CN102005125A - Discharging method of vehicles passing intersection and related design method and control system - Google Patents
Discharging method of vehicles passing intersection and related design method and control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a discharging method of the vehicles passing an intersection and a related design method and control system. The discharging method comprises the following steps: at a cross intersection of which traffic signal is four-phased, the straight vehicle flow and left-turn vehicle flow in the same inlet direction are discharged under the same signal phase while the green light is turned on, then the red light is turned on; and the discharging operaton is performed at the other three inlets clockwise or anticlockwise in turn, and the right-turn vehicles are discharged according to the demand of the user. Meanwhile, the timing of the signal lights is designed correspondingly and the corresponding control system is provided. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, under the premise of maintaining the current traffic capacity of the intersection, the traffic signal cycle can be shortened, the utilization rate of the green light can be increased, the delay of the intersection can be reduced, the investment cost and energy consumption of the signal control facility can be reduced, the traffic safety of the intersection can be improved and the traffic management of the intersection can be more humanized. The traffic control system comprises the following combination modules: a traffic controller, a wireless network, interfaces and a display system at each intersection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the clearance method and the control system thereof of a kind of crossing in the traffic administration and control field in the traffic engineering.
Background technology
The traffic control of level-crossing and ladder of management have three kinds substantially: do not have control crossing traffic administration, preferentially control the traffic administration of crossing traffic administration and signalized crossing.Satisfy the crossing on the same level eloquence of function path, the adaptation magnitude of traffic flow and the requirement of traffic safety three aspects and can select signal controlling.
What usually, signalized crossing adopted is symmetrical expression clearance method.Such as, the signalized crossing of one four phase place is not considered the vehicle of turning right, and the situation of its signal phase is: the craspedodrome of two symmetry directions is respectively two phase places, and the left-hand rotation of two symmetry directions is respectively two phase places in addition.This clearance method has following shortcoming:
● the left-hand rotation dedicated Lanes must be set;
● when differing greatly, the flow of same phase place different directions can cause the wasting of resources;
● when the craspedodrome direction had right-of-way, static left turning vehicle can exert an influence to it, particularly in joint that highway section and crossing broadening are led the way;
● when the right-of-way of East and West direction vehicle finished, the driver of north-south vehicle green light signals not fully aware of was to give the left-hand rotation car earlier or give through vehicles earlier, had increased startup lost time;
● the traffic signals control device that needs is more, and energy consumption is bigger; The signal lamp of an import is wanted two at least, gives the protectiveness right-of-way of the direction of left-hand rotation and craspedodrome respectively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has proposed a kind of new clearance method and supporting traffic sign and marked and signal controlling equipment for the shortcoming of the signal clearance method that can overcome symmetrical expression.We are called wheel to this method and put formula clearance method.
The wheel that the present invention proposes is put formula crossing clearance method such as following table:
The size of left-hand rotation car and straightgoing vehicle flow should be looked in crossing inlet road under this clearance method, and straight left-lane is set.Signal lamp timing flow process is seen accompanying drawing 2.
A kind of above-mentioned motor vehicle is by the method for designing of the clearance method of crossing, and step comprises:
1) data acquisition: the desired parameters of acquired signal lamp timing;
2) volume of traffic converts: is the data reduction that collects the corresponding volume of traffic of signal lamp timing;
3) signal lamp timing;
4) assessment: choose the evaluation index of incuring loss through delay as reflection crossing geometry designs and signal timing dial quality, if meet the demands, then as the foundation of final signal timing, otherwise, then carry out timing again.
A kind of control system of using this clearance method comprises the display device at traffic controlling machine and each crossing; Described traffic controlling machine connects and controls each display device.Described display device comprises colored lights; Each crossing is provided with four colored lights at least, the current and wait of an imported vehicle of each colored lights control; The clearance method that described traffic controlling machine is controlled the colored lights correspondence at each crossing is the described method of claim 1.
Described display device comprises the polylith count-down board, every count-down board and corresponding colored lights correspondence, the current and wait of an imported vehicle of control; Described traffic controlling machine connects and each display device is passed through wireless communication.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
● when signal lamp was shown as green light, this was all current to automobile, and it is less to start lost time, the situation that does not exist static vehicle that moving vehicle is influenced.
● the straight left-lane of part is set, the evenly queue length of straightgoing vehicle and left-hand rotation car.
● the traffic signals control device that needs is fewer, and control program is fairly simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the motor-driven wagon flow traffic organization figure that has implemented after the clearance method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the design flow diagram of timing signal timing dial.
Fig. 3 is the composition module diagram of whistle control system.
Fig. 4 is embodiment crossing track division figure.
Embodiment
Motor vehicle is put formula clearance method and method for designing and control system by the wheel of crossing.
A kind of motor vehicle is by the clearance method of crossing, be the cross junction that is four phase places traffic signals: same importer to craspedodrome wagon flow and left turn traffic let pass at same signal phase, promptly give a green light simultaneously, send out a warning simultaneously then, other three imports are carried out successively according to clockwise or counterclockwise order, and the right-hand rotation vehicle is let pass according to the requirement of vehicle self.
The concrete steps of its method for designing are as follows:
1, traffic data collection
Each entrance driveway track division of survey target crossing, lane width, road longitudinal gradient situation.Measure stop line to the distance between conflict point.Select rush hour to crossing four imports carrying out branch flow direction, branch car type traffic flow investigation, obtain the peak hour flow data.Be points for investigation apart from 100 meters of stop line on the selected target crossing inlet road in addition, investigation is by the large car of this point and the peak hour traffic V of car
1And V
2, and investigation dolly in the continuous time section is followed the vehicle number Q under the dolly situation
1
2, the volume of traffic converts
At first, calculate the average headway that dolly in the traffic flow is followed dolly
The mean value of distance when secondly, calculating all vehicle headstocks in the traffic flow
The 3rd, the vehicle conversion factor of calculating large car
The 4th, the large car volume of traffic is scaled equivalent standard car volume of traffic V
e=V ∑ P
iE
i=(V
1+ V
2) [p * E
1+ (1-p) * 1], wherein: Q
1-dolly is followed the continuous hourly traffic volume of dolly ,/hour; q
bFlow rate under-100% standard car situation, q
b=1/H
Pp,/second; q
m-hybrid vehicle flow rate, q
m=1/H
m,/second; The number percent of medium-and-large-sized car is formed in the p-traffic,
V-is without the total wheel traffic that converts, V=V
1+ V
2
3, signal lamp timing
With reference to figure 2,
At first be to determine each design traffic volume that flows to of each entrance driveway.Design traffic volume can be used in the back.
Determine that the canalization scheme is determined by the size of the actual measurement all directions volume of traffic and the physical attribute of road, the result of canalization scheme is that the division of track, crossing is finished, and various separator bars, channelizing line are finished.
The signal phase scheme be exactly signal phase to adopt 2 phase places still be 4 phase places, be symmetrical expression or wheel put formula, this also is the physical attribute decision by the volume of traffic and crossing.The attribute that the technical program has been given tacit consent to the magnitude of traffic flow and crossing is fit to take the signal phase scheme of four phase places.
The design saturation volume in each track divides in the track that the back calculates by second of the third part of embodiment.
Design discharge compares by design traffic volume than last design saturation volume.
If each phase maximum flow is than sum less than 0.9 then again canalization track and definite signal phase scheme.
Green light interval time and each phase place maximum flow all are parts in the calculating optimum signal period formula than sum.
After drawing, cycle could calculate total effective green time successively, the effective green time of each phase, each phase split and demonstration green time.
Minimum Green Time generally is a requirement that must reach in order to satisfy pedestrian's street crossing, and this amount is relevant with attribute in the room of crossing.Needs do not increase cycle length if Minimum Green Time satisfies that the pedestrian requires, and recomputate effective green time, split then and show green time.
Specifically,
1) determines design traffic volume
Design traffic volume obtains divided by peak hour factor with peak hour traffic:
In the formula: q
Dmn---in the timing period, entrance driveway m flows to the design traffic volume of n;
Q
Mn---in the timing period, entrance driveway m flows to the peak hour traffic (pcu/h) of n;
(PHF)
Mn---in the timing period, entrance driveway m flows to the peak hour factor of n;
2) calculate saturation volume
Saturation volume obtains estimated value with the method that the average basic saturation volume of actual measurement multiply by each influence factor correction coefficient:
S
f＝S
bi×f(F
i)
In the formula: S
f---the estimation saturation volume (pcu/h) of entrance driveway;
S
Bi---the basic saturation volume of i bar entrance driveway (pcu/h), i are got T, L or R, and expression is corresponding respectively keeps straight on, turns left or turn right;
F (F
i)---all kinds of correction coefficient of all kinds of entrance driveway;
Basic saturation volume S when all kinds of entrance driveway respectively have its dedicated phase
Bi, can adopt table 1-1 numerical value:
The basic saturation volume (pcu/h) in all kinds of imports of table 1-1 track
Lane width is proofreaied and correct
In the formula: f
w---the lane width correction coefficient
W---lane width (m)
The gradient and cart are proofreaied and correct
f
g＝1-(G+HV)
In the formula: f
g---the gradient and cart correction coefficient
G---road longitudinal gradient
HV---cart rate
3) timing parameter calculates
The signal period duration
The signal total losses time
In the formula: L---the signal total losses time
L
s---start lost time
A---amber light duration
I---green light interval time
Green light space-number in k---the one-period
Green light interval time
In the formula: z---stop line is to the distance (m) of conflict point
u
a---the speed of operation (m/s) of vehicle on runway
t
s---the car brakeing time (s)
The throughput ratio sum
This clearance method adopts the straight left and right directions of same import to let pass simultaneously, under the situation of wagon flow of not considering to turn right, the maximum flow of a phase place than for this import craspedodrome and left-hand rotation directional flow bigger that.The throughput ratio sum be four import maximum flow ratios and.
In the formula: Y---all each maximum flow of signal phase compares sum
J---the throughput ratio of j phase place
q
d---the design traffic volume of craspedodrome or left-hand rotation direction
s
d---the design saturation volume of craspedodrome or left-hand rotation direction
Total effective green time
G
e＝C-L
Each phase place effective green time
Each phase place split
Each phase place shows green time
g
j＝g
ej-A
j+l
j
In the formula: l
j---the startup lost time of j phase place
4) calculate intersection capacity and saturation degree
The general expression formula of the traffic capacity
In the formula: CAP
i---the traffic capacity of i bar entrance driveway
S
i---the saturation volume of i bar entrance driveway
λ
i---the split of signal phase under the i bar entrance driveway
g
e---the efficient time of this signal phase
C---signal period duration
The Through Lane traffic capacity
CAP
T＝λS
T
The left-hand rotation dedicated Lanes traffic capacity
CAP
L＝λS
L
The calculating of saturation degree
The ratio of the actual arrival in each track volume of traffic and this lane capacity is promptly:
4, service level assessment
Choose the available following formula calculating of delay of incuring loss through delay as each track of evaluation index of reflection crossing geometry designs and signal timing dial quality
In the formula: d
i---the delay in the track of calculating;
C---cycle duration (s);
λ
i---the split in the track of calculating;
x
i---the saturation degree in the track of calculating;
The average letter control of each entrance driveway is incured loss through delay available following formula and is calculated
In the formula: d
A---(s/pcu) incured loss through delay in the average letter control of entrance driveway A;
q
iThe hourly traffic volume in i track is scaled the traffic flow rate of its peak 15min among----entrance driveway A;
The average letter control of crossing is incured loss through delay available following formula and is calculated:
In the formula: d---(pcu/h) incured loss through delay in the average letter control of crossing per car;
q
A---the peak 15min traffic flow rate (pcu/15min) of entrance driveway A.
5, the composition of traffic signal control system
Traffic signal control system disclosed by the invention comprises the display device at traffic controlling machine, wireless network and interface, each crossing.
Traffic controlling machine is arranged in the control box at a certain angle, crossing.Controller pre-sets colored lights concrete permission transit time or waiting time, and the traffic intersection situation that the common time period fixed time period control and the multi-period timing controlled in cycle in rush hour adapt to different time sections also can be set simultaneously.
Display device mainly comprises count-down board, colored lights and radio network interface.Each crossing is provided with 4 count-down boards and four colored lights at least.Current and the wait of an every count-down board and an imported vehicle of corresponding colored lights control.
Traffic controlling machine is sent to display device with control information by wireless network.
Embodiment:
The level-crossing of three dedicated Lanes is example (as an accompanying drawing 3) about all containing directly with each import, the motor vehicle flow after each import track process of crossing converts, saturation volume such as the following table behind all kinds of coefficient corrections of process:
1) green light I interval time
The travel speed of vehicle on entrance driveway is v
a=7.8m/s, the vehicle braked time is got t
s=2s, the distance from the stop line to the conflict point is z=20m, then green light interval time:
So get yellow time A=3s, complete red time r=2s
2) signal total losses time L
Start L lost time
s=3s, the green light space-number in the amber light duration A=3s, one-period is k=4.
Signal total losses time then:
3) respectively timing is carried out in symmetrical expression and the traffic flow that wheel is put under two kinds of clearance methods of formula, and calculated intersection delay with the Robert Webster formula.Reckoner is as follows:
4) effect assessment
It is inseparable calculating delay and estimating service level.Only having calculated delay could be that standard is assessed with the delay.The calculation procedure of incuring loss through delay provides in the 4th part service level assessment of embodiment.
The corresponding relation of service level and intersection delay such as following table:
| Service level | (s) incured loss through delay in average letter control | Service level | (s) incured loss through delay in average letter control |
| A | ≤10 | B | 11～20 |
| C | 21～35 | D | 36～55 |
| E | 56～80 | F | ＞80 |
The transportation industry regulation: newly-built, reconstruction crossing design service level should be got the B level, administers the crossing and gets the C level.
Specific in this example,
| The clearance method | Cycle length | Intersection capacity | The crossing mean delay |
| Wheel is put formula | 92 | 3128 | 30.2399 |
| Symmetrical expression | 124 | 3127 | 40.5998 |
As can be seen from the above table, take turns the crossing mean delay of putting under the formula clearance method and lack 34% than the mean delay under the symmetrical expression method.Use this clearance method, effect is very remarkable.
With reference to figure 3,
A kind of control system of using this clearance method comprises the display device at traffic controlling machine and each crossing; Described traffic controlling machine connects and controls each display device.Described display device comprises colored lights; Each crossing is provided with four colored lights at least, the current and wait of an imported vehicle of each colored lights control; The clearance method that described traffic controlling machine is controlled the colored lights correspondence at each crossing is the above-mentioned formula clearance method of putting of taking turns.
Described display device comprises the polylith count-down board, every count-down board and corresponding colored lights correspondence, the current and wait of an imported vehicle of control; Described traffic controlling machine connects and each display device is passed through wireless communication.
Claims (10)
1. a motor vehicle is by the clearance method of crossing, the cross junction that to it is characterized in that traffic signals be four phase places: same importer to craspedodrome wagon flow and left turn traffic let pass at same signal phase, promptly give a green light simultaneously, send out a warning simultaneously then, other three imports are carried out successively according to clockwise or counterclockwise order, and the right-hand rotation vehicle is let pass according to the requirement of vehicle self.
2. the described motor vehicle of claim 1 is by the method for designing of the clearance method of crossing, and its feature is that step comprises:
1) data acquisition: the desired parameters of acquired signal lamp timing;
2) volume of traffic converts: is the data reduction that collects the corresponding volume of traffic of signal lamp timing;
3) signal lamp timing;
4) assessment: choose the evaluation index of incuring loss through delay as reflection crossing geometry designs and signal timing dial quality, if meet the demands, then as the foundation of final signal timing, otherwise, then carry out timing again;
It is characterized in that in the described step 3) that the signal lamp timing of straight, the left-lane of the entrance driveway of crossing is the size setting of looking left-hand rotation car and straightgoing vehicle flow;
3.1) determine each design traffic volume that flows to of each entrance driveway;
3.2) with the clearance method of claim 1 scheme as signal phase, and then definite canalization scheme: by the size of surveying all directions volume of traffic and the physical attribute of road, divide and finish the track, crossing and finish various separator bars and channelizing line;
3.3) after the track is divided, determine throughput ratio, throughput ratio=design traffic volume/design saturation volume; If four phase maximum flows compare and less than 0.9, then canalization track and definite signal phase scheme again are until more than or equal to 0.9;
Calculate timing parameter, parameter comprises: signal period duration, signal total losses time, green light interval time, throughput ratio sum, total effective green time, each phase place effective green time, each phase place split and each phase place show green time;
3.4) determine intersection capacity and saturation degree.
3. according to the method for designing of the described motor vehicle of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the described step 1) by the clearance method of crossing,
Each entrance driveway track division of survey target crossing, lane width, road longitudinal gradient situation;
Measure stop line to the distance between conflict point;
Select rush hour to crossing four imports carrying out branch flow direction, branch car type traffic flow investigation, obtain the peak hour flow data;
Be points for investigation apart from 100 meters of stop line on the selected target crossing inlet road in addition, investigation is by the large car of this point and the peak hour traffic V of car
1And V
2, and investigation dolly in the continuous time section is followed the vehicle number Q under the dolly situation
1
4. according to the method for designing of the clearance method of the described motor vehicle of claim 2 by the crossing, it is characterized in that described step 2) comprise step:
2.1) dolly is followed the average headway of dolly in the traffic flow
2.2) mean value of distance during all vehicle headstocks in the traffic flow
2.3) vehicle conversion factor of large car
2.4) the large car volume of traffic is converted to equivalent standard car volume of traffic V
e=V ∑ P
iE
i=(V
1+ V
2) [p * E
1+ (1-p) * 1];
Wherein: Q
1---dolly is followed the continuous hourly traffic volume of dolly ,/hour; q
b---the flow rate under the 100% standard car situation; q
b=1/H
Pp,/second; q
m---the hybrid vehicle flow rate; q
m=1/H
m,/second; The number percent of medium-and-large-sized car is formed in p__---traffic,
V---without the total wheel traffic that converts, V=V
1+ V
2
5. put formula clearance method according to the described motor vehicle of claim 2 by the wheel of crossing, it is characterized in that in the described step 3),
3.1) determine design traffic volume:
In the formula: q
Dmn---in the timing period, entrance driveway m flows to the design traffic volume of n; Q
Mn---in the timing period, entrance driveway m flows to the peak hour traffic (pcu/h) of n; (PHF)
Mn---in the timing period, entrance driveway m flows to the peak hour factor of n;
3.3) calculate saturation volume, the method that multiply by each influence factor correction coefficient with the average basic saturation volume of actual measurement obtains estimated value: S
f=S
Bi* f (F
i)
In the formula: S
f---the estimation saturation volume (pcu/h) of entrance driveway; S
Bi---the basic saturation volume of i bar entrance driveway (pcu/h), i are got T, L or R, and expression is corresponding respectively keeps straight on, turns left or turn right; F (F
i)---all kinds of correction coefficient of all kinds of entrance driveway;
3.4) intersection capacity and saturation degree;
The traffic capacity:
In the formula: CAP
i---the traffic capacity of i bar entrance driveway; S
i---the saturation volume of i bar entrance driveway; λ
i---the split of signal phase under the i bar entrance driveway; g
e---the efficient time of this signal phase; C---signal period duration;
The Through Lane traffic capacity: CAP
T=λ S
TThe left-hand rotation dedicated Lanes traffic capacity: CAP
L=λ S
LThe calculating of saturation degree, the ratio of the actual arrival in each track volume of traffic and this lane capacity:
6. according to the method for designing of the described motor vehicle of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the described step 4) by the clearance method of crossing,
4.1) delay in each track:
In the formula: d
i---the delay in the track of calculating; C---cycle duration (s); λ
i---the split in the track of calculating; x
i---the saturation degree in the track of calculating;
4.2) the average letter control of each entrance driveway incurs loss through delay:
In the formula: d
A---(s/pcu) incured loss through delay in the average letter control of entrance driveway A; q
i---the hourly traffic volume in i track is scaled the traffic flow rate of its peak 15min among the entrance driveway A;
4.3) the average letter control of crossing incurs loss through delay:
In the formula: d---(pcu/h) incured loss through delay in the average letter control of crossing per car; q
A---the peak 15min traffic flow rate (pcu/15min) of entrance driveway A;
The corresponding relation of service level and intersection delay such as following table:
The transportation industry regulation: newly-built, reconstruction crossing design service level should be got the B level, administers the crossing and gets the C level.
7. according to the method for designing of the described motor vehicle of claim 2, it is characterized in that described step 3.3 by the clearance method of crossing) in,
The signal period duration:
The signal total losses time:
In the formula: L---the signal total losses time; L
s---start lost time; A---amber light duration; I---green light interval time; Green light space-number in k---the one-period;
Green light interval time:
In the formula: z---stop line is to the distance (m) of conflict point; u
a---the speed of operation (m/s) of vehicle on runway; t
s---the car brakeing time (s);
The throughput ratio sum:
In the formula: Y---all each maximum flow of signal phase compares sum; J---the throughput ratio of j phase place; q
d---the design traffic volume of craspedodrome or left-hand rotation direction; s
d---the design saturation volume of craspedodrome or left-hand rotation direction;
It is to adopt the straight left and right directions of same import to let pass simultaneously that the design's method obtains the clearance method, under the situation of wagon flow of not considering to turn right, the maximum flow of a phase place than for this import craspedodrome and left-hand rotation directional flow bigger that; The throughput ratio sum be four import maximum flow ratios and;
Total effective green time: G
e=C-L;
Each phase place effective green time:
Each phase place split:
Each phase place shows green time: g
j=g
Ej-A
j+ l
j, in the formula: l
j---the startup lost time of j phase place.
8. according to the method for designing of the clearance method of the described motor vehicle of claim 5 by the crossing, it is characterized in that described step 3.3) in the basic saturation volume S of all kinds of entrance driveway when its dedicated phase is respectively arranged
Bi, adopt table 1-1 numerical value:
The basic saturation volume (pcu/h) in all kinds of imports of table 1-1 track
Lane width is proofreaied and correct:
In the formula: f
w---the lane width correction coefficient; W---lane width (m);
The gradient and cart are proofreaied and correct: f
g=1-(G+HV),
In the formula: f
g---the gradient and cart correction coefficient; G---road longitudinal gradient; HV---cart rate.
9. a motor vehicle comprises the display device at traffic controlling machine and each crossing by the control system of crossing; Described traffic controlling machine connects and controls each display device, it is characterized in that described display device comprises colored lights; Each crossing is provided with four colored lights at least, the current and wait of an imported vehicle of each colored lights control; The clearance method that described traffic controlling machine is controlled the colored lights correspondence at each crossing is the described method of claim 1.
10. motor vehicle according to claim 9 is characterized in that by the control system of crossing described display device comprises the polylith count-down board, every count-down board and corresponding colored lights correspondence, the current and wait of an imported vehicle of control; Described traffic controlling machine connects and each display device is passed through wireless communication.
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