CN102019499B

CN102019499B - Spot welding electrode protector

Info

Publication number: CN102019499B
Application number: CN201010600663A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗震; 刘伟; 孟繁亮; 左迪
Original assignee: Tianjin University
Current assignee: Tianjin University
Priority date: 2010-12-22
Filing date: 2010-12-22
Publication date: 2012-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-22
Also published as: CN102019499A

Abstract

The invention discloses a spot welding electrode protector which comprises two groups of protecting units, wherein the two groups of protecting units have the same structure and are used for fixing an upper electrode and a lower electrode respectively; each protecting unit comprises a support body, and one end of the support body is provided with a movable support which is fixedly connected with electrodes and can move up and down; the lower part of the support body is provided with a portal frame, the portal frame is internally provided with an inner support which can move up and down, the bottom of the portal frame is provided with a base, and the bottom surface of the base is coated with an insulating coating; the inner support is internally provided with a transverse shaft which is fixedly connected with a pair of gears and is provided with a replaceable metal piece, and the two sides of the transverse shaft are provided with racks which are matched with the pair of gears; the pair of gears are provided with ratchet pawl mechanisms, pawls in the ratchet pawl mechanisms are connected with the support bodies via tension springs, and the pawls are pressed on the gear teeth of the ratchet wheels at any time under the tension of the tension springs; and the ratchet pawl mechanisms drive the two gears to rotate, and the two gears drive the metal piece to move. By the invention, the defects of the electrodes such as alloying, abrasion, pointed corrosion, thermal fatigue and the like can be reduced, and the service life of the electrodes can be prolonged, thus achieving the aim of electrode protection.

Description

The spot-wedling electrode protective device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used to improve the spot-wedling electrode life-span, relate in particular to a kind of spot-wedling electrode protective device.

Background technology

At present, in the industries such as aviation in modern times, automobile and household electrical appliances, antirust ability better, the application of the galvanized steel plain sheet of high life and aluminium alloy plate is increasing.Because a large amount of thin-slab structures that adopt, the general spot-welding technology that adopts obtains good welding quality during welding.

In pinpoint welding procedure, the major function of spot-wedling electrode is transmission current, pressurization and heat radiation, and the welding current during spot welding can be up to thousands of to tens thousand of peaces; Electrode pressure can reach the hundreds of MPa; The electrode head diameter will increase with the increase of electrode service time, thus can cause spot welding the time current density descend and the spot size of formation is reduced, intensity descends, as in a large amount of automobile industries of using resistance spot weldings; Body of a motor car need weld the 5000-6000 point generally speaking; But existing spot-wedling electrode once can only weld about 500, and frequent trimming and replacing electrode have reduced production efficiency, have improved production cost; Therefore, become the important indicator of weighing its point quality and weldability electrode life.Carry out about prolonging the research of aspect electrode life so press for.

People mainly improve the life-span of spot-wedling electrode from following three aspects.The one, study novel spot-wedling electrode material; The 2nd, select the good welding material of weldability; The 3rd, improve spot-welding technology and equipment.Research to electrode all is to set about from electrode itself at present, all is the life-span of improving electrode material itself, does not fundamentally solve the problem of export license.

Publication number is CN101081456; A kind of lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode device for prolonging is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent that its open day is on December 5th, 2007; Shown in Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2 and Fig. 1-3; This device comprises traversing carriage 6, and upper bracket 5 is flexible connection between last traversing carriage 6 and the upper bracket 5; Lower carriage 16 and following traversing carriage 12 also are flexible connection between them; Last main shaft 3 and lower main axis 18 are contained in upper and lower

main shaft

3,18 and upper and lower support 5, the spring between 16 respectively; Flywheel 9 and following flywheel 19 on the arc; Last ratchet mechanism 1 and bottom ratchet wheel mechanism 13; Lay respectively at the copper sheet on the upper and lower flywheel 9,19; Last linkage and lower link mechanism; Last hitch gear and lower draw-bar mechanism.Above-mentioned lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode device for prolonging exists complex structure, volume big, and detailing is unreasonable, for example: and the step count set inaccuracy, cause thus and can't attach it in the corresponding apparatus.

Summary of the invention

To above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of spot-wedling electrode protective device, can reduce electrode metalization, wearing and tearing, and pitting corrosion and heat fatigue etc. improve electrode life, thereby realizes the purpose of guard electrode.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention is achieved is: identical and protected location fixing upper and lower electrode respectively constitutes this spot-wedling electrode protective device by two groups of structures; Said protected location comprises stake body, and an end of said stake body is provided be fixedly connected with an electrode and traversing carriage moving up and down; The bottom of said stake body is " door " word framework, is provided with inner support moving up and down in said " door " word framework, and the bottom of said " door " word framework is provided with base, and the coated on bottom side of said base is covered with insulating coating; Be provided with a transverse axis in the said inner support, be fixed with a pair of gear on the said transverse axis, removable sheet metal is arranged, its both sides are the tooth bar with said a pair of gear matched; Said a pair of gear is provided with ratchet and pawl arrangement, and the ratchet in the said ratchet and pawl arrangement is connected with said stake body through extension spring, and the pulling force of extension spring is pressed on the gear teeth of ratchet ratchet constantly; Said ratchet and pawl arrangement drives two gears and rotates, and said two gear driven sheet metals move.

Spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention; Wherein, The top of said stake body is the crotch structure; Said traversing carriage is provided with through hole, and it is inserted on the said stake body, and moving up and down of said traversing carriage is to realize with the position limiting structure that is arranged on the said main shaft through the compression spring that is arranged on the middle main shaft in stake body top and be sleeved on the said main shaft; Said traversing carriage is provided with the clamping structure that is used for fixing electrode.

Spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention; Wherein, Said ratchet and pawl arrangement comprises the ratchet group with three grades of adjustment functions, said ratchet group comprise three ratchets and respectively with three three ratchets that ratchet is corresponding, this ratchet group has been made as the interconvertible secondary ratchet of tool; Thereby form different assembly, then can be implemented in electrode in the pinpoint welding procedure and get ready several adjustable arbitrarily at sheet metal same position place.Said ratchet group adopts three grades of ratchets, and wherein, the one-level ratchet number of teeth is 10, comprises the gear teeth that profile of tooth is darker; The number of teeth of secondary ratchet is 8 or 10, comprises the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth of two symmetrical distributions; The number of teeth of three grades of ratchets is 10; When the one-level ratchet extend into the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth on the one-level ratchet, meanwhile, the secondary ratchet just contact with the secondary ratchet, stirs the rotation of secondary ratchet; When the secondary ratchet extend into the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth on the secondary ratchet; Three grades of ratchets just contact with three grades of ratchets stirs three grades of ratchets rotations; Because for being connected, three grades of ratchets drive a pair of gear and rotate synchronously between three grades of ratchets and the said a pair of gear, and then the drive sheet metal moves a step-length.Said sheet metal is a copper sheet, and said copper sheet thickness is the 0.5-1.2 millimeter.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

Owing in the spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention, between electrode and workpiece, add a slice sheet metal, replace the loss of electrode with the consumption of sheet metal.Show through experiment, the cut that electrode tip produces when copper sheet is had a little physical friction with experiment final stage copper sheet during by burn-through electrode be stained with the aluminium of a little, electrode almost not have the situation of damage; Especially relatively good with the welding quality that adopts red copper; And, therefore, can make electrode almost completely not receive loss not with electrode reaction; Electrode zero loss, thus the technical problem of guard electrode solved.Apparatus of the present invention simple in structure, volume is little, is prone to implement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1-the 1st, in the prior art a kind of electrode device for prolonging link to each other with top electrode the part the assembling sketch map;

Fig. 1-2 is link to each other with the top electrode assembling sketch map of part of the device seen from Fig. 1-1 rear portion;

Fig. 1-the 3rd, device shown in Fig. 1-1 assembling sketch map partly that links to each other with bottom electrode;

Fig. 2-the 1st, the master of a protected location looks cutaway view in the spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention;

Fig. 2-the 2nd, the vertical view of protected location shown in Fig. 1-1;

Fig. 2-the 3rd, the left view of protected location shown in Fig. 1-1;

Fig. 2-the 4th, the right view when traversing carriage is positioned at low spot on the protected location shown in Fig. 1-1;

Fig. 2-the 5th, the assembling sketch map that protected location shown in Fig. 1-1 links to each other with top electrode and sheet metal;

Fig. 3-the 1st, the profile sketch map of one-level ratchet in the ratchet group among the present invention;

Fig. 3-the 2nd, a kind of wide sketch map of secondary ratchet in the ratchet group among the present invention;

Fig. 3-the 3rd, the profile sketch map of another kind of secondary ratchet in the ratchet group among the present invention;

Fig. 3-the 4th, the profile sketch map of three grades of ratchets in the ratchet group among the present invention.

The explanation of main Reference numeral among the figure:

101---traversing carriage 102---compression spring 103---stake bodies

104---the anti-down ratchets of ratchet 105---framework 106---

107---a pair of gear 108---spring leaf 109---main shafts

191---position limiting structure 110---clamping ring 111---extension springs

112---fastening bolt 114---base 141---one-level ratchets

142---secondary ratchet 143---three grades of ratchets 120---sheet metals

130---upper and lower electrode

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is done to describe in further detail.

Spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention, identical and protected location fixing upper and lower electrode respectively constitutes by two groups of structures.Be that example is elaborated with one of them protected location below.

Shown in Fig. 2-3 and Fig. 2-4, said protected location comprises stake body 103, and the top of said stake body 103 is the crotch structure, an end of said stake body 103 be provided with one with electrode 130 be fixedly connected and traversing carriages 101 moving up and down; The bottom of said stake body 103 is " door " word framework 105, is provided with inner support 113 moving up and down in said " door " word framework 105, and the bottom of said " door " word framework 105 is provided with base 114, and the coated on bottom side of said base 114 is covered with insulating coating; Be provided with a transverse axis 116 in the said inner support 113; Shown in Fig. 2-1; Said traversing carriage 101 is provided with through hole; Make it be inserted to said stake body 103; Moving up and down of said traversing carriage 101 is that compression spring 102 through being arranged on the main shaft 109 in the middle of stake body 103 tops and being sleeved on said main shaft 109 realizes that with the position limiting structure 191 that is arranged on said main shaft 109 position limiting structure defines traversing carriage 101 limes superiors positions, shown in Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2; Said traversing carriage 101 is provided with the clamping structure that is used for fixing electrode 103, and this clamping structure comprises the clamping ring that has opening 110 on the traversing carriage 101 and is used for the fastening bolt parts 112 of fastening this clamping ring.

Shown in Fig. 2-4; In said " door " word framework 103 of said stake body 103 bottoms, be provided with a transverse axis 113; Be fixed with a pair of gear 107 on the said transverse axis 113; And between a pair of gear 107, be provided with removable sheet metal 120, and said sheet metal 120 is a copper sheet, said copper sheet thickness is the 0.5-1.2 millimeter.Along being to have the tooth bar consistent with the said gear profile of tooth on the both sides of these sheet metal 120 length, above-mentioned a pair of gear 107 drives sheet metals 120 and moves; In order to prevent that the gear reversing is provided with anti-down ratchet 106 and shell fragment 108, shown in Fig. 2-1; In order to control the moving characteristic of sheet metal 120; The outside of a gear is provided with ratchet and pawl arrangement therein; Ratchet 104 in the said ratchet and pawl arrangement is connected with said stake body 103 through extension spring 111, and the pulling force of extension spring 111 is pressed on the gear teeth of ratchet 141 ratchet constantly; Said ratchet and pawl arrangement drives said a pair of gear 107 and rotates, and said a pair of gear drives sheet metal 120 again and moves.Said ratchet and pawl arrangement comprises the ratchet group with three grades of adjustment functions; Said ratchet group comprise three ratchets and respectively with three three ratchets that ratchet is corresponding; This ratchet group is made as has interconvertible secondary ratchet; Thereby form different assembly, then can be implemented in electrode in the pinpoint welding procedure and get ready several adjustable arbitrarily at sheet metal same position place.

Said ratchet group adopts three grades of ratchets 141,142,143, and shown in Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2, Fig. 3-3 and Fig. 3-4, one-level ratchet 141 numbers of teeth are 10, comprising the gear teeth that profile of tooth is darker; The number of teeth of secondary ratchet 142 is 8 (Fig. 3-2) or 10 (Fig. 3-3), comprising the darker gear teeth of the profile of tooth of two symmetrical distributions; The number of teeth of three grades of ratchets 143 is 10; When the one-level ratchet extend into the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth on the one-level ratchet 141, meanwhile, the secondary ratchet just contact with secondary ratchet 142, stirs 142 rotations of secondary ratchet; When the secondary ratchet extend into the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth on the secondary ratchet 142; Three grades of ratchets just contact with three grades of ratchets 143 stirs 143 rotations of three grades of ratchets; Since between three grades of ratchets 143 and the said a pair of gear 107 for being connected; Three grades of ratchets 143 drive a pair of gear 107 and rotate synchronously, and then drive sheet metal 120 moves a step-length.

The motion process of protected location is in the spot-wedling electrode protective device of the present invention:

Two protected locations are symmetric arrangement up and down; And clamp in upper and lower electrode is fixing respectively and the clamping ring 110 separately; And guarantee that the central axes of upper and lower electrode and the spindle centerline in two protected locations overlap, and insert sheet metal respectively in two protected locations.

At first combine Fig. 2-4 and Fig. 2-5; And above electrode movement is that example is described: when top electrode 130 moves downward; Drive traversing carriage 101 and move downward, at this moment on the main shaft 109 compression spring 102 be in compressive state, and promote inner support 113 and move downward.The ratchet group that inner support 113 drives on it moves downward, and forces the one-level ratchet from the original gear teeth that insert at random, to shift out.When moving downward of main shaft 109 stops (when the inner support bottom contacts with base 114); At this moment, the one-level ratchet just in time moves in the slit of next gear of one-level ratchet, and when after electrode is beaten fixed point, reclaiming; Last main shaft 109 is moved upward by the elastic force of compression spring 102; Last ratchet mechanism also moves upward, and the one-level ratchet just in time is stuck in the next gear teeth slit of one-level ratchet 141, along the circumferential direction rotates a pairing angle of the gear teeth so the one-level ratchet will promote one-level ratchet 141; At this moment, no matter be that inner support or ratchet group are all got back to original height.

In like manner; The bottom electrode part is similar with the top electrode part when motion; Just at this moment bottom electrode is motionless, and lower main axis is done the motion that then makes progress earlier downwards, brings when its downward power is moved downward by top electrode; When top electrode contacts with sheet metal in the protected location of top, make the base of protected location touch behind the workpiece and continue to promote workpiece and move downward; Can drive lower main axis after the stake body of following protected location is stressed and move downward, and then drive the ratchet and pawl arrangement motion in the protected location down, and when moving upward with last protected location in the motion of traversing carriage identical.Identical in the motion process in the motion of ratchet and pawl arrangement and the last protected location repeated no more.

Clearly in the superincumbent ratchet and pawl arrangement can play some kinds of different counting, be example with 50 here, and shown in Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-3, Fig. 3-4, the ratchet group is made up of three grades of ratchets,

On one-level ratchet and the secondary ratchet the darker gear teeth are arranged all; Have only when pawl long in the one-level ratchet runs into dark tooth; Tooth short in the secondary ratchet just can put in the gear teeth of secondary ratchet; And drive the secondary ratchet along circular motion, and when pawl short in the secondary ratchet put in the darker backlash of secondary ratchet, three grades of the shortest ratchets just can put in the gear teeth of three grades of ratchets; And drive described a pair of gear 107 and rotate, that is to say that one-level ratchets different in the ratchet group can change with secondary ratchet and three grades of ratchet cooperations and the different numbers of getting ready.

When three grades of ratchet combinations shown in the one-level ratchet shown in Fig. 3-1 and Fig. 3-3, secondary ratchet and Fig. 3-4; When one-level ratchet revolution moves a week; Drive the secondary ratchet and rotate a tooth; And rotate a tooth when moving 5 ability of secondary ratchet revolution drive three grades of ratchets, therefore,, is presented as at electrode that 50 every dozen sheet metals with a pair of gear 107 engagements of electrode just move a less distance when getting ready; The ratchet group that constitutes by three ratchets shown in Fig. 3-1, Fig. 3-2 and Fig. 3-4; When 0 one-level ratchet revolution moves a week, drive the secondary ratchet and rotate a tooth; And rotate a tooth when moving 4 ability of secondary ratchet revolution drive three grades of ratchets; Therefore,, is presented as at electrode every dozen 40 point of electrode when getting ready, with the just mobile less distance of the sheet metal of described a pair of gears engaged.

Although invention has been described for top combination figure; But the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment, and the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. spot-wedling electrode protective device, identical and protected location fixing upper and lower electrode respectively constitutes by two groups of structures, it is characterized in that:

Said protected location comprises stake body (103), and an end of said stake body (103) is provided be fixedly connected with electrode (a 130) and traversing carriage moving up and down (101);

The bottom of said stake body (103) is " door " word framework (105); Be provided with inner support moving up and down (113) in said " door " the word framework (105); The bottom of said " door " word framework (105) is provided with base (114), and the coated on bottom side of said base (114) is covered with insulating coating; Be provided with a transverse axis (116) in the said inner support (113), be fixed with a pair of gear (107) on the said transverse axis (116), removable sheet metal (120) is arranged, its both sides are the tooth bar that cooperates with said a pair of gear (107); Said a pair of gear (107) is provided with ratchet and pawl arrangement, and the ratchet in the said ratchet and pawl arrangement (104) is connected with said stake body (103) through extension spring (111), and the pulling force of extension spring (111) is pressed on the gear teeth of ratchet ratchet constantly; Said ratchet and pawl arrangement drives two gears and rotates, and said two gear driven sheet metals (120) move.

2. a kind of spot-wedling electrode protective device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The top of said stake body (103) is the crotch structure; Said traversing carriage (101) is provided with through hole, and it is inserted on the said stake body (103), and moving up and down of said traversing carriage (101) is through being arranged on the main shaft (109) in the middle of stake body (103) top and being sleeved on the compression spring (102) on the said main shaft (109) and the position limiting structure that is arranged on the said main shaft (109) is realized; Said traversing carriage (101) is provided with the clamping structure that is used for fixing electrode.

3. a kind of spot-wedling electrode protective device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said ratchet and pawl arrangement comprises the ratchet group with three grades of adjustment functions, said ratchet group comprise three ratchets and respectively with three three ratchets that ratchet is corresponding, this ratchet group be made as have interconvertible secondary ratchet; Thereby form different assembly, then can be implemented in electrode in the pinpoint welding procedure and get ready several adjustable arbitrarily at sheet metal same position place.

4. a kind of spot-wedling electrode protective device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the ratchet group with three grades of adjustment functions adopts three grades of ratchets, and wherein, one-level ratchet (141) number of teeth is 10, comprises the gear teeth that profile of tooth is darker; The number of teeth of secondary ratchet (142) is 8 or 10, comprises the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth of two symmetrical distributions; The number of teeth of three grades of ratchets (143) is 10; Go up the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth when the one-level ratchet extend into one-level ratchet (141), meanwhile, the secondary ratchet just contacts with secondary ratchet (142), stirs secondary ratchet (142) and rotates; When the secondary ratchet extend into secondary ratchet (142) when going up the darker gear teeth of profile of tooth; Three grades of ratchets just contact with three grades of ratchets (143) stirs three grades of ratchets (143) rotation; Since between three grades of ratchets (143) and the said a pair of gear (107) for being connected; Three grades of ratchets (143) drive a pair of gear (107) and rotate synchronously, and then drive the mobile step-length of sheet metal (120).

5. a kind of spot-wedling electrode protective device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said sheet metal (120) is a copper sheet, and said copper sheet thickness is the 0.5-1.2 millimeter.