CN101992582B - Cooperative machining method for large sandwich component - Google Patents
Cooperative machining method for large sandwich component Download PDFInfo
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- CN101992582B CN101992582B CN2010102595761A CN201010259576A CN101992582B CN 101992582 B CN101992582 B CN 101992582B CN 2010102595761 A CN2010102595761 A CN 2010102595761A CN 201010259576 A CN201010259576 A CN 201010259576A CN 101992582 B CN101992582 B CN 101992582B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cooperative machining method for a large sandwich component. The method comprises the following steps of: performing scanning measurement on an actual cooperative curved surface of a face plate skin by utilizing a handheld self-positioning three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain data point clouds of the actual cooperative curved surface of the face plate skin; removing impurity points and noise points from the point clouds, optimizing point cloud number, and performing wrapping operation on the data point clouds to generate a polygonal curved surface; performing operation such as repairing, correcting and the like on the polygonal curved surface, and establishing a grid and a curved surface by detecting curvature and an outline so as to obtain an actual cooperative curved surface computer aided design (CAD) model of the face plate skin; performing numerical control programming on the actual cooperative curved surface CAD model by utilizing CAD/computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software to generate a numerical control machining program of the surface of a sandwich; respectively machining upper and lower surfaces of the sandwich at a numerical control machining center; and bonding and curing the machined sandwich and upper and lower face plate skins. The cooperative machining method realizes the scanning measurement, data processing and numerical control machining of the large sandwich component and has low investment cost, high machining precision and high universality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process technology of large-scale sandwich structure piece, particularly a kind of large-scale sandwich component cooperates processing method.
Background technology
Large-scale sandwich component light weight, strength and stiffness are high, sound-absorbing, thermal insulation is widely used in space flight and aviation, industry such as communications and transportation.The upper and lower panel covering that interlayer that large-scale sandwich component is processed by composite usually and aluminium alloy are processed through cooperate, bonding curing forms.For guaranteeing the high-quality of the bonding curing of large-scale sandwich component; Therefore the single unsticking area that is panel covering and composite material interlayer surface is less than designing requirement, requires the bonding curing front panel covering and the normal direction fit clearance on composite material interlayer surface should be less than designing given tolerance.Have only the upper and lower surface of composite material interlayer in full accord with shape, the size of upper and lower panel covering inner surface respectively, its bond area is adhered to specification.
Because the panel covering is processed with thin aluminium alloy plate; And bigger welding deformation is arranged when thin aluminium alloy plate flexible distortion in manufacture process, welding, thereby cause the true form of panel covering inner surface bigger error to be arranged with respect to the theoretical profile of panel covering.Employing is carried out digital control processing by the theoretical profile of panel covering, can't guarantee the requirement of the normal direction fit clearance on bonding curing front panel covering and composite material interlayer surface less than the given tolerance of design, therefore must adopt to cooperate processing method.
Present cooperation processing method is that to adopt with the large-scale vertical lathe be that the special-purpose large-scale pairing profile digitlization manufacturing system of lathe main frame is matched processing.There is following shortcoming in this method:
1, require to manufacture special-purpose lathe main frame, control system and data processing software, system's manufacturing cycle is long, and input cost is high;
2, adopt simulation gauge head automatic tracking and scanning to measure panel covering inner surface, measuring speed is slow, and the time is long, and gathering counts lacks, and the gauge head sensing finger pressure makes skin-surface produce distortion, and the wearing and tearing of fingertip bulb, influences certainty of measurement;
3, image data is the coordinate point set at gauge head center, is the equidistant surface of skin-surface, needs special-purpose data processing software to carry out equidistance computing, error analysis calculation, matched molds upset, process data generation;
4, the non-standard G code of process data can't move processing on other lathe; Systemic-function is special-purpose, and versatility is poor.
Summary of the invention
Be to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the present invention will design that a kind of cost is low, certainty of measurement is high, the large-scale sandwich component of highly versatile cooperates processing method.
To achieve these goals; Technical scheme of the present invention is following: a kind of large-scale sandwich component cooperates processing method; Described large-scale sandwich component comprises top panel covering, lower panel covering and interlayer; Described interlayer is connected with the lower panel covering with the top panel covering respectively through bonding way, and it specifically cooperates processing method, may further comprise the steps:
The matching surface of A, scanning survey panel covering: utilize the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner of hand-held that the actual cooperation curved surface of top panel covering, lower panel covering is carried out scanning survey and data acquisition, obtain the point cloud data of the actual cooperation of top panel covering and lower panel covering curved surface;
B, set up the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of panel covering: utilize data processing software to remove assorted point, noise point in the point cloud data, optimized point cloud quantity; And point cloud data wrapped operation, generate the polygon curved surface; Redundance, adjustment polygon quantity, level and smooth, detection and correct operation are repaired, removed to the polygon curved surface; Through detecting curvature and profile, make up patch, grid, curved surface, obtain the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering and lower panel covering;
C, interlayer numerical control programming: utilize CAD/CAM software that the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering and lower panel covering is carried out numerical control programming, generate the nc program of interlayer matching surface;
D, sandwiching surface digital control processing: according to the nc program of interlayer matching surface, in Milling Machining Center, the upper and lower matching surface of processing interlayer;
The bonding curing of E, sandwich component: with the interlayer that processes by the position of correspondence respectively with top panel covering and the bonding curing of lower panel covering.
Top panel covering of the present invention and lower panel covering are the aluminium alloy panel covering, and described interlayer is a composite material interlayer.
The concrete grammar of the matching surface of scanning survey panel covering of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A1, workpiece install: when measuring the actual curved surface of panel covering matching surface, top panel covering, lower panel covering are distinguished location and installation on frock clamp;
A2, scanning are prepared: on panel covering matching surface, paste identification point, and measure zero point with center identification point mark panel covering;
A3, scanning survey:, obtain panel covering matching surface point cloud data with the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner manual scanning of hand-held whole front panel covering matching surface.
Interlayer numerical control programming of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
C1, the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering and lower panel covering is imported CAD/CAM software;
C2, cooperate the curved surface cad model to be divided into some machining areas reality according to size, the curvature of curved surface situation of change of interlayer;
C3, respectively each machining area is carried out numerical control programming, generate each regional procedure.
The digital control processing of sandwiching surface of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
D1, interlayer moulding: according to the theoretical model of the cooperation curved surface of top panel covering, lower panel covering, interlayer is made in the piecemeal moulding on the moulding frock, and piecemeal quantity is identical with the machining area quantity that step C2 divides, and reservation allowance;
D2, the processing of interlayer matching surface: every interlayer is positioned respectively on the machining tool fixture, and the nc program of the corresponding region of C3 generation carries out matching surface processing on Milling Machining Center set by step.
The bonding curing of sandwich component of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
E1, the interlayer of piecemeal is bonded on the lower panel covering by correspondence position;
E2, with top panel covering and the bonding curing of interlayer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because the present invention has adopted scanning survey, data, the digital control processing of large-scale sandwich component integrated; Working (machining) efficiency is high, precision is high; Before can realizing bonding curing, the fit clearance of panel covering and sandwiching surface is less than the given tolerance of design, after the bonding curing; The unsticking area of panel covering and sandwiching surface is less than designing requirement, thereby satisfied the needs of producing.
2, because the present invention adopts the whole skin-surface of the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner manual scanning of hand-held, and with the simulation gauge head automatic tracking method ratio of prior art, measuring speed is fast, and image data point cloud is intensive, and skin-surface does not have distortion, certainty of measurement is high.The present invention has deleted assorted point and the noise point that exists in the scanning element cloud, has guaranteed the precision of surface reconstruction.
3, scanning survey process of the present invention is used general Milling Machining Center without any need for machine tool in the process, do not need special purpose machine tool, thereby input cost is low.
4, number of scans of the present invention strong point cloud can directly utilize business software and its secondary development is handled, and sets up the Skinning Surfaces cad model, and can analyze the error of comparison skin-surface and theoretical curved surface, makes crudy for covering and improves Technical Reference is provided.
5, utilize CAD/CAM software, carry out automated programming according to upper and lower panel Skinning Surfaces cad model, generate the standard nc program on composite material interlayer surface, versatility is good, can process in the standard Milling Machining Center.
Description of drawings
3 in the total accompanying drawing of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is large-scale sandwich component sketch map.
Fig. 2 is a top panel covering scanning survey sketch map.
Fig. 3 is a lower panel covering scanning survey sketch map.
Among the figure: 1, top panel covering, 2, the lower panel covering, 3, composite material interlayer, 4, the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner of hand-held, 5, identification point.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.Shown in Fig. 1-3; A kind of large-scale sandwich component cooperates processing method; Described large-scale sandwich component comprises top panel covering 1, lower panel covering 2 and interlayer 3; Described interlayer 3 is connected with lower panel covering 2 with top panel covering 1 respectively through bonding way, and it specifically cooperates processing method, may further comprise the steps:
The matching surface of A, scanning survey panel covering: utilize the actual cooperation curved surface of 4 pairs of top panel coverings 1 of the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner of hand-held, lower panel covering 2 to carry out scanning survey and data acquisition, obtain top panel covering 1 and the lower panel covering 2 actual point cloud datas that cooperate curved surface;
B, set up the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of panel covering: utilize data processing software to remove assorted point, noise point in the point cloud data, optimized point cloud quantity; And point cloud data wrapped operation, generate the polygon curved surface; Redundance, adjustment polygon quantity, level and smooth, detection and correct operation are repaired, removed to the polygon curved surface; Through detecting curvature and profile, make up patch, grid, curved surface, obtain the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering 1 and lower panel covering 2;
C, interlayer 3 numerical control programmings: utilize CAD/CAM software that the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering 1 and lower panel covering 2 is carried out numerical control programming, generate the nc program of interlayer 3 matching surfaces;
D, interlayer 3 surperficial digital control processings: according to the nc program of interlayer 3 matching surfaces, in Milling Machining Center, the upper and lower matching surface of processing interlayer 3;
The bonding curing of E, sandwich component: with the interlayer that processes by the position of correspondence respectively with top panel covering 1 and the 2 bonding curing of lower panel covering.
Top panel covering 1 of the present invention is the aluminium alloy panel covering with lower panel covering 2, and described interlayer 3 is composite material interlayers.
The concrete grammar of the matching surface of scanning survey panel covering of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A1, workpiece install: when measuring the actual curved surface of panel covering matching surface, top panel covering 1, lower panel covering 2 are distinguished location and installation on frock clamp;
A2, scanning are prepared: on panel covering matching surface, paste identification point 5, and measure zero point with center identification point mark panel covering;
A3, scanning survey:, obtain panel covering matching surface point cloud data with the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner 4 manual scanning whole front panel covering matching surfaces of hand-held.
Interlayer 3 numerical control programmings of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
C1, the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering 1 and lower panel covering 2 is imported CAD/CAM software;
C2, cooperate the curved surface cad model to be divided into some machining areas reality according to size, the curvature of curved surface situation of change of interlayer 3;
C3, respectively each machining area is carried out numerical control programming, generate each regional procedure.
The digital control processing on interlayer of the present invention 3 surfaces may further comprise the steps:
D1, interlayer 3 moulding: according to the theoretical model of the cooperation curved surface of top panel covering 1, lower panel covering 2, interlayer 3 is made in the piecemeal moulding on the moulding frock, and piecemeal quantity is identical with the machining area quantity that step C2 divides, and reservation allowance;
D2, the processing of interlayer 3 matching surfaces: every interlayer 3 is positioned respectively on the machining tool fixture, and the nc program of the corresponding region of C3 generation carries out matching surface processing on Milling Machining Center set by step.
The bonding curing of sandwich component of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
E1, the interlayer 3 of piecemeal is bonded on the lower panel covering 2 by correspondence position;
E2, with top panel covering 1 and interlayer 3 bonding curing.
Claims (6)
1. one kind large-scale sandwich component cooperates processing method; Described large-scale sandwich component comprises top panel covering (1), lower panel covering (2) and interlayer (3); Described interlayer (3) is connected with lower panel covering (2) with top panel covering (1) respectively through bonding way; The concrete processing method that cooperates may further comprise the steps:
The matching surface of A, scanning survey panel covering: utilize the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner of hand-held (4) that the actual cooperation curved surface of top panel covering (1), lower panel covering (2) is carried out scanning survey and data acquisition, obtain the actual point cloud data that cooperates curved surface of top panel covering (1) and lower panel covering (2);
It is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of:
B, set up the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of panel covering: utilize data processing software to remove assorted point, noise point in the point cloud data, optimized point cloud quantity; And point cloud data wrapped operation, generate the polygon curved surface; Redundance, adjustment polygon quantity, level and smooth, detection and correct operation are repaired, removed to the polygon curved surface; Through detecting curvature and profile, make up patch, grid, curved surface, obtain the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering (1) and lower panel covering (2);
C, interlayer (3) numerical control programming: utilize CAD/CAM software that the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering (1) and lower panel covering (2) is carried out numerical control programming, generate the nc program of interlayer (3) matching surface;
D, the surperficial digital control processing of interlayer (3): according to the nc program of interlayer (3) matching surface, in Milling Machining Center, the upper and lower matching surface of processing interlayer (3);
The bonding curing of E, sandwich component: with the interlayer that processes by the position of correspondence respectively with top panel covering (1) and the bonding curing of lower panel covering (2).
2. a kind of large-scale sandwich component according to claim 1 cooperates processing method, and it is characterized in that: described top panel covering (1) and lower panel covering (2) are the aluminium alloy panel covering, and described interlayer (3) is a composite material interlayer.
3. a kind of large-scale sandwich component according to claim 1 cooperates processing method, and it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of the matching surface of described scanning survey panel covering may further comprise the steps:
A1, workpiece install: when measuring the actual curved surface of panel covering matching surface, top panel covering (1), lower panel covering (2) are distinguished location and installation on frock clamp;
A2, scanning are prepared: on panel covering matching surface, paste identification point (5), and measure zero point with center identification point mark panel covering;
A3, scanning survey:, obtain panel covering matching surface point cloud data with the self-align three-dimensional laser scanner of hand-held (4) manual scanning whole front panel covering matching surface.
4. a kind of large-scale sandwich component according to claim 1 cooperates processing method, and it is characterized in that: described interlayer (3) numerical control programming may further comprise the steps:
C1, the actual cooperation curved surface cad model of top panel covering (1) and lower panel covering (2) is imported CAD/CAM software;
C2, cooperate the curved surface cad model to be divided into some machining areas reality according to size, the curvature of curved surface situation of change of interlayer (3);
C3, respectively each machining area is carried out numerical control programming, generate each regional procedure.
5. a kind of large-scale sandwich component according to claim 4 cooperates processing method, it is characterized in that: the digital control processing on described interlayer (3) surface may further comprise the steps:
D1, interlayer (3) moulding: according to the theoretical model of the cooperation curved surface of top panel covering (1), lower panel covering (2); Interlayer (3) is made in the piecemeal moulding on the moulding frock; Piecemeal quantity is identical with the machining area quantity that step C2 divides, and reserves allowance;
D2, the processing of interlayer (3) matching surface: every interlayer (3) is positioned respectively on the machining tool fixture, and the nc program of the corresponding region of C3 generation carries out matching surface processing on Milling Machining Center set by step.
6. a kind of large-scale sandwich component according to claim 5 cooperates processing method, and it is characterized in that: the bonding curing of described sandwich component may further comprise the steps:
E1, the interlayer (3) of piecemeal is bonded on the lower panel covering (2) by correspondence position;
E2, with top panel covering (1) and the bonding curing of interlayer (3).
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CN103995496A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Aircraft part high-precision matching component processing method based on digital measurement |
CN106739043B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2023-05-26 | 零八一电子集团四川天源机械有限公司 | PMI foam sandwich aircraft radome and manufacturing method thereof |
CN107391808A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-24 | 精英模具(珠海)有限公司 | The design method and system and non-oil spout region fixture of non-oil spout region fixture |
CN107999967B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-05-31 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of large-scale three dimensional piece surface parallel laser lithography method and apparatus |
CN110688709B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-03-15 | 西北工业大学 | Workpiece point cloud model-based skin process model correction method |
CN110887634B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-04-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 | Non-metal wind tunnel test model wing and design and manufacture method of interlayer entity thereof |
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CN101215182A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-09 | 西安航天复合材料研究所 | Device and method for preparing carbon/carbon composite material with gradient distribution density |
CN101227029A (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2008-07-23 | 吴豪 | Composite material satellite antenna reflection surface and manufacturing process thereof |
CN101513931A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2009-08-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Deformable aerofoil |
CN101612713A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-30 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of pairing processing method of large-sized and irregular revolving molding surface member |
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CN101215182A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-07-09 | 西安航天复合材料研究所 | Device and method for preparing carbon/carbon composite material with gradient distribution density |
CN101227029A (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2008-07-23 | 吴豪 | Composite material satellite antenna reflection surface and manufacturing process thereof |
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CN101612713A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2009-12-30 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of pairing processing method of large-sized and irregular revolving molding surface member |
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