CN102014397B - Radio frequency identification method and radio frequency identification system - Google Patents
Radio frequency identification method and radio frequency identification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102014397B CN102014397B CN201010277380.5A CN201010277380A CN102014397B CN 102014397 B CN102014397 B CN 102014397B CN 201010277380 A CN201010277380 A CN 201010277380A CN 102014397 B CN102014397 B CN 102014397B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radio frequency identification technology and particularly discloses a radio frequency identification method and a radio frequency identification system, which are applied in a monitoring management system for personnel, vehicles, commodities and the like. In the invention, by adopting a low-frequency awakening and information verification technology, an active tag can be subjected to high-frequency communication only within a low-frequency coverage area and does not need to work in other time, which reduces electric consumption of above 99% of time, therefore, the power supply of high-capacity batteries is not needed so that the size of the tag is further and effectively reduced. Compared with the traditional radio frequency identification technology, by adopting the mode combining the low-frequency identification and microwave signal intensity, the invention effectively improves the positioning precision to a high-speed moving object. The radio frequency identification method and system can realize the full duplex interaction of data, wherein the full duplex data communication between multiple identification objects and an information center can be realized within a large range by utilizing the characteristics of longer microwave communication distance and large wireless network capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to REID field, be specifically related to the radio-frequency identification method and the radio-frequency recognition system that in the monitoring management systems such as personnel, vehicle and commodity, use.
Background technology
Radio frequency discrimination RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology, a kind ofly by radiofrequency signal, carry out automatic identifying object (label) and obtain relevant information, and without the communication technology of setting up machinery or optics between recognition system and identifying object (label) and contacting.
Existing radio-frequency recognition system is mainly comprised of three parts: identifying object (label), reader, antenna, the radio wave that reader sends a characteristic frequency by antenna is to label, to drive label to send inner identification code (ID Code) to reader, reader receives after this identification code, then delivers to central processing system and carry out relevant data processing.
This technology not only can be identified swiftly passing object, and can identify a plurality of objects (label) simultaneously, and has simple and quick feature.Based on above-mentioned advantage, this technology, as one of core technology of Internet of Things, is widely used in the monitoring management systems such as personnel, vehicle and commodity.As: personnel's access door access control system, mass transit card Fare Collection System, vehicle non-parking charge, article identification and warehousing management etc.Wherein, can be installed on personnel, vehicle and commodity by identifying object (label), unique identifier of label storage inside (ID Code), for distinguishing different objects, by remote-wireless information interaction, completes the function of identifying object.
Wherein, RFID tag class is a lot, and mode classification is various.By the difference of applying frequency, can be divided into low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), hyperfrequency (UHF), microwave, corresponding representative frequency is respectively: low frequency 135KHz is following, high frequency 13.56MHz, hyperfrequency 860M-960MHz, microwave 2.4GHz, 5.8GHz.
At present, applying more is high frequency, hyperfrequency and three frequency ranges of microwave, but each frequency range all cannot be widely used due to the limitation of self.
Wherein: low-frequency range adopts the modulation techniques such as FSK, ASK, has obvious boundary effect, effective decipherment distance can be controlled within the limits prescribed, but because its transmission rate is lower, cannot be realized in high-speed moving object the two-way interactive of many data volumes.
Wherein: 13.56MHz high band decipherment distance only has at most 80 centimetres, cannot realize remote identification.
Wherein: hyper band, international typical frequency of utilization 915MHz ， China is divided into 840MHz-845MHz and two frequency ranges of 920MHz-925MHz, and decipherment distance is 20 meters in theory, but due to anti-metal ability, real work distance is only 3-8 rice.
Wherein: microwave section, real work decipherment distance can reach 70 meters, but due to impacts such as the scattering of microwave and multipath interference, in 2-7 rice, recognition object does not have directivity, can not realize simple target identification, and its work energy consumption is higher, need to equip high capacity cell, affects the use of label.
In summary, in current radio-frequency recognition system, between label and reader, adopt the electromagnetic wave of single-frequency to carry out semiduplex communication mode, cannot realize the accurate orientation recognition in wide region, and active label work energy consumption is higher.For example, No. 200710069085.9 patents of China CN " active radio frequency identification ", adopt exactly 433MHz radio frequency chip CC1100 to realize contactless long distance radio frequency identification, its label must send every 3 seconds a rf data, and CC1100 reception power consumption is 15mA, therefore the label most of the time, all sending data, will cause a large amount of wastes of energy consumption like this.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the first object of the present invention is to provide the radio-frequency identification method that a kind of energy consumption is low, zone location precision is high, and the second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of radio-frequency recognition system of correspondence.
For realizing above-mentioned the first goal of the invention, the present invention in the wide supervisory control system of monitoring range the technical scheme that adopts as follows:
A radio-frequency identification method for wide region, is applicable to supervise in the monitoring management system of wide ranges, and described supervision scope is divided into at least one subregion, and low frequency base station and the first high frequency base station are installed in subregion described in each; The size of described subregion is consistent with the low frequency footprint size that is installed on the low frequency base station in this subregion; Between described the first high frequency base station and the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system, the second high frequency base station is installed; A low frequency signal is transmitted to the active label that enters its subregion in described low frequency base station, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal; Described active label is compared the low frequency signal receiving, if the low frequency base coded prestoring with it matches, described active label sends one first microwave signal to the first high frequency base station in its place subregion, includes tag recognition code information and the low frequency base coded information of this active label itself in described the first microwave signal; Described the first high frequency base station is superimposed by the first microwave signal receiving and the first high frequency base coded of self, and sends described the second high frequency base station to by one second microwave signal; The center controlling platform that described the second high frequency base station is transmitted to described monitoring management system by the low frequency base coded information in the second microwave signal receiving, the first high frequency base coded information and tag recognition code information is controlled utilization.
Preferably, in order to realize, the instruction of active label to be controlled and realized duplex communication, the described tag recognition code information that the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system receives according to it, produces a control command; Described control command returns to corresponding the first high frequency base station by the second high frequency base station; Described the first high frequency base station returns to corresponding active label by the control command receiving; Described active label is carried out corresponding action according to described control command.So, can voice broadcast function etc. be set in active label, facilitate monitoring management.
This method sends low frequency signal by low frequency base station to active label, active label just wakes this active label up after receiving described low frequency signal good authentication, active label is only entered in supervision region just in running order, and do not need the transmission received RF data in cycle, thereby reduced the quiescent dissipation of active label.
This method utilizes low frequency signal scope less but cover sharply marginated feature, supervision region is divided into a plurality of subregions, low frequency base station and high frequency base station are set in every sub regions, there is different coded messages each low frequency base station from high frequency base station, by the different low frequencies base station in zones of different, encode, can accurately realize the identification location, region of label.As: after the active label that enters A subregion is waken up, a-quadrant low frequency base coded information and the tag recognition code of itself are passed to the first high frequency base station, the first high frequency base station receives after described tag recognition code, the high frequency base coded of self is superimposed with tag recognition code and by the second high frequency base station, sends to the center controlling platform of corresponding monitoring management system, center controlling platform will obtain corresponding low frequency base coded information and label information in the signal receiving, and can know the residing subregion of this label.
For realizing above-mentioned the first goal of the invention, the present invention in the narrow supervisory control system of monitoring range the technical scheme that adopts as follows:
A radio-frequency identification method for close limit, is applicable to supervise in the monitoring management system of narrow range, and described supervision scope is less than or equal to the low frequency coverage of the low frequency base station being arranged in this region; At least two the first paired high frequency base stations are installed in described supervision scope; The antenna of described each the first high frequency base station is all directional antenna, and each paired directional antenna is towards contrary; A low frequency signal is transmitted to the active label entering in its low frequency coverage in described low frequency base station, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal; Described active label is compared the low frequency signal receiving, if the low frequency base coded prestoring with it matches, described active label sends one first microwave signal in the mode of broadcast to all the first high frequency base stations in region, includes tag recognition code information and the low frequency base coded information of this active label itself in described the first microwave signal; The high frequency base station information that described the first high frequency base station is carried out the first microwave signal receiving intensity level detection and added self, and send the second high frequency base station to by the second microwave signal, in described the second microwave signal, comprise tag recognition code information, the first microwave signal intensity level information and this first high frequency base coded information; Size is carried out relatively to the first microwave signal intensity level comprising in the second microwave signal receiving in described the second high frequency base station, and the center controlling platform that the first high frequency base coded information comprising in corresponding the second microwave signal of the first microwave signal of intensity level maximum and tag recognition code information are transmitted to described monitoring management system is controlled to utilization.
Preferably, in order to realize, the instruction of active label to be controlled and realized duplex communication, the described tag recognition code information that the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system receives according to it, produces a control command; Described control command returns to corresponding the first high frequency base station by the second high frequency base station; Described the first high frequency base station returns to corresponding active label by the control command receiving; Described active label is carried out corresponding action according to described control command.So, can voice broadcast function etc. be set in active label, facilitate monitoring management.
This method sends low frequency signal by low frequency base station to active label, active label just wakes this active label up after receiving described low frequency signal good authentication, active label is only entered in supervision region just in running order, and do not need the transmission received RF data in cycle, thereby reduced the quiescent dissipation of active label.
This method is for interior zone location and movement direction of object identification, the scope of identifying is covered by the low frequency signal of a low frequency base station, within the scope of this, active label is all in running order, but this scope is distributed with two (or a plurality of) paired high frequency base station, paired high frequency antenna for base station adopts directional antenna and is rightabout and places, active label sends broadcast message continuously by microwave frequency band, because the antenna direction of different base station is different, the same bag data that send for active label, the strong and weak value of signal that receive different high frequencies base station is different, if signal is received in a certain high frequency base station, strong and weak value is maximum, care label is nearer apart from this base station, otherwise far away, thereby reach the judgement to tag motion direction.
Preferably, in order clearly to divide the communication of each sub regions and wide region, the frequency of described low frequency signal is 125K hertz; The frequency of described the first microwave signal and the second microwave signal is 2.4 hertz.
For realizing above-mentioned the second goal of the invention, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A radio-frequency recognition system, this system comprises low frequency base station, active label, high frequency base station; Described low frequency base station in order to produce a low frequency signal, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal; Described active label, in order to receive low frequency signal, and described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded prestoring are within it compared, if the two matches, wake the microprocessor module of this active label up, information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in high-frequency model and the high frequency base station of described microprocessor module instruction active label; Described high frequency base station, in order to receive and to send microwave signal, forwards other devices by the information in the microwave signal receiving and uses.
Described low frequency base station comprises first microprocessor chip, high power amplifier and the first low-frequency antenna; Described low frequency base station, in order to produce a low frequency signal, specifically: described first microprocessor chip produces a low frequency signal; Described high power amplifier amplifies processing by described low frequency signal; Described the first low-frequency antenna is launched described low frequency signal in low-frequency electromagnetic wave mode.
Described active label comprises the second low-frequency antenna, demodulation filtration module, low frequency identification module, the second microprocessor chip, a RF module and the first high frequency antenna; Described active label, in order to receive low frequency signal, and described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded prestoring are within it compared, if matching, the two wakes the microprocessor module of this active label up, information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in high-frequency model and the high frequency base station of described microprocessor module instruction active label, specifically: described the second low-frequency antenna receives low frequency signal and is transferred to demodulation filtration module; Described demodulation filtration module is separated mediation filtering by described low frequency signal and is processed and be transferred to low frequency identification module; Described low frequency identification module is compared described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded information prestoring, if the two coupling produces an interrupt signal to wake the second microprocessor chip up; Information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in described the second microprocessor chip instruction the one RF module and the first high frequency antenna and high frequency base station.
Described high frequency base station comprises the second high frequency antenna, the 2nd RF module, the 3rd micro treatment module and serial communication modular; Described high frequency base station, in order to receive and to send microwave signal, forwards other devices by the information in the microwave signal receiving and uses, specifically: described the second high frequency antenna and the 2nd RF module receive and send microwave signal; Described the 3rd microprocessor is controlled the transmitting-receiving of the second high frequency antenna and the 2nd RF module, and the information exchange in the microwave signal receiving is crossed to serial communication modular is transmitted to other devices and uses.
Preferably, described active label also comprises a voice module, and described voice module is connected with described the second microprocessor chip.
The present invention adopts low frequency wake-up and Information Authentication technology, and active label only, in low frequency coverage, just carries out HF communication, other times are without work, it has reduced the electric quantity consumption of 99% above time, thereby powers without high capacity cell, and then has effectively reduced the volume of label.
The mode that the present invention adopts low frequency identification and microwave signal intensity to combine, REID more originally, has effectively promoted the positioning precision to high-speed moving object.
It is mutual that the present invention can realize the full duplex of data: utilize the distant and large feature of wireless network capacitance of microwave communication, can realize on a large scale in, the full duplex data communication of many identifying objects and information centre.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is at the theory structure schematic diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of wide region;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is at the theory structure schematic diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of close limit;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of low frequency of the present invention base station;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of high frequency of the present invention base station;
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of active label of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the idiographic flow block diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of wide region of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the idiographic flow block diagram of the radio-frequency identification method medium and low frequency base station of close limit of the present invention;
Fig. 8 be in the radio-frequency identification method of close limit of the present invention with the idiographic flow block diagram of the second high frequency base station;
Fig. 9 is active label and the first high frequency base station idiographic flow block diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of close limit of the present invention.
In figure:
100, low frequency base station 200, active label
300, high frequency base station 310, the first high frequency base station
320, the second high frequency base station
101, first microprocessor chip 102, high power amplifier
103, the first low-frequency antenna 104, DC power supply
105, large power supply
201, the second low-frequency antenna 202, demodulation filtration module
203, low frequency identification module 204, the second microprocessor chip
205, a RF module 206, the first high frequency antenna
207, encrypting module 208, voice module
209, power management module
301, the second high frequency antenna 302, the 2nd RF module
303, the 3rd microprocessor chip 304, serial communication modular
305, memory module 306, power module
307, encrypting module
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, describe the present invention in detail, in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, be used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment discloses a kind of radio-frequency recognition system, this system comprises low frequency base station 100, active label 200, high frequency base station 300, its medium and low frequency base station 100 in order to produce a low frequency signal, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal; Described active label 200, in order to receive low frequency signal, and described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded prestoring are within it compared, if the two matches, wake the microprocessor module of this active label up, information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in high-frequency model and the high frequency base station of described microprocessor module instruction active label; Described high frequency base station 300, in order to receive and to send microwave signal, forwards other devices by the information in the microwave signal receiving and uses.
Fig. 3 is low frequency architecture of base station schematic diagram, as shown in the figure, this base station adopts DC power supply 104 and large power supply 105 dual power supplies, Master control chip-first microprocessor chip 101 adopts DC power supply 104 power supplies, radio frequency amplifier 102 adopts high-power DC power supply 105 power supplies, to meet the requirement of low frequency signal radiant power.Data message is at first microprocessor chip 101, after encrypting, encode and modulating, transfer to high power amplifier 102, after high power amplifier 102 amplifies signal, by the first low-frequency antenna, send, described the first low-frequency antenna is 50 ohm of remote low-frequency antennas.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of high frequency of the present invention base station 300, as shown in the figure, the output Vcc of power module 306, ground terminal are connected with operating voltage input Vin, the ground terminal GND of the 3rd microprocessor chip 303 and the 2nd RF module 302 respectively, and sheet choosing end/SS, the data input pin MISO of main control MCU chip-tri-microprocessor chips 303, data output end MOSI, output terminal of clock CLKM are connected with sheet choosing end/SEL, data output end MISO, data input pin MOSI, the input end of clock SCLK of the 2nd RF module respectively; The data communication end of serial communication modular 304 is connected with the serial communication end UART of MCU chip; The data terminal of memory module 305, control end connect respectively at data terminal Data, the storage control end Control of MCU chip.Wherein, MCU chip, RF module, encrypting module also can adopt SOC (system on a chip) Soc to complete.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of active label 200 of the present invention, this device adopts battery power, and the voltage output end V_Battery of power management module 209 is connected with the operating voltage input Vin_ADC of RF module 205 operating voltage input Vin and MCU chip-the second microprocessor chip 204; The ground terminal GND of power management module is connected with the ground terminal GND of RF module 205 ground terminal GND and MCU chip; Sheet choosing end/SS, the data input pin MISO of main control MCU, data output end MOSI, output terminal of clock CLKM are connected with sheet choosing end/SEL, data output end MISO, data input pin MOSI, the input end of clock SCLK of a RF module respectively; The IO port Port_IO of MCU chip is connected with the signal output part of low frequency identification module 203; The speech data input of voice module 208, control end connect respectively at data terminal Vic_Data, the storage control end Control of MCU chip.Wherein, MCU chip, RF module, encrypting module also can adopt SOC (system on a chip) Soc to complete.After low frequency signal receives by low-frequency antenna, by solution, be in harmonious proportion filtration module, transfer to low frequency identification module, in low frequency identification module settling signal checking with compare.
Wherein, the PIC18F4620 chip (or PIC18F44K20 chip) that Master control chip-first microprocessor chip 101 of low frequency base station adopts MicroChip company to manufacture; The CC2420 chip that the ShiTI company that the RF radio frequency chip of high frequency base station 300, active label 200 is selected manufactures, MCU chip is selected the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer of TI company.The MCP2030 chip that active label medium and low frequency identification filtration module adopts MicroChip company to manufacture.Voice module adopts the OSYNO6188 chipspeech of Beijing Yishitongli Smart Communications Technology Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 1 be the present invention at the theory structure schematic diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of wide region, in figure, only schematically supervision scope is divided for two sub regions, it should be noted that, can be divided into a plurality of subregions according to actual supervision scope; Low frequency base station 100 and the first high frequency base station 310 are installed in subregion described in each, the size of described subregion is consistent with the low frequency footprint size that is installed on the low frequency base station 100 in this subregion, between the first high frequency base station 310 and the center controlling platform (not shown) of monitoring management system, the second high frequency base station 320 is installed.
Below transfer of data and the interaction flow within the scope of this supervision:
1, after active label 200 enters in supervision scope, will receive the low frequency signal of low frequency base station 100 transmission, in described low frequency signal, include the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station;
2, active label 200 is compared the low frequency signal receiving, if the low frequency base coded prestoring with it matches, described active label 200 sends one first microwave signal to the first high frequency base station 310 in its place subregion, includes the tag recognition code information of this active label itself and the low frequency base coded information of coupling in described the first microwave signal;
3, described the first high frequency base station 310 is superimposed by the tag recognition code receiving and the first high frequency base coded of self, and sends described the second high frequency base station 320 to by one second microwave signal;
4, the center controlling platform (not shown) that described the second high frequency base station 320 is transmitted to described monitoring management system by the first high frequency base coded information, low frequency base coded information and tag recognition code information in the second microwave signal receiving is controlled utilization;
5, the described tag recognition code information that the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system receives according to it, produce a control command, described control command returns to corresponding the first high frequency base station 310 by the second high frequency base station 320, described the first high frequency base station 310 returns to corresponding active label 200 by the control command receiving, and described active label 200 is carried out corresponding action according to described control command.
Fig. 6 is the idiographic flow block diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of wide region of the present invention, as shown in the figure:
The process step S1 of low frequency base station 100 is:
Step S1-1: start low frequency base station 100, initiating hardware;
Step S1-2: the command information that needs transmission is read in low frequency base station 100;
Step S1-3: filter data frame head is added in low frequency base station 100;
Step S1-4: preamble data is added in low frequency base station 100, and information frame is encrypted;
Step S1-5: low frequency base station 100 initialization 125KHz carrier waveform generators;
Step S1-6: low frequency base station 100 is modulated to the packet information frame after encrypting on 125KHz carrier wave;
Step S1-7: low frequency base station 100 sends 125KHz modulating wave;
After being sent completely, low frequency base station 100 enters regularly sleep, is ready for sending next frame data;
The operating procedure S2 of the first high frequency base station 310 is:
Step S2-1: start the first high frequency base station 310, initiating hardware and initialization network;
Step S2-2: outstanding message;
Step S2-3: information is from the second high frequency base station 320, the first high frequency base station 310 resolving informations;
Step S2-4: the first high frequency base station 310, by the information after step S2-3 processing, is sent to the label of corresponding receiver address;
Step S2-5: information is added home base stations coding from active label 200, the first high frequency base stations 310;
Step S2-6: the information after step S2-5 is processed in the first high frequency base station 310 is sent to the second high frequency base station 320, is convenient to the second high frequency base station 320 and processes label information.
The operating procedure S3 of the second high frequency base station 320 is:
Step S3-1: start the second high frequency base station 320, initiating hardware and initialization network;
Step S3-2: wait for the first high frequency base station 310 information;
Step S3-3: obtain the information that the first high frequency base station 310 sends, the second high frequency base station 320 resolving informations, low frequency base station 100 information that obtain according to active label 200, judge label place low frequency region, thus positioning label;
Step S3-4: label information, according to the parameter of default, is revised in the second high frequency base station 320;
Step S3-5: the information after step S3-4 is processed in the second high frequency base station 320, is sent to the first high frequency base station 310 of uploading label information;
The operating procedure S4 of active label 200 is:
Step S4-1: start active label 200, initiating hardware and initialization network;
Step S4-2: active label 200 enters sleep pattern;
Step S4-3: active label 200 enters low frequency signal effective coverage range, the packet that low frequency base station 100 sends, after low-frequency antenna, demodulation filtering and low frequency identification module, data transaction becomes digital level pulse train, the IO that triggers active label 200 interrupts, active label 200 reads low-frequency data, carries out software envelope detection;
Step S4-4: the data after active label 200 is processed step S4-3, carry out carrying out information filtering according to head of packet, extract useful information;
Step S4-5: after the 100 lead code code word verification succeeds of low frequency base station, the information that active label 200 sends by low frequency base station 100, obtains low frequency base coded, carries out area code detection, obtains active label region information;
Step S4-6: active label 200, according to area information, is set high frequency network parameter;
Step S4-7: active label 200 is sent to self information the first high frequency base station 310 of region;
Step S4-8: active label 200 starts reception timer, waits for and receives 310 times, the first high frequency base station photos and sending messages;
Step S4-9: wait for reception information;
Step S4-10: receive 310 times, the first high frequency base station photos and sending messages, active label 200 is closed reception timer, and reception information is carried out to related resolution and processing;
Step S4-11: in the information after active label 200 is processed step S4-10, obtain voice broadcast information, after digital speech synthesis, play voice messaging.
Embodiment 3:
Fig. 2 be the present invention at the theory structure schematic diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of close limit, be applicable to supervise in the monitoring management system of narrow range.As shown in the figure, described supervision scope is less than or equal to the low frequency coverage of the low frequency base station 100 being arranged in this region, at least two the first paired high frequency base stations 310 are installed in described supervision scope, it should be noted that and in figure, only schematically drawn two paired situations, certainly the present invention also comprises the situation that other are multipair, the antenna of described each the first high frequency base station 310 is all directional antenna, and each directional antenna is towards contrary.
Below transfer of data and the interaction flow within the scope of this supervision:
1,, when active label 200 enters into behind this supervision region, by the low frequency signal receiving from low frequency base station 100, in described low frequency signal, include the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station;
2, active label 200 is compared the low frequency signal receiving, if the low frequency base coded prestoring with it matches, described active label 200 sends one first microwave signal in the mode of broadcast to all the first high frequency base stations 310 in region, includes the tag recognition code information of this active label itself in described the first microwave signal;
3, intensity level detection is carried out by the first microwave signal receiving in each the first high frequency base station 310, and adds tag recognition code and the high frequency base station information of self, and sends the second high frequency base station 320 to by the second microwave signal;
4, size is carried out relatively by the signal strength values of the first microwave signal comprising in each second microwave signal receiving in the second high frequency base station 320, and the center controlling platform that the high frequency base coded information of the first high frequency base station comprising in corresponding the second microwave signal of the first microwave signal of intensity level maximum and tag recognition code information are transmitted to described monitoring management system is controlled to utilization.
5, the described tag recognition code information that the center controlling platform of monitoring management system receives according to it, produce a control command, described control command returns to corresponding the first high frequency base station 310 by the second high frequency base station 320, described the first high frequency base station 310 returns to corresponding active label 200 by the control command receiving, and described active label 200 is carried out corresponding action according to described control command.
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are the idiographic flow block diagram of the radio-frequency identification method of close limit of the present invention, as shown in the figure:
In the present embodiment, the process step of low frequency base station 100 is similarly S1:
Step S1-1: start low frequency base station 100, initiating hardware;
Step S1-2: the command information that needs transmission is read in low frequency base station 100;
Step S1-3: filter data frame head is added in low frequency base station 100;
Step S1-4: preamble data is added in low frequency base station 100, and information frame is encrypted;
Step S1-5: low frequency base station 100 initialization 125KHz carrier waveform generators;
Step S1-6: low frequency base station 100 is modulated to the packet information frame after encrypting on 125KHz carrier wave;
Step S1-7: low frequency base station 100 sends 125KHz modulating wave;
After being sent completely, low frequency base station 100 enters regularly sleep, is ready for sending next frame data;
In the present embodiment, the operating procedure of two the first high frequency base stations 310 is all S5:
Step S5-1: start the first high frequency base station 310, initiating hardware and initialization network;
Step S5-2: wait for reception information;
Step S5-3: if information is from the second high frequency base station 320, the first high frequency base station 310 resolving informations;
Step S5-4: by the information after S5-3 step process, according to label network address, information is sent to active label 200;
Step S5-5: as information detects the strong and weak value of signal of the packet receiving from active label 200, the first high frequency base stations 310;
Step S5-6: local high frequency base coded information, by the tag recognition code information receiving, is added in the first high frequency base station 310;
Step S5-7: the information after step S5-6 is processed in the first high frequency base station, is sent to the second high frequency base station 320;
In the present embodiment, the operating procedure S6 of the second high frequency base station 320 is:
Step S6-1: start the second high frequency base station 320, initiating hardware and initialization network;
Step S6-2: wait for reception information;
Step S6-3: receive 2 packets of information from the first high frequency base station 310, the second high frequency base station resolving information bag, obtain from the same bag sequence number of same label, but from the information of different next stage high frequencies base station, in this information, include the same bag data of active label 200 transmissions by the signal strength values of different next stage high frequencies base station reception;
Step S6-4: 2 different signal strength values that the second high frequency base station 320 obtains after step S6-3 is processed, compare, if in the data from the first high frequency base station 310, the signal strength values of active label 200 is greater than the label signal intensity level from the data of another the first high frequency base station 310, active label 200 these the first high frequency base station 310 antenna surfaces to region in, otherwise, another the first high frequency base station 310 antenna surfaces to region in.
Step S6-5: revise label information according to system default parameter, and information is sent to the first larger high frequency base station 310 of signal strength values in S6-3;
In the present embodiment, the operating procedure biconditional operation step S4 of active label 200:
Step S4-1: start active label 200, initiating hardware and initialization network;
Step S4-2: active label 200 enters sleep pattern;
Step S4-3: active label 200 enters low frequency signal effective coverage range, the packet that low frequency base station 100 sends, after low-frequency antenna, demodulation filtering and low frequency identification module, data transaction becomes digital level pulse train, the IO that triggers active label 200 interrupts, active label 200 reads low-frequency data, carries out software envelope detection;
Step S4-4: the data after active label 200 is processed step S4-3, carry out carrying out information filtering according to head of packet, extract useful information;
Step S4-5: after the 100 lead code code word verification succeeds of low frequency base station, the information that active label 200 sends by low frequency base station 100, obtains low frequency base coded, carries out area code detection, obtains active label region information;
Step S4-6: active label 200, according to area information, is set high frequency network parameter;
Step S4-7: active label 200 is sent to self information the first high frequency base station 310 of region;
Step S4-8: active label 200 starts reception timer, waits for and receives 310 times, the first high frequency base station photos and sending messages;
Step S4-9: wait for reception information;
Step S4-10: receive 310 times, the first high frequency base station photos and sending messages, active label 200 is closed reception timer, and reception information is carried out to related resolution and processing;
Step S4-11: in the information after active label 200 is processed step S4-10, obtain voice broadcast information, after digital speech synthesis, play voice messaging.
Hardware complexity of the present invention is low, volume is little, the mode that adopts in addition 125KHz low frequency and 2.4GHz high-frequency signal to combine, the wireless long distance radio frequency identification of realization to active label, the system forming has accuracy of identification feature high, low in energy consumption, can realize on the one hand the identifying of high-speed moving object, can identify a plurality of electronic tags on the other hand simultaneously.In function, not only data are can full duplex mutual, and active label energy broadcast voice information.
The present invention applies to wireless long distance radio frequency identification by double frequency pattern, reduced label power consumption, effectively reduce the volume of label, and improved the positioning precision of label, possessed feature simple to operate, that identification accuracy is high, data reliability is high and information privacy is good.
The present invention, combines 2.4GHz and 125KHz frequency, increases low frequency identification module and voice synthetic module in active label, utilizes low-frequency technology, activates the label in resting state, reduces active label power consumption.Meanwhile, in conjunction with low frequency signal limited coverage area and sharply marginated feature, realize label area location.Utilize 2.4GHz frequency range, the strong and weak value of signal of the label information that the directional antenna of different directions receives is different, realizes the interior identification to movement direction of object among a small circle.Label adopts speech digit synthetic technology, realizes the voice broadcast of data.
It should be noted that, above embodiment only illustrates to disclose high frequency 2.4GHz, low frequency 125KHz, the invention is not restricted to this, can also select high band and the low-frequency range electromagnetic wave of other frequencies, be mainly to utilize low-frequency electromagnetic wave to have the feature of the less and high-frequency propagation distance of obvious border coverage.
The technical scheme above embodiment of the present invention being provided is described in detail, applied specific case herein the principle of the embodiment of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to help to understand the principle of the embodiment of the present invention; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in embodiment and range of application, all will change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.
Claims (8)
1. a radio-frequency identification method for wide region, is applicable to supervise in the monitoring management system of wide ranges, it is characterized in that:
Described supervision scope is divided into at least one subregion, low frequency base station and the first high frequency base station are installed in subregion described in each;
The size of described subregion is consistent with the low frequency footprint size that is installed on the low frequency base station in this subregion;
Between described the first high frequency base station and the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system, the second high frequency base station is installed;
A low frequency signal is transmitted to the active label that enters its subregion in described low frequency base station, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal;
Described active label is compared the low frequency signal receiving, if the low frequency base coded prestoring with it matches, described active label sends one first microwave signal to the first high frequency base station in its place subregion, includes tag recognition code information and the low frequency base coded information of this active label itself in described the first microwave signal;
Described the first high frequency base station is superimposed by the first microwave signal receiving and the first high frequency base coded of self, and sends described the second high frequency base station to by one second microwave signal;
The center controlling platform that described the second high frequency base station is transmitted to described monitoring management system by the low frequency base coded information in the second microwave signal receiving, the first high frequency base coded information and tag recognition code information is controlled utilization;
The described tag recognition code information that the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system receives according to it, produces a control command;
Described control command returns to corresponding the first high frequency base station by the second high frequency base station;
Described the first high frequency base station returns to corresponding active label by the control command receiving;
Described active label is carried out corresponding action according to described control command.
2. a radio-frequency identification method for close limit, is applicable to supervise in the monitoring management system of narrow range, it is characterized in that:
Described supervision scope is less than or equal to the low frequency coverage of the low frequency base station being arranged in this region;
At least two the first paired high frequency base stations are installed in described supervision scope;
The antenna of described each the first high frequency base station is all directional antenna, and each paired directional antenna is towards contrary;
A low frequency signal is transmitted to the active label entering in its low frequency coverage in described low frequency base station, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal;
Described active label is compared the low frequency signal receiving, if the low frequency base coded prestoring with it matches, described active label sends one first microwave signal in the mode of broadcast to all the first high frequency base stations in region, includes tag recognition code information and the low frequency base coded information of this active label itself in described the first microwave signal;
The high frequency base station information that described the first high frequency base station is carried out the first microwave signal receiving intensity level detection and added self, and send the second high frequency base station to by the second microwave signal, in described the second microwave signal, comprise tag recognition code information, the first microwave signal intensity level information and this first high frequency base coded information;
Size is carried out relatively to the first microwave signal intensity level comprising in the second microwave signal receiving in described the second high frequency base station, and the center controlling platform that the first high frequency base coded information comprising in corresponding the second microwave signal of the first microwave signal of intensity level maximum and tag recognition code information are transmitted to described monitoring management system is controlled to utilization.
3. the radio-frequency identification method of close limit according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
The described tag recognition code information that the center controlling platform of described monitoring management system receives according to it, produces a control command;
Described control command returns to corresponding the first high frequency base station by the second high frequency base station;
Described the first high frequency base station returns to corresponding active label by the control command receiving;
Described active label is carried out corresponding action according to described control command.
4. according to the radio-frequency identification method described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that:
The frequency of described low frequency signal is 125K hertz;
The frequency of described the first microwave signal and the second microwave signal is 2.4G hertz.
5. a radio-frequency recognition system, is characterized in that:
This system comprises low frequency base station, active label, high frequency base station;
Described low frequency base station in order to produce a low frequency signal, includes the low frequency base coded information of this low frequency base station in described low frequency signal;
Described active label, in order to receive low frequency signal, and described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded prestoring are within it compared, if the two matches, wake the microprocessor module of this active label up, information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in high-frequency model and the high frequency base station of described microprocessor module instruction active label;
Described high frequency base station, in order to receive and to send microwave signal, forwards other devices by the information in the microwave signal receiving and uses;
Described low frequency base station comprises first microprocessor chip, high power amplifier and the first low-frequency antenna;
Described low frequency base station, in order to produce a low frequency signal, specifically:
Described first microprocessor chip produces a low frequency signal;
Described high power amplifier amplifies processing by described low frequency signal;
Described the first low-frequency antenna is launched described low frequency signal in low-frequency electromagnetic wave mode.
6. radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described active label comprises the second low-frequency antenna, demodulation filtration module, low frequency identification module, the second microprocessor chip, a RF module and the first high frequency antenna;
Described active label, in order to receive low frequency signal, and described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded prestoring are within it compared, if matching, the two wakes the microprocessor module of this active label up, information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in high-frequency model and the high frequency base station of described microprocessor module instruction active label, specifically:
Described the second low-frequency antenna receives low frequency signal and is transferred to demodulation filtration module;
Described demodulation filtration module is separated mediation filtering by described low frequency signal and is processed and be transferred to low frequency identification module;
Described low frequency identification module is compared described low frequency signal and the low frequency base coded information prestoring, if the two coupling produces an interrupt signal to wake the second microprocessor chip up;
Information interaction is carried out by microwave signal in described the second microprocessor chip instruction the one RF module and the first high frequency antenna and high frequency base station.
7. radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
Described active label also comprises a voice module, and described voice module is connected with described the second microprocessor chip.
8. radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described high frequency base station comprises the second high frequency antenna, the 2nd RF module, the 3rd micro treatment module and serial communication modular;
Described high frequency base station, in order to receive and to send microwave signal, forwards other devices by the information in the microwave signal receiving and uses, specifically:
Described the second high frequency antenna and the 2nd RF module receive and send microwave signal;
Described the 3rd microprocessor is controlled the transmitting-receiving of the second high frequency antenna and the 2nd RF module, and the information exchange in the microwave signal receiving is crossed to serial communication modular is transmitted to other devices and uses.
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