CN102006911A - Ball - Google Patents

Abstract

A ball (B) is provided with a ball body (1) having a spherical surface, and also with projections (2) projecting from the surface of the ball body (1). The projections (2) project such that, when the ball body (1) flies while rotating, the projections (2) suppress instability of fluid force acting on the ball body (1), thereby stabilizing the trajectory of the ball body (1) so that the ball body (1) flies along a predetermined trajectory.

Description

Ball

Technical field

Technology disclosed herein relates to a kind of ball, and this ball is used for various sports, exercise, recreation, recreation etc., and for example the people carries out pitching directly or indirectly, plays football or play ball.

Background technology

The kind of ball roughly is divided into solid shape ball and hollow shape ball.Wherein, a kind of structure as the hollow shape ball has following structure well known, this structure comprises bladders, enhancement Layer, covering rubber layer and epidermal area, in this bladders, enclose compressed air is arranged, this enhancement Layer is wrapped in nylon fiber silk etc. on this bladders along all circumferencial directions and forms, this covering rubber layer is formed on this enhancement Layer, and this epidermal area adheres on this covering rubber layer, mainly forms (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) by a plurality of leather boards.Ball with this structure is called as the subsides ball.

Also have, have following structure well known as different therewith spherical structures, that is: for example shown in the patent documentation 2, the ora terminalis part of a plurality of leather boards sewed up each other and form spherical, thereby form epidermal area, and bladders is accommodated in this epidermal area.Ball with this structure is called as the seam ball.

Have again, as other spherical structure, ball with following structure is for example disclosed in patent documentation 3, this structure is: bladders is accommodated in is stitched into a plurality of woven cloth sheets spherical each other and in the base fabric that forms, and a plurality of leather boards are adhered on the surface of this base fabric, form superficial layer.

-formerly patent documentation-

-patent documentation-

Patent documentation 1: No. 4333648 specification of United States Patent (USP)

Patent documentation 2: a day disclosure special permission communique spy opens flat 9-19516 communique

Patent documentation 3: the international brochure that discloses No. 2004/56424

In the sports of using ball, wish carry out pitching directly or indirectly, when condition (below, also be called the condition of playing ball) when playing football or playing ball is identical, the flight track of ball is always identical.That is to say, wish that the track of the ball flying neither prolongs, do not shorten again, and ball is to the lateral run-out that intersects vertically with the ball moving direction, and arrive desirable position.Like this, the sportsman can be according to intention control good shot.

Also have, in the sports of using ball, can make the ball rotation by force, make the flight track of this ball become the varied orbit of regulation thus.For example, if concede points and vertically rotate to the direction identical with moving direction, the track of this ball just becomes the track that falls that ball descends greatly.

The ball track is become under the situation of varied orbit, the ball track of (when rotating speed is identical) always became identical varied orbit when hope was given identical rotation to ball, also wished the variable quantity and the rotation amount of giving to ball (size of rotating speed) and the proportional relation of speed of ball speed of ball track.Like this, the sportsman can realize desirable ball track, the controlled raising of ball.

Summary of the invention

The present invention In view of the foregoing researchs and develops out.Its purpose is: a kind of controlled ball that improved is provided.

The present application persons repeat discoveries such as experiment, are provided with the ball of regulation protuberance on the ball surface, when the ball main body is being rotated the hydrokinetic unstability of inhibitory action on this ball main body when flying, thereby the image transitions of ball main body are become the track of regulation.Find also that in addition when flight, the amount of falling of this ball is bigger particularly vertically to rotate (so-called top spin) at this ball to the direction identical with moving direction, thereby and this image transitions can be become the track that falls of regulation.Can infer that these phenomenons are relevant with the surface roughness (rugosity) of ball.

A kind of ball is disclosed at this, this bag is drawn together ball main body with spherical surface and from the protuberance of the surface elevation of described ball main body, described protuberance protuberance, make and to rotate the hydrokinetic unstability of inhibitory action on this ball main body when flying when described ball main body, thereby thus the image transitions of described ball main body is become the track of regulation.

According to described ball, because this bag draws together from the regulation protuberance of the surface elevation of ball main body, thus rotating the hydrokinetic unstability of inhibitory action on this ball main body when flying when the ball main body, thus the image transitions of ball main body is become the track of regulation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the related vollyball of demonstration embodiment;

Fig. 2 amplifies and the stereogram on demonstration vollyball surface;

Fig. 3 is the phantom of vollyball;

The phantom of Fig. 4 vollyball that to be structure different with structure among Fig. 3;

The phantom of Fig. 5 vollyball that to be structure different with structure among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 18 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 19 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 20 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 21 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 22 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 23 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 24 is the a-a cutaway view of Figure 23;

Figure 25 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 26 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 27 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 28 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 29 is the b-b cutaway view of Figure 28;

Figure 30 is the schematic diagram that shows other structure of protuberance;

Figure 31 is a key diagram, shows the structure of the ball that comparative example is related;

Figure 32 A is the figure of the related lift efficiency of ball when rotating speed is 300rpm of each example of demonstration;

Figure 32 B is the figure of the related lift efficiency of ball when rotating speed is 480rpm of each example of demonstration;

Figure 32 C is the figure of the related lift efficiency of ball when rotating speed is 600rpm of each example of demonstration;

Figure 33 A is the figure of the lift efficiency of the related ball of demonstration conventional example;

Figure 33 B is the figure of the lift efficiency of the related ball of demonstration comparative example;

Figure 33 C is the figure of the lift efficiency of the related ball of demonstration embodiment;

Figure 34 A is the simulated experiment result of track when rotating speed is 300rpm of the related ball of each example of demonstration figure;

Figure 34 B is the simulated experiment result of track when rotating speed is 480rpm of the related ball of each example of demonstration figure;

Figure 34 C is the simulated experiment result of track when rotating speed is 600rpm of the related ball of each example of demonstration figure;

Figure 35 is the figure that demonstration acts on one of cross force change in time on the related ball of conventional example example;

Figure 36 is the figure that demonstration acts on one of cross force change in time on the related ball of second embodiment example;

Figure 37 is the figure that shows the in-position deviation when playing the related ball of conventional example with the device of playing ball;

Figure 38 is the figure that shows the in-position deviation when playing the related ball of second embodiment with the device of playing ball.

The specific embodiment

Bag disclosed herein is drawn together ball main body with spherical surface and from the protuberance of the surface elevation of described ball main body.Described protuberance protuberance makes and is rotating the hydrokinetic unstability of inhibitory action on this ball main body when flying when described ball main body, thereby thus the image transitions of described ball main body become the track of regulation.

" rotation " described herein thus be not limited to and ball applied power on the direction of rotation ball rotation (be that is to say, rotation more at high speed) situation, and " the ball main body is being rotated and flown " also comprises the situation that ball is not applied consciously the power on the direction of rotation.That is to say, do not mentionlet alone the situation of ball low speed rotation, " the ball main body is being rotated and flown " can comprise that also ball carries out utmost point low speed rotation, we can say the situation that is in certainly normal non-rotating state.

Also can be such, that is: described protuberance swells, and the deviation of the in-position when described ball main body is flown is under the same conditions dwindled." in-position " described herein comprises the flying distance (in-position on the heading) of ball main body and the in-position transversely that intersects vertically with this heading.That is to say that the flight path that protuberance suppresses the ball main body prolongs or shortens, and suppresses ball to laterally departing from, and dwindles the deviation of in-position thus.

Also can be such, that is: described protuberance protuberance, make when described ball main body when the direction identical with the moving direction of this ball main body vertically rotated flight, thereby the image transitions of this ball main body is become the track that falls of regulation." vertically rotation " described herein refers to make by force the ball rotation, and this ball is more vertically rotated.

That is to say that the present application person find, when described ball is rotating flight, the image transitions of ball main body, the deviation of in-position is dwindled; When described ball is vertically rotated, the image transitions of this ball and become the track that falls of regulation.

Also can be such, that is: described protuberance with the pattern arrangement of regulation on the whole surface of described ball main body.

Also can be such, that is: described protuberance be configured in the whole surface of described ball main body equably.

Also can be such, that is: the surface of described ball main body be mainly formed by a plurality of plates.

Below, the embodiment of ball is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.Remark additionally example only on the illustrative in nature of following preferred implementation.

Fig. 1 shows the ball that present embodiment is related.At this, be that example is illustrated ball with the vollyball.Remark additionally, ball is not limited to vollyball.It for example also can be the ball that in other sports such as football, handball and basketball, uses.

As showing amplifying among Fig. 2, described vollyball B comprises ball main body 1 and from the protuberance 2 of the surface elevation of ball main body 1.

As Fig. 3, Fig. 4 or shown in Figure 5, the ball main body 1 in the present embodiment has the structure of so-called subsides ball.That is to say, ball main body 1 constitutes and comprises bladders 11, enhancement Layer 12, covering rubber layer 13 and epidermal area 15, this bladders 11 is spherical and hollow, this enhancement Layer 12 covers the surface of bladders 11, this covers rubber layer 13 and covers enhancement Layer 12, for example formed by natural rubber, this epidermal area 15 is made of lip-deep a plurality of (being 18 in this vollyball B) leather board 14 that adheres to this covering rubber layer 13 via adhesive, forms the dome shape surface of ball main body 1.

Described bladders 11 is formed by non-breathable, elastic bodies such as for example butyl rubbers.Compressed air is sealing in the bladders 11 by the valve that does not show.

Described enhancement Layer 12 is by there being the long nylon fiber silk of thousands of m etc. to be wrapped on the bladders 11 and the wire winding layer that forms or a plurality of sheets of weaving cotton cloth are sewed up glomerate layer of cloth constitute along all circumferencial directions.This enhancement Layer 12 makes the steady qualityization of ball.That is to say, because this enhancement Layer 12, the proper sphere of ball main body 1, durability, spherical maintenance and over time intensity all improved.

Described leather board 14 is made of natural leather, dermatine or synthetic leather, has the elongated shape of regulation respectively.Leather board 14 is configured to following state, that is: when with the surface of ball main body 1 up and down, about and fore-and-aft direction promptly by the center of ball main body and six axles that intersect vertically (below, also be called central shaft) all directions of being extended are divided into six when regional, be provided with three leather boards 14 in each forms approximate rectangular zone, the peripheral part of each leather board 14 contacts with each other.Leather board 14 covers the surface of ball main body 1, forms described epidermal area 15 thus.Remark additionally, the shape of each leather board and quantity are also unrestricted, can adopt suitable shape and quantity.

Remark additionally, though the diagram of omission, the peripheral part, the back side of each leather board 14 is reamed along the direction that tilts with respect to thickness direction.Thus, the position that is engaged with each other in leather board 14 peripheral parts on ball main body 1 surface is formed with the recess that horizontal section is approximate V font.That is to say, formed the concavo-convex of regulation on the surface of described vollyball B in advance.

Remark additionally, in Fig. 3～Fig. 5, schematically depicted the section of ball main body 1, so that understand easily.Though depicted each layer with thickness about equally in the accompanying drawings, the thickness of each layer is unequal in fact mutually.

As shown in Figure 2, described protuberance 2 is wire in the related vollyball B of present embodiment.On each leather board 14, the both direction that the edge intersects vertically is across uniformly-spaced disposing many these wire protuberances 2.Thus, be formed with the square lattice that forms by described protuberance 2 on the surface of ball main body 1.In other words, dispose many rectangular patterns equably on the whole surface of ball main body 1.

For example form each protuberance 2 on the surface of ball main body 1 for well according to following way.That is to say, for example shown in Figure 3, on covering rubber layer 13, form to the outstanding projecting strip part 13a of radial outside.Because this projecting strip part 13a, the leather board 14 that adheres on this coverings rubber layer 13 swells to the radial outside of ball main body 1, thereby is formed from the protuberance 2 of the surface elevation of ball main body 1.

Remark additionally, can form described projecting strip part 13a with covering rubber layer 13, but the formation method of projecting strip part 13a is not limited to integrally formed.For example, though omit diagram, also can be installed on the surface of covering rubber layer 13, thereby form described projecting strip part 13a by the projecting strip part spare that ways such as adhesion will have a specified altitude.

Also can be such, that is:, on leather board 14, form, form thus from the protuberance 2 of the surface elevation of ball main body 1 from the outstanding projecting strip part 14a in the surface of this leather board 14 with above-mentioned different, for example shown in Figure 4.

Also have, also can be such, that is: not be to form described projecting strip part 14a, but projecting strip part spare 14b is installed on the surface of leather board 14 by ways such as for example adhesions with leather board 14, form thus from the protuberance 2 of the surface elevation of ball main body 1, for example shown in Figure 5.

Describe in detail hereinafter, has following function from each protuberance 2 of the surface elevation of ball main body 1, that is: when ball main body 1 rotation (comprising utmost point low speed rotation) when flight, the hydrokinetic unstability of inhibitory action on the ball main body, thus the image transitions of ball main body is become the regulation track.That is to say that the deviation of ball main body 1 in-position when condition of playing ball of ball main body 1 is identical (flying distance and the position transversely that intersects vertically with heading) is suppressed.Also have, each protuberance 2 has following function, that is: in ball main body 1 when the direction identical with the moving direction of ball main body 1 vertically rotated flight, thereby the image transitions of this ball main body 1 is become the track that falls of regulation.That is to say that when giving identical rotation for ball main body 1, the track of this ball always becomes the identical track that falls.Also have, the amount of falling is roughly becoming proportionate relationship to change with rotating speed and ball speed.

At this, preferably the height of each protuberance 2 is about 0.05mm～0.4mm, more preferably about 0.1mm～0.2mm.Just can reach the stabilisation of ball track in the mode of the operability of not damaging ball main body 1 in such event.

Also have, the ratio of the surface area (for example with reference to Fig. 3) of preferred protuberance 2 parts and the total surface area of ball main body 1 is about 10%～40%, more preferably about 20%～30%.In such event, just can either guarantee the operability of ball main body 1, can realize the stabilisation of ball track again.Remark additionally, this ratio gives be provided with the index of many a spot of protuberances 2 on ball main body 1.

The configuration of described protuberance 2 and shape are not limited in configuration shown in Fig. 2 and shape.Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings the configuration of protuberance 2 and the variation of shape are illustrated.

In Fig. 6, form hexagon-shaped pattern, and this hexagon-shaped pattern is configured to contacting with each other arranges with wire protuberance 2.That is to say, form honeycomb lattice by protuberance 2.

In Fig. 7, the protuberance 2 that forms hexagon-shaped pattern is configured to each other across being spaced.Set adjacent hexagon-shaped pattern be configured to interconnected.

In Fig. 8, short line segment shape protuberance 2 is configured to each other across uniformly-spaced along two arranged askew that intersect vertically in Fig. 8.Like this, just form square lattice to oblique inclination by protuberance 2.

In Fig. 9, three short line segment shape protuberances 2 are configured to form triangle, form triangle pattern, and this triangle pattern is configured to along the direction up and down among Fig. 9 across uniformly-spaced arranging.

In Figure 10, also dispose short line segment shape protuberance 2 in each grid in square lattice pattern shown in Figure 8.In adjacent grid, protuberance 2 towards different.

In Figure 11, three short line segment shape protuberances 2 are configured to form the Y font, form Y font pattern, and be across uniformly-spaced arranging along the direction up and down among Figure 11 this Y font pattern arrangement.Set adjacent Y font pattern be configured to interconnected.Also have, systematicness conversion Y font pattern according to the rules on above-below direction towards.Thus, form hexagonal lattice by six Y font patterns, and in each this grid, all dispose Y font pattern.

In Figure 12, reach obliquely along the vertical direction respectively across uniformly-spaced disposing wire protuberance 2, form triangular lattice thus.In other words, many equilateral triangle pattern arrangement are arranged for contacting with each other.

In Figure 13, form argyle designs with wire protuberance 2, and this argyle design is configured to contacting with each other arranges.

In Figure 14, form circular patterns with wire protuberance 2, and this circular pattern is configured to contacting with each other along the direction up and down among Figure 14 arranges.

In Figure 15, form circular pattern with short line segment shape protuberance 2, and this circular pattern is configured to along the direction up and down among Figure 15 each other across being spaced.

In Figure 16, be configured to the circular pattern among Figure 15 staggered.

In Figure 17, the circular pattern among Figure 14 is configured to: the mode with the part that overlaps each other is arranged along the direction up and down among Figure 17.

In Figure 18, short line segment shape protuberance 2 is configured to groined type, and is: line up staggered respectively along the both direction that intersects vertically with this groined type pattern arrangement.Remark additionally, configuration is not limited to interconnected.

In Figure 19, short line segment shape protuberance 2 is configured to: arrange along the both direction that intersects vertically respectively.Thus, be formed with the square lattice that on lattice point, does not have protuberance 2.

In Figure 20, short line segment shape protuberance 2 is configured to the X font, and is: arrange along the both direction that intersects vertically respectively this X font pattern arrangement.

In Figure 21, long line segment shape protuberance 2 is configured to arrange along a direction.At this, can be as shown in the drawing the mutual interval of periodic variation protuberance 2, this interval also can be uniformly-spaced.

In Figure 22, short line segment shape protuberance 2 is configured to the V font, and is: arrange along the both direction that intersects vertically respectively this V font pattern arrangement.

In Figure 23 and Figure 24, will become the protuberance 2 of pin (spike) shape to be configured to form hexagon-shaped pattern from surface elevation, and this hexagon-shaped pattern will be configured to: arrange along the direction up and down among Figure 23.

In Figure 25, be configured to the hexagon-shaped pattern among Figure 23 staggered.

In Figure 26, will become the protuberance 2 of pin shape to be configured to form square pattern from surface elevation, and this square pattern will be configured to: along the direction up and down among Figure 26 across being spaced.

In Figure 27, will become the protuberance 2 of pin shape to be configured to form triangle pattern and del pattern from surface elevation, and with this triangle pattern and del pattern arrangement be: the mode with the part that overlaps each other be arranged along the direction up and down among Figure 27.

In Figure 28 and Figure 29, will become the protuberance 2 of point-like to be configured to from surface elevation: along the direction up and down Figure 28 across uniformly-spaced arranging.Also have, around each protuberance 2, be formed with annular recess 21.Remark additionally, can omit and do not establish this groove 21.

In Figure 30, be configured to the point-like protuberance 2 among Figure 28 staggered.

Remark additionally, the configuration of the protuberance 2 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 6～shown in Figure 30 and the configuration more than two or three in the shape and combination of shapes can be got up use.

-the first embodiment-

Then, the embodiment to concrete enforcement is illustrated.At first, prepare 18 leather boards 14 and be attached to lip-deep vollyball (diameter is 209mm) as conventional example in market sale.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2, prepare to be formed with the vollyball of square lattice shape protuberance 2 as embodiment.

Also have, made following vollyball as shown in figure 31 as a comparative example, this vollyball is made like this, that is: section is on the surface that diameter is the vollyball B that is affixed in market sale of the lines parts 3 of the circle of 0.45mm, the central shaft that these lines parts 3 are formed with this vollyball B is the center and has the circle of specified diameter (with reference to the D of Figure 31).Particularly, the related vollyball of comparative example is attached to six thread-like member 3 on the vollyball surface and constitutes, these six thread-like member 3 with about, about and before and after these are that the center forms the circle that diameter is 187mm respectively by ball main center and six axles intersecting vertically.Remark additionally, figure 31 illustrates five lines parts 3, do not show lines parts of the rear side that is configured in ball main body 1 in the figure.

By described each example is carried out wind tunnel experiment, investigated the aerodynamic characteristics of the related ball of each example.In Figure 32 and Figure 33, show the result of this wind tunnel experiment with respect to the situation of change of reynolds number Re as lift coefficient CL.And, these values have also been studied the situation of movement (with reference to Figure 34) of ball.At this, Figure 32 A shows makes the comparison of ball with the lift coefficient of each ball of 300rpm under the situation that the direction identical with moving direction vertically rotated; Figure 32 B shows makes the comparison of ball with the lift coefficient of each ball of 480rpm under the situation that the direction identical with moving direction vertically rotated; Figure 32 C shows makes the comparison of ball with the lift coefficient of each ball of 600rpm under the situation that the direction identical with moving direction vertically rotated.Also have, Figure 33 A shows the comparison of the lift coefficient under the situation that makes the related ball of conventional example change rotating speed; Figure 33 B shows the comparison of the lift coefficient under the situation that makes the related ball of comparative example change rotating speed; Figure 33 C shows the comparison of the lift coefficient under the situation that makes the related ball of embodiment change rotating speed.At this, the ordinate among Figure 32 and Figure 33 represents to be equivalent to the reynolds number Re of the ball speed of 50km/h, and the zone that reynolds number Re is higher than the reynolds number Re on this ordinate is the operational speed zone of for example vollyball.Therefore, below gaze at than this ordinate also near the zone on right side.

At first, 32A with the aid of pictures.Compare with the ball in the conventional example, the ball in the comparative example and the lift coefficient of the ball among the embodiment all are the bigger negative value of absolute value (absolute value is bigger), and compare the suffered strength down of ball in the comparative example and the ball among the embodiment with the ball in the conventional example all bigger.Therefore, it is all bigger to compare the amount of falling of ball in the comparative example and the ball among the embodiment with the ball in the conventional example.

Also have, with reference to Figure 32 B and Figure 32 C.The lift coefficient of comparing the ball in the comparative example with the ball in the conventional example is bigger, and the lift coefficient of comparing the ball among the embodiment with the ball in the conventional example is the bigger negative value of absolute value.Therefore, under the rotating ratio condition with higher, the amount of falling of the ball among the embodiment also amount of falling than the ball in the conventional example is big.

Also has 33A with the aid of pictures.Lift coefficient CL when the lift coefficient CL of the ball in the conventional example when rotating speed is 480rpm and 600rpm is 300rpm with rotating speed has compared significantly and has changed, and lift coefficient CL produces rapid variation according to change in rotational speed.And in some cases, the lift coefficient CL of the ball in the conventional example can be not change monotonously according to the variation of reynolds number Re.For example, though when rotating speed is 300rpm, lift coefficient CL reduces monotonously according to the increase of reynolds number Re, but when rotating speed is 600rpm, lift coefficient CL changes (perhaps, increasing a bit a little) hardly according to the increase of reynolds number Re, the characteristic of lift coefficient CL is different fully.Say that more for example when rotating speed is 480rpm, the reynolds number Re that exists lift coefficient CL to descend, lift coefficient CL do not change monotonously according to the increase of reynolds number Re.

Also have, according to the ball in the comparative example, the difference of lift coefficient CL when lift coefficient CL when the poor and rotating speed of the lift coefficient CL when the lift coefficient CL when rotating speed is 300rpm is 480rpm with rotating speed is 480rpm and rotating speed are 600rpm is different, and lift coefficient CL is not certain with respect to the situation of change of change in rotational speed.Say that again in some cases, the lift coefficient CL of the ball in the comparative example can not change according to the variation of reynolds number Re when constant monotonously in that rotating speed is certain.For example, though when rotating speed is 300rpm, lift coefficient CL is according to the increase of reynolds number Re and almost constant, and when rotating speed was 480rpm and 600rpm, lift coefficient CL increased the characteristic difference of lift coefficient CL monotonously according to the increase of reynolds number Re.

Relative therewith, the lift coefficient CL of the ball among the embodiment can not produce rapid variation according to change in rotational speed, the roughly proportional relation of lift coefficient CL and change in rotational speed.Also have, certain when constant at rotating speed, lift coefficient CL increases more monotonously according to the increase of reynolds number Re.This shows that the amount of falling of comparing the ball among the embodiment with ball in the conventional example and the ball in the comparative example is bigger, and the proportional relation of variable quantity of the amount of falling of the ball among the embodiment and rotating speed and ball speed.Therefore, according to the ball among the embodiment, can when vertically rotating, obtain the stable track that falls.

The described hereinbefore explanation that is based on lift coefficient CL if will study the actual amount of falling, just needs also to consider that the speed relevant with resistance coefficient CD reduces the influence that is brought.Figure 34 A～Figure 34 C display simulation result of experiment in this simulated experiment, reduces the influence brought according to described experimental result and the speed of considering and calculates track when each vollyball among conventional example, comparative example and the embodiment served a ball.In Figure 34 A, the rotating speed of setting ball is 300rpm; In Figure 34 B, the rotating speed of setting ball is 480rpm; In Figure 34 C, the rotating speed of setting ball is 600rpm.

At this, in described simulated experiment, analog computation retreat 2m and highly be the position of the 2.2m ball track when playing ball from end line with the speed of 50km/h.Also have, the angle of playing ball that is set among conventional example, comparative example and the embodiment is mutually the same.That is to say, under various rotating speeds, set in conventional example and the comparative example play ball angle for embodiment in the ball angle angle same of playing ball of crossing the net of court central authorities.

According to the result of described simulated experiment, when rotating speed is 300rpm (with reference to Figure 34 A), the track of the ball in conventional example and the comparative example is roughly the same, and near later ball track peak of the ball among the embodiment hangs down a bit than conventional example and comparative example.That is to say that the track variation of comparing the ball among the embodiment with conventional example is bigger, the flying distance of comparing the ball among the embodiment thus with conventional example and comparative example is shorter.

Also have, when rotating speed is 480rpm (with reference to Figure 34 B), the flying distance of the ball in the comparative example is longer than the flying distance of the ball in the conventional example, and the flying distance of the ball among the embodiment is shorter than the flying distance of the ball in the conventional example.When being 600rpm, rotating speed has this tendency too.Also have, along with increasing of rotating speed, the ball track among the embodiment and the difference of the ball track in the conventional example become more remarkable.

-the second embodiment-

Then, preparation is ball (ball in this conventional example is identical with ball in the described conventional example) in the conventional example and the vollyball (second embodiment) that is formed with other embodiment of conduct of honeycomb lattice shape protuberance 2 as shown in Figure 6 at the vollyball of market sale, and conventional example and second embodiment have been carried out comparison about the stability of ball track.

Figure 35 is the figure that shows power on the direction that the heading with this ball intersects vertically (below, claim that also this power that acts on the ball is cross force) change conditions in time, and this figure obtains by conventional example is carried out wind tunnel experiment.Figure 36 is the figure that shows cross force L change conditions in time, and this figure obtains by second embodiment is carried out wind tunnel experiment.At this, each ball is not rotated and remain static.Wind speed is 14m/s.With reference to Figure 35, the amplitude of the cross force L in the conventional example is ± 0.5N about, and the amplitude of the cross force L among second embodiment is less, for about ± 0.25N.That is to say that the change of comparing the cross force among second embodiment with conventional example is littler, thereby when making the related ball practical flight of this second embodiment, the flight track that suppresses this ball is to the lateral run-out that intersects vertically with moving direction.

Then, the deviation of the in-position when playing ball actual each ball beaten among the conventional example and second embodiment of device is estimated.In the play ball diagram of device of this omission, this device of playing ball constitutes and comprises revolution arm and tabular beater plate, the base end side of this revolution arm is by pivotal support, this revolution arm rotates around this pivot, this tabular beater plate is installed in the top of revolution arm, this device of playing ball constitutes near the position of the below in the slewing area that ball can be installed in this revolution arm, plays volleyball with arm with the anthropomorphic dummy.Beater plate is owing to the rotation of revolution arm bumps against the approximate centre position of ball, and the device of playing ball is played this ball thus.Because this structure, the device of playing ball can be when not playing ball not be given power on the direction of rotation to ball, so the ball in each example is rotating with the slow-speed of revolution or the utmost point slow-speed of revolution and flies.The device of playing ball constitutes: can change the initial velocity of ball by the velocity of rotation of adjusting this revolution arm, and can change the angle of beater plate on bumping against ball time the, the angle thereby change is played ball by the installation site of adjusting ball.In the present embodiment, the condition of playing ball of setting the device of playing ball is: initial velocity is 14m/s, and the angle of playing ball is about 20 °.Figure 37 is the figure of the in-position deviation of the related ball of demonstration conventional example; Figure 38 is the figure of the in-position deviation of the related ball of demonstration second embodiment.Figure 37 and Figure 38 be based on that ball flies from left to right towards drawing the flying distance of the transverse axis among each figure (X-axis) expression ball, the bias in the horizontal of the longitudinal axis among each figure (Y-axis) expression ball.Therefore, these two figure of Figure 37 and Figure 38 plotted point (plotting) on the XY plane illustrates the ball in-position on the floor.Remark additionally, each example is tried 90 times at this.

At first, with reference to Figure 37 (conventional example) as seen, though the ball in-position 1200cm～1700cm (X-axis) ,-scope of 250cm～250cm (Y-axis) in, but the situation and the bigger situation of lateral run-out amount that exist flying distance to prolong or shorten are as surrounding shown in the line with the dot-dash wire in the figure.For the deviation to the in-position is estimated, calculate mean value on the directions X and the mean value on the Y direction respectively according to described data, the mean value that calculates is decided to be average in-position, has calculated the standard deviation of the distance between the in-position in this average in-position and each time test again.The standard deviation that goes out according to the data computation among this Figure 37 is 54.66.

Relative therewith, with reference to Figure 38 (second embodiment), the ball in-position the 1200cm～1700cm identical (X-axis) with conventional example ,-scope of 250cm～250cm (Y-axis) in, and different with conventional example, the situation and the bigger situation of lateral run-out amount that exist flying distance to prolong or shorten in a second embodiment hardly.The standard deviation of the described distance that goes out according to the data computation among this Figure 38 is 41.29, as seen with conventional example in situation to compare deviation littler.Thus, can learn following thing, that is: in a second embodiment, can suppress that the ball track prolongs or shorten, and can suppress track to the lateral run-out that intersects vertically with the ball moving direction about the flying distance of ball.This means will concede points the sportsman arrives desirable position, that is to say will be according to intention control good shot the time very favourable.

Remark additionally, as mentioned above, the ball that can use technology disclosed herein is not limited to vollyball B.Can also use present technique to other various balls that are used for sports, exercise, recreation or recreation etc.Remark additionally, with what the concrete example of ball can be enumerated football, handball etc. are arranged as sports.

Also have, the structure of ball is not limited to paste ball.Can use present technique to the ball of variety of configurations.For example structure is not limited to the hollow shape ball, can use present technique to solid shape ball.

As for example having that the concrete example of the structure of pasting the hollow shape ball beyond the ball can be enumerated: have and comprise and the ora terminalis part of a plurality of leather boards sewed up each other and form spherical epidermal area and be accommodated in the ball of the structure of the bladders in this epidermal area, promptly so-called seam ball.When this seam ball is used present technique, can on leather board, form projecting strip part, thereby protuberance is set; Also can projecting strip part spare be installed on the surface of leather board, thereby protuberance is set by ways such as adhesions.

In addition, other concrete example as the structure of hollow shape ball, for example can also enumerate following structure, that is: bladders is accommodated in and be stitched into a plurality of woven cloth sheets spherical each other and in the base fabric that forms, and a plurality of leather boards be adhered on the surface of this base fabric.The same with described seam ball, when the ball with this structure is used present technique,, perhaps projecting strip part spare is installed on the leather board and gets final product by ways such as adhesions as long as on leather board, form projecting strip part.Also can be so in addition, that is: for example projecting strip part spare is attached on the base fabric, and with the leather board adhesion thereon, be provided with thus from the protuberance of ball surface elevation.

-industrial applicability-

In sum, according to technology disclosed herein, the ball image transitions in the time of can making rotation, it is controlled to improve ball, thereby this technology is to various balls of great use.

Claims (6)

1. ball, this bag are drawn together ball main body with spherical surface and from the protuberance of the surface elevation of described ball main body, be it is characterized in that:

Described protuberance protuberance makes and is rotating the hydrokinetic unstability of inhibitory action on this ball main body when flying when described ball main body, thereby thus the image transitions of described ball main body become the track of regulation.

2. ball according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described protuberance protuberance, the deviation of the in-position when described ball main body is flown is under the same conditions dwindled.

3. ball according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:

Described protuberance protuberance, make when described ball main body when the direction identical with the moving direction of this ball main body vertically rotated flight, thereby the image transitions of this ball main body is become the track that falls of regulation.

4. according to each described ball in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that:

Described protuberance with the pattern arrangement of regulation on the whole surface of described ball main body.

5. according to each described ball in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that:

Described protuberance is configured in the whole surface of described ball main body equably.

6. according to each described ball in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that:

The surface of described ball main body is mainly formed by a plurality of plates.

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