CN102012354B - Detection method for wet comfortableness of leather shoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a detection method for wet comfortableness of leather shoes, which creates a leather shoes wet comfortableness comprehensive evaluation mathematics model by principal component analysis, and an evaluation formula of the model is y=0.4087Z+0.3937Z*2+0.0296Z*3+0.3070Z*4, wherein the parts from Z*1 to Z*4 respectively refer to experiment-tested and standardized numerical values of upper sleeve water vapor absorbability, upper sleeve water vapor permeability, innersole shoe-pad water absorbability and innersole shoe-pad desorption property. The detection method for wet comfortableness of leather shoes, from objective evaluation and subjective evaluation point of view, reaches a relation between shoes material performance and human psychological comfort in practical use of the shoes, establishes a leather shoes wet comfortableness comprehensive evaluation system, implements the characterization of human psychological comfort by physical performance indexes of the used materials, and provides a certain data base and theoretical direction for establishing relative industrial standards and for enterprise production.

Description

A kind of leather shoes comfortableness detection method that wets

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to the wet comfortableness detection method of a kind of leather shoes.

(2) background technology

In the middle of numerous indexs that the leather shoes comfortableness is comprised, wet comfortableness is one of them very important index, generally believes, the moisture in the footwear chamber is one of uncomfortable most important factor in the leather shoes dress.Form a micro climate environment by group's face and bottom parts in the footwear chamber, owing to material and human body active state different have different humidity, footwear wet comfortableness is in various degree given in the exchange of constantly wetting between it and human body, the external environment.The wet comfortableness of footwear and people's health and daily life are closely bound up, wear the bad footwear of moisture-penetrability and can cause like many diseases such as beriberi, corn, arthritis, bring inconvenience for people's work and daily life.

Because comfortableness is a result of various factor comprehensive action; So it is a variety of that the evaluation method of comfortableness has; Footwear comfortableness research simultaneously is a kind of boundary science of multidisciplinary intersection, therefore adopts a kind of research method merely or only all is difficult to weigh all sidedly level of comfort with qualitative or quantitative evaluation method.See from present research situation; Mostly evaluation to the wet comfortableness of leather shoes is to study from the performance perspective of footwear material; Promptly adopt objective evaluation; Utilize the quantitative test of various indexs (mainly being each item performance of footwear material) to come the Indirect evaluation comfortableness, not close with getting in touch of wearer, this just makes the wet comfortableness of leather shoes can't comprehensively obtain weighing and embodying.And comfortableness is the subjective sensation of human body; It is the subjective psychology amount that directly to measure; Therefore method for objectively evaluating is difficult to reflect into accurately, all sidedly the footwear dress back comfort definite to humidity, must combine with subjective evaluation method, could accurately reflect into the wet comfortableness of footwear.So, work out and a kind ofly can carry out integrated evaluating method very important that just seem the wet comfortableness of leather shoes.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the invention provides the wet comfortableness detection method of a kind of leather shoes.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

A kind of leather shoes comfortableness detection method that wets, said method comprises:

(1) sample of taking from upper of a shoe is carried out water vapor permeability and detect, obtain its permeable gas property numerical value WVP, the mg/ (cm of unit ²H); This detection can adopt the method described in the industry standard QB/T 1811-93 " leather water vapor permeability test method " to carry out;

(2), obtain its suction gas property numerical value WVA, the mg/cm of unit to the vapour property detection that absorbs water of the sample of taking from upper of a shoe ²This detection method described in the ISO 17699:2003 " method of testing-water vapor permeability of footwear-upper of a shoe and shoe lining and suction vapour property " of can adopting international standards is carried out;

(3) sample of taking from end shoe-pad in the leather shoes is carried out water absorptivity and detect, obtain its water absorptivity numerical value W _A, the g/m of unit ²

(4) sample of taking from end shoe-pad in the leather shoes is carried out the detection of desorption property, obtain it and inhale analyticity numerical value W _D, the % of unit; The water absorptivity of shoe-pad is conciliate the adsorbability detection method described in the ISO 22649:2003 " detection method of footwear-Nei end, shoe-pad-water absorptivity is conciliate adsorbability " of can adopting international standards and is carried out.

(5) to above-mentioned WVP, WVA, W _AAnd W _DNumerical value adopts the standard deviation Standardization Act to carry out data normalization and handles, and obtain the numerical value after its standardization: numerical value is designated as Zx after the permeable gas property standardization of upper of a shoe ₁, numerical value is designated as Zx after the standardization of upper of a shoe suction vapour property ₂, numerical value was designated as Zx after shoe-pad was inhaled the analyticity standardization ₃, numerical value is designated as Zx after the permeable gas property standardization ₄

(6) with each numerical value substitution formula y=0.4087Zx of step (5) ₁+ 0.3937Zx ₂+ 0.0296Zx ₃+ 0.3070Zx ₄In, obtaining the wet comfortableness numerical value y of leather shoes, gained y numerical value is big more, representes that then the wet comfortableness of leather shoes is good more.

Said step (6) also can be judged wet comfortableness difference: the y of leather shoes>=0.5 according to recording the wet comfortableness numerical value of leather shoes, explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes sample to be measured is better; Y≤-0.5 explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes sample to be measured is relatively poor;-0.5＜y＜0.5 explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes is general.

Said standardization can adopt the SPSS data processing software to carry out, and is concrete, and said step (5) standardization can be carried out according to the following equation:

${x^{\′}}_i=\frac{x_i-\stackrel{\‾}{x}}{s}$ Wherein, $s=\sqrt{\frac{1}{n}\mathrm{\Σ}{(x_i-\stackrel{\‾}{x})}^2}$

X wherein _i' be the numerical value after each detection standardization, x _iBe the original testing result of each detection, Be the mean value of each detection testing result, n=4.

The present invention is from objective evaluation and two angles of subjective assessment; Studied actual wear footwear wood property under the state can and human psychological's comfort between relation; Set up the wet comfortableness overall evaluation system of leather shoes; Accomplish that the physical performance index with material characterizes the psychological comfort of human body, certain data basis and theoretical direction is provided for formulating relevant industries standard and enterprise production.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in:

(1) often be research object to the research of the wet Comfort Evaluation of leather shoes with the material in the past; It is main adopting the method for objective evaluation; The present invention then proposes the method that combines with objective evaluation and subjective assessment, and through analyzing the contact of inquiring between the two, has set up the overall evaluation system of wet comfortableness.

(2) in the past the research to the wet comfortableness of leather shoes only is confined to the research of upper material, and has ignored the material impact of interior bottom material to final comfortableness, and the present invention comprehensively tests vamp, shoe lining and interior bottom material, with near the actual state of wearing.

(3) many to the research of footwear material sanitation performance in the past is main with homogenous material, even combined material also only combines different materials through tackifier.Sample of the present invention is directly taken from into the upper of a shoe cover, and these materials have passed through various processes such as the group of stretching tight, typing, back ornamenting in process of production, so the result of test is near the actual conditions that become footwear.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is leather water vapor permeable appearance main device figure;

Fig. 2 is circular test bottle main device figure: 1. metal dish 1; 2. bottleneck; 3. metal dish 2; 4. waterproof film; 5. sample; 6. bottle seat;

Fig. 3 is interior end water absorption test machine main device figure: A-copper roller, B-sample, C-platform, D-anchor clamps 1, E-anchor clamps 2, F-water supply installation.

(5) embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this:

Embodiment 1:

2.1.1 experiment material

Starting material are used in a experiment

The present invention selected for use material in the four kinds of common linings, two kinds of the representative and comparability that uses in the present leather shoes production, two kinds of insole materials and a kind of in bottom material come production test sample footwear, upper of a shoe cover and shoe-pad as raw material, concrete list of materials is following:

Table 1: mainly test starting material

Sample shoe is used in the b experiment

Above-mentioned 9 kinds of materials are arranged in pairs or groups each other, mix into 16 kinds of combinations of materials, be i.e. 16 types of leather shoes that material is different; 10 pairs of every type of leather shoes makings; Style adopts into the full group face structure that footwear are had relatively high expectations to wet comfortableness, and number type is selected Men's Shoes centre type for use: 25.5 (two types half), and process using is general gluing leather shoes manufacturing technique requirent at present; Flow process according to the product actual production; It is identical to produce structure, style, technology, shoe last or hat block type in Chinese Kang Nai group, and 160 pairs of sample shoe that material is different are used for the subjective psychology test and use.Concrete sample shoe is listed as follows:

Table 2: sample shoe is used in experiment

The c experiment is with pulling a cart beside the shafts and shoe-pad of the interior end

The sample of physical property test requires becoming on shoe last surface and the shoe-pad corresponding site to cut according to test event; But owing to become footwear are semiclosed spatial structures; Directly cut sample and have certain difficulty from product shoes; So sample cuts for ease, the experiment material that physical testing is used does not obtain from become footwear, and from half-finished upper of a shoe cover and shoe-pad, cuts.Simultaneously, in order to guarantee the accuracy of experimental result, this pull a cart beside the shafts do need after group accomplishes through the group of stretching tight (do not put the interior end, with the nail nail in the shoe tree bottom), damp and hot typing, after ornamenting, delasting operations such as (nail are pulled out at the bottom of with shoe last or hat block).Shoe-pad sticks with glue agent the insole material and the interior end is sticked together.Specifically pull a cart beside the shafts with the shoe-pad tabulation of the interior end as follows:

Table 3: experiment is with pulling a cart beside the shafts

Table 4: experiment is with shoe-pad of the interior end

Socks are used in the d experiment

For guaranteeing the consistance of subjective psychology test result, every the person of trying on requires the unified socks of dress when trying experiment on, therefore prepare two pairs of duplicate balbriggans for every the person of trying on.

2.1.2 key instrument

A leather water vapor permeable appearance

Table 5: leather water vapor permeable appearance model parameter

B suction vapour property test instrument

Table 6: suction vapour property test instrument model parameter

End water absorption test machine in the C

Table 7: water absorption test machine model parameter of the interior end

2.1.3 try personnel on

Because experimenter's subjective sensation is an experimental result important during the present invention studies, so experimenter's selection will have certain standard.The present invention has selected 20 the pin type is normal, pin long and the pin sole of the foot encloses and meets sample footwear sizes type, healthy, the people that stronger understanding arranged and cooperate experimental ability as the experimenter, and guarantees as far as possible that the ratio of southern and northern nationality is suitable.Before experiment, carry out the training of subjective sensation reflection ability, make its implication of being familiar with the subjective sensation descriptive grade and physiological characteristic.Try the tabulation of personnel's situation on as follows:

Table 8: try personnel's information slip on

2.2 experimental section

The comfortableness physical evaluation 2.2.1 leather shoes wet

The upper of a shoe cover that this experiment is processed from different materials cuts sample with shoe-pad of the interior end, and the water absorptivity reconciliation adsorbability of the suction vapour property of test upper of a shoe sample and water vapor permeability, shoe-pad sample of the interior end, estimates the wet comfortableness physical index of the shoes that various materials make.

The test of a upper of a shoe water vapor permeability

The test of upper of a shoe water vapor permeability is undertaken by the method described in the industry standard QB/T 1811-93 " leather water vapor permeability test method ".

1) water vapor permeability definition

The material water vapor permeability is the ability that material can transmit a certain amount of water vapor through the structure of self.Steam vapour amount to be seen through in the unit interval on the unit area is represented.

2) test principle

Under certain temperature, humidity, circular specimen is fixed on the test bottleneck with certain movement speed.Solid drier is housed in the test bottle.During the test bottle motion, steam is absorbed by solid drier through sample, in official hour, measures the vapour quantity through sample, calculates the water vapor permeability of material.

3) instrument

(1) cylindrical test bottle

The bottle inner height is (80 ± 10) mm, and capacity is (100 ± 20) cm ³, bottleneck aperture D is (30 ± 1) mm, the clamp ring internal diameter is D, between clamp ring and bottleneck, clamps sample, makes test bottle to be sealed by sample.

(2) leather water vapor permeable appearance

Leather water vapor permeable appearance main device is as shown in Figure 1, comprises following two parts:

The vertically arranged rotating disk of ■: at least three test positions are arranged, and the axle center of test interdigit is parallel to each other, but the equal clamping test bottle in test position, and they are (67 ± 2) mm to the distance between the turntable shaft, and slewing rate is (75 ± 5) rpm.

The ■ fan: three flat blades are in one plane arranged, and their mutual angles are 120 °, and the size of every blade approximately is 90mm * 75mm; Fan is installed on the rotating disk, and coaxial with rotating shaft, and the distance between flabellum and test bottleneck is 15mm; The direction of rotation of fan and rotating disk, rotating speed are (1400 ± 100) rpm.

(3) analytical balance: range can reach 200g, and precision is 1mg.

(4) silica gel: the diameter of silica gel particle is greater than the sieve aperture of 2mm, preferably has from dominance.Silica gel must be just at the oven for drying of (125 ± 5) ℃ circulation of air 16h at least, must be in airtight bottle more than the cooling 6h.If the silica gel that drying is crossed is kept in the airtight container, its drying property can keep several days.If when fully dry, will be red or colourless from the typical color of dominance silica gel by blue pulverize.

(5) cut-off knife: perhaps similar means.Can cut the sample of diameter, sample is coated on the test bottleneck, so that airtight test bottle greater than D.

(6) vernier caliper: can be accurate to 0.1mm.

4) sample

On pulling a cart beside the shafts, use cutting die to cut the sample of diameter as 34mm.When on upper of a shoe, taking a sample, should avoid comprising suture or hole and other design features on the sample that cuts.Do like this is in order to guarantee the unification of whole sample thickness.

Before the test,, place normal air to regulate 24h at least on the sample under cutting out, and test with this understanding according to GB 4689.2 related requests.

5) test procedure

(1) in the first silica gel that drying is crossed is packed first bottle into, only adorns half bottle of (59.0 ± 0.5) g.

(2) with the use of sample towards internal fixation on bottleneck.

(3) with the fixing sample directly over the bottleneck of clamp ring, make sample be fastened on the bottleneck outer ring, make the bottleneck sealing simultaneously by ring.If be necessary between bottleneck and test piece, to add a packing ring or be coated with one deck beeswax, or take other anti-gas-leak measures.

(4) on two orthogonal directions, measure second test internal diameter of the bottleneck with vernier caliper, mark the mean value R of internal diameter.

(5) test bottle that assembles is put into rotating disk, start test machine (20 ± 4) h, this step is for regulating sample.

(6) take out test bottle from rotating disk.

(7) silica gel (59.0 ± 0.5) g that second half is just dry second test bottle of packing into opened clamp ring as far as possible apace to first test bottle, takes off sample, is fixed on second test bottle, uses towards interior.

(8) weigh up the weight (bottle in sample and silica gel are housed) of second test bottle as far as possible apace with balance, note is M ₀, be accurate to 1mg, and write down T consuming time ₀

(9) put the test bottle bottle into rotating disk once more, machine.

(10) stop machine behind the 8h, shift out test bottle.

(11) weigh up the weight (bottle in sample and silica gel are housed) of test bottle as far as possible apace with balance, note is M ₁, be accurate to 1mg, and write down T consuming time ₁

6) test findings

The upper of a shoe water vapor permeability is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{WVP}=\frac{M_1-M_0}{A(T_1-T_0)}---(2-1)$

In the formula:

WVP---water vapor permeability (mg/ (cm ²H))

M ₀---the quality (mg) of the test bottle of weighing for the first time

M ₁---the quality (mg) of the test bottle of weighing for the second time

T ₀---the time (h) of the test bottle of weighing for the first time

T ₁---the time (h) of the test bottle of weighing for the second time

Area (the cm of A---bottleneck ²)

A can be calculated by following formula:

A＝3.14×(R ²/4) (2-2)

In the formula:

R---test internal diameter of the bottleneck (cm)

B upper of a shoe suction vapour property testing

The performance test of upper of a shoe suction vapour is undertaken by method described in the international standard ISO 17699:2003 " method of testing-water vapor permeability of footwear-upper of a shoe and shoe lining and suction vapour property ".

1) suction vapour property definition

Material suction vapour property is meant the ability of a certain amount of water vapor of absorbed in a period of time.Water absorbing capacity with on the material unit area is represented.

2) test principle ^[28]

From finished product or the combination sampling of pulling a cart beside the shafts, it is the circular specimen of homogenous material or the circular specimen of combined material, and sample is sandwiched between the bottleneck of sealing gasket and hydrostatic column.A certain amount of water is housed in the container.In official hour, measure the quality of the suction of sample.

3) instrument

(1) circular test bottle

Two circular test bottles, its structure is as shown in Figure 2, and capacity is (100 ± 20) cm ³Test bottle comprises following two parts:

Bottleneck that has the plain weave face of ■, internal diameter are (35 ± 0.5) mm, and external diameter is than the big at least 20mm of internal diameter.It is the flange of 10mm or the cylindrical surrounding edge that minimum thickness is 10mm that minimum widith is arranged on the external diameter.

Diameter of ■ is greater than the metal dish of 55mm.

(2) analytical balance: range can reach 100g, and precision is 1mg.

(3) time set: Timing 8 hours, precision are 0.1h.Stopwatch for example.

(4) water: the distilled water or the deionized water of conformance with standard regulation.

(5) waterproof disk: the disk that the impermeable material that two minimum diameters are 55mm is processed.

(6) cutting tool:, can cut the sample of Z diameter for (45 ± 5) mm like cut-off knife.

4) sample

On pulling a cart beside the shafts, use cutting die to cut the circular specimen of diameter for (45 ± 5) mm.When on upper of a shoe, taking a sample, should avoid comprising suture or hole and other design features on the sample that cuts.Do like this is in order to guarantee the unification of whole sample thickness.

Before the test,, place normal air to regulate 24h at least on the sample under cutting out, and test with this understanding according to EN 12222 related requests.

5) test procedure

(1) weigh out the quality of each sample in the balance, note is M ₀, be accurate to 1mg.

(2) in every bottle, all pour (50 ± 5) cm into ³Distilled water (water quality standard is with reference to EN12222).

(3) directly over each bottleneck clamp ring, place sample, will become the innermost layer in the footwear downward during placement.

(4) need to keep bottle vertically to place in the operating process, avoid rocking test bottle rapidly and water is splashed on the sample.

(5) directly over sample, place the waterproof film of a slice.

(6) on waterproof disk, place metal dish then, tighten clamp ring,, seal bottleneck simultaneously so that sample is fastened on the test bottleneck by clamp ring.

(7), place test bottle and in normal air, regulate at least (8.0 ± 0.1) h according to the related request of EN 12222.

(8) remove two test bottles, attention can not make water splash on the sample.Weigh out the quality of each sample in the balance, note is M ₁, be accurate to 1mg.

6) test findings

Upper of a shoe suction vapour calculates as follows:

$\mathrm{WVA}=\frac{M_1-M_0}{A}---(2-3)$

In the formula:

WVA---suction vapour property (mg/cm ²)

M ₀---the quality (mg) of the sample of weighing for the first time

M ₁---the quality (mg) of the sample of weighing for the second time

A---test area (cm ²)

A can be calculated by following formula:

A＝3.14×(R ²/4) (2-4)

In the formula:

R---test internal diameter of the bottleneck (cm)

The water absorptivity at the end is conciliate the adsorbability test in the c

The water absorptivity at the interior end is conciliate the adsorbability test and is undertaken by method described in the international standard ISO 22649:2003 " detection method of footwear-Nei end, shoe-pad-water absorptivity is conciliate adsorbability ".

1) interior end water absorptivity reconciliation adsorbability definition

Water absorbing capacity in water absorptivity of the interior end is meant at the appointed time on the bottom sample unit area.

The percentageloss of bottom sample quality in desorption property of the interior end is meant is with the quality representation of suction.

2) test principle

Sample is placed on the wetting platform; Under given pressure, make it do the cyclic bending motion; Be modeled to the mode of motion of the interior end when walking of footwear, measure the sample water absorptivity, the sample with suction is placed on normal air is measured sample after a period of time desorption property again.

3) instrument

(1) interior end water absorption test machine

The water absorption test machine is as shown in Figure 3 at the interior end, and testing machine is made up of following critical piece:

■ copper roller, diameter are (120 ± 1) mm, and wide is (50 ± 1) mm, places on the sample.

The ■ platform, upper surface is coarse, and enough eyelets are arranged, so that make platform surface keep moisture state through the current of platform.Platform upper berth one deck cotton gauze.

■ anchor clamps 1 are clamped in a minor face of sample on the platform.

■ anchor clamps 2 are clamped in another minor face of sample on the roller, make the axle maintenance level of the gripper edge and the roller of sample.Anchor clamps are equipped with a weak spring, make sample remain on a small tension force.

The ■ water supply installation.Pass platform and can get rid of excessive water simultaneously.

Sample is close to roller, roller along the X-X axis in the central point left and right sides both direction do level with the amplitude of (50 ± 2) mm and back and forth roll.Central point is positioned at the intersection point place of X-X horizontal line and Y-Y pedal line, and the frequency that roller moves is reciprocal 20 ± 1 times of per minute.

The rolling of axle causes that roller does left and to the right rolling, and the end that sample is close to roller raises with rolling or reduces, and is crooked according to the shape of roller.

Can apply the pressure of (80 ± 5) N together to platform, sample and roller.

(2) cut-off knife: be used to cut the sample that is of a size of (110 ± 1) mm * (40 ± 1) mm.

(3) balance: degree of accuracy is 0.001g.

(4) stopwatch: calibration is 1s.

(5) vaseline

4) sample

Half sole position in the shoe-pad that processes longitudinally cuts the sample that is of a size of (110 ± 1) mm * (40 ± 1) mm at the end.On the cutting edge of sample, be coated with one deck vaseline and prevent to absorb moisture.

According to the related request of EN 12222, before the test, sample is statically placed under the standard conditions regulates 48h.

5) test procedure

(1) the weighing sample is accurate to 0.001g, and note is made M ₀

(2) the layer cotton yarn on the platform upper berth.

(3) one side that sample is contacted with pin places on the platform that has coated cotton gauze.Two ends are clipped in respectively on platform and the roller, and apply the pressure of (80 ± 5) N above that.

(4) open water injection valve, the discharge of regulating through platform is 7.5ml/min.

(5) start instrument, writing time.

(6) after a period of time (15min), before closing instrument 1 minute stops to supply water.

(7) shift out sample, weigh, be accurate to 0.001g.

(8) once more sample is placed on the instrument, opens water injection valve, continue test.

(9) timing weighing sample in 8h.Before closing instrument 1 minute stops water filling.Shift out sample, weigh once more, note is made M _F

(10) according to the related request of EN 12222, sample is reapposed over 16h in the normal air environment, weighs once more, be accurate to 0.001g, note is made M _R

6) test findings

Water absorptivity of the interior end is calculated by following formula:

$W_A=\frac{M_F-M_0}{A}---(2-5)$

In the formula:

W _A---water absorptivity (g/m ²)

M _O---the initial mass of sample (g) under the drying regime

M _F---the final mass of sample (g) under the moisture state

Area (the m of A---sample ²)

The result is accurate to 1g/m ²The result gets the mean value of twice test.

Desorption property of the interior end is calculated by following formula:

$W_D=\frac{M_F-M_R}{M_F-M_0}\×100\%---(2-6)$

In the formula:

W _D---desorption property (%)

M _O---the initial mass of sample (g) under the drying regime

M _F---the final mass of sample (g) under the moisture state

M _R---regulate the quality (g) of back sample once more

The comfortableness Psychological Assessment 2.2.2 leather shoes wet

A tries confirming of method on

Total Test is the test footwear with footwear, and the personnel that try on wear the identical a pair of of left and right sides pin test footwear at every turn, need not contrast, according to oneself the subjective sensation form that fills in questionnaires.

The b content of the test

Everyone tries 16 pairs of leather shoes on request to try personnel on, and in questionnaire, makes answer strictly according to the facts, and the questionnaire form is seen appendix A.

The c test procedure

1) selects the personnel that try on; Confirm 20 healthy, no pedopathys, strong sensation and ability to express arranged, the people of non-footwear boots design specialist (prevent its identification upper material and influence the subjective sensation test) is as trying personnel on; Measuring every pin length and pin sole of the foot of trying personnel on encloses; Guarantee that the pin type meets sample footwear sizes type, and guarantee that respectively accounting for of southern northern native place is half the.

2) personnel of trying on are carried out subjective sensation reflection ability training, make them be familiar with the implication of subjective sensation descriptive grade.

3) draw up a questionnaire investigation form and instruction are set up the mental impression scale, and this project adopts 5 scale methods, subjectivity is divided into 5 grades to the comfortableness from " comfortable " to " uncomfortable " of humidity, and it are corresponding to use " 0 " to arrive " 4 " respectively.

4) personnel that try on try 16 pairs of tests on footwear on request one by one, and the questionnaire that fills in questionnaires respectively.

5) statistical investigation form data obtain the subjective assessment result.

The d testing requirements

The balbriggan that the project of wearing of will seeking unification when 1) trying on provides.

2) trying environment on is the daily environment that wears, and tries a pair of every day on, will select close temperature and damp condition before trying on, and guarantee to try in the identical time period of every day.

3) discover that humidity reached stable in the footwear chamber in one hour, therefore every pair of footwear are tried the duration requirement on more than 4 hours, and guarantee to have the enough Ambulatory Activity time.

4) try the result on and vary with each individual, try on when filling up a form personnel only with oneself experience with feel to get final product, the tester does not compare each other and exchanges.

5) please the personnel of trying on cherish test and use footwear, try the test test footwear that finish all on and will unify withdrawal.

3 results and discussion

The comfortableness Psychological Assessment result 3.1 leather shoes wet

Let 20 persons of trying on wear the leather shoes of 16 kinds of different materials on request, and in questionnaire, fill in relevant comfortableness sensation, numeral is more little, feels comfortable more, and wet comfortableness Psychological Assessment result is as shown in table 9.

Table 9: the leather shoes comfortableness Psychological Assessment result that wets

From last table, can learn; The excellent poor series arrangement of the wet comfortableness subjective assessment of leather shoes is grain skin skin＞grain cloth skin＞repair leather=Xiu Pipi＞grain leather=grain cloth leather＞mending skin=ultra skin skin=ultra cloth skin＞mending leather＞ultra leather＞ultra cloth leather＞PU cloth skin=PU skin skin＞PU leather＞PU cloth to remove from office; In this group puts in order; Several kinds of leather shoes that the result equates are not meant that their wet comfortableness is equal fully, can only be roughly suitable, because the employing of this project is 5 scale methods of psychological test; The person of trying on feels to have only 5 options for comfortableness, so some comfortableness feels that similar leather shoes are equal fully from the possibility of result that numerical value reflects.

Each evaluation index testing result of comfortableness 3.2 leather shoes wet

This project testing four physical indexs are arranged: pull a cart beside the shafts suction vapour property, the water vapor permeability of pulling a cart beside the shafts, shoe-pad water absorptivity of the interior end and shoe-pad desorption property of the interior end, adopt preceding method that above-mentioned 4 indexs are detected, the result sees table 10;

Because above-mentioned four indexs are the forward index, just unit is different, handles so at first will take standardized method that it is carried out nondimensionalization, and result is as shown in table 10.

Table 10: original detection data of each index and standardization result

Data after the standardization are carried out principal component analysis (PCA), and it is as shown in table 11 to obtain the result.

Table 11: each index related analysis

Can find out that from table 11 the suction vapour property and the water vapor permeability relative coefficient of pulling a cart beside the shafts are 0.729, explain that both sides relation is tightr, tallies with the actual situation.

Related coefficient is 0.882 between shoe-pad water absorptivity of the interior end and the desorption property, and the water absorptivity of end shoe-pad reconciliation adsorbability correlativity is bigger in explaining, close relation also meets practical experience.

3.3 the checking of the wet comfortableness comprehensive evaluation model of leather shoes

According to the mathematical model of setting up,, obtain the result and the actual result of trying on compares the proof theory model with physical property test result data substitution formula.

A theory of computation score value

With the following formula of each achievement data substitution after the standardization in the table 10, calculate the theoretical score value of the wet comfortableness of 16 kinds of leather shoes.

y＝0.4087Zx ₁+0.3937Zx ₂+0.0296Zx ₃+0.3070Zx ₄

PU leather y ₁=0.4087 * (1.0213)+0.3973 * (1.60176)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=-1.41373

PU skin skin y ₂=0.4087 * (1.0213)+0.3973 * (1.60176)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=-0.75721

PU cloth leather y ₃=0.4087 * (1.22254)+0.3973 * (1.44549)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=-1.43445

Grain leather y ₄=0.4087 * (1.91682)+0.3973 * (0.89855)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=0.771451

Grain skin skin y ₅=0.4087 * (1.91682)+0.3973 * (0.89855)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=1.427974

Repair leather y ₆=0.4087 * (0.54838)+0.3973 * (0.07813)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=0.426853

Xiu Pipi y ₇=0.4087 * (0.54838)+0.3973 * (0.07813)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=0.484174

Ultra cloth skin y ₈=0.4087 * (0.61882)+0.3973 * (0.50787)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=0.237847

PU cloth skin y ₉=0.4087 * (1.22254)+0.3973 * (1.44549)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=-0.77793

Ultra skin skin y ₁₀=0.4087 * (0.41757)+0.3973 * (0.31254)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=0.243197

Mending skin y ₁₁=0.4087 * (0.18615)+0.3973 * (0.1172)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=0.413032

Mending leather y ₁₂=0.4087 * (0.18615)+0.3973 * (0.1172)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=-0.24349

Ultra leather y ₁₃=0.4087 * (0.41757)+0.3973 * (0.31254)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=-0.41333

Ultra cloth leather y ₁₄=0.4087 * (0.61882)+0.3973 * (0.50787)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=-0.41868

Grain cloth skin y ₁₅=0.4087 * (0.62888)+0.3973 * (1.28922)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (0.85391)=1.0554

Grain cloth leather y ₁₆=0.4087 * (0.62888)+0.3973 * (1.28922)+0.0296 * (0.96825)+0.3070 * (1.09789)=0.398877

The checking of b mathematical model

The comprehensive evaluation score value that calculates according to formula is high more; The wet comfortableness that leather shoes are described is good more, and the requirement of scoring is that score value is low more when actual trying on, explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes is good more; The result that formula is calculated is according to from low to high; Also i.e. series arrangement from uncomfortable to comfortable, and compare with the actual result of trying on, it is as shown in table 12 to obtain the result.

Table 12: result of calculation and actual result contrast

Can be found out that by last table result the result who goes out according to the mathematical formulae Theoretical Calculation sorts with its actual marking of trying on, the development trend of finding both is consistent basically, and the validity of detection method of the present invention has been described, meets people's subjective understanding.

Claims (3)

1. the wet comfortableness detection method of leather shoes, said method comprises:

(1) sample of taking from leather shoes upper of a shoe to be measured is carried out water vapor permeability and detect, obtain its water vapor permeability numerical value WVP, the mg/ (cm of unit ²H);

(2), obtain its suction vapour property numerical value WVA, the mg/cm of unit to the vapour property detection that absorbs water of the sample of taking from leather shoes upper of a shoe to be measured ²

(3) sample of taking from end shoe-pad in the leather shoes to be measured is carried out water absorptivity and detect, obtain its water absorptivity numerical value W _A, the g/m of unit ²

(4) sample of taking from end shoe-pad in the leather shoes to be measured is carried out the detection of desorption property, obtain it and inhale analyticity numerical value W _D, the % of unit;

(5) to above-mentioned WVP, WVA, W _AAnd W _DNumerical value adopts the standard deviation Standardization Act to carry out data normalization and handles, and obtain the numerical value after its standardization: numerical value is designated as Zx after the standardization of upper of a shoe water vapor permeability ₁, numerical value is designated as Zx after the standardization of upper of a shoe suction vapour property ₂, numerical value was designated as Zx after shoe-pad was inhaled the analyticity standardization ₃, numerical value is designated as Zx after the water vapor permeability standardization ₄

(6) with each numerical value substitution formula y=0.4087Zx of step (5) ₁+ 0.3937Zx ₂+ 0.0296Zx ₃+ 0.3070Zx ₄In, obtaining the wet comfortableness numerical value y of leather shoes, gained y numerical value is big more, representes that then the wet comfortableness of leather shoes is good more.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that said step (6) according to recording the wet comfortableness numerical value of leather shoes, and wet comfortableness: the y of judgement leather shoes>=0.5 explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes sample to be measured is better; Y≤-0.5 explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes sample to be measured is relatively poor;-0.5＜y＜0.5 explains that the wet comfortableness of leather shoes is general.

3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that said step (5) standardization carries out according to the following equation:

${x^{\′}}_i=\frac{x_i-\stackrel{\‾}{x}}{s}$ Wherein, $s=\sqrt{\frac{1}{n}\mathrm{\Σ}{(x_i-\stackrel{\‾}{x})}^2}$

X wherein _i' be the numerical value after each detection standardization, x _iBe the original testing result of each detection,

Be the mean value of each detection testing result, n=4.

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