CN102010731B - Pyrolytic process of coal - Google Patents
Pyrolytic process of coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102010731B CN102010731B CN 201010559620 CN201010559620A CN102010731B CN 102010731 B CN102010731 B CN 102010731B CN 201010559620 CN201010559620 CN 201010559620 CN 201010559620 A CN201010559620 A CN 201010559620A CN 102010731 B CN102010731 B CN 102010731B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pyrolytic process of coal. The process is characterized by comprising the following steps: putting selected raw material coal in an external heat type rotary furnace, wherein the furnace body of the rotary furnace comprises an outer wall and an inner wall; feeding cyclic gas to a space between the outer wall and the inner wall; controlling the feed amount of the cycle gas so as to control a warming speed at 20-100 DEG C per minute until the inside temperature of the furnace reaches 650 DEG C-700 DEG C, carrying out pyrolytic reaction on a coal bed at the temperature until the reaction is finished, and collecting pyrolytic products; and cycling the gas to a cyclic gas inlet after coal tar and hydrogen are separated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pyrolytic process, relate in particular to a kind of pyrolytic process of coal.
Background technology
The pyrolysis of coal also claims coal carbonization or thermolysis.The pyrolysis of coal as a kind of independent working method, is that coal is heated under the condition of isolated air, and the complex process of a series of physical change and chemical reaction occurs under differing temps coal, and its product is mainly coal gas, tar, crude benzol and coke or semicoke.Difference by its heating final temperature can be divided into: low temperature (500-700 ℃), middle temperature (700-1000 ℃) and high temperature (1000-1200 ℃) pyrolysis.
Compare with gasification with liquidation of coal, its processing conditions is gentle, less investment, and production cost is low.The coal that is suitable for low temperature pyrogenation is generally low-rank coal, comprises the non caking coal of brown coal, long-flame coal and high volatile.The low-rank coal reserves of China are larger, account for more than 42% of whole coals, and therefore, the low temperature pyrogenation technology can effectively be utilized the resource of China, and can reduce the environmental pollution that fire coal causes.
In the pyrolytic reaction process of coal, rate of heating and confession heat condition have a great impact product yield and composition, and in addition, the lumpiness of coal also has certain impact to pyrolysis product, and the lumpiness of general coal increases, and tar yield reduces.Existing pyrolytic process of coal generally adopts the vertical type stove, and it requires feed coal is lump coal, has limited the application of powder coal, and existing pyrolytic reaction, especially external-heat reaction, its heat generally needs the combustion chamber to supply with, virtually increased the production cost of pyrolytic process, and technique is comparatively complicated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pyrolytic process of coal, have that production cost is low, rate of heating is fast, transformation efficiency coal significantly improves, and the advantage of coal tar gain in yield.
Its concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of pyrolytic process of coal, comprise the steps: at first to choose feed coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, by the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 20-100 ℃/min, temperature reaches 650 ℃-700 ℃ to the stove, pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress.
In described body of heater, the amount of feed coal accounts for 1/5～1/3 of body of heater cumulative volume, guarantees that feed coal can overturn in stove fully.
Described feed coal is brown coal, long-flame coal, non-caking coal or weakly caking coal.
Described furnace body outer wall can be selected any heat-resisting and material that thermal conductivity is less, consist of as light-weight refractory insulating brick or fully fibrous structure, guarantee that heat can not be dispersed into the body of heater outside, described light-weight refractory insulating brick can be phosphoric acid block salt, magnesia chrome brick etc., and described fully fibrous structure can be made of ceramic fiber, aluminum silicate fiber etc.; Described inwall can be selected any heat-resisting and material that thermal conductivity is higher, as pottery or various metallic substance, can be stainless steel, copper etc., guarantees the coal seam that heat can well be in inwall imports stove into.
At the pyrolysis of coal initial stage, namely temperature is less than 300 ℃ the time, and described rate of heating is preferably 20-60 ℃/min; In pyrolysis of coal mid-term, namely temperature is in the time of 300-450 ℃, and described rate of heating is preferably 50-70 ℃/min; In the pyrolysis of coal later stage, namely temperature is in the time of 451-700 ℃, and described rate of heating is preferably 70-100 ℃/min.
Compared with prior art, pyrolytic process of coal of the present invention has following features:
1) adopt the rate of heating that changes, the initial stage rate of heating is slower, and ature of coal is long at the low-temperature range heated time, the selectivity of pyrolytic reaction is stronger, the initial stage pyrolysis disconnects key weak in the coal molecule, and thermal polycondensation reaction parallel and order has occured, and has formed the structure of Heat stability is good; At the hot stage decomposition of little, when adopting rapid heating, corresponding STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION is many;
2) adopt external heat type rotary furnace as pyrolysis installation, overcome the defective that the vertical type stove only can pyrolysis lump coal, make the transformation efficiency of coal and tar yield significantly improve;
3) adopt circulating gas as heating medium, greatly saved production cost, and technique is simplified.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but is not limited to the content of the present embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Choose Inner Mongol brown coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, until the amount of feed coal accounts for 1/5 of body of heater cumulative volume, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, make it carry out pyrolysis to the coal in body of heater; By the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 30 ℃/min, when temperature rises to 300 ℃, adjusting rate of heating is 50 ℃/min, when temperature rises to 450 ℃, adjust rate of heating and be 100 ℃/min temperature to the stove and reach 650 ℃-700 ℃, pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress, and wherein the coal tar productive rate is 20.8%.
Described furnace body outer wall is made of light-weight refractory insulating brick or fully fibrous structure, and described light-weight refractory insulating brick is phosphoric acid block salt, magnesia chrome brick etc., and described fully fibrous structure is made of ceramic fiber, aluminum silicate fiber etc.; Described inwall Ceramics or various metallic substance, it is stainless steel, copper etc.
Embodiment 2
Choose Datong weak caking coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, until the amount of feed coal accounts for 1/3 of body of heater cumulative volume, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, make it carry out pyrolysis to the coal in body of heater; By the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 20 ℃/min, when temperature rises to 300-450 ℃, adjusting rate of heating is 60 ℃/min, when temperature rises to more than 450 ℃, adjust rate of heating and be 80 ℃/min temperature to the stove and reach 650 ℃-700 ℃, pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress, and wherein the coal tar productive rate is 21.5%.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Choose refreshing mansion long-flame coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, until the amount of feed coal accounts for 1/3 of body of heater cumulative volume, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, make it carry out pyrolysis to the coal in body of heater; By the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 60 ℃/min, when temperature rises to 300-450 ℃, adjusting rate of heating is 70 ℃/min, when temperature rises to more than 450 ℃, adjust rate of heating and be 90 ℃/min temperature to the stove and reach 650 ℃-700 ℃, pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress, and wherein the coal tar productive rate is 22.0%.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Choose Inner Mongol non-caking coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, until the amount of feed coal accounts for 1/4 of body of heater cumulative volume, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, make it carry out pyrolysis to the coal in body of heater; By the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 40 ℃/min, when temperature rises to 300-450 ℃, adjusting rate of heating is 60 ℃/min, when temperature rises to more than 450 ℃, adjust rate of heating and be 70 ℃/min temperature to the stove and reach 650 ℃-700 ℃, pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress, and wherein the coal tar productive rate is 20.3%.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Choose Inner Mongol brown coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, until the amount of feed coal accounts for 1/4 of body of heater cumulative volume, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, make it carry out pyrolysis to the coal in body of heater; By the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 50 ℃/min, when temperature rises to 300-450 ℃, adjusting rate of heating is 65 ℃/min, when temperature rises to more than 450 ℃, adjust rate of heating and be 85 ℃/min temperature to the stove and reach 650 ℃-700 ℃, pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress, and wherein the coal tar productive rate is 21.2%.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples
Choose Inner Mongol brown coal, put into the vertical type stove, the heat that produces by the combustion chamber heats pyrolysis to the coal seam, be 550 ℃ in temperature, react 85min under normal pressure, generate coal tar and hydrogen, after cooling, separate coal tar and hydrogen, wherein the coal tar productive rate is 15.6%.
Claims (7)
1. the pyrolytic process of a coal, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: at first choosing feed coal, put into external heat type rotary furnace, the body of heater of described rotary kiln comprise outer wall and inwall two-layer, then pass into circulating gas to the space between described outer wall and inwall, by the intake of controlling described circulating gas, heat-up rate is controlled to be 20-100 ℃/min, temperature reaches 650 ℃-700 ℃ to the stove; Be temperature less than 300 ℃ the time, described rate of heating is 20-60 ℃/min; In pyrolysis of coal mid-term, namely temperature is in the time of 300-450 ℃, and described rate of heating is 50-70 ℃/min; In the pyrolysis of coal later stage, namely temperature is in the time of 451-700 ℃, and described rate of heating is 70-100 ℃/min; Pyrolytic reaction is carried out until collect pyrolysis product after reacting completely in the coal seam at this temperature, after separating coal tar and hydrogen, coal gas is circulated to the circulating gas ingress.
2. the pyrolytic process of coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that the amount of feed coal in described body of heater accounts for 1/5～1/3 of body of heater cumulative volume.
3. the pyrolytic process of coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that described feed coal is brown coal, long-flame coal, non-caking coal or weakly caking coal.
4. the pyrolytic process of coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that described furnace body outer wall selects light-weight refractory insulating brick or fully fibrous structure, and described inwall is made of pottery or metallic substance.
5. the pyrolytic process of coal according to claim 4, is characterized in that described light-weight refractory insulating brick is phosphoric acid block salt or magnesia chrome brick.
6. the pyrolytic process of coal according to claim 4, is characterized in that described fully fibrous structure is made of ceramic fiber, aluminum silicate fiber.
7. the pyrolytic process of coal according to claim 4, is characterized in that described metallic substance comprises stainless steel, iron or copper.
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| CN102358840B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-05-01 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Single-stage fine coal multi-pipe rotary low-temperature destructive distillation technology and system |
| CN107434976A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-12-05 | 天津天绿健科技有限公司 | A kind of method that coal destructive distillation processing prepares fuel oil raw material |
| CN105013496A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-11-04 | 天津天绿健科技有限公司 | Catalyst for using coal to prepare fuel feedstock and preparation thereof |
| CN104962306B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-03-15 | 天津天绿健科技有限公司 | A kind of method that Coal dressing prepares hydrocarbon oil feedstock |
Citations (2)
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| CN201193205Y (en) * | 2008-02-24 | 2009-02-11 | 陈宝江 | Rotary furnace for producing active carbon |
| CN101805625A (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-08-18 | 西安三瑞实业有限公司 | Method for preparing carbocoal by thermally cracking raw coal with external-heat horizontal rotary charring furnace |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201193205Y (en) * | 2008-02-24 | 2009-02-11 | 陈宝江 | Rotary furnace for producing active carbon |
| CN101805625A (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-08-18 | 西安三瑞实业有限公司 | Method for preparing carbocoal by thermally cracking raw coal with external-heat horizontal rotary charring furnace |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 韩永霞，姚昭章.升温速度对煤热解动力学的影响.《华东冶金学院学报》.1999,第16卷(第4期),第321页表2，第321页结果分析部分第1-5行. * |
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Effective date of registration: 20150603 Address after: 100101, 1612/1615, building 1, building 8, Beichen East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: BEIJING HUASHI UNITED ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 100079 Beijing City, Fengtai District, No. seven, No. 1603, room 9, No. 44 Patentee before: Shao Suying |