CN101994652B - Universal horizontal-shaft wind generating unit - Google Patents

Universal horizontal-shaft wind generating unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101994652B
CN101994652B CN2009100132283A CN200910013228A CN101994652B CN 101994652 B CN101994652 B CN 101994652B CN 2009100132283 A CN2009100132283 A CN 2009100132283A CN 200910013228 A CN200910013228 A CN 200910013228A CN 101994652 B CN101994652 B CN 101994652B
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gas holder
wind
cabin
generator
wind wheel
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2009100132283A
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CN101994652A (en
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韩树君
韩洋
刘立权
路奔
王金伟
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

The invention relates to a universal horizontal-shaft wind generating unit. The front end and the rear end of a main shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with a hub and a gearbox, an output shaft of the gearbox is connected with an air compressor through a mechanical brake device and a coupler, a compression air outlet of the air compressor is connected with an air inlet of a front air storage tank at the bottom end of a tower frame through a gas pipe, the air outlet of the front air storage tank passes through a filter, a cooler and an oil-water separator and is connected with an inlet of a rear air storage tank, an outlet of the rear air storage tank is connected with an input of a pneumatic motor, an output shaft of the pneumatic motor is connected with an accelerator, an output shaft of the gas pipe is connected with a generator, and the output of the generator is directly connected with a power grid. The invention has low manufacture cost, saves a higher-price transducer, has stable generating frequency, can be directly connected with the power grid so as to achieve great economic benefits, market prospects and convenient market popularization.

Description

Flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is wind-driven generator, concrete is with market on wind-driven generator different, the one, changed the structure of existing wind power plant, reduced equipment cost; The 2nd, this equipment power generation stabilization can directly be incorporated national grid into.Adopt air compressor to drive motor, motor connects the flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group that generator generates electricity.
Background technique
The energy is that human society exists and the material base that develops.In past more than 200 year, the energy system that is based upon on the fossil fuel bases such as coal, oil, rock gas has greatly promoted development of human society.Yet people also more and more come to realize the serious consequence that extensive use fossil fuel is brought when material life and cultural life improve constantly, and resource is exhausted day by day, and environment constantly worsens.Therefore, the mankind must seek a kind of new, cleaning, safe and reliable sustainable energy system.At present, countries in the world are all in the focus development wind energy, and the emphasis of exploitation is to utilize wind-driven generator to convert wind energy to electric energy.Use wind-power electricity generation, can reduce the consumption of conventional energy resource, to the protection environment and the ecological balance, it is significant to improve energy resource structure.Simultaneously, wind energy is one of tool business potential, most active renewable energy sources, uses cleaning, and cost is lower, takes endless.It is big that wind-power electricity generation has the electric motor power growth space, and cost descends fast, and safety, the energy such as never exhaust at advantage.So there is very big economic benefit in the market of wind-driven generator.
Though the development of wind generating technology is relatively ripe, wherein also exists a lot of problems, as: price is higher; Big-and-middle-sized wind-driven generator prevailing price is higher; Payoff period is long, and the wind-driven generator price of a 100kw can reach about 1,300,000, and payoff period is generally in 15 years.The electric current that sends is unstable, and power supply frequency needs frequency conversion, and general first rectification another mistake becomes 50HZ and exchanges.When adopting the Stall Type blower fan, impact too big to electrical network.Adopt now to become the oar blower fan, the impact minimizing to electrical network still has certain impact.The waveform of wind-powered electricity generation is not the sine function waveform of standard, and this ability to bear to electrical network is a test.
To the above problem of mentioning, the wind-power electricity generation industry does not also have a kind of good implementation methods at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to wind-driven generator price on the present domestic and international market generally higherly, the interconnection technology route is complicated, invest bigger problem and a kind of novel current stabilization is provided, invests less flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technological scheme of taking is:
Flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group comprises cabin, wind wheel organization, rotating mechanism and control mechanism; Be provided with pylon below the said cabin, cabin and pylon are rotationally connected through floating bearing; Said wind wheel organization comprises three wind wheel blades and wheel hub, and three wind wheel blades are in 120 °, and an end of three wind wheel blades is rotationally connected through variable propeller pitch device and wheel hub, and wind wheel organization is installed in the front portion in cabin: its structural feature is:
Said rotating mechanism comprises main shaft, gear-box, speed increaser, at least one air compressor, pneumatic motor, generator; Wheel hub is fixedly connected with the front end of main shaft, and the rear end of main shaft is fixedly connected with the input shaft of gear-box, and main shaft is fixed on the cabin through bearing support; The output shaft of gear-box is connected with mechanical braking device; The back of mechanical braking device is connected with an end of coupling; The other end of coupling is fixedly connected with the rotatingshaft of at least one air compressor; The compressed air outlet of air compressor is fixedly connected through the suction port of the preceding gas holder that pneumatic tube and ground are provided with, and pneumatic tube places the inside of pylon, and the air outlet of preceding gas holder is connected through the inlet of pipeline with the back gas holder; Back gas holder outlet is fixedly connected through seamless steel pipe with the inlet opening of pneumatic motor; The output shaft of pneumatic motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of speed increaser, and the output shaft of speed increaser is fixedly connected the input shaft of generator, and the output terminal of generator directly is connected to the grid through lead.
Said speed regulating mechanism is made up of gear-box and speed changer, and gear-box and speed changer are commercially available component end item, and the speed increasing ratio of gear-box is 1: 20.Main shaft directly links to each other with gear-box, and gear-box is fixed on the cabin with powerful rubber seal, and speed increaser is installed between pneumatic motor and the generator.
Said control mechanism comprises cabin inner control part and Ground Control part; The cabin inner control partly comprises anemoscope and flow direction vane, variable propeller pitch device, yaw device and mechanical braking device; The top in cabin is provided with anemoscope and flow direction vane; Anemoscope is connected with the input port of secondary computer through lead with the output terminal of flow direction vane; The output port of secondary computer is corresponding respectively to be connected with the control port of yaw device, variable propeller pitch device and mechanical braking device, secondary computer be positioned at the rear portion, cabin above; Wind-force and wind direction situation according to are at that time given secondary computer (like Fig. 2) information transmission, and secondary computer compiles processing with signal, and yaw device, variable propeller pitch device and mechanical braking device are controlled.The communication interface of secondary computer is connected through the communication interface of optical fiber with the host computer of Ground Control part;
Above-mentioned Ground Control partly comprises host computer, preceding gas holder and back gas holder; Host computer is monitored all running statees of whole unit in the switch cubicle of Ground Control chamber.
Output terminal and one-way valve, preceding safety valve, the safety switch of the preceding pressure transducer of gas holder and be installed in afterwards that the safety valve of gas holder and the control port of stop valve are connected through the corresponding port with host computer of lead before being installed in reach reliably exchange message apace through optical fiber between host computer and secondary computer.
Above-mentioned yaw device is commercially available component end item, and yaw device is installed in the top of the back in the cabin.Be provided with anemoscope and flow direction vane above the nacelle rear, in order to detecting wind direction and wind speed, the output terminal through the lead wind vane is connected with the input end of secondary computer.
Above-mentioned variable propeller pitch device and mechanical braking device are commercially available component end item.
Above-mentioned pylon bottom is provided with lower flange, is connected by pre-buried bolt in lower flange and the foundation, and foundation is the reinforced concrete independent foundation of pouring into a mould.Tower top is provided with upper flange plate, and upper flange plate and yaw axis are forwarded and be dynamically connected.
Above-mentioned one-way valve is installed in the joint of pneumatic tube and preceding gas holder.
Be respectively equipped with filter, cooler, oil and water seperator on the pipeline between above-mentioned former and later two gas holder.
Working principle of the present invention:
Wind-driven generator generally is used in the wind field of appointment and works, and the wind energy in the wind field is abundant, and wind direction is stable.The wind wheel blade that is connected on the wheel hub has aerodynamic profile, under the effect of wind-force, produces rotation, drives the wheel hub rotation simultaneously.Wheel hub connects through flange and links to each other with main shaft, and main shaft and then rotates, and carries out speedup through gear-box.Bring up to rotating speed the rotating speed of setting.In order to reduce the vibration of gear-box, gear-box is installed in powerful rubber seal and is fixed on the base plate of cabin, and the high tenacity rubber seal plays the effect of noise reduction and the impact of damping peak duty value, under the extreme loads situation, can make gear-box and bearing exempt from damage.The velocity ratio of whole gear-box is 1: 20.After the gear-box speedup, the rotating speed of output shaft can reach 1500r/min.Output shaft is used bearing fixing, is connected on the base plate of cabin, connects mechanical braking device; Mechanical braking device often is used with variable propeller pitch device, regulates the slurry distance earlier, reduces wind speed round; Carry out mechanical brake again, can reduce brake load like this, reduce impact gear-box.
Along with the rotation of wind wheel blade, air compressor is delivered to the pressurized air that produces in the ground preceding gas holder through pneumatic tube.Carry out condensation subsequently, condensed air drives pneumatic motor as power source and rotates.Pneumatic motor drives generator and rotates, and generates electricity.The power frequency of output is stable, can directly incorporate national grid into.
Cost of the present invention is lower, and generating efficiency is stable, and is easy to utilize.
Characteristics of the present invention:
1, economic benefit is huge: whole generating unit cost is lower, and the 100kw wind-driven generator on the market is many with the permanent magnet generator unit now.Permanent-magnetic wind driven generator adopts permanent-magnet material, and cost is very high, and the permanent-magnetic wind driven generator group price from net 100kw can reach about 1,300,000 yuan.Adopt design of the present invention partly to replace by gear-box, air compressor, pneumatic motor, generator etc., so just practiced thrift cost greatly, very big economic benefit and market prospects are arranged, be convenient to the popularization in market without permanent magnet generator.Its effect of market for China is particularly outstanding.
2, social benefit is huge: help local economic construction, increase local rates, increase local personnel's employment.Use air compressor, facilities such as pneumatic motor, these equipment can be realized whole production domesticization, market are provided for domestic medium-sized and small enterprises.Help spurring domestic demand, promote the domestic economy development.
3, networking current stabilization: generate electricity because the present invention adopts pressurized air to drive pneumatic motor connection generator, make its generating frequency stabilization, generating can directly network.Air supply in the back gas holder is stable, and this just makes that the stability and the continuity of generating have had certain guarantee.The stored air in certain amount of gas holder can be supplied with continuously simultaneously, so just can not cause the waste of electricity.
4, improve the Security of complete equipment, wind-driven generator in the past all is that the electric current that generator sends is transmitted through lead, and lead is easy to cause the corrosion of material for a long time in rugged environment, and the phenomenon of electric leakage takes place.And the present invention gets off the compressed air delivery that air compressor produces through pneumatic tube, has improved the Security of complete equipment.
5, the present invention adopts pressurized air drive pneumatic motor to generate electricity, and the stable generator revolution that just makes of pressurized air confession amount is stable, current stabilization, and at present domestic still do not have this technical application in wind-driven generator.
Design science of the present invention, reasonable, original utilizes air compressor and pneumatic motor to drive generator, replaced wind powered generator system general on the market, and it is high effectively to have solved the wind-driven generator cost, the unsettled characteristics of electric current.Be equiped with relevant safe regulating device, suitable various wind directions, reliable and stable, practical, have development prospect preferably.The present invention is applicable to that power department uses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is mechanical braking device of the present invention, yaw device and variable propeller pitch device control block diagram.
Fig. 3 is safety valve of the present invention, safety switch and stop valve control block diagram.
Embodiment
Flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group comprises cabin, wind wheel organization, rotating mechanism and control mechanism.
Said wind wheel organization comprises three wind wheel blades 1 and wheel hub 31; Wind wheel blade 1 links to each other with wheel hub 31 apart from device 2 through becoming slurry, and wind wheel blade 1 can be done circumference around wheel hub 31 through the effect of variable propeller pitch device 2 and rotate under wind, to find the best angle of attack.Under the storm wind state, variable propeller pitch device 2 becomes slurry, makes wind wheel blade 1 vertically to wind simultaneously, and it is minimum that wind-exposuring area reaches.The rotation of wheel hub 31 passes to subordinate's rotating mechanism.
Rotating mechanism comprises main shaft 3, gear-box 5, air compressor 10, pneumatic motor 25, generator 28.Main shaft 3 is fixed on the cabin through bearing support 4, and wheel hub 31 is fixedly connected with main shaft 3, thereby gives subordinate's gear-box 5 with the transmission of torque that wheel hub 31 rotates, and the powerful rubber seal 35 of gear-box 5 usefulness is fixed on 32 base plates of cabin.Gear-box 5 is commercially available component end item, and velocity ratio is 1: 20.The output shaft at a high speed that has through after gear-box 5 speedups connects mechanical braking device 6, connects coupling 7 in the back of rigid mechanical braking device 6.Two groups of identical belt wheel group of structure of the connection of coupling 7 rear ends.
Said belt wheel group comprises belt bull wheel 36 and belt steamboat 37; Belt bull wheel 36 and belt steamboat 37 are connected through belt, and belt bull wheel 36 is a speed increasing mechanism with belt steamboat 37, and promptly belt bull wheel 36 is connected with coupling 7 rear ends, and belt steamboat 37 is connected with air compressor 10 shafts.
The air compressor 10 of present embodiment is made up of two piston type air compressor parallel operation, is fixed on 32 base plates of cabin, and two groups of identical belt wheel group of structure drive two air compressors 10 respectively.The pressurized air that the air compressor 10 that two identical pneumatic tubes 13 are formed two parallel operation produces be transferred to respectively ground before in the gas holder 18, for avoiding causing material corrosion, pneumatic tube 13 places the inside of pylon.Be respectively arranged with two identical one-way valves 14 at two pneumatic tubes 13 with the joint of preceding gas holder 18, regulate compressed-air actuated one-way transmission.Safety valve 15, preceding pressure transducer 16, safety switch 17 etc. before on preceding gas holder 18, being provided with simultaneously, the reserves of gas holder 18 compressed airs before being used to control.Preceding gas holder 18 is connected with back gas holder 23 through pipeline, between former and later two gas holder 18 and 23, is provided with filter 19, cooler 20 and oil and water seperator 21.After pressurized air in 20 pairs of gas storage pressure jars of cooler 18 cools off, directly get into again and carry out oil-water separation in the oil and water seperator 21, to obtain high-quality pressurized air.Back gas holder 23 is provided with back safety valve 22 and stop valve 24 equally.
High-quality pressurized air provides power by the suction port of back gas holder 23 through seamless steel pipe connection pneumatic motor 25, and the output shaft of pneumatic motor 25 connects speed increaser 27 speedups.The rotor that the output shaft of speed increaser 27 connects generator 28 generates electricity.Because the tolerance in the preceding gas holder 18 is stable,, can directly be connected to the grid 29 so the power frequency of generator 28 outputs is stable.
Said control mechanism comprises cabin inner control part and Ground Control part; The cabin inner control partly comprises anemoscope and flow direction vane 8, variable propeller pitch device 2, yaw device 11 and mechanical braking device 6; Whole cabin 32 is seated in the top of pylon 30, and cabin 32 is rotationally connected through floating bearing 12 with pylon 30; The top in cabin 32 is provided with anemoscope and flow direction vane 8; Anemoscope is connected through the input end of lead with secondary computer 9 respectively with the output terminal of flow direction vane 8, and the output terminal of secondary computer 9 is connected with yaw device 11, variable propeller pitch device 2 and the control end of mechanical braking device 6 respectively through lead.Give the secondary computer 9 (like Fig. 2) of rear part upper surface in the cabin 32 information transmission according at that time wind-force and wind direction situation, secondary computer 9 compiles processing with signal, and yaw device 11, variable propeller pitch device 2 and mechanical braking device 6 are controlled.The communication interface of secondary computer 9 is connected through the communication interface of optical fiber with the host computer of Ground Control part; Can read all service datas of wind wheel blade from host computer.In case in service going wrong, host computer chance automatically reporting event, the data in the host computer also back up preservation, so that check which type of mistake have taken place.
The one-way valve 14 of gas holder 18, preceding safety valve 15, preceding pressure transducer 16, safety switch 17, back gas holder 23, safety valve 22 and stop valve 24 before above-mentioned Ground Control partly comprises; One-way valve 14, preceding safety valve 15, preceding pressure transducer 16, the safety switch 17 of gas holder 18 and the safety valve 22 and input, the output port of stop valve 24 that are installed in back gas holder 23 are connected with host computer 26 input interfaces through lead before being installed in; Information is compiled by host computer 26 and is handled; The all running statees of host computer 26 monitoring complete machines, host computer 26 is in the switch cubicle of Ground Control chamber.9 of host computer 26 and secondary computers reach reliably exchange message apace through optical fiber.Wind-driven generator is realized remote monitoring fully, can read all wind wheel data from host computer 26.
Air compressor 10 continues to give preceding gas holder 18 air feed through pneumatic tube 13; Pressure in jar can show on preceding pressure transducer 16, when pressure reaches setting value, needs to discharge some gases; At this moment controller just is transferred to stop valve 24 to signal, the decompression of exitting.The working condition of back gas holder 23 and preceding gas holder 18 are basic identical.Different is; Back gas holder 23 drives pneumatic motors 25 and rotates, and when the pressure in 23 jars of the back gas holder is higher than setting value, can control signal be transferred to stop valve 24 through host computer 26, and stop valve 24 is opened; Release a part of gas, guarantee the air pressure in the back gas holder 23.After reaching certain pressure, the pressure transducer of back gas holder 23 can pass to host computer 26 to signal again, and host computer 26 sends signal and gives stop valve 24, and stop valve 24 is closed.
Above-mentioned pylon 30 adopts the tubular pylon, and material is Q235.The bottom of pylon 30 connects foundation 34, is linked to each other with bolt in the ground by lower flange.The top of pylon 30 is connected to driftage bearing 12 by upper flange plate 33, to carry the weight of cabin 32 and wind wheel blade 1 and wheel hub 31.The major function of pylon is to support the mechanical part of wind-power electricity generation; The active force and the wind that bear wind wheel act on the power (moment of flexure, thrust reach the torsion to pylon) on the pylon; Pylon also must have enough fatigue strength; Can bear the oscillating load that wind wheel causes, the periodicity influence that comprises starting and shut down, prominent wind variation, tower shadow effect etc.
The basis 34 is the casting reinforced concrete isolated footing, adopts known bulk " recessed " shape structure according to wind energy turbine set site engineering geological condition and foundation bearing capacity and given tensile load, its structural type of size.

Claims (3)

1. flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group comprises cabin (32), wind wheel organization, rotating mechanism and control mechanism; Be provided with pylon (30) below the said cabin (32), cabin (32) are rotationally connected through floating bearing with pylon (30); Said wind wheel organization comprises three wind wheel blades (1) and wheel hub (31), and three wind wheel blades (1) are in 120 °, and an end of three wind wheel blades (1) is rotationally connected through variable propeller pitch device (2) and wheel hub (31), and wind wheel organization is installed in the front portion of cabin (32); It is characterized in that:
Said rotating mechanism comprises main shaft (3), gear-box (5), at least one air compressor (10), pneumatic motor (25), generator (28); Main shaft (3) is fixed on the cabin (32) through bearing support (4), and the forward and backward two ends of main shaft are fixedly connected with the input shaft of wheel hub (31) with gear-box (5) respectively; The output shaft of gear-box (5) is connected with mechanical braking device (6), and the back of mechanical braking device (6) is connected with an end of coupling (7); The other end of coupling (7) is fixedly connected with at least one air compressor (10) rotatingshaft; The compressed air outlet of air compressor (10) is fixedly connected through the suction port of the preceding gas holder (18) that is provided with on pneumatic tube (13) and the ground, and pneumatic tube (13) places the inside of pylon; The air outlet of preceding gas holder (18) is connected with back gas holder (23) through pipeline; The air outlet of back gas holder (23) is connected through the inlet opening of seamless steel pipe with pneumatic motor (25); The output shaft of pneumatic motor (25) is fixedly connected with the input shaft of speed increaser (27); The output shaft of speed increaser (27) connects the input shaft of generator (28), and the output terminal of generator (28) is through lead directly be connected to the grid (29);
Said control mechanism comprises cabin inner control part and Ground Control part; Cabin inner control part comprises anemoscope and flow direction vane (8), variable propeller pitch device (2), yaw device (11) and mechanical braking device (6); The top in cabin (32) is provided with anemoscope and flow direction vane (8); Be connected the control end of yaw device (11), variable propeller pitch device (2) and mechanical braking device (6) and corresponding connection of output interface of secondary computer (9) with secondary computer (9) with flow direction vane (8) through the lead anemoscope; The communication interface of secondary computer (9) is connected through the communication interface of optical fiber with the host computer (26) of Ground Control part;
Above-mentioned Ground Control part comprises preceding gas holder (18), back gas holder (23) and host computer (26); Be installed in preceding gas holder (18) preceding pressure transducer (16) output terminal and one-way valve (14), preceding safety valve (15), safety switch (17) and be installed in the safety valve (22) of back gas holder (23) and the control port of stop valve (24) is connected with the corresponding port of host computer (26) through lead.
2. flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned one-way valve (14) is installed in the joint of pneumatic tube (13) and preceding gas holder (18).
3. flexible horizontal axis wind-driven generator group according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be respectively equipped with filter (19), aftercooler (20) and oil and water seperator (21) on the pipeline before above-mentioned between gas holder (18) and the back gas holder (23).
CN2009100132283A 2009-08-18 2009-08-18 Universal horizontal-shaft wind generating unit Expired - Fee Related CN101994652B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102297099B (en) * 2011-08-01 2013-05-08 南京航空航天大学 Wind power generator capable of automatically cooling by adopting air circulation system and cooling method for wind power generator
CN103061982B (en) * 2011-10-19 2014-11-26 韩树君 Wind-powered water-pumping irrigation system
CN103216390B (en) * 2012-01-19 2016-02-17 周登荣 The energy-storage type electricity generating device in Feng Ta power station
CN103216473B (en) * 2012-01-21 2016-03-30 周登荣 For the starting drive of turbine turbofan power generation system
CN102748237A (en) * 2012-07-22 2012-10-24 河北工业大学 Pneumatic wind power generating equipment
CN103075307A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-05-01 王晨光 Wind compressed air energy storage device

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