Background technology
Cerebrovascular is to cause one of human three kinds of dead principal diseases, is only second to heart disease and cancer, is divided into acute and chronic two kinds, and acute cerebrovascular disease is called apoplexy, apoplexy or cerebrovascular accident clinically.Chronic brain infringement and vascular dementia that the chronic brain angiopathy is meant cerebral arteriosclerosis and causes.Acute cerebrovascular disease can be divided into two big classes again: a class is a hemorrhagic apoplexy, comprises cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage; Another kind of is ischemic cerebrovascular (being cerebral infarction), comprises cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack (TIA) etc.
The annual morbidity of apoplexy is average out to 1,40/,100,000-2,00/,100,000 population worldwide, and the Asians is higher than the westerner, and is wherein higher with some countries of the East European countries and the former Soviet Union especially, comes first square formation.China's apoplexy mortality rate is between 80,/10 ten thousand-1,40/,100,000.Prevalence rate of stroke is higher in China urbanite, average out to 7,00/,100,000 populations.The rural area is because medical condition is poor, and ill back survival period is shorter relatively, but the prevalence in rural area is low than the city, on average 3,00/,100,000-4,00/,100,000.Calculate that according to above Epidemiological study result China's annual kainogenesis cerebral apoplexy patient number is more than 1,500,000; The number of dying from apoplexy every year surpasses 1,200,000; Post-stroke the survive patient that gets off nearly 5,000,000-6,000,000, wherein 3/4 sequela that leaves in various degree take place.This disease brings painful and heavy financial burden not only for patient and family members, also brings enormous economic loss to country.
Cerebral infarction is meant hemiplegia and the disturbance of consciousness that causes cerebral infarction, cerebral arteries to stop up on the basis of cerebral thrombosis or cerebral thrombosis and cause.Except that this basic pattern of syndrome of syndrome of blood stasis, all the other main pattern of syndrome are: blood stasis due to qi deficiency, stagnation of phlegm blood stasis, yang hyperactivity wind-transformation, expectorant thermal resistance network etc.According to clinical observation, old stroke patient is seen with blood stagnancy due to deficiency of QI more.The hemorheological many index of blood stagnancy due to deficiency of QI type is apparently higher than other pattern of syndrome, and this is because old people's visceral-qi void declines, insufficiency of vital energy and blood, and the venation inanition, the resistance of QI and blood numbness, the easier hypercoagulability that is in of blood, thus caused the generation of cerebrovascular.
Modern medicine, reduces blood viscosity and hemocyte and gathers with dilute blood the intravenous drip of the available low molecule dextrorotation candy acid anhydride of the treatment of cerebral infarction, and increasing blood flow speed helps microcirculation and uses vasodilation medicine and anticoagulant therapy; But the action target spot of western medical treatment method is limited, can not bring into play the effect of wholistic therapy." the capable then blood of gas is capable " then is particular about in Chinese traditional treatment, and " stagnation of QI is blood stasis then ", the deficiency of vital energy is can not handsome blood capable, and then hematogenous blockage and the stasis of blood stagnates is treated apoplexy with tonifying QI and activating blood circulation to eliminate blood stasis ruling by law, establishes at " blood stasis due to qi deficiency " pathogenesis just.Modern times more and more have the Chinese medicine preparation that improves the blood circulation effect is favored, and helps numerous clinicians to improve the cure rate of apoplexy.But most medicines are not directly to design at ischemia apoplexy, and its curative effect to ischemia apoplexy is also imprecise, still can not satisfy the clinical treatment needs.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of pharmaceutical composition of new treatment cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, this pharmaceutical composition can activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, again can replenishing qi and promoting blood flow, QI and blood is ruled together, more there is simultaneously short medicine to see through effects such as blood brain barrier, " priming is up ", can effectively treats diseases such as ischemia apoplexy.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, it is mainly made by following weight parts proportion raw material medicine:
At least a in Radix Ginseng (root and rhizome of Araliaceae Radix Ginseng), Folium Ginseng (leaf of Radix Ginseng), the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng (stem of Radix Ginseng and leaf): 1-10 part,
Herba Erigerontis: 2-35 part,
Borneolum Syntheticum: 0.02-0.8 part.
The weight portion proportioning of above-mentioned each crude drug can be preferably:
At least a in Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng: 2-8 part,
Herba Erigerontis: 5-30 part,
Borneolum Syntheticum: 0.05-0.5 part.
The weight portion proportioning of above-mentioned each crude drug can be more preferably:
At least a in Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng: 3-7 part,
Herba Erigerontis: 10-25 part,
Borneolum Syntheticum: 0.08-0.4 part.
The weight portion proportioning of above-mentioned each crude drug can be more preferably:
At least a in Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng: 4-6 part,
Herba Erigerontis: 15-22 part,
Borneolum Syntheticum: 0.2-0.3 part.
Said medicine can be any existing pharmaceutical dosage form in injection, drop pill, tablet, capsule, the granule.Wherein: injection comprises transfusion, powder pin, little pin; Tablet comprises conventional tablet, slow releasing tablet, dispersible tablet, effervescent tablet, oral cavity disintegration tablet etc.; Capsule comprises hard capsule and soft capsule.
The present invention treats the pharmaceutical composition of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, can prepare (but being not limited to following method) by the method that comprises following key step:
(1) extract Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng:
Get Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng medical material of described proportioning, with ethanol or water extraction, collect extracting solution and concentrated, in the extracting solution after concentrating, thin up staticly settles, and filters, and gets supernatant concentration and becomes rare extractum; Above-mentioned rare extractum is crossed macroporous adsorptive resins, and the low-concentration ethanol eluting of first water or 1-20% is removed the impurity that is dissolved in polar solvent, and the eluent of this water or low-concentration ethanol is discarded need not; The high concentration ethanol eluting of reuse 40-95% is collected this high concentration ethanol eluent, and the eluent drying with behind the recovery ethanol promptly gets Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, extract of Radix Ginseng stem and leaf;
(2) extract Herba Erigerontis:
Get the Herba Erigerontis medical material of described proportioning, with ethanol extraction or aqueous alkali percolation, collect extracting solution or percolate, alcohol extract is reclaimed ethanol to the medicinal liquid or the percolate that do not have after alcohol is distinguished the flavor of pass through macroporous adsorptive resins or polyamide resin column, the low-concentration ethanol eluting of elder generation's water or 1-20%, remove the impurity that is dissolved in polar solvent, the eluent of this water or low-concentration ethanol is discarded need not; The high concentration ethanol eluting of reuse 40-95% is collected this high concentration ethanol eluent, and the eluent drying with behind the recovery ethanol promptly gets Herba Erigerontis extract;
(3) make preparation:
Get Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, extract of Radix Ginseng stem and leaf that above-mentioned steps (1) obtains, and the Herba Erigerontis extract that obtains of step (2), mix (in case of necessity with the Borneolum Syntheticum of described proportioning, also can be according to the needs of preparation different dosage form medicine, add the corresponding medicinal adjuvant), make acceptable various pharmaceutical dosage form, get final product.
The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease that medicine of the present invention is treated mainly comprises cerebral thrombosis, cerebral ischemia, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia, heart failure, arrhythmia, nerve injury, senile dementia, parkinsonism etc.
In the prescription of pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, Folium Ginseng or Radix Ginseng or the effect of Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng tool QI invigorating, the people of the suitable deficiency of vital energy; The Herba Erigerontis acrid in the mouth is warm in nature, promoting blood circulation to remove obstruction in the collateral; Two medicines share, and realize the merit of inrigorating qi and promoting blood circulation collateral dredging, make the QI and blood colleague, and the pathogenesis of " blood stasis due to qi deficiency " just hits; Borneolum Syntheticum is bitter and be slightly cold, fragrance is walked to scurry, inducing resuscitation, record in the amplification on Canon of Materia Medica " a little less than the gesture of walking alone then; assistant makes then meritorious ", and the effect of " leading group medicine " " priming is up " is arranged has assistant concurrently, makes, the priming effect, modern medicine study confirms that Borneolum Syntheticum more has short medicine to see through the effect of blood brain barrier.Folium Ginseng, Herba Erigerontis are aided with Borneolum Syntheticum, be able to the up head of the rate property of medicine, make medicine enter head, play benefiting QI for activating blood circulation altogether, the merit of consciousness-restoring and orifice-opening, we's refining formula, medication three flavor has only reached QI invigorating, has invigorated blood circulation, the effect of collateral dredging, refreshment, and mutual reinforcement between is for using, realized the QI and blood bilateral, the effect for the treatment of both the principal and secondary aspects of a disease.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
At least a by in Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng of this pharmaceutical composition, make with crude drug such as Herba Erigerontis and Borneolum Syntheticums, can activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, again can replenishing qi and promoting blood flow, QI and blood is ruled together, more there is simultaneously short medicine to see through effects such as blood brain barrier, " priming is up ", curative effect is significantly improved.Prove that through pharmacodynamics test it is evident in efficacy.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiment.
But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1-10
According to proportioning raw materials and the dosage form of listed each embodiment in the following table 1, the pharmaceutical composition 1-10 of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is treated in preparation respectively.
Raw material weight proportioning and the dosage form of each embodiment of table 1
Aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions 1-10 all adopts the method preparation that comprises following key step:
(1) extract Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng:
Get Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, the Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng medical material of described proportioning, with ethanol or water extraction, collect extracting solution and concentrated, in the extracting solution after concentrating, thin up staticly settles, and filters, and gets supernatant concentration and becomes rare extractum; Above-mentioned rare extractum is crossed macroporous adsorptive resins, and earlier respectively water, 10% and 20% low-concentration ethanol eluting are removed the impurity that is dissolved in polar solvent, and the eluent of this water and low-concentration ethanol is discarded need not; The high concentration ethanol eluting of reuse 40-95% is collected this high concentration ethanol eluent, and the eluent drying with behind the recovery ethanol promptly gets Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, extract of Radix Ginseng stem and leaf;
(2) extract Herba Erigerontis:
Get the Herba Erigerontis medical material of described proportioning, with ethanol extraction or aqueous alkali percolation, collect extracting solution or percolate, alcohol extract is reclaimed ethanol to the medicinal liquid or the percolate that do not have after alcohol is distinguished the flavor of pass through macroporous adsorptive resins or polyamide resin column, earlier respectively water, 10% and 20% low-concentration ethanol eluting, remove the impurity that is dissolved in polar solvent, the eluent of this water and low-concentration ethanol is discarded need not; The high concentration ethanol eluting of reuse 40-95% is collected this high concentration ethanol eluent, and the eluent drying with behind the recovery ethanol promptly gets Herba Erigerontis extract;
(3) make preparation:
Get Radix Ginseng, Folium Ginseng, extract of Radix Ginseng stem and leaf that above-mentioned steps (1) obtains, and the Herba Erigerontis extract that obtains of step (2), mix with the Borneolum Syntheticum of described proportioning, add an amount of adjuvant again, make various required pharmaceutical dosage forms, get final product.
For confirming the curative effect and the advantage thereof of pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, the inventor is an investigational agent with the pharmaceutical composition of the foregoing description 1-10, and having carried out following pharmacodynamics test is proved:
One, rat " rabbit brain powder-macromolecule glucosan " is caused the pharmacodynamics test of the therapeutical effect of cerebral infarction
1, principle: because cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease all can cause hemorheological change, so can design medicine causes the therapeutical effect of cerebral infarction to rat " rabbit brain powder-macromolecule glucosan " pharmacodynamics test, investigate the change of hemorheological property behind the cerebral infarction to measure whole blood viscosity under the different shear rates, investigate erythrocyte deformability with erythrocyte albumen ringer solution viscosity, thereby investigate the therapeutical effect of medicine cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
2, material:
Animal: rat, body weight 250-350g, male and female are regardless of.Equipment: cone and plate viscometer, centrifuge, scale centrifuge tube, eye scissors, ophthalmology tweezer and operating theater instruments commonly used, 0 trumpeter's art silk thread, vascular clamp etc.
3, medicine and reagent:
Trial drug 1-10 (being respectively according to material rate among the foregoing description 1-10 and extracting method, is that raw material extracts the medicine that does not contain adjuvant that makes with Folium Ginseng, Herba Erigerontis, Borneolum Syntheticum);
Trial drug 11-12 (being respectively according to material rate among the foregoing description 4-5 and extracting method, is that raw material extracts the medicine that does not contain adjuvant that makes with Radix Ginseng, Herba Erigerontis, Borneolum Syntheticum);
Trial drug 13-14 (being respectively according to material rate among the foregoing description 4-5 and extracting method, is that raw material extracts the medicine that does not contain adjuvant that makes with Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng, Herba Erigerontis, Borneolum Syntheticum);
5 parts of control drug 1:(Stem and leaf of Radix Ginseng, 20 parts of Herba Erigerontiss make with same method extraction);
5 parts of control drug 2:(Radix Ginsengs, 20 parts of Herba Erigerontiss make with same method extraction);
5 parts of control drug 3:(Folium Ginseng, 20 parts of Herba Erigerontiss make with same method extraction);
With the positive medicine contrast of commercially available Breviscapini injection;
Rabbit brain powder (rabbit brain powder thromboplastin powder).Get the rabbit brain powder between the sub-sieve 120-150 order, granule is 100-120 μ m.
Macromolecule glucosan: molecular weight 5,000,000.
The preparation of suppository: the 25mg rabbit brain powder is mixed in 10% macromolecule dextran solution 100ml, place 37 ℃ of water-baths 40 minutes.Then, it is standby to be put in-18 ℃ of refrigerators.
Quick medical ZT glue.
BSA, ringer solution.
Heparin sodium: press 20u/ml blood dosage and add test tube, 40 ℃ of following dry for standby.
4, test method:
The rat etherization, it is fixing to lie on the back, skin cropping sterilization, cervical region cuts, and neck always beats one's brains on the left of separating, neck is interior, external carotid artery.Folder closes external carotid artery, common carotid artery proximal part respectively.Press from both sides a vascular clamp again at the distal end place.After suppository shaken up, lunge common carotid artery by 0.03ml/100g rat dosage, open the distal end vascular clamp, suppository is injected with the 0.25ml syringe.Then, folder closes the common carotid artery distal end, extracts syringe needle, closes pin hole with medical adhesive dressing.Decontrol the vascular clamp of common carotid artery distal end, proximal part, external carotid artery after 1 minute successively, recover blood flow, cleaning wound, skin suture.
Medicine to cerebral infarction after the hemorheology influence of different time: rat is divided into 2 hours groups, 3 days groups, organized in 9 days, every group is further divided into administration group (1~14 group of trial drug, 1~3 group of control drug), normal saline group (normal saline matched group), sham operated rats (blank group), every group of 12 rats.Administration group, normal saline group all impose operation technique as stated above, and the sham operated rats operation technique is identical, but not injected plug agent with the physiologic saline for substitute suppository, is injected in internal carotid artery.
The administration group is in preceding 3 days oral corresponding medicine 1.42g/Kg of operation.Positive drug is in preceding 1 hour intraperitoneal injection of drugs 1.0mg/Kg of operation.The normal saline group is injected commensurability normal saline.Sham operated rats is not injected any medicine.Every morning administration 1 time after 3 days groups and the 9 days groups, for three days on end or 9 days.
2 hours after surgery, the 3rd day, the 9th day respectively, with rat anesthesia (25% urethane 0.3ml/100g body weight, lumbar injection), the right common carotid artery blood-letting was measured whole blood viscosity under the different shear rates with cone and plate viscometer in 2 hours in the heparin test tube.Again that whole blood is centrifugal with 1500rpm, inhale and remove upper plasma.Use 0.25% bovine serum albumin-ringer solution rinsing erythrocyte then three times, centrifugal 10 minutes of each 1500rpm.At last, in vitro be mixed with erythrocyte at scale: albumen is appointed the erythrocyte albumen ringer solution of liquid=6: 4, measures its viscosity at 20 seconds-1 under the shear rate.With erythrocyte albumen ringer solution viscosity as erythrocyte deformability.All experiments are all carried out under 25 ℃ of constant temperature, and experimental result is carried out statistical test.Concrete numerical value and the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.
By table 2 result of the test as can be known, block back 2 hours after, whole blood viscosity is respectively organized equal no significant difference.When blocking 3 days, the normal saline group is compared with sham operated rats, whole blood viscosity rising (P<0.05), animal model modeling success is described, each administration group all can reduce whole blood viscosity to some extent, and wherein with trial drug effect best (P<0.01), the control drug effect is taken second place.When blocking after 9 days, the normal saline group is an abnormality still with sham operated rats ratio, hemorheology, and whole blood viscosity further increases the weight of.Each administration group and normal saline group ratio, whole blood viscosity descends, and statistical procedures has the significance meaning, and wherein with trial drug effect best (P<0.01), the control drug effect is taken second place.
By table 3 result of the test as can be known, block back 2 hours after, normal saline group and administration group erythrocyte deformability descend, each administration group is lower slightly than normal saline group numerical value, but effect is very unobvious.When blocking 3 days, the normal saline group is compared with sham operated rats, and erythrocyte deformability further descends, and all can stop erythrocyte deformability to descend trial drug effect best (P<0.01) in each administration group to a certain extent.When blocking after 9 days, normal saline group and sham operated rats ratio, erythrocyte deformability further descends.The decline of erythrocyte deformability all can be improved and stop to each administration group and normal saline group ratio, and statistical procedures has significance meaning (P<0.01), wherein can strengthen erythrocyte deformability with trial drug.
In sum, perform the operation after 2 hours, rat is existing hemorheological unusual.Blocked 3-9 days, hemorheology unusually further increases the weight of, and shows as whole blood viscosity and raises degradation under the erythrocyte deformability.Trial drug (being medicine of the present invention) can play and improve blood flow Denaturation behind the cerebral infarction, after the 3rd day, then can correct unusual hemorheology significantly and change; And effect also is better than commercially available Breviscapini injection significantly better than control drug.
Two, to senile rat in the thrombotic influence of body
1, principle:
With unidirectional current continued stimulus common carotid artery 7 minutes, cause the tunica intima damage, activate platelet and blood coagulation system, vascular endothelial cell injury makes PGI simultaneously
2Synthetic and discharge and reduce, cause and form mixed thrombus in the carotid artery vascular gradually.When carotid artery vascular endogenous cause of ill thrombosis and during plug flow, blood vessel far-end temperature bust then.With temperature sensor monitors blood vessel surface variations in temperature, to report to the police automatically by instrument, record begins to temperature bust required time from stimulation, claims duration of congestion OT, i.e. thrombus formation time.Time is short more, represents easy more formation thrombosis; Otherwise the time is long more, represents difficult more formation thrombosis.
Senile rat can form blood stasis body constitution naturally, easily forms thrombus in vivo.Young rat then is difficult for forming thrombosis.So the test in the positive contrast of senile rat, with the negative contrast of young rat.
2, material:
Male rat.Young group Mus 3-4 in the age month is about body weight 250g.Old group Mus 24-27 in the age month is about body weight 500g.
Equipment: rat operating-table, operating scissors, ophthalmology tweezer, mosquito forceps, mosquito clamp, rat oral gavage syringe needle, experimental thrombus in vivo form analyzer.
Medicine and reagent: trial drug and control drug are with test one, and dosage is 1.42g/Kg; 20mg/ml pentobarbital sodium solution; Normal saline.
3, method:
Experimental group is only organized rat oral gavage 2ml/ to old every day, 2ml/ of the young rat oral gavage distilled water of positive controls senile rat and negative control group, continuous 14 days.Drug withdrawal fasting on the same day.Lumbar injection 20mg/ml pentobarbital sodium 0.2ml/100g next day (body weight).Cut skin of neck, separate right carotid artery, transfer stimulating electrode at the carotid artery near-end, far-end is transferred the temperature gauge head that connects instrument.Open instrument switch, give 1.5mV galvanic stimulation 7 minutes with damage carotid artery endotheliocyte by stimulating electrode, along with carotid canal intracavity thrombosis forms gradually, blood flow is blocked gradually, and the temperature of carotid artery far-end descends gradually.When blood flow is blocked fully, the temperature bust, instrument is reported to the police, and shows duration of congestion OT, and the OT time is short more, easy more formation thrombosis; The OT time is long more, difficult more formation thrombosis.
Experimental result is carried out statistical test.Concrete numerical value and the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: to senile rat in the thrombotic influence of body
By table 4 result of the test as can be known, the obviously more young rat of senile rat OT is short, illustrates easily to form thrombosis.But the administration group is significant prolongation OT all, and control drug and trial drug all produce effect, but with trial drug effect better (P<0.01).
Above result shows that pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is effective than control drug in the thrombotic inhibitory action of body to senile rat.