CN101986531B - Alternating-current pole-changing three-speed three-phase induction motor - Google Patents

Alternating-current pole-changing three-speed three-phase induction motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101986531B
CN101986531B CN2010105418504A CN201010541850A CN101986531B CN 101986531 B CN101986531 B CN 101986531B CN 2010105418504 A CN2010105418504 A CN 2010105418504A CN 201010541850 A CN201010541850 A CN 201010541850A CN 101986531 B CN101986531 B CN 101986531B
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pole
pairs
speed number
changing
phase
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CN101986531A (en
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王雪帆
赵文成
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Zhang Ke
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WUHAN JINLUDA ELECTRICAL MACHINERY CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to an alternating-current pole-changing three-speed three-phase induction motor. Two sets of three-phase windings are arranged on a stator of the induction motor; one set of three-phase stator winding has high-speed pole pairs p1 and medium-speed pole pairs p2, wherein for the high-speed pole pairs p1, the windings are in two-path star parallel connection (2Y), and for the medium-speed pole pairs p2, the windings are in triangular connection (triangle), and have 6 leading-out wire ends; the other set of three-phase stator winding has the medium-speed pole pairs p2 and low-speed pole pairs p3, wherein for the medium-speed pole pairs p2, the windings are in the triangular connection (triangle), and for the low-speed pole pairs p3, the windings are the two-path star parallel connection (2Y) and have 6 leading-out wire ends; and for the medium-speed pole pairs p2, the two sets of three-phase stator windings are in the triangular connection (triangle) and are connected in parallel, and the formed leading-out wire ends of the integral three-phase stator windings are nine. The alternating-current pole-changing three-speed three-phase induction motor has the high utilization rate and low temperature rise of winding conductors, reduces the loss, and is simple and convenient for pole-changing control.

Description

A kind of interchange pole-changing three fast three-phase induction motors
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of motors, be specifically related to a kind of interchange pole-changing three fast three-phase induction motors.
Background technology
Pole changing is one of alternating current machine speed regulating method commonly used.The order of connection and the mode of connection that this speed regulating method only need change machine winding coil just can change the motor windings number of pole-pairs; Thereby make motor have two or more speed; Compare with other speed regulating methods such as frequency conversions, have efficient height and simple and reliable outstanding feature.
Pole changing method commonly used has two kinds of reverse method and commutation methods, and wherein the reverse pole-conversion method is to be divided into two sections after coil with every phase winding reconfigures, and it is simple to have a wiring; Terminal is few; Changing-over is convenient, and pole-changing turn ratio conversion flexible characteristic is suitable for common multipole proportion variable-pole winding.
Using the reverse pole-conversion method can make a cover three phase windings have two kinds of different numbers of poles that can pass through the switch changing-over.But, if require that three kinds of numbers of poles are arranged, still need two covers, three phase windings usually.This be because; Wiring when making the pole-changing changing-over is simple as far as possible; Generally require corresponding 3 outlets of a kind of speed of three-phase variable-pole winding, just corresponding 6 outlets of such two kinds of speed, though and simplex winding also can be realized three kinds of numbers of poles; But the terminal of winding will be many, surpasses desirable 9 outlets.For accomplishing that three fast pole-changing motor windings keep 9 terminals, pole-changing changing-over simultaneously is easy, still at present pole-changing schemes that adopt two covers, three phase windings more.
Three fast pole-changing motors are extensive in the hoisting and hanging application in machine equipments, and the ultimate ratio of this three fast pole-changing motors is taken as 4/8/32 usually, and wherein 4 hypervelocities are used for underloading, the heavy duty of 8 utmost point middling speeds, and 32 utmost point low speed then are used for let-down position under the weight.As general pole-changing arrangements, need to adopt independently three phase windings of two covers, 4/8 a cover winding very wherein, 32 utmost points then use a cover winding separately.
Adopt independently three phase windings of two covers, the benefit that also is double winding three fast pole-changing schemes is that terminal is few, and the pole-changing changing-over is easy; But no matter motor at this moment works under any speed, and it is idle wherein always to have a cover winding, causes the overall utilance of motor windings low; Temperature rise, inefficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to problem and defective for the three fast variable-pole winding modes of connection existence that overcome above-mentioned present three-phase induction motor; And provide a kind of new interchange three fast pole-changing three-phase induction motors, its stator winding employing two covers to have synthetic use of reverse method variable-pole winding of different pole-changing ratios, the method that just parallel connection is used under a kind of therein number of poles of this two cover variable-pole winding; Compare with existing unrelated double winding multispeed electric machine pole-changing scheme and to have better technical performance; The winding conductor utilance is high, and temperature rise is low, and loss reduces; The terminal radical then keeps with original identical constant, and pole-changing control is easy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Generally speaking, double winding three fast pole-changing schemes require to be permanent torque pole-changing, its high speed number of pole-pairs p usually 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2A shared cover winding adopts the reverse method pole-changing, low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Use an other cover winding separately, and for permanent torque variable-pole winding, the actual effectively copper consumption from design of Windings, in these three kinds of numbers of pole-pairs, low speed number of pole-pairs p 3With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Higher, high speed number of pole-pairs p 1Lower, therefore can consider low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Originally use an other cover winding also to become low speed number of pole-pairs p separately by reverse method pole-changing principle design 3With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Shared, thus high speed number of pole-pairs and the shared cover winding of middling speed number of pole-pairs, the new double winding three fast pole-changing schemes of the shared other cover winding of low speed number of pole-pairs and middling speed number of pole-pairs formed.Owing to all contain middling speed number of pole-pairs p in new departure two cover windings 2, for reducing the outlet radical as far as possible, this two covers winding is at middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Under can consider the parallel operation mode, but be noted that and must guarantee that each branch road induced electromotive force phase place of parallel connection is identical that amplitude equates, to avoid issuable circulation.
The concrete wiring of above-mentioned two cover three phase windings can have multiple mode.For example, adopt reverse method principle pole-changing, a cover three-phase design of Windings is become high speed number of pole-pairs p 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Shared, the method for connecing is the 2Y/ Δ, and another set of three phase windings then are designed to low speed number of pole-pairs p 3With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Shared, adopt reverse method principle pole-changing equally, the method that connects also is the 2Y/ Δ, two cover windings all contain middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2, the method for connecing is all Δ, therefore can be with it parallel connection, and as shown in Figure 1.The mapping mode wiring of its three kinds of numbers of poles is as shown in Figure 2, can find out, at this moment the end of a thread of drawing of two cover windings is 9, corresponding high speed number of pole-pairs p 1, the method for connecing is 2Y; Corresponding middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2, the method for connecing is a Δ; Corresponding low speed number of pole-pairs p 3, the method that connects also is 2Y.
Generally speaking, double winding three fast pole-changing schemes require to be permanent torque pole-changing, its high speed number of pole-pairs p usually 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2A shared cover winding adopts the reverse method pole-changing, low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Use an other cover winding separately, and for permanent torque variable-pole winding, the actual effectively copper consumption from design of Windings, in these three kinds of numbers of poles, low speed number of pole-pairs p 3With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Higher, high speed number of pole-pairs p 1Lower, therefore can consider low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Originally use an other cover winding also to become low speed number of pole-pairs p separately by reverse method pole-changing principle design 3With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Shared, thus the high speed utmost point and the extremely shared cover winding of middling speed, the new double winding three fast pole-changing schemes of the extremely shared other cover winding of the low speed utmost point and middling speed formed.Owing to all contain middling speed number of pole-pairs p in new departure two cover windings 2, for reducing the outlet radical as far as possible, this two covers winding is at middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Under can consider the parallel operation mode, but be noted that and must guarantee that each branch road induced electromotive force phase place of parallel connection is identical that amplitude equates, to avoid issuable circulation.
The concrete wiring of new departure two cover three phase windings can have multiple mode.For example, adopt reverse method principle pole-changing, a cover three-phase design of Windings is become high speed number of pole-pairs p 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Shared, the method for connecing is the 2Y/ Δ, and another set of three phase windings then are designed to low speed number of pole-pairs p 3With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Shared, adopt reverse method principle pole-changing equally, the method that connects also is the 2Y/ Δ, two cover windings all contain middling speed utmost point p 2, the method for connecing is all Δ, therefore can be with it parallel connection, and as shown in Figure 1.The mapping mode wiring of its three kinds of numbers of poles can find out that shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c at this moment the end of a thread of drawing of two cover windings is 9, corresponding high speed number of pole-pairs p 1, the method for connecing is 2Y; Corresponding middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2, the method for connecing is a Δ; Corresponding low speed number of pole-pairs p 3, the method that connects also is 2Y.
For the three-speed motor in the practice, often require middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2With low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Be designed to the distal pole ratio, for example 8/24 utmost point or 8/32 utmost point etc. in this case, for guaranteeing that suitable air gap flux density ratio is arranged under two kinds of numbers of poles, can be considered at low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Corresponding 2Y connects on the basis of method, and other is the cover low speed number of pole-pairs p that connects 3Three phase windings become 2Y+Y and connect method, and are as shown in Figure 3.
2Y+Y shown in Fig. 3 connects method also can be used for the double speed winding separately, under the situation of distal pole ratio, to pass through the number of turn of adjustment series connection Y part, makes motor gas-gap that the close ratio of suitable magnetic arranged, at this moment corresponding high speed number of pole-pairs p 1For triangle (Δ) connects method, corresponding low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Connect method for two-way star parallel connection method adds one tunnel star series connection (2Y+Y), drawing line end is 6, shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c.
Winding conductor utilance of the present invention is high, and temperature rise is low, and loss reduces, and the terminal radical then keeps with original identical constant, and pole-changing control is easy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that two cover three-phase 2Y/ Δs connect the method variable-pole winding and connect the parallelly connected connection sketch map of combination under the method at Δ.
Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c are three-phase three fast variable-pole winding leading-out terminal connection method sketch mapes.
Fig. 3 is that two cover three-phase 2Y/ Δs connect method variable-pole winding and a cover single speed three phase windings combination connection sketch map.
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c are that a cover three-phase 2Y/ Δ connects method variable-pole winding and a cover single speed three phase windings combination connection sketch map.
Fig. 5 is number of stator slots Z=96, and pole-changing is than the three-phase winding connection method sketch map that is 4/8/32.
Fig. 6 is number of stator slots Z=36, and pole-changing is than the three-phase winding connection method sketch map that is 2/8.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instance the present invention is carried out detailed explanation:
Shown in Fig. 1-4, the present invention places two covers, three phase windings at its stator, and a cover threephase stator winding has high speed number of pole-pairs p 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2, wherein for high speed number of pole-pairs p 1For two-way star parallel connection (2Y) connects method, for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2For triangle (Δ) connects method, there are six to draw line end; Another set of threephase stator winding has middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2With low speed number of pole-pairs p 3, wherein for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2For triangle (Δ) connects method, for low speed number of pole-pairs p 3For two-way star parallel connection (2Y) connects method, also there are six to draw line end; This two covers threephase stator winding is for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Be triangle (Δ) and connect method, and it is connected in parallel, as shown in Figure 1; The mapping mode wiring of its three kinds of numbers of poles is shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c; Can find out that the line end of drawing of the whole three-phase stator winding that forms at last has 9, wherein for high speed number of pole-pairs p 1For two-way star parallel connection (2Y) connects method, for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2For two-way triangle (2 Δ) parallel connection method, for low speed number of pole-pairs p 3For two-way star parallel connection (2Y) connects method, draw line end and have 9.
For the three-speed motor in the practice, often require middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2With low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Be designed to the distal pole ratio, for example 8/24 utmost point or 8/32 utmost point etc. in this case, for guaranteeing that suitable air gap flux density ratio is arranged under two kinds of numbers of pole-pairs, can be considered at low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Corresponding 2Y connects on the basis of method, and other is the cover low speed number of pole-pairs p that connects 3Three phase windings become 2Y+Y and connect method, and are as shown in Figure 3.2Y+Y shown in Fig. 3 connects method also can be used for the double speed winding separately, under the situation of distal pole ratio, to pass through the number of turn of adjustment series connection Y part, makes motor gas-gap that the close ratio of suitable magnetic arranged, at this moment corresponding high speed number of pole-pairs p 1For Δ connects method, corresponding low speed number of pole-pairs p 3For 2Y+Y connects method, shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c.
Instance 1
A pole-changing is arranged than the three-speed motor that is 4/8/32, number of stator slots Z=96 wherein places two covers, three phase windings, and a cover is 4/8 utmost point; Adopt the 2Y/ Δ to connect method, the reverse method variable-pole winding of 60 °/120 ° of facies tracts, another set of is 8/32 utmost point reverse method variable-pole winding; For making motor gas-gap that the close ratio of suitable magnetic arranged, adopted Δ/2Y+Y to connect method, also promptly as far as 8 utmost points; For Δ connects method, 60 ° of facies tracts then connect method for 2Y+Y to 32 utmost points.
This two covers winding is Δ and connects method 8 utmost points, chooses suitable coil span and coil turn respectively, makes that branch road induced electromotive force phase place and amplitude size are identical, thereby can adopt and be connected in parallel that the concrete mode of connection is as shown in Figure 5.
Being the coil of 4/8 utmost point reverse method pole-changing, three phase windings in Fig. 5 dot-dash wire frame, is the coil of 8/32 utmost point reverse method pole-changing, three phase windings in the frame of broken lines, is not difficult to find out, this two covers winding is connected in parallel for the two-way triangle as far as 8 utmost points, also even with leading-out terminal D 4, D 5, D 6, D 7, D 8, D 9Unsettled, D 1, D 2, D 3Insert three phase mains, winding forms 2 Δs and connects method, and at this moment electric machine operation state is 8 utmost points; Equally also can find out, if with leading-out terminal D 1, D 2, D 3Short circuit, D 4, D 5, D 6Unsettled, D 7, D 8, D 9Insert three phase mains, form 2Y and connect method, electric machine operation state is 4 utmost points; If with leading-out terminal D 1, D 2, D 3Short circuit, D 7, D 8, D 9Unsettled, D 4, D 5, D 6Insert three phase mains, form 2Y+Y and connect method, electric machine operation state is 32 utmost points.
Instance 2:
A pole-changing is arranged than the double-speed motor that is 2/8, number of stator slots Z=36 wherein places two covers, three phase windings; One cover is 2/8 utmost point, adopts the 2Y/ Δ to connect method, the reverse method change pole double speed winding of 60 °/120 ° of facies tracts; Another set of is 8 extremely regular 60 ° of facies tract single speed windings, and two cover windings are chosen suitable coil span and coil turn respectively, makes this motors with further pole ratio keep suitable air gap flux density ratio extremely down at 2 utmost points and 8; As shown in Figure 6, at this moment corresponding 2 utmost points are with leading-out terminal D 1, D 2, D 3Insert three phase mains, D 4, D 5, D 6Unsettled, for Δ connects method; Corresponding 8 utmost points are with leading-out terminal D1, D 2, D 3Short circuit, D 4, D 5, D 6Insert three phase mains, for 2Y+Y connects method.

Claims (3)

1. one kind exchanges pole-changing three fast three-phase induction motors, it is characterized in that: place two covers, three phase windings at its stator, a cover threephase stator winding has high speed number of pole-pairs p 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2, wherein for high speed number of pole-pairs p 1For two-way star parallel connection (2Y) connects method, for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2(△) connects method for triangle, has six to draw line end; Another set of threephase stator winding has middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2With low speed number of pole-pairs p 3, wherein for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2(△) connects method for triangle, for low speed number of pole-pairs p 3For two-way star parallel connection (2Y) connects method, also there are six to draw line end; This two covers threephase stator winding is for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Be triangle (△) and connect method, and it is connected in parallel, the line end of drawing of the whole three-phase stator winding that forms at last has 9.
2. interchange pole-changing three fast three-phase induction motors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in motor stator, arrange a cover low speed number of pole-pairs p in addition 3Three phase windings, and it three-phase windings in series with above-mentioned low speed number of pole-pairs p3 two-way star parallel connection method is connected, form two-way star parallel connection method for low speed number of pole-pairs p3 and add one tunnel star series connection (2Y+Y) and connect method.
3. interchange pole-changing three fast three-phase induction motors according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in motor stator, remove a cover and have high speed number of pole-pairs p 1With middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2Three phase windings of two kinds of different numbers of pole-pairs, at this moment whole stator winding become and are the double speed variable-pole winding, wherein for middling speed number of pole-pairs p 2(△) connects method for triangle, for low speed number of pole-pairs p 3Two-way star parallel connection method add one tunnel star series connection (2Y+Y) and connect method, drawing line end is 6.
CN2010105418504A 2010-11-12 2010-11-12 Alternating-current pole-changing three-speed three-phase induction motor Expired - Fee Related CN101986531B (en)

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CN102158030B (en) * 2011-04-07 2014-08-20 南阳高特电机有限公司 Multiwinding series connection variable volume induction motor and control device thereof
TWI459685B (en) * 2012-08-14 2014-11-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Method for winding control of pole changeable stator and electro-mechanical conversion apparatus using the same
CN106685305A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-05-17 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 Three-mode motor and control method thereof
CN108390614B (en) * 2018-04-16 2024-03-15 珠海凯邦电机制造有限公司 Stator coil, motor stator and motor
CN112865378B (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-12-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Three-phase motor winding structure and motor

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US4841188A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-06-20 Hao Chung Hsing Speed changing device for electric fans
CN1025976C (en) * 1989-11-30 1994-09-21 湘潭机电专科学校 Three-speed phase-mixing pole-changing winding connection method and pole-changing winding
CN2627722Y (en) * 2003-06-13 2004-07-21 华中科技大学 Pole-changing start wound rotor induction motor applying cascade coupling speed control principle
CN1731655A (en) * 2005-08-11 2006-02-08 武汉金路达电机有限公司 Pole-changing start no-slip wrap-around wire rotor induction motor
CN201536344U (en) * 2009-09-27 2010-07-28 武汉金路达电机有限公司 On-line electric pole-changing speed regulation control circuit for two-speed motor
CN201860237U (en) * 2010-11-12 2011-06-08 武汉金路达电机有限公司 Alternating-current variable pole three-speed three-phase induction motor

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Effective date of registration: 20180111

Address after: No. 102, unit 2, No. 12, Zhangdian District, Zhangdian District, Shandong Province, China Unicom

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Address before: 430074 Hubei city of Wuhan province East Lake Development Zone No. 2 Building 2 unit Luxiang telecommunications 302

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