CN102012463A - In situ measurement method for relative dielectric constant of stratum - Google Patents

In situ measurement method for relative dielectric constant of stratum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102012463A
CN102012463A CN 201010297934 CN201010297934A CN102012463A CN 102012463 A CN102012463 A CN 102012463A CN 201010297934 CN201010297934 CN 201010297934 CN 201010297934 A CN201010297934 A CN 201010297934A CN 102012463 A CN102012463 A CN 102012463A
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stratum
electromagnetic wave
dielectric constant
relative dielectric
velocity
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单治钢
蔡连初
黄世强
周春宏
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Zhejiang Huadong Engineering Safety Technology Co ltd
Zhejiang Huadong Construction Engineering Co Ltd
Hydrochina East China Engineering Corp
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Zhejiang Huadong Engineering Safety Technology Co ltd
Zhejiang Huadong Construction Engineering Co Ltd
Hydrochina East China Engineering Corp
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Priority to CN 201010297934 priority Critical patent/CN102012463A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to an in situ measurement method for a relative dielectric constant of a stratum. The method solves the technical problem of avoiding an error or a mistake caused by using a stratum rock sample measurement parameter or an estimated numerical value by directly measuring electromagnetic wave speed and relative dielectric constant of the in situ stratum on site and directly using the actually measured electromagnetic wave speed and relative dielectric constant for time depth conversion and image analysis of radar detection. In order to solve the problem, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps of: measuring the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave of the stratum on site by adopting a direct wave method, a wide angle reflection method or a narrow angle reflection method; and reckoning the relative dielectric constant of the stratum according to a formula epsilon r=c2/v2. The method can be used for geological advanced forecast and geological radar detection of tunnels or holes.

Description

A kind of stratum relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stratum relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method.Be applicable to tunnel or tunnel geology advanced prediction and geologic radar detection.
Background technology
Stratum dielectric constant is the important parameter of geological radar forecast or geologic radar detection, chooses formation core sample usually, adopts methods such as reflectometry, transmission beam method, coherent method and standing wave method to measure the relative dielectric constant of ground test specimen in the laboratory.Because test specimen is subjected to effects such as air-dry dehydration, stress relaxation in making and preservation process, cause the water percentage and the character of rock sample to have greatly changed, with the proterties on original position stratum bigger difference is arranged, the rock sample relative dielectric constant of experiment indoor measurement can't be represented stratum media, will directly influence the effect of tunnel (hole) geology advanced prediction and geologic radar detection.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: at described present situation, a kind of stratum relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method is provided, be intended to directly measure the velocity of electromagnetic wave and the relative dielectric constant on original position stratum by the scene, with actual measurement velocity of electromagnetic wave and relative dielectric constant be directly used in radar detection the time change (time section is converted to depth section) and image analysis deeply, to avoid because of using formation core sample location parameter or estimation error or mistake that numerical value was brought.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of stratum relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method is characterized in that comprising step:
1, adopts direct wave method, wide corner reflection method or narrow corner reflection method field survey stratum electromagnetic wave propagation speed;
2, according to the relative dielectric constant on following formula to calculating stratum:
ε r＝c 2/v 2
In the formula, c is the vacuum electromagnetic wave velocity, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave, ε rBe relative dielectric constant.
Described direct wave method is for placing the emitting antenna (T) and the receiving antenna (R) of geological radar respectively in two crossing tunnels, and FRPA-Fixed Radiation Pattern Antenna, mobile receiver aerial is to change two air line distance s between antenna, arrive t hourage of receiving antenna from emitting antenna by the electromagnetic wave of measuring different distance, calculate the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum, and then extrapolate the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT on stratum r, stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave computing formula is as follows:
v = s t
In the formula, s is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and t is the time of electromagnetic wave travelling, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
Described wide corner reflection method comprises two substantially parallel tunnels, the sidewall of a tunnel is placed the emitting antenna and the receiving antenna of geological radar therein, mobile in opposite directions emitting antenna and receiving antenna, from the close-by examples to those far off adjust the spacing x of two antennas, reflection electromagnetic wave t hourage of the known reflecting interface by measuring different spacing, calculate the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum, and then extrapolate the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT on stratum r, stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave computing formula is as follows:
v = 4 h 2 + x 2 t
In the formula, x is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and h is the common reflection point degree of depth, and t is electromagnetic wave hourage, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
Described narrow corner reflection method comprises two substantially parallel tunnels, the sidewall of a tunnel is placed the emitting antenna and the receiving antenna of geological radar therein, and keep relatively-stationary apart from x, with moved further emitting antenna and receiving antenna, measure reflection electromagnetic wave t hourage of known reflecting interface, calculate the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum, and then extrapolate the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT on stratum r, stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave computing formula is as follows:
v = 4 h 2 + x 2 t
In the formula, x is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and h is the thickness of reflecting interface, and t is electromagnetic wave hourage, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: because relative dielectric constant is the important parameter of geological radar forecast or detection, velocity of electromagnetic wave by the on-site measurement stratum, obtain the real relative dielectric constant in stratum thus, position, scope and the scale of dark conversion and definite target geologic body in the time of can carrying out more exactly, help analyzing the character of geologic body, thereby greatly improved the accuracy and the detection accuracy of tunnel (hole) geology advanced prediction and geologic radar detection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that embodiment 1 measures the stratum velocity of electromagnetic waves.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that embodiment 2 measures the stratum velocity of electromagnetic waves.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that embodiment 3 measures the stratum velocity of electromagnetic waves.
Embodiment
For stratum non magnetic, the low conductivity class, under the high frequency antenna mode of operation, meet low-loss dielectric limiting case: (in the formula: ω is an angular frequency, and ε is the medium specific inductive capacity, and σ is a medium conductivity).According to the electromagnetic wave wave theory, electromagnetic speed is in the medium:
v = 1 μ 0 ϵ r ϵ 0 = c ϵ r
(in the formula: μ 0Be the magnetic permeability in the vacuum, ε 0Be the specific inductive capacity of vacuum, ε rRelative dielectric constant for medium)
Can derive the relative dielectric constant computing formula thus:
ε r＝c 2/v 2
By following formula as seen, according to surveying the stratum propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave relative dielectric constant of layer calculably.According to the on-the-spot test condition, can adopt direct wave method, wide corner reflection method or narrow corner reflection method to obtain the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave on stratum.Now in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawing (in Fig. 1～3, level to arrow represent the moving direction of antenna) above-mentioned three kinds of methods are described in detail:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment has two crossing tunnels, draws the relative dielectric constant on stratum by adopting direct wave method field survey stratum electromagnetic wave propagation speed, and step is as follows:
1) in two crossing tunnels, places the emitting antenna T and the receiving antenna R of geological radar respectively, and FRPA-Fixed Radiation Pattern Antenna, mobile receiver aerial is to change two air line distance s between antenna, electromagnetic wave by measuring different distance arrives t hourage of receiving antenna from emitting antenna, calculates the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum:
v = s t
In the formula, s is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and t is the time of electromagnetic wave travelling, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
2) according to the relative dielectric constant on following formula to calculating stratum:
ε r＝c 2/v 2
In the formula, c is the vacuum electromagnetic wave velocity, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave, ε rBe relative dielectric constant.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiment has two substantially parallel tunnels, draws the relative dielectric constant on stratum by adopting wide corner reflection method field survey stratum electromagnetic wave propagation speed, and step is as follows:
1) sidewall of a tunnel is placed the emitting antenna T and the receiving antenna R of geological radar therein, and mobile in opposite directions emitting antenna and receiving antenna are from the close-by examples to those far off adjusted the spacing x of two antennas, measure reflection electromagnetic wave t hourage of the known reflecting interface of different spacing.As shown in Figure 2, electromagnetic wave arrives receiving antenna R from emitting antenna T after common reflection point O reflection,
Figure BSA00000291121500042
So can draw stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave v:
v = 2 × h 2 + ( x 2 ) 2 t = 4 h 2 + x 2 t
In the formula, x is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and h is the common reflection point degree of depth, and t is electromagnetic wave hourage, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
2) according to the relative dielectric constant on following formula to calculating stratum:
ε r＝c 2/v 2
In the formula, c is the vacuum electromagnetic wave velocity, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave, ε rBe relative dielectric constant.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 3, present embodiment has two substantially parallel tunnels, draws the relative dielectric constant on stratum by adopting narrow corner reflection method field survey stratum electromagnetic wave propagation speed, and step is as follows:
1) sidewall of a tunnel is placed the emitting antenna T and the receiving antenna R of geological radar therein, and keeps relatively-stationary apart from x, with moved further emitting antenna and receiving antenna, measures reflection electromagnetic wave t hourage of known reflecting interface.As shown in Figure 3, electromagnetic wave from emitting antenna T through reflection spot (O 1, O 2Or O 3) reflection back arrival receiving antenna R,
Figure BSA00000291121500051
And then draw stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave v:
v = 2 × h 2 + ( x 2 ) 2 t = 4 h 2 + x 2 t
In the formula, x is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and h is the thickness of reflecting interface, and t is electromagnetic wave hourage, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
2) according to the relative dielectric constant on following formula to calculating stratum:
ε r＝c 2/v 2
In the formula, c is the vacuum electromagnetic wave velocity, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave, ε rBe relative dielectric constant.

Claims (4)

1. stratum relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method is characterized in that comprising step:
1.1, adopt direct wave method, wide corner reflection method or narrow corner reflection method field survey stratum electromagnetic wave propagation speed;
1.2, according to the relative dielectric constant on following formula to calculating stratum:
ε r＝c 2/v 2
In the formula, c is the vacuum electromagnetic wave velocity, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave, ε rBe relative dielectric constant.
2. relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method in stratum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described direct wave method is for placing the emitting antenna (T) and the receiving antenna (R) of geological radar respectively in two crossing tunnels, and FRPA-Fixed Radiation Pattern Antenna, mobile receiver aerial is to change two air line distance s between antenna, arrive t hourage of receiving antenna from emitting antenna by the electromagnetic wave of measuring different distance, calculate the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum, and then extrapolate the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT on stratum r, stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave computing formula is as follows:
v = s t
In the formula, s is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and t is the time of electromagnetic wave travelling, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
3. relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method in stratum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wide corner reflection method comprises two substantially parallel tunnels, the sidewall of a tunnel is placed the emitting antenna (T) and the receiving antenna (R) of geological radar therein, mobile in opposite directions emitting antenna and receiving antenna, from the close-by examples to those far off adjust the spacing x of two antennas, reflection electromagnetic wave t hourage of the known reflecting interface by measuring different spacing, calculate the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum, and then extrapolate the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT on stratum r, stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave computing formula is as follows:
v = 4 h 2 + x 2 t
In the formula, x is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and h is the common reflection point degree of depth, and t is electromagnetic wave hourage, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
4. relative dielectric constant on-site measurement method in stratum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described narrow corner reflection method comprises two substantially parallel tunnels, the sidewall of a tunnel is placed the emitting antenna (T) and the receiving antenna (R) of geological radar therein, and keep relatively-stationary apart from x, with moved further emitting antenna and receiving antenna, measure reflection electromagnetic wave t hourage of known reflecting interface, calculate the propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave v on stratum, and then extrapolate the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT on stratum r, stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave computing formula is as follows:
v = 4 h 2 + x 2 t
In the formula, x is the distance of emitting antenna to receiving antenna, and h is the thickness of reflecting interface, and t is electromagnetic wave hourage, and v is the stratum velocity of electromagnetic wave.
CN 201010297934 2010-09-28 2010-09-28 In situ measurement method for relative dielectric constant of stratum Pending CN102012463A (en)

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Cited By (8)

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CN103278814A (en) * 2013-05-30 2013-09-04 中国科学院国家天文台 Method for measuring lunar soil dielectric coefficient by using single-transmitting and double-receiving lunar surface ground penetrating radar
CN104408228A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-03-11 杭州迅美科技有限公司 Method for extracting stratum permittivity
CN105220694A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-01-06 河海大学 A kind of engineering jackstone amount evaluation method
WO2016095208A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 中国科学院电子学研究所 Method and system for detecting geological structure of extraterrestrial solid celestial body by employing single transmitting and multi-receiving radar
CN106767371A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-31 山东农业大学 A kind of method that GPR quick detection Reclaimed Soil covers table soil thickness
CN109683023A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-26 重庆交通大学 It is compacted the thickness of bituminous surface at scene and the measurement method of dielectric constant
CN109815781A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-05-28 重庆亲禾智千科技有限公司 A method of thickness is obtained based on inaccurate augmented vector approach
CN113884550A (en) * 2021-09-09 2022-01-04 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Method for measuring dielectric constant of soil body/concrete in field layering manner and application thereof

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103278814A (en) * 2013-05-30 2013-09-04 中国科学院国家天文台 Method for measuring lunar soil dielectric coefficient by using single-transmitting and double-receiving lunar surface ground penetrating radar
CN103278814B (en) * 2013-05-30 2015-10-28 中国科学院国家天文台 A kind of single-emission and double-receiving moonscape ground penetrating radar measures the method for lunar soil specific inductive capacity
CN104408228A (en) * 2014-10-29 2015-03-11 杭州迅美科技有限公司 Method for extracting stratum permittivity
WO2016095208A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 中国科学院电子学研究所 Method and system for detecting geological structure of extraterrestrial solid celestial body by employing single transmitting and multi-receiving radar
US10649078B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2020-05-12 Institute Of Electronics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Method and system for detecting geological structure of an extraterrestrial solid planet by using a single-transmitter and multiple-receiver radar
CN105220694A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-01-06 河海大学 A kind of engineering jackstone amount evaluation method
CN105220694B (en) * 2015-10-26 2017-08-01 河海大学 A kind of engineering jackstone amount evaluation method
CN106767371A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-31 山东农业大学 A kind of method that GPR quick detection Reclaimed Soil covers table soil thickness
CN109815781A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-05-28 重庆亲禾智千科技有限公司 A method of thickness is obtained based on inaccurate augmented vector approach
CN109683023A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-26 重庆交通大学 It is compacted the thickness of bituminous surface at scene and the measurement method of dielectric constant
CN113884550A (en) * 2021-09-09 2022-01-04 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Method for measuring dielectric constant of soil body/concrete in field layering manner and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20110413