Background technology
Along with the formation of the key rack of extra-high voltage grid, interconnected the increasing in zone, electric power system just develops towards the interconnected direction of big electrical network.The dynamic behaviour of interconnected network and unstability mode characteristic also become increasingly complex, and the stability problem of electrical network has received more and more concerns.Fault can take place at any time in the electrical network, how to guarantee the dynamic stability of system, has enough dampings after being subjected to big disturbance, and being the attenuated oscillation state in the dynamic rocking process is the problem that needs solve.
Pattern analysis is the extraction system dominant pattern from disturbed track, and provides the unit degree of participation and the situation of hiving off, thereby can assist control, reaches the purpose that improves system damping.The Prony algorithm is that a kind of linear combination with exponential term comes limited signal by equal interval sampling of match, can obtain the algorithm of frequency, damping, amplitude and the phase angle of signal.With the geometric locus after the Prony Algorithm Analysis system disturbance, can obtain reflecting the dominant pattern information of system dynamic characteristic.
The present invention proposes a kind of power system dynamic stability aid decision-making method of analyzing based on disturbed trajectory model.This method is calculated power system dynamic stability under the forecast failure, to the situation of system damping deficiency after the fault, provides the unit output that improves power system dynamic stability and adjusts measure.
Summary of the invention
When the situation of underdamping or negative damping appears in system under forecast failure based on the power system dynamic stability aid decision-making method of disturbed trajectory model analysis, calculate the participation factors of the relevant unit of dominant pattern and the situation of hiving off according to pattern analysis, adopt unit adjustment amount under the parallel computation search multi-mode, fault at underdamping provides the unit output adjustment measure that improves system damping, thereby improves power system dynamic stability.
The present invention takes following technical scheme to realize, comprises the following steps:
1) each fault to be examined or check is carried out time-domain-simulation and calculate, with the meritorious curve of Prony Algorithm Analysis interconnection or the equivalent power-angle curve of EEAC.Filter out amplitude greater than threshold value in the pattern that obtains, and satisfy the pattern of given frequency range, get the pattern of wherein damping minimum as the dominant pattern under this fault, the dominant pattern damping is the system damping under the fault.In order when controlling, not worsen the fault of criticality safety, set one greater than the safe threshold value σ of damping
SafeValue σ
Thres, with damping less than σ
ThresFault as fault to be controlled.
2) obtain under each fault to be controlled behind the dominant pattern, calculate the generator participation factors of dominant pattern.Define i pattern λ
iThe participation factors of following m machine is:
Wherein
For the m machine is gained merit curve at pattern λ
iUnder energy value, T
J, mInertia time constant for the m machine.Energy value is defined as:
(n=0,1 ..., N-1), wherein
α
iBe damping ratio, f
iBe frequency of oscillation, A
iBe amplitude, Δ t is sampling time interval, and N is the data window sampling number.Get participation factors maximum in all units
Be benchmark, other unit participation factors can obtain normalized participation factors divided by fiducial value.
3) under the dominant pattern of each fault to be controlled, according to the people having the same aspiration and interest situation that participates in unit, be benchmark 0 degree with the phase place of the generator of participation factors maximum, divide angular interval by positive and negative 90 degree, unit is divided into two groups.
4) merge the identical fault of dominant pattern.If the difference on the frequency of two fault dominant patterns is less than the frequency threshold value, and unit hives off the big unit number of participation factors accounts for the unit sum in the consistent unit ratio greater than set point under the dominant pattern, judges that then two faults are model identical.The fault identical to dominant pattern got the fault of damping minimum as the critical failure under this pattern, and minimum damping is controlled by the dominant pattern after merging as the damping under this pattern.
5) according to the unit grouping result participation unit of each pattern is designated as 1 group and 2 groups.Participation factors in 1 group is designated as G1 greater than the unit of threshold values
GreaterUnit, participation factors is designated as G1 less than the unit of threshold values
LessUnit.The given quantity of power that subtracts is assigned to the big G1 of participation factors
GreaterUnit, it is σ that the note unit output reduces the back system damping
1In like manner unit is designated as G2 in 2 groups
GreaterUnit, G2
LessUnit, adjusting the back system damping is σ
2
6) system damping was σ before note was adjusted
0, determine that according to adjusting back system damping improvement situation unit is adjusted direction under each pattern.If σ
1>σ
0>σ
2, G1 then
GreaterUnit subtracts exerts oneself G2
GreaterUnit increases exerts oneself; If σ
2>σ
0>σ
1, G2 then
GreaterUnit subtracts exerts oneself G1
GreaterUnit increases exerts oneself; If σ
2>σ
1>σ
0, G2 then
GreaterUnit subtracts exerts oneself G1
LessUnit increases exerts oneself with balanced power; If σ
1>σ
2>σ
0, G1 then
GreaterUnit subtracts exerts oneself G2
LessUnit increases exerts oneself with balanced power; If σ
0>σ
1>σ
2, G2 then
GreaterUnit increases exerts oneself G1
LessUnit subtracts exerts oneself with balanced power; If σ
0>σ
2>σ
1, G1 then
GreaterUnit increases exerts oneself G2
LessUnit subtracts exerts oneself with balanced power.
Need coordinate each pattern unit when 7) a plurality of patterns are controlled and adjust the different situation of direction.To same unit, if adjust the direction difference in a plurality of patterns, getting in the pattern of participation factors maximum unit, to adjust direction be benchmark.Remember that the set of patterns opposite with reference direction is A, wherein A={A
i, i=1, L, m.If this unit participation factors is all less than given threshold value among the A, then with reference direction as final adjustment direction.If exist this unit participation factors greater than the situation of threshold value among the A, then this unit is uncontrollable.
8) determine each pattern unit adjustment order by the index of cost performance.The index comprehensive of cost performance has been considered control performance and the control cost of unit, and the participation factors of establishing i platform unit is p
i, the control cost is c
i, then the cost performance of i platform unit is CP
i=p
i/ c
i
9) calculate maximum adjustable power according to adjustable unit, adopt unit adjustment amount under the parallel computation search multi-mode.Divide each dominant pattern power-adjustable interval by available computers check figure and the total region of search of pattern, calculate system's dynamic antivibration of corresponding fault under each adjustment amount, dwindle the power interval that next round is calculated according to last round of result of calculation, satisfy required precision up to step-size in search.The method in concrete division power-adjustable interval is as follows: total region of search length of M pattern is
Then the theory fractionation step-length of power adjustment gear is
(N
Idle_cpuBe the available computers check figure).The scheme number of pattern i correspondence is N
I, sch=(INT) (L
i/ S
0)+1, (INT represents to round).If
Then ascending successively with N by search power siding-to-siding block length
I, schSubtract 1 to
But N
I, schCan not be for 0 to guarantee that all patterns all participate in calculating.The scheme number of adjusting back pattern i correspondence as stated above is N
I, sch, actual fractionation step-length is S
i=L
i/ N
I, sch
10) merge the unit adjustment amount of each pattern.If all comprise same unit and this unit adjustment amount difference in the adjustment unit of a plurality of patterns, then get the maximum adjustment amount of this unit as final adjustment amount.Can't balance if increase the power total amount and subtract the power total amount, then all select the balanced power unit the less unit from each pattern participation factors.
11) merge the unit adjustment amount of each pattern after, form new trend mode, check each fault after system damping whether meet the demands.If all faults are all controlled or do not have an adjustable power interval, then finish to calculate.If the damping of fault dominant pattern is again less than the safe threshold value σ of damping behind the merging unit adjustment amount
Thres, then need to carry out the next round iteration.The control measure that in next round is calculated last round of calculating provided are adjusted as initial value.In adjustment, if the power of the assembling unit is adjusted direction and the inconsistent situation of last round of adjustment direction, think that then this unit is uncontrollable.New dominant pattern occurs if check the back, and this pattern do not satisfy the safe threshold value of damping, need under the prerequisite of accepting original adjustment measure, control emerging pattern yet.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention reaches the purpose of improving system damping by adjusting unit output, and the dynamic stability of assurance system under forecast failure meets the demands.Each fault to be examined or check is carried out time-domain-simulation calculate, utilize the disturbed track of Prony Algorithm Analysis, the extraction system dominant pattern.The meritorious curve of generator behind each fault simulation is carried out pattern analysis, calculate participation factors and the grouping result of unit.According to the situation of hiving off of unit, adopt perturbation method to determine that the power of the assembling unit is adjusted direction under each pattern.After considering that unit is adjusted the coordination of direction under a plurality of patterns, determine each pattern unit adjustment order according to the cost performance index.According to available computers check figure and the total region of search of pattern the adjustable interval of each pattern is divided into a plurality of gears, utilizes parallel computer group to calculate dynamic antivibration under each gear adjustment scheme, the unit adjustment amount of system damping requirement is satisfied in search.After merging each pattern unit adjustment amount, check control measure and implement whether system damping all meets the demands under each fault of back.Then carry out the next round iteration as not meeting the demands.Power system dynamic stability aid decision-making method based on disturbed trajectory model analysis provides the unit output adjustment measure that improves system damping when underdamping or negative damping appear in system under forecast failure, the stable operation that ensures interconnected electric power system is had great significance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, method of the present invention is described in detail.Calculate in order to utilize parallel computer group to carry out dynamic stabilization aid decision-making, program is divided into management node program and computing node program.
Step 1 is described is the meritorious curve of interconnection behind all fault simulations or the equivalent power-angle curve of EEAC to be carried out Prony analyze, and the extraction system dominant pattern judges whether to cause the fault of system damping deficiency according to dominant pattern.If there is not the situation of system damping deficiency after the fault, then provide the information of system safety, withdraw from aid decision and calculate.Otherwise commentaries on classics step 2.
Step 2 is described is to utilize the Prony Algorithm Analysis to analyze the meritorious curve of all generators after each fault, calculates dominant pattern and participates in the participation factors of unit and hive off, and merges the model identical fault.The management node program is formulated numerical procedure, and merges the identical fault of dominant pattern according to the result that computing node returns.The computing node program is finished the meritorious curve of all generators under certain fault is carried out Prony analysis, the work of calculating dominant pattern unit participation factors and hiving off.
What step 3 was described is to judge that according to perturbation back system damping improvement situation unit is adjusted direction under each fault dominant pattern.The management node program forms the perturbation scheme according to the unit grouping result of dominant pattern under each fault, and judges unit adjustment direction according to the result of calculation that computing node returns.The computing node program is resolved the scheme file, revises the trend mode after obtaining unit adjustment scheme, carries out dynamic stability and calculates, and provides the damping result.
What step 4 was described is the adjustment unit of coordinating each pattern under a plurality of patterns.Adjusting direction with unit in the pattern of participation factors maximum is benchmark, if participation factors is all less than threshold value in the pattern opposite with reference direction, then with reference direction as final adjustment direction.If participation factors has the situation greater than threshold value in the pattern opposite with reference direction, then this unit is uncontrollable.After considering that unit is adjusted cost and participation factors, finally determine the unit adjustment order of each pattern by the cost performance index.
What step 5 was described is to adopt the parallel computation search to satisfy the minimum adjustment amount that system damping requires.The management node program is a plurality of gears according to idle computer check figure with the power-adjustable interval division of each pattern, forms numerical procedure.The computing node program is resolved the scheme file, carries out dynamic stability and calculates.The management node program judges whether to satisfy the condition of convergence after receiving the result that computing node returns.Do not reach required precision if also have adjustable interval and adjust step-length, then dwindle the region of search according to epicycle result of calculation and carry out the next round iteration.If do not had adjustable interval or adjustment step-length to satisfy required precision, then changeed step 6.
What step 6 was described is the unit adjustment amount that merges each pattern.If all comprise same unit and this unit adjustment amount difference in the adjustment unit of a plurality of patterns, then get the maximum adjustment amount of this unit as final adjustment amount.Can't balance if increase the power total amount and subtract the power total amount, then all select the balanced power unit the less unit from each pattern participation factors.
What step 7 was described is to check whether all faults all satisfied the damping requirement after unit output adjustment measure was implemented.The management node program forms numerical procedure by fault, judges whether not satisfy the fault of damping requirement according to the computing node return results.If controlled fault does not meet the demands again after merging control measure or new underdamping pattern occurred, then the epicycle control measure are returned step 2 as initial value and proceed to adjust.If all faults are all controlled or do not have a power-adjustable interval, then finish to calculate.