CN102003766B - Smoke protection system for stairwell - Google Patents
Smoke protection system for stairwell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102003766B CN102003766B CN 201010580513 CN201010580513A CN102003766B CN 102003766 B CN102003766 B CN 102003766B CN 201010580513 CN201010580513 CN 201010580513 CN 201010580513 A CN201010580513 A CN 201010580513A CN 102003766 B CN102003766 B CN 102003766B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smoke protection system for a stairwell. The smoke protection system for the stairwell comprises a first plenum chamber and a second plenum chamber which are symmetrically arranged in parallel and communicated with each other through an air duct; the air duct is connected with a fan; a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle are formed at the lower end of the first plenum chamber; a fourth nozzle, a fifth nozzle and a sixth nozzle are formed at the upper end of the second plenum chamber; and the first nozzle and the fourth nozzle are formed symmetrically in a horizontal direction, the second nozzle and the fifth nozzle are formed symmetrically in a horizontal direction, the third nozzle and the sixth nozzle are formed symmetrically in a horizontal direction, and all air-out orientations are converged at a point. Due to the special design of the smoke protection system for the stairwell, an air piston can shift in the horizontal direction, incoming smoke rolls up in an upper space of an action range of the smoke, and a lower space is clean, so that the smoke is prevented from spreading to the stairwell, meanwhile an escape space for people cannot be occupied, and the aim of creating the relatively clean escape space in an area covered by the smoke is fulfilled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fume-resisting system, relate in particular to a kind of smoke protection system for stairwell.
Background technology
After occuring, fire can produce a large amount of flue gases, and the main cause of death of high-temperature flue gas when being breaking out of fire.Because flue gas is higher than environment temperature, the relative air of its density will be little.The little smoke density of comparing with surrounding air can produce buoyancy, causes flue gas to move up.When flue gas moves upward when running into ceiling, because the flue gas of rear contact ceiling contacts the flue gas of ceiling before can pushing.This has just caused flue gas to move horizontally along ceiling.It studies show that moving horizontally of this flue gas is breakneck, because can take flue gas to each place in room.For high level or tier building, particularly market etc. the place of breaking out of fire.Flue gas can pass through the stairwell in market from bottom current to high level.And take stairwell, make personnel be difficult to by, thereby cause casualties, see Fig. 1.If can suppress flue gas to the diffusion of stairwell, and do not take people's escape space.This is when making things convenient for this layer personnel escape, and still making does not have flue gas in the stairwell, convenient floor personnel escape than the described story height of breaking out of fire.And stop flue gas to other floor diffusions, guarantee there personnel's safety.
Traditional stairwell Smoke prevention way is mounting block smoke screen wall on the close ceiling of staircase, but this method does not change the flow regime of flue gas, belongs to the passive type system.Still can be as the stairwell diffusion after flue gas did not have gear smoke screen wall.The effect that this system plays is limited.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of smoke protection system for stairwell, the unique design of this smoke protection system for stairwell can produce the air slide of horizontal direction and pass, and can make the upper space of incoming flow flue gas in its sphere of action roll up seat, and the lower space cleaning.Stop flue gas in the stairwell diffusion, not take personnel's escape space thereby finally reach, and creating the purpose in the escape interval of a relative clean in the zone that flue gas covers.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts such as following technical scheme and is achieved:
A kind of smoke protection system for stairwell comprises the first plenum chamber and the second plenum chamber, and described the first plenum chamber and the second plenum chamber symmetrical parallel arrange, and are connected by ventilation shaft between the two, and ventilation shaft links to each other with blower fan; Be provided with the first spout in the first plenum chamber lower end, the second spout and the 3rd spout are equipped with the 4th spout, the 5th spout and the 6th spout in the second plenum chamber upper end; Described the first spout, the second spout and the 3rd spout and the 4th spout, the 5th spout and the 6th spout along continuous straight runs are symmetrical arranged, and air-out separately is towards converging at a bit simultaneously.
Other technologies characteristics of the present invention are: described the first plenum chamber and the second plenum chamber difference concealed installation are on the ceiling and floor at stair-corridor place.
Symmetrically arranged spout number is three or more in the first plenum chamber lower end and the second plenum chamber upper end.
Described each spout and horizontal wind direction angle are 60 °～85 °; Wherein the spout size of the first spout, the second spout and the 3rd spout reduces successively, the spout size of the 4th spout, the 5th spout and the 6th spout reduces successively, and the big or small correspondence of the spout of the first plenum chamber lower end setting is greater than the size of the spout of the second plenum chamber upper end setting, and namely the spout size of the first spout spout big or small greater than the spout of the 4th spout, the second spout spout size big or small greater than the spout of the 5th spout, the 3rd spout is big or small greater than the spout of the 6th spout.
As seen from the above, the present invention is by the first spout, the second spout, the 3rd spout, the 4th spout, the inclination air-supply of the 5th spout and the 6th spout, realized the first spout and the 4th spout, the second spout and the 5th spout, the air-supply of the 4th spout and the 6th spout collides.Offset the vertical velocity component of air-supply, the stack horizontal velocity component.Thereby the air slide that forms horizontal direction is passed, and makes the upper space of incoming flow flue gas in its sphere of action roll up seat, guarantees the lower space cleaning, reduces the bottom contaminated time of air.Stoping flue gas in the stairwell diffusion, not take personnel's escape space thereby finally reach, and creating the purpose in the escape interval of a relative clean in the zone that flue gas covers, as shown in Figure 2.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that traditional flue gas spreads schematic diagram to staircase.Wherein Fig. 1 (a), Fig. 1 (b), Fig. 1 (c) and Fig. 1 (d) represent respectively fire occur rear 30 seconds, fire occur rear 90 seconds, fire occured rear 120 seconds and fire rear 240 seconds flue gases occur spreads the situation schematic diagram to staircase.
Fig. 2 is for installing flue gas flow direction figure behind the smoke protection system for stairwell of the present invention, wherein Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b), Fig. 2 (c) and Fig. 2 (d) represent respectively behind the installation smoke protection system for stairwell of the present invention fire occur rear 30 seconds, fire occur rear 90 seconds, fire occured rear 120 seconds and fire rear 240 seconds flue gases occur spreads the situation schematic diagram to staircase.
Fig. 3 smoke protection system for stairwell structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is smoke protection system for stairwell air supply direction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that the upper space flue gas that smoke protection system for stairwell air-supply of the present invention causes entrainments schematic diagram.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, smoke protection system for stairwell of the present invention comprises the first plenum chamber 1 and the second plenum chamber 5, the first plenum chambers 1 and the 5 symmetrical parallel settings of the second plenum chamber, is connected ventilation shaft between the two by ventilation shaft 9) link to each other with blower fan 10; Be provided with the first spout 2, the second spouts 3 and the 3rd spout 4 in the first plenum chamber 1 lower end, be equipped with the 4th spout 6, the five spouts 7 and the 6th spout 8 in the second plenum chamber 5 upper ends; Described the first spout 2, the second spouts 3 and the 3rd spout 4 and the 4th spout 6, the five spouts 7 and the 6th spout 8 along continuous straight runs are symmetrical arranged, and air-out separately is towards converging at a bit simultaneously.In order to ensure the air-out of each spout towards converging at a bit simultaneously, wherein the first spout 2 and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the second spout 3 and angle that horizontal direction is, and the second spout 3 and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the 3rd spout 4 and angle that horizontal direction is.The 4th spout 6 and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the 5th spout 7 and angle that horizontal direction is, and the 4th spout 6 and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the 6th spout 8 and angle that horizontal direction is.The first plenum chamber 1, the first spout, 2, the second spouts 3 and the 3rd spout 4 are vertical symmetry with the second plenum chamber 5, the four spouts, 6, the five spouts 7 and the 6th spout 8 respectively.
When fire occured, the outer clean air of blower fan suction chamber was sent into the first plenum chamber 1 and the second plenum chamber 5 by ventilation shaft.Behind plenum chamber, the dynamic pressure of the air in the ventilation shaft changes static pressure into, so that air is evenly by the first spout 2, the second spout 3, the three spouts, 4, the four spouts 6 and the 5th spout 7 and the 6th spouts 8.We know that the wind of any direction can resolve into the directions X that varies in size according to the vector principle, the stack of the wind of Y-direction and Z direction.As follows:
Wind speed WS1(x, y, z)=u1(x) i+v1 (y) j+w1 (z) k
Wind speed WS2(x, y, z)=u2(x) i+v2 (y) j+w2 (z) k
After wind speed WS1 and the WS2 stack be:
WS3（x,y,z）=[u1（x）+?u2（x）]i+[v1(y)+?v2(y)]j+[w1(z)+?w2(z)]k
When two differences are come the wind facies collision of flow path direction, if do not have the velocity component of Z direction.When the velocity magnitude of Y-direction equates, have:
WS3（x,y,z）=[u1（x）+?u2（x）]i+[v1(y)-?v2(y)]j+[0+?0]k
=2×u1（x）i
That is to say: understand only remaining horizontal wind speed after these two kinds of wind speed collisions, the wind speed of vertical direction can be offset.The present invention just utilizes this principle, and the first spout 2, the second spout 3, the three spouts, 4, the four spouts 6 and the 5th spout 7 and the 6th spout 8 are blown simultaneously, and its air outlet is towards giving a bit.Like this, the first spout and the 4th spout, the second spout and the 5th spout, the air-supply of the 4th spout and the 6th spout collides, and offsets the speed of vertical direction, only stays horizontal wind speed, thus section forms plug-flow under construction, as shown in Figure 4.Like this, just can stop that flue gas flows to stairwell, and so that flue gas is rolled up seat in the first half of channel space, thereby and the latter half in the space has reserved the clean zone of a slice and has made things convenient for the personnel escape.
Meanwhile, studies show that nozzle outlet air supply was better to the inhibition of flue gas when all spouts and horizontal wind direction angle were between 60 ° to 85 °, if angle is too small, then to depart from air supply position excessively far away for convergent point, after flue gas easily leaks out to brattice.If angle is excessive, then too small towards the wind speed of horizontal direction, equally easily cause the flue gas seepage.And when each spout and horizontal wind direction angle are between 60 ° to 85 °, can guarantee certain horizontal wind speed, can guarantee that again air supplying distance is unlikely long.Thereby play good air-supply effect.
Among the present invention, wherein the spout size of the first spout 2 is big or small greater than the spout of the 3rd spout 4 greater than the spout size of the second spout 3.The spout size of the 4th spout 6 is big or small greater than the spout of the 6th spout 8 greater than the spout size of the 5th spout 7.Design mainly is because the air quantity that ought deliver in the plenum chamber is certain like this, if the air quantity that row's spout is sent is large, the air quantity that another exhaust outlet is sent is just little.Under certain air quantity, how the air outlet size reasonably is set is determining that directly smoke protection system for stairwell is to the blocking effect of flue gas.Because the first spout 2 and the 4th spout 6 outermost sides, the flue gas that the wind that they are sent will be offset is maximum, the flue gas momentum of offsetting is larger, so the air port of itself the size just size than remaining several groups of spouts is larger, namely the spout size of the first spout 2 and the 4th spout 6 is respectively greater than the second spout 3 and the 5th spout 7.In like manner, the spout size of the second spout 3 and the 5th spout 7 is big or small greater than the spout of the 3rd spout 4 and the 6th spout 8 respectively.
Meanwhile, the air port size in upper dispatch air port is greater than the air port size in lower dispatch air port, and namely the spout size of the first spout 2 is greater than the spout size of the 4th spout 6.The spout of the second spout 3 is greater than the spout size of the 5th spout 7, and the spout size of the 3rd spout 4 is greater than the spout size of the 6th spout 8.This is because flue gas mainly is that the upper wall surface of carrying passage flows, and the flue gas momentum of the required counteracting of upside nozzle outlet air supply is larger greater than the blow flue gas momentum of required counteracting of lower floor air port, so the size of upside spout is greater than the size of lower floor's spout.
Because stairwell is passway for escaping, need remarkable.Therefore the first plenum chamber and the second plenum chamber respectively concealed installation on the ceiling at stair-corridor place and floor, do not affect passing through of personnel.
Specific embodiment:
Below provide specific embodiments of the invention, need to prove that the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment, all equivalents of doing on present techniques scheme basis all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Defer to technique scheme, the size of the first plenum chamber 1 and the second plenum chamber 5 is 3m * 1m * 1.5m as shown in Figure 3, and ventilation shaft 9 calibers are 0.3m * 0.3m.Blower fan 10 air outputs are 7.2m
3/ s.Be provided with the first spout 2, the second spouts 3 and the 3rd spout 4 in the first plenum chamber 1 lower end, be equipped with the 4th spout 6, the five spouts 7 and the 6th spout 8 in the second plenum chamber 5 upper ends.Wherein the first spout 2 sizes are 1.5m for 3m * 0.25m, air output
3/ s; The second spout 3 sizes are 1.2m for 3m * 0.20m, air output
3/ s; The 3rd spout 4 sizes are 0.9m for 3m * 0.15m, air output
3/ s; The 4th spout 6 sizes are 1.2m for 3m * 0.20m, air output
3/ s; The 5th spout 7 sizes are 0.9m for 3m * 0.15m, air output
3/ s; The 6th spout 8 sizes are 0.6m for 3m * 0.10m, air output
3/ s.The angle of above-mentioned spout and horizontal direction all is 75 °.All spouts are that plenum chamber all embeds concealed installation at ceiling and the subsurface of passage.
By such scheme, as shown in Figure 1, when fire occured in gallery, because flue-gas temperature is high, ambient air temperature was low.Flue gas be subjected to buoyancy effect can make progress (towards ceiling) operation.The 4th spout 6 among the present invention, the 5th spout 7 and the 6th spout 8 are blown obliquely, the first spout 2, the second spout 3 and the 3rd spout 4 carry out oblique lower air-supply, six strands of wind-force weave ins thus only have been left the velocity component of horizontal direction after the velocity component of each burst air-supply vertical direction balanced out.Like this, the meeting of six strands of wind-force forms one and closes wind-force, as shown in Figure 4.This strand closes wind-force and can cross with the Gas phase Smoke that rises, and forms respectively two vortexs in gallery the first half space and the latter half space.So that the flue gas in the first half space entrainments, and stop it to move towards stairwell, form a clean air bottom in space the latter half, as shown in Figure 2.Thereby stoped flue gas to move to stairwell, below the flue gas zone, produced again a clean space and made things convenient for the personnel escape.
Claims (2)
1. smoke protection system for stairwell, comprise the first plenum chamber (1) and the second plenum chamber (5), it is characterized in that: described the first plenum chamber (1) and the second plenum chamber (5) symmetrical parallel setting, be connected by ventilation shaft (9) between the two, ventilation shaft (9) links to each other with blower fan (10); Be provided with the first spout (2) in the first plenum chamber (1) lower end, the second spout (3) and the 3rd spout (4) are equipped with the 4th spout (6), the 5th spout (7) and the 6th spout (8) in the second plenum chamber (5) upper end; Described the first spout (2), the second spout (3) and the 3rd spout (4) and the 4th spout (6), the 5th spout (7) and the 6th spout (8) along continuous straight runs are symmetrical arranged, and air-out separately is towards converging at a bit simultaneously; Wherein the first spout (2) and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the second spout (3) and angle that horizontal direction is, and the second spout (3) and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the 3rd spout (4) and angle that horizontal direction is; The 4th spout (6) and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the 5th spout (7) and angle that horizontal direction is, and the 4th spout (6) and angle that horizontal direction is are greater than the 6th spout (8) and angle that horizontal direction is; The first plenum chamber (1), the first spout (2), the second spout (3) and the 3rd spout (4) respectively with the second plenum chamber (5), the 4th spout (6), the 5th spout (7) and the 6th spout (8) are vertical symmetry;
Described each spout and horizontal wind direction angle are 60 °～85 °; The first spout (2) wherein, the spout size of the second spout (3) and the 3rd spout (4) reduces successively, the 4th spout (6), the spout size of the 5th spout (7) and the 6th spout (8) reduces successively, and the size of the corresponding spout greater than arranging on the second plenum chamber (5) of size of the spout that the first plenum chamber (1) lower end arranges, namely the spout size of the first spout (2) is greater than the spout size of the 4th spout (6), the spout of the second spout (3) is greater than the spout size of the 5th spout (7), the spout size of the 3rd spout (4) is greater than the spout size of the 6th spout (8);
The first plenum chamber (1) and the second plenum chamber (5) embed respectively concealed installation on the ceiling and floor at stair-corridor place.
2. smoke protection system for stairwell as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: symmetrically arranged spout number is more than the two or four in the first plenum chamber (1) lower end and the second plenum chamber (5) upper end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010580513 CN102003766B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Smoke protection system for stairwell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010580513 CN102003766B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Smoke protection system for stairwell |
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| CN102003766A CN102003766A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| CN102003766B true CN102003766B (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010580513 Active CN102003766B (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2010-12-09 | Smoke protection system for stairwell |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102538119B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-10-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe evacuation system for airflow closed channel on side of building element |
| CN102538121B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-10-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe evacuation system for airflow closed channel in middle of L-shaped building element |
| CN102563796B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe escape system for closed airflow channel in middle of building member |
| CN102538120B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-10-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe escape system of enclosed airflow channel at L-shaped building member edge |
| CN103277135B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-04-15 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Tunnel fire escape system with breathing zone air supplying and lower portion air supplying combined |
| CN110207349B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-09 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Multi-jet-flow coupling area air supply outlet for personnel activity area |
| CN115183362B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-08-11 | 浙江曹娥通风设备有限公司 | Power-assisted escape device in fire-fighting channel |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2375905Y (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-04-26 | 郭金裕 | Forming die for integral air conditioner exhaust outlet structure |
| CN2376600Y (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-05-03 | 郭金裕 | Air conditioning structure for ventilator scoop |
| CN1508485A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 北京新安特玻璃钢设备有限公司 | Induced fan |
| CN1510355A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-07 | 深圳市丰河环境工程技术有限公司上海 | Environmental protection air-conditioner with air exchange |
| US20090188027A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-07-30 | Panasonic Corporation | Ventilating and air conditioning apparatus |
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2010
- 2010-12-09 CN CN 201010580513 patent/CN102003766B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2375905Y (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-04-26 | 郭金裕 | Forming die for integral air conditioner exhaust outlet structure |
| CN2376600Y (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-05-03 | 郭金裕 | Air conditioning structure for ventilator scoop |
| CN1508485A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-30 | 北京新安特玻璃钢设备有限公司 | Induced fan |
| CN1510355A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-07 | 深圳市丰河环境工程技术有限公司上海 | Environmental protection air-conditioner with air exchange |
| US20090188027A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-07-30 | Panasonic Corporation | Ventilating and air conditioning apparatus |
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| CN102003766A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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