CN102012338B - Composite flexible uniform pressure loading device suitable for geomechanical model test - Google Patents
Composite flexible uniform pressure loading device suitable for geomechanical model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102012338B CN102012338B CN2010105894958A CN201010589495A CN102012338B CN 102012338 B CN102012338 B CN 102012338B CN 2010105894958 A CN2010105894958 A CN 2010105894958A CN 201010589495 A CN201010589495 A CN 201010589495A CN 102012338 B CN102012338 B CN 102012338B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite flexible uniform pressure loading device suitable for a geomechanical model test. The device comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder thruster, wherein the upper end of the hydraulic oil cylinder thruster is connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder through a spherical hinge; and a composite flexible power transfer cushion layer is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder thruster. The device can be widely applied to surface loading of various geomechanical model tests, has a simple structure, is flexible to assemble and convenient to operate and ensures rational size of a single loading unit; the hydraulic oil cylinder is a two-way oil cylinder with an oil inlet and an oil outlet; loading and unloading can be realized by matching a hydraulic station with a hydraulic automatic control system; meanwhile, a plurality of loading devices can be combined in different arrangement modes to realize gradient loading. In the device, the hydraulic oil cylinder, the spherical hinge, the thruster and the composite flexible power transfer cushion layer are organically combined, and the device has better uniform loading effect. An oil cylinder front loading flange can be fixed on a counterforce frame and a steel plate is penetrated by a piston rod to provide power, so the loading space is compressed, materials are saved and high adaptability is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charger, especially a kind of flexible well-distributed pressure charger of combined type that is applicable to geomechanical model test.
Background technology
Geomechanical model test helps outstanding principal contradiction in the process of the test of complicacy, is convenient to hold, find the inner link of phenomenon.Abroad, started engineering geomechanics model test technology with the expert headed by the not graceful Green at Italian structural model test.Subsequently, states such as the U.S., Germany, France, Britain and Japan have also carried out a large amount of model investigations.At home, numerous scientific research institutions such as Tsing-Hua University, three of Headquarters of the General Staff engineer scientific researches, Shandong University have successively carried out geomechanical model test research to domestic many heavy construction projects.
The model boundary loading technique is a key technology in the geomechanical model test; Because it is directly connected to model boundary and loads effect and precision; Model test is loaded terrestrial stress can real simulation engineering actual forced status play crucial effects, also directly influence the degree of uniformity of formed stress (strain) field in the model body and the authenticity of experimental result.Be warranty test accuracy as a result, the test loading environment of the original terrestrial stress of real simulation is particularly important, therefore, guarantees to produce the uniform stress field in the model, and the scope that as far as possible reduces the model surface non-uniform stress field is important to model test result ten minutes with the degree of depth.
See from existing model loading technique, the model surface load apply the three kinds of modes that mainly contain:
(1) hydraulic jack loads through the rigidity thruster, and the rigidity thruster can be triangle and divides cloth or trapezoidal profile piece.This method has characteristics such as the load of loading is big, stroke big, easiness in handling, but on-load pressure homogeneity deviation is bigger, causes model internal strain field uniformity very poor, is difficult to reflect strictly according to the facts the engineering stress.Special because the excavation of the middle cavern of model; Cause the model boundary distortion inevitable inhomogeneous; This method loads and makes that the unevenness of boundary load is more obvious, also is unfavorable for simultaneously solving loading the synchronous of pressure head and border transversely deforming, so the model boundary loading accuracy is low.
(2) adopt traditional hydraulic rubber capsule to load, can realize the flexible of model surface evenly loaded, particularly when model surface produces nonaffine deformation, still can evenly load.But because the loading load intensity is on the low side, stroke is little, can't satisfy the requirement of model moderate finite deformation and higher-strength, does not reach the heavily stressed loading requirement of deep mining test; Moreover it makes trouble, and serviceable life is short, generally can only satisfy the single test needs.
(3) above dual mode also can solve some engineering problems under the less demanding situation of test accuracy.Along with the expansion gradually of project scale, precision prescribed improves constantly, and these two kinds of load mode exposed day by day go out the drawback of its existence.For addressing the above problem, three of Headquarters of the General Staff engineer scientific researches have designed piston type well-distributed pressure loader (ZL 02213775.0), both can on model, add evenly load, have solved again that flexible force transmission evenly loads a difficult problem in the model test.But piston type well-distributed pressure loader structure more complicated, the processing and manufacturing accuracy requirement is high, and price is also higher relatively.
Mainly there is following weak point in the model test loading system of the above-mentioned unit of analysis-by-synthesis:
1. the rigidity loading system that most loading systems in fact all are hydraulic jack+thrusters, the load deviation is bigger, causes that easily stress is concentrated, can not reach the equally distributed purpose of model surface load.
2. the hydraulic pressure capsule loads owing to have shortcomings such as stroke is little, easy oil leakage, poor durability, the wiring that can only unidirectionally load, is difficult for to bore a hole above that, can't satisfy the needs of large-scale model test.
3. piston type well-distributed pressure loader complex structure is on the high side, also is unfavorable for burying underground in the model drawing of survey line.
4. most oil cylinder load modes are the form of oil cylinder+thruster, need to reserve bigger loading space, for loading space condition of limited bad adaptability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of loading performance height, flexible well-distributed pressure charger of the assembling combined type that is applicable to geomechanical model test flexible, simple to operate, good endurance of being uniformly distributed with is provided.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of flexible well-distributed pressure charger of combined type that is applicable to geomechanical model test; It is characterized in that: comprise the hydraulic jack thruster; Hydraulic jack thruster upper end links to each other with hydraulic jack through ball pivot, and hydraulic jack thruster bottom is provided with combined type flexible force transmission bed course.
Said hydraulic jack thruster comprises upper plate and lower plate, connects through some ribbed stiffeners that are uniformly distributed with between the upper and lower plate, and ribbed stiffener is trapezoidal; Upper plate is provided with the ball pivot draw-in groove, and lower plate is a fluted body.
The top land of said hydraulic jack is connected with ball pivot, and ball pivot is stuck in the ball pivot draw-in groove of upper plate, and hydraulic jack front end or rear end are provided with flange, and flange is provided with bolt hole.
Be provided with combined type flexible force transmission bed course in the fluted body lower plate of said hydraulic jack thruster, combined type flexible force transmission bed course is fixed on the lower plate through superpower viscose.
Said combined type flexible force transmission bed course is made up of the urethane rubber of two-layer different shore hardnesses; Inside is the ultra flexible polyurethane rubber slab of shore hardness 10 degree; Thick 35mm; The outside is the flexible polyurethane rubber slab of shore hardness 30 degree, and thickness is 15mm, is provided with warp and weft in the flexible polyurethane rubber slab.
The ultra flexible polyurethane rubber slab in inside of the present invention is very soft; Be uniformly distributed with the key effect that loaded for load; Comprise one deck warp and weft in the outside flexible polyurethane rubber slab, can bear high pressure, and the down inner ultra flexible rubber layer of restriction condition of high voltage is out of shape excessive phenomenon above 5MPa.
The peak load that this loading system can apply is 50t, and the accessible peak load intensity of model surface is 4.5MPa, load intensity deviation≤5%, and the even degree of depth of model surface unbalanced stress is less than 100mm.The present invention can give model surface flexible evenly loading, improves loading accuracy greatly, can be widely used in various geomechanical model tests and load.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. this device can be realized the flexible well-distributed pressure of model surface is loaded, combined type flexible force transmission bed course superior performance, and the load intensity that applies is big, can reach 4.5MPa, and the load intensity deviation is lower than 5%, and the even degree of depth of model surface unbalanced stress is less than 100mm.
2. cooperate Hydraulic Station and hydraulic pressure automatic control system, the original stress condition of model engineering geology preferably, the accurate control of implementation model surface stress, loading deviation ± 0.1MPa.
3. this device assembling is flexible, and easy to operate, single loading unit size is reasonable, can process the loading unit of different size as required; Can carry out simultaneously different arrangement mode combinations, realize that gradient loads.
4. hydraulic jack, ball pivot, thruster, combined type flexible force transmission bed course are organically merged, through the adjustment of ball pivot, the loading direction of thruster can be uniformly distributed with the loading better effects if according to the vergence direction adjustment of model surface.
5. can the load cylinder forward flange be fixed on the reaction frame, pass steel plate through piston rod and exert oneself, compress the loading space, save material, adaptability is stronger.Also can easily charger be installed on the model reaction frame through rear flange.
6. a whole set of charger is simple in structure, easy to process, for ease of maintenaince, realizes accurately control load easily, and long service life, and the survey line in the model is drawn in perforation easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a vertical view of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, ultra flexible rubber layer, 2, upper plate, 3, the ball pivot draw-in groove, 4, bolt hole; 5 oil-outs, 6, hydraulic jack, 7, oil-in, 8, the flexible rubber layer; 9, lower plate, 10, ribbed stiffener, 11, ball pivot, 12, flange; 13, oil cylinder piston, 14, O-ring seal, 15, the hydraulic jack thruster, 16, combined type flexible force transmission bed course.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; The present invention is a kind of flexible well-distributed pressure charger of combined type that is applicable to geomechanical model test; Comprise hydraulic jack 6, ball pivot 11, hydraulic jack thruster 15 and combined type flexible force transmission bed course 16; Hydraulic jack thruster 15 upper ends connect hydraulic jack 6 through ball pivot 11, and the bottom is provided with a layer composite flexible force transmission bed course 16.
Be provided with combined type flexible force transmission bed course 16 in the fluted body lower plate 9 of hydraulic jack thruster, combined type flexible force transmission bed course 16 is fixed on the lower plate 9 through superpower viscose.Combined type flexible force transmission bed course 16 comprises ultra flexible rubber layer 1 of the internal layer that is arranged in hydraulic jack thruster 15 bottom lower plates 9 grooves and outside flexible rubber layer 8; Be provided with one deck warp and weft in the flexible rubber layer 8, can limit the excessive phenomenon of ultra flexible rubber layer 1 distortion under the condition of high voltage.Ultra flexible rubber layer 1 is the ultra flexible polyurethane rubber slab of shore hardness 10 degree, thick 35mm.Flexible rubber layer 8 is the flexible polyurethane rubber slab of shore hardness 30 degree, and thickness is 15mm.
Be provided with O-ring seal 14 between the oil cylinder piston 13 of hydraulic jack 6 and the cylinder body, prevent the hydraulic oil seepage.The front and back end of cylinder body is respectively equipped with oil-in 7 and oil-out 5.Hydraulic jack 6 front ends or rear end are provided with flange 12, and flange 12 is provided with bolt hole 4.
Principle of work of the present invention: cooperate Hydraulic Station and hydraulic pressure automatic control system; Hydraulic pressure automatic controlling system hydraulic oil gets into hydraulic jack bottom cavity shown in Figure 1 by oil-in 7; Increase along with pressure; Hydraulic oil in the upper chamber is discharged cavity by oil outlet 5, and oil cylinder piston 13 is pushed ahead thereupon, and is delivered on the combined type flexible force transmission bed course of being made up of ultra flexible rubber layer 1 and rubber restraint layer 8 16 through ball pivot 11 and hydraulic jack thruster 15; Ball pivot 11 can be finely tuned loading direction according to the inclined degree of model surface, by combined type flexible force transmission bed course 16 force transmission is given at last to load object.Adjust loading system through the pressure of regulating turnover oil and act on the pressure on the object.
The peak load that this loading system can apply is 50t, and the accessible peak load intensity of model surface is 4.5MPa, load intensity deviation≤5%, and the even degree of depth of model surface unbalanced stress is less than 100mm.The present invention can be widely used in various geomechanical model tests and load.
Claims (2)
1. flexible well-distributed pressure charger of the combined type that is applicable to geomechanical model test; It is characterized in that: comprise the hydraulic jack thruster; Hydraulic jack thruster upper end links to each other with hydraulic jack through ball pivot, and hydraulic jack thruster bottom is provided with combined type flexible force transmission bed course;
Said hydraulic jack thruster comprises upper plate and lower plate, connects through some ribbed stiffeners that are uniformly distributed with between the upper and lower plate, and ribbed stiffener is trapezoidal; Upper plate is provided with the ball pivot draw-in groove, and lower plate is a fluted body;
Be provided with combined type flexible force transmission bed course in the fluted body lower plate of said hydraulic jack thruster, combined type flexible force transmission bed course is fixed on the lower plate through superpower viscose;
Said combined type flexible force transmission bed course is made up of the urethane rubber of two-layer different shore hardnesses; Inside is the ultra flexible polyurethane rubber slab of shore hardness 10 degree; Thick 35mm; The outside is the flexible polyurethane rubber slab of shore hardness 30 degree, and thickness is 15mm, is provided with warp and weft in the flexible polyurethane rubber slab.
2. the flexible well-distributed pressure charger of combined type that is applicable to geomechanical model test according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the top land of said hydraulic jack is connected with ball pivot; Ball pivot is stuck in the ball pivot draw-in groove of upper plate; Hydraulic jack front end or rear end are provided with flange, and flange is provided with bolt hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105894958A CN102012338B (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | Composite flexible uniform pressure loading device suitable for geomechanical model test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105894958A CN102012338B (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | Composite flexible uniform pressure loading device suitable for geomechanical model test |
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| CN102012338A CN102012338A (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| CN102012338B true CN102012338B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
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| CN2010105894958A Expired - Fee Related CN102012338B (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | Composite flexible uniform pressure loading device suitable for geomechanical model test |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| ES2482540B1 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2015-05-11 | Universidad De Granada | Device and test method for the characterization of materials before cracking phenomena |
| CN103837416B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-12-23 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | That simulates deep rock mass stress state adds unloading test device |
| CN111044377A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Loading oil cylinder test device capable of moving up and down in reaction well and test method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4777003A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1988-10-11 | Cheboxarsky Elektromekhanichesky Zavod | Method of producing plain bearing shell with shock-absorbing anti-friction coating |
| CN1159782A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1997-09-17 | 联合工艺公司 | Method and apparatus for forming airfoil structure |
| CN201049635Y (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-04-23 | 姜海军 | Auxiliary wheel for mono-track vehicle |
| CN201885925U (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-29 | 山东大学 | Compound flexible uniformly-distributed pressure loading device applicable to geomechnical model test |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1318898B1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2003-09-19 | Atp S R L | SUPPORT PLATFORM IN WHICH A CONCENTRATED LOAD IS UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED ON THE SUPPORTING VEHICLES |
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- 2010-12-15 CN CN2010105894958A patent/CN102012338B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4777003A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1988-10-11 | Cheboxarsky Elektromekhanichesky Zavod | Method of producing plain bearing shell with shock-absorbing anti-friction coating |
| CN1159782A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1997-09-17 | 联合工艺公司 | Method and apparatus for forming airfoil structure |
| CN201049635Y (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-04-23 | 姜海军 | Auxiliary wheel for mono-track vehicle |
| CN201885925U (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-29 | 山东大学 | Compound flexible uniformly-distributed pressure loading device applicable to geomechnical model test |
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