer is adopted.Regulate in computing at this PID, special provision when deviation is opposite with integral sign, the integration zero clearing.Because if opposite in sign illustrates that integral has played reaction, so the integral zero clearing.Remaining parameter K P, KI, KD can set in debug process.
Anti-magnetized coil in this pipeline demagnetizer is made by flexible wire, can adapt to automatically according to the caliber size of long distance pipeline, therefore can be to the long distance pipeline demagnetization of different bores, and the product adaptation scope is wider.This anti-magnetized coil is in when design, in view of the formula of reduction of magnetic field intensity is that (H is a magnetic field intensity to H=N * I/Le; N is the number of turn of magnet exciting coil; I is an exciting current; Le is the effective magnetic circuit length of specimen), two factors of therefore main consideration: the one, the number of turn of anti-magnetized coil and length, the 2nd, the redundant current value of anti-magnetized coil.And the length of anti-magnetized coil is directly proportional with resistance, and voltage one regularly is inversely proportional to current value, so will carry out COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING according to the number of resistivity, line footpath, winding mode and the braided wire wire rod of material when design, obtains optimum value.
In order to improve security feature, anti-magnetized coil adopts explosion-proof aviation plug to connect.In addition, for the resistance that guarantees whole anti-magnetized coil in the reasonable scope, the lead-in wire resistance of anti-magnetized coil should be taken into account.
This pipeline demagnetizer is when reality is used, at first to measure by the magnetic flux density of the long distance pipeline of demagnetization and judge polarity with gaussmeter, twined anti-magnetized coil by the termination of the long distance pipeline of demagnetization then, the coiling of anti-magnetized coil should be near termination one end (not influence mouthpart degree of being installed as) of demagnetization.After the anti-magnetized coil winding finishes, anti-magnetized coil is docked with the output of switching circuit.Subsequently, utilize the output signal of control circuit by-pass cock circuit, measure detection with gaussmeter simultaneously.Produce the magnetic field opposite with the remnant field direction of long distance pipeline in the anti-magnetized coil, this magnetic field can make the magnetic flux density of pipe end reduce gradually, until being reduced to zero.At this moment, under the prerequisite that keeps the stable output of erasing current, can carry out normal welding operation.
On electrotechnics, the iron core of transformer or electromagnet is called " iron yoke " or " yoke ".Electromagnet generally is made up of live wire solenoid and iron core (iron yoke), this pipeline demagnetizer is to carry out demagnetization by being wound in by the anti-magnetized coil on the demagnetization pipeline, therefore be by the erasing characteristics body by the demagnetization pipeline, it is again the iron yoke of energization solenoid, be magnet carrier promptly by the demagnetization pipeline, be again the poly-magnetic core of energization solenoid, Here it is this pipeline demagnetizer is called as " conjugation-type " reason place.
In fact anti-magnetized coil is exactly a hollow solenoid.The solenoid of energising is after adding iron core, and its magnetic flux density is because core interior molecular current effect meeting becomes tens of multiplications long.This pipeline demagnetizer has utilized dexterously by the characteristics of demagnetization pipeline ferrimagnet, allow the iron core of pipeline as anti-magnetized coil, both strengthened demagnetization intensity, the problem of avoiding again adding iron core in addition and increasing the demagnetizer volume, so erasing current can reduce greatly, reduced the volume of pipeline demagnetizer simultaneously.The two acting in conjunction is to reach under the prerequisite of identical erasure effect, increasing coefficient of safety.
More than conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer provided by the present invention is had been described in detail.To those skilled in the art, any conspicuous change of under the prerequisite that does not deviate from connotation of the present invention it being done all will constitute to infringement of patent right of the present invention, with corresponding legal responsibilities.

Claims (5)

1. conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer is characterized in that:
Described conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer comprises switching circuit, control circuit, drive circuit and anti-magnetized coil, the direct current that described switching circuit provides the pipeline demagnetization to use to described anti-magnetized coil, have single-chip microcomputer in the described control circuit, described drive circuit drives the device for power switching in the described switching circuit;
Described switching circuit is linked in sequence and is formed by electrical network filter circuit, first current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, circuit for power conversion, second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit;
Described anti-magnetized coil is made by flexible wire, and adopts explosion-proof aviation plug to connect;
Described control circuit utilizes negative feedback to constitute an automatic control system, by specified rate and feedback quantity relatively obtain deviation, and regulate the PWM output of the described single-chip microcomputer of s operation control by PID, thus the output of control switch circuit.
2. conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described circuit for power conversion adopts bridge-type DC-DC converter, and device for power switching wherein is the IGBT module.
3. conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described control circuit also comprises voltage sensor, matrix keyboard, interlocking, buffer circuit, the charactron drive circuit, described voltage sensor carries out voltage sample from the output of second current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, and sampled signal is sent into the AD00 port of described single-chip microcomputer, and described matrix keyboard connects the PB0~PB7 port of described single-chip microcomputer, described interlocking, buffer circuit connect the PWM port of described single-chip microcomputer, and described charactron drive circuit connects the PA0~PA7 port of described single-chip microcomputer.
4. conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described control circuit also comprises protection circuit against input over-voltage, output overcurrent protective circuit, input under-voltage protecting circuit and output over-voltage protection circuit, and described protection circuit against input over-voltage, described output overcurrent protective circuit, described input under-voltage protecting circuit and described output over-voltage protection circuit are connected the INFO port of described single-chip microcomputer.
5. conjugation-type pipeline demagnetizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described PID regulates in the computing, when deviation is opposite with integral sign, and the integration zero clearing.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105428000A (en) * 2015-12-08 2016-03-23 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 Pulse width change-based iron core demagnetization method for low-frequency bipolar square wave source
CN104485197B (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-29 沈阳隆基电磁科技股份有限公司 A kind of Constant charge soil demagnetizer of frequency-adjustable
CN108878095A (en) * 2018-09-01 2018-11-23 浙江行雨网络科技有限公司 A kind of dynamic degaussing gear of unattended supermarket self-help settlement commodity
CN109254253A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-01-22 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 The device and control method of a kind of assessment of power transformer remanent magnetism amount and demagnetization
CN110880399A (en) * 2018-09-05 2020-03-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pipeline demagnetizer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003290920A (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-14 Jfe Engineering Kk Demagnetizing method for magnetized tube and split coil
CN2899051Y (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-05-09 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Local demagnetizer with magnetic long transfer pipeline
US20090072937A1 (en) * 2006-06-05 2009-03-19 John Holley Steel pipe demagnetizing tool

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003290920A (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-14 Jfe Engineering Kk Demagnetizing method for magnetized tube and split coil
CN2899051Y (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-05-09 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Local demagnetizer with magnetic long transfer pipeline
US20090072937A1 (en) * 2006-06-05 2009-03-19 John Holley Steel pipe demagnetizing tool

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104485197B (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-06-29 沈阳隆基电磁科技股份有限公司 A kind of Constant charge soil demagnetizer of frequency-adjustable
CN105428000A (en) * 2015-12-08 2016-03-23 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 Pulse width change-based iron core demagnetization method for low-frequency bipolar square wave source
CN108878095A (en) * 2018-09-01 2018-11-23 浙江行雨网络科技有限公司 A kind of dynamic degaussing gear of unattended supermarket self-help settlement commodity
CN110880399A (en) * 2018-09-05 2020-03-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pipeline demagnetizer
CN110880399B (en) * 2018-09-05 2021-11-02 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pipeline demagnetizer
CN109254253A (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-01-22 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 The device and control method of a kind of assessment of power transformer remanent magnetism amount and demagnetization
CN109254253B (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-11-10 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Device for evaluating and demagnetizing residual magnetism of power transformer and control method

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Address after: 100101 Room 401, 9 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing

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Patentee before: PETROCHINA BEIJING GAS PIPELINE Co.,Ltd.

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