CN101984416A - Method and device for generating test case - Google Patents
Method and device for generating test case Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for generating a test case, which are used for increasing the coverage on a core test scene so as to improve the efficiency for controlling fault leakage. The method comprises the following steps: combining test factors contained in a test class, and generating a plurality of test factor combinations; for each test factor combination, determining the priority of the test factor combination according to the attribute of each test factor in the test factor combination, and classifying the test factor combination into a set of the corresponding priority according to the priority of the test factor combination; selecting a corresponding quantity of test factor combinations from the set according to the test phase, the test coverage or the task cycle of the current test; and generating a test case based on the selected test factor combinations. By using the technical scheme, the coverage on a core test scene can be increased, and the efficiency for controlling fault leakage can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field tests, relate in particular to a kind of generation method and device of test case.
Background technology
At present, when carrying out software system test, generally treat the brake point and test one by one by the test case that sets in advance.Test case is a group of input, executive condition working out for certain special objective and predicts the outcome, so that test certain Program path or examine and whether satisfy certain particular requirement.Test case mainly is applicable to integration testing, system testing and regression test, when implementing test, the tester is a standard with the test case that is provided with, carry out corresponding test operation in strict accordance with test event that is provided with in the test case and testing procedure, and test case is recorded in the test case management software, so that generate the test result document automatically.When the test case scale expands to a certain degree, if all items in the test case is tested, long, testing efficiency reduction then consuming time, thereby may have influence on the progress and the test effect of product test, as a VPN (Virtual Private Network, VPN (virtual private network)) module, its corresponding use-case number extend to several ten thousand to hundreds of thousands.
At present, be to improve testing progress and test effect, when generating test case, introduce test factor, and assist the test processs such as setting, execution, analysis of retrofit testing use-case by test factor.As, determine category of test that needs test and the test factor that comprises thereof at first according to the actual requirements, again the various test factor of quantity is made up, generate the test factor combination (a test factor combination provides a kind of test scene) of some, and pass through software only according to the priority of each test factor in the test factor combination, from the test factor combination that generates, choose the test factor combination (being typical combination) that is used to generate test case; Operating personnel test each test factor combination according to test case, and generate corresponding test document according to test result.The test factor combination tool of using morely at present is PICT (the Pairwise Independent Combinatorial Testing of Microsoft's exploitation, match independent combined test) instrument, it is fairly simple to use this instrument that test factor is made up, only need making up test factor by appointment, form becomes file, such as demo.txt, carry out this file below order line: pict demo.txt can determine the test factor combination that is used to generate test case.
Adopt above-mentioned method of testing, though improved testing efficiency and testing progress to a certain extent, but it has brought following technological deficiency: when choosing the test factor combination that is used to generate test case, only determine typical combination according to the priority of test factor, the foundation of determining typical combination is more single, on the one hand, make the test scene that test case comprised that generates might not can react the demand of actual test very accurately, thereby may cause test case can not cover the current test scene that needs most test, cause comparatively serious fault to be revealed then; On the other hand, the test case that generates can not well be adapted to the environment of actual needs test, as test period and actual duty cycle be not inconsistent, the covering scale of test scene do not meet actual covering scale, also or test case be not suitable for current test phase.
To sum up, adopt the existing method that generates test case, the problem that exists test scene that test case comprises and actual environment not to conform to, thus cause coverage rate to the core test scene low and to problems such as fault leakage control efficiency differences
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of generation method and device of test case,, fault is revealed the efficient of controlling thereby improve to improve coverage rate to the core test scene.
A kind of generation method of test case comprises:
The test factor that category of test comprised is made up, generate a plurality of test factor combinations;
At each test factor combination, determine the priority that this test factor makes up according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, and this test factor combination is referred in the set of respective priority according to the priority of this test factor combination;
According to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle, from set, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers;
Generate test case according to the test factor combination of choosing.
A kind of generating apparatus of test case comprises:
Test factor combination generation unit, the test factor that is used for category of test is comprised makes up, and generates a plurality of test factor combinations;
Distribution unit, be connected with described test factor combination generation unit, be used for each test factor that described test factor combination generation unit generates is made up, attribute according to each test factor in this test factor combination is determined the priority that this test factor makes up, and according to the priority of this test factor combination this test factor combination is referred in the set of respective priority;
Choose the unit, be connected, be used for from the higher set of priority, choosing the test factor combination of respective numbers according to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle with described distribution unit;
The test case generation unit is connected with the described unit of choosing, and is used for generating test case according to the described test factor combination of choosing unit selection.
Adopt technical solution of the present invention, on the one hand, at each test factor combination, determine the priority of this test factor combination according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, and the combination of this test factor is referred in the set of respective priority, and when choosing the test factor combination that is used to generate test case, choose the higher test factor combination of priority, thereby the more realistic test environment of test scene that the feasible test case that generates comprises, cover the test scene (being the core test scene) of current actual needs test with higher probability, thereby improved coverage rate to the core test scene, thereby reduced the probability that fault is revealed, improved the control efficiency that fault is revealed; On the other hand, according to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers, thereby further make test case meet the test environment of current reality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that generates test case in the embodiment of the invention;
The fault leakage rate that Fig. 2 A provides for the embodiment of the invention and the graph of a relation of distribution and density;
The duty cycle that Fig. 2 B provides for the embodiment of the invention and the graph of a relation of distribution and density;
The graph of a relation of the duty cycle that Fig. 2 C provides for the embodiment of the invention, distribution and density and fault leakage rate;
Fig. 3 is the concentric circles model synoptic diagram of test case in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is with the synoptic diagram of test factor combination distribution in the concentric circles model in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of test case generating apparatus in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
At the above-mentioned technical matters that prior art exists, the embodiment of the invention provides the generation method of test case, to improve the coverage rate of core test scene, improves the control efficiency that fault is revealed.This method comprises: the test factor that category of test comprised is made up, generate a plurality of test factor combinations; At each test factor combination, determine the priority that this test factor makes up according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, and this test factor combination is referred in the set of respective priority according to the priority of this test factor combination; According to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle, from the higher set of priority, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers; Generate test case according to the test factor combination of choosing.Adopt technical solution of the present invention, on the one hand, at each test factor combination, determine the priority of this test factor combination according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, and the combination of this test factor is referred in the set of respective priority, and when choosing the test factor combination that is used to generate test case, choose the higher test factor combination of priority, thereby the more realistic test environment of test scene that the feasible test case that generates comprises, cover the test scene (being the core test scene) of current actual needs test with higher probability, thereby improved coverage rate to the core test scene, thereby reduced the probability that fault is revealed, improved the control efficiency that fault is revealed; On the other hand, according to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers, thereby further make test case meet the test environment of current reality.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, for generating the method flow diagram of test case in the embodiment of the invention, this method comprises:
Step 101, the test factor that category of test comprised is made up, generate a plurality of test factor combinations.
Step 102, at the combination of each test factor, attribute according to each test factor in this test factor combination is determined the priority that this test factor makes up, and according to the priority of this test factor combination this test factor combination is referred in the set of respective priority.
Step 103, basis are chosen the test factor combination of respective numbers when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle from the higher set of priority.
The test factor combination that step 104, basis are chosen generates test case.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned steps 101, can obtain the test factor combination, obtain the complete or collected works of test scene by the test factor that category of test comprised being carried out the cartesian product computing.Comprise as category of test: message classification, port classification and traffic classes, the test factor quantity that message classification, port classification and traffic classes are comprised is respectively M, N, K, the test factor of these three category of tests is carried out quadrature calculating can obtain M * N * K test factor combination, this M * N * K test factor constitutes the complete or collected works of test scene.As, suppose that category of test is port classification and traffic classes, category of test is defined as set a: F={f1, f2 ..., fn}, wherein fi represents i test factor in the category of test, then above-mentioned port classification and traffic classes can be defined as following set respectively:
Port classification F1={ gigabit ether port, 10,000,000,000 ether ports }
Traffic classes F2={ multicast stream, broadcast, positive flow, reverse direction flow }
The test factor of above-mentioned port classification and traffic classes is carried out Descartes's computing to be obtained:
Port type F1 * discharge pattern F2={ (gigabit ether port, multicast stream), (gigabit ether port, broadcast), (gigabit ether port, positive flow), (gigabit ether port, reverse direction flow), (10,000,000,000 ether ports, multicast stream), (10,000,000,000 ether ports, broadcast), (10,000,000,000 ether ports, positive flow), (10,000,000,000 ether ports, reverse direction flow) }.
Preferably, the attribute of test factor can comprise following one or more: the number of stoppages that priority, test factor write down in test history, the priority of affiliated category of test, level attribute, whether be test factor that increases newly etc.In the above-mentioned steps 102, determine the priority of this test factor combination according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, comprise:, determine the priority of this test factor combination in test history according to the priority of each test factor in the test factor combination, the number of stoppages that test factor writes down, the priority of affiliated category of test, level attribute.As, the number of stoppages that test factor writes down in test history is many more, shows that then the probability that this test factor breaks down is bigger, and then the significance level that this test factor is tested is bigger; The priority of category of test is high more under the test factor, it is more serious to show that then the failure ratio brought is not passed through in the test of this test factor, then the significance level that this test factor is tested is bigger etc., can be set to the test factor combination of high priority with being included in the test factor combination of the higher or test factor that rank is bigger of more, the affiliated category of test priority of record trouble number of times in the test record; Test factor is what increase newly, and then the significance level that this test factor is tested is bigger.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned steps 103, from set, choose the test factor combination of some, comprising:, determine the quantity of the test factor combination that needs test according to test phase, test covering scale or duty cycle; According to the priority order from high to low of set, from set, choose the test factor combination of described quantity successively.As, test phase is the system testing stage first round, then can as much as possiblely choose the test factor combination and test; When test phase is second system wheel test phase, but the higher test factor combination of selected part priority is tested; When test phase is regression test, can chooses previous stage and not test by the test factor combination of test.As test the covering scale when being all standing, can test all test factor combinations; When if test covering scale covers for part, can the higher test factor combination of selected part priority test.Also as, if when the current task cycle is nervous, but the higher test factor combination of selected part priority is tested; If the current task period ratio is sufficient, can as much as possiblely chooses the test factor combination and test.
Preferably, the embodiment of the invention at each set, can be provided with the distribution density of this set, and the value of distribution density is that the test factor number of combinations that is distributed in this set accounts for the ratio that test factor makes up total amount.When choosing the test factor combination that is used to generate test case, can determine to distribute and density according to the covering scale of current actual demand, the test factor of choosing some according to this distribution and density from corresponding set makes up again; The big more then corresponding covering scale of distribution and density is big more, otherwise the more little then corresponding covering scale of distribution and density is more little, and promptly distribution and density are reacted the covering scale.
In the step 103 in the embodiment of the invention, comprise: according to current test phase, covering scale or duty cycle, choose corresponding distribution and density D D (S), and from corresponding set, choose the test factor combination that is used to generate test case according to DD (S); The relation that distribution and density and fault are revealed is shown in Fig. 2 A, the corresponding relation of distribution and density and duty cycle is shown in Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 A is combined the distribution that obtains and the relation between density, fault leakage rate and the duty cycle shown in Fig. 2 C with Fig. 2 B, when actual measurement, can choose corresponding distribution and density according to fault leakage rate and duty cycle; The embodiment of the invention can be chosen one in conjunction with duty cycle and comparatively reasonably distribute and density according to actual test environment when taking into account the fault leakage rate.As, the set of supposing to be provided with is followed successively by core set C1, expanded set C2 and peripheral set C3 according to priority order from high to low, wherein, the distribution density of core set C1 is 20%, and the distribution density of expanded set C2 is 30%, and the distribution density of peripheral set C3 is 50%.If DD (the S)=DD (C1) that chooses, then all the test factor combinations among the set C1 are chosen in expression; If DD (S)=DD (the C1)+DD (C2) that chooses, then all the test factor combinations among set C1 and the set C2 are chosen in expression; If DD (S)=DD (C1) * P (C1)+DD (C2) * P (C2)+DD (C3) * P (C3) of choosing, then represent from set C1, to choose the test factor combination of P (C1) ratio, from set C2, choose the test factor combination of P (C2) ratio and from set C3, choose the test factor combination of P (C3) ratio.
Illustrate, distribute and density as choosing: if current test phase is first round system testing according to test phase, then can choose distribution and density is DD (S)=(20%+50%+30%)=1, promptly choose all the test factor combinations in all set, so that test scene is comprehensively tested; If current test phase is the test of second wheel system, then can from the part set, choose all or part of test factor combination and test, distribute and density D D (S)=20% as choosing, promptly choose all the test factor combinations among the core set C1; If current test phase is regression test, the all or part of test factor combination of sets that then can choose in the highest set of priority is tested, distribute and density D D (S)=20% * 1+30 * (2/3)+50% * 0 as choosing, the test factor of promptly choosing 2/3 among all test factor combinations among the core set C1, the expanded set C2 makes up.Choose distribution and density according to current covering scale: if current covering scale is all standing, distribution of then choosing and density are 1, and whole test factor combinations of promptly choosing in all set are tested; If the covering scale is for covering the core test scene, distribution of then choosing and density are the distribution density of the highest set of priority, promptly choose whole test factor combinations of the highest set of priority and test.Choose distribution and density according to duty cycle: the duty cycle anxiety, then from the part set, choose all or part of test factor combination and test; If the duty cycle abundance then can be chosen all or part of test factor combination and test from all set.The mode of choosing is varied, is not limited in the above-mentioned example of enumerating, and can also choose accordingly according to actual needs.
Preferably, for adapting to actual applied environment, make up with the test factor of upgrading timely in the set, thereby make the test factor in the set make up realistic test environment, above-mentioned flow process also comprises:
Step 105, the test factor in described test case combination is tested, and adjusted the value of described respective numbers according to test result; Or/and, according to the test factor combination that is comprised in each set of test result adjustment.
In the above-mentioned steps 105, adjust the value of respective numbers, can comprise: determine the percent of pass of testing, if described percent of pass during more than or equal to the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then can reduce the value of described respective numbers to test factor combination in the test case; If described percent of pass during less than the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then can improve the value of described respective numbers.
In the above-mentioned steps 105, according to the test factor combination that is comprised in each set of test result adjustment, can comprise:,, then it is adjusted to priority and be higher than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place if the test factor combined test does not pass through at each the test factor combination in the test case; If the test factor combined test passes through, then it is adjusted to priority and be lower than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place.
In the above-mentioned steps 105, test factor combination in the quantity of the test factor combination that adjustment is chosen according to test result and each set of adjustment, comprise: (1) is according to the quantity of the test factor combination of choosing, determine the scale of the use-case example of implementation of test cases, and the testability of carrying out according to the scale analysis test paper of use-case example, determine that then the use-case example expands if testability is low, the quantity of the test factor combination of promptly choosing is bigger than normal, and the test factor number of combinations of then needs being chosen reduces; (2) determine the test percent of pass of each set, the test factor combination that test is passed through in the set that priority is higher is adjusted in the lower set of priority, the unsanctioned test factor combination of test is adjusted in the higher set of priority in the set that priority is lower, as, the test factor combination that test among the collection core set C1 is passed through is adjusted among expanded set C2 or the peripheral set C3, the test factor combination that test among the expanded set C2 is passed through is adjusted among the peripheral set C3, with expanded set C2 or/and among the peripheral set C3 the test factor combination by test do not adjust among the core set C1, perhaps the periphery is gathered among the C3 test factor combination and does not adjust among the expanded set C2 by test.
Preferably, reveal for reducing fault, the distribution and the density of test factor combination is chosen in adjustment according to test result.As determining percent of pass according to test result when the percent of pass threshold value is set, then improve and distribute and density; Otherwise, distribute and density if percent of pass during less than the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then reduces.
With a specific embodiment technical solution of the present invention is carried out more in detail, clearly described below.
Among this embodiment, the both sides AC access interface of supposing the entry PE of test case TC_0010_VPN and outlet PE is a trunk pattern but the vlan configuration is asymmetric, category of test comprises message classification, port classification and traffic classes, the priority of these three category of tests is set to 2,4,5 respectively, and these three test factor that category of test comprised are respectively shown in table 1, table 2 and table 3.The set of embodiment of the invention setting has three, is respectively core set C1, expanded set C2 and peripheral set C3, and wherein the priority of core set is the highest, and expanded set is taken second place, and peripheral set is minimum.
Test factor and priority thereof that table 1 is comprised for the message classification
| Title | Priority |
| Message utag is identical with trunk vlan | 3 |
| Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality | 5 |
Test factor and priority thereof that table 2 is comprised for the port classification
| Title | Priority |
| Gigabit ether port | 3 |
| 10,000,000,000 ether ports | 5 |
| The LAG port | 5 |
| The MC-LAG port | 3 |
Test factor and priority thereof that table 3 traffic classes is comprised
| Title | Priority |
| Multicast stream | 2 |
| Broadcast | 2 |
| Positive flow | 4 |
| Reverse direction flow | 4 |
The test factor that above-mentioned message classification, port classification and traffic classes are comprised is carried out the cartesian product computing, can obtain 32 test factor combinations, these 32 test factor constitute the test scene complete or collected works, and are as shown in table 4.
Table 4 carries out the test factor combination that the cartesian product computing obtains for the test factor that category of test is comprised
| Sequence number | The test factor combination |
| 1 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, gigabit ether port, multicast stream |
| 2 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, gigabit ether port, broadcast |
| 3 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, gigabit ether port, positive flow |
| 4 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, gigabit ether port, reverse direction flow |
| 5 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, gigabit ether port, multicast stream |
| 6 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, gigabit ether port, broadcast |
| 7 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, gigabit ether port, positive flow |
| 8 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, gigabit ether port, reverse direction flow |
| 9 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, multicast stream |
| 10 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, broadcast |
| 11 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, positive flow |
| 12 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, reverse direction flow |
| 13 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, multicast stream |
| 14 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, broadcast |
| 15 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, positive flow |
| 16 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, 10,000,000,000 ether ports, reverse direction flow |
| 17 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, LAG port, multicast stream |
| 18 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, LAG port, broadcast |
| 19 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, LAG port, |
| 20 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, LAG port, reverse direction flow |
| 21 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, LAG port, multicast stream |
| 22 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, LAG port, broadcast |
| 23 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, LAG port, positive flow |
| 24 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, LAG port, reverse direction flow |
| 25 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, MC-LAG port, multicast stream |
| 26 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, MC-LAG port, broadcast |
| 27 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, MC-LAG port, positive flow |
| 28 | Message utag is identical with trunk vlan, MC-LAG port, reverse direction flow |
| 29 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, MC-LAG port, multicast stream |
| 30 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, MC-LAG port, broadcast |
| 31 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, MC-LAG port, positive flow |
| 32 | Message utag and trunk vlan are inequality, MC-LAG port, reverse direction flow |
According to the priority of each test factor priority, the number of stoppages that test factor writes down in test history, affiliated category of test in the test factor combination, level attribute (but comprise must survey rank, can select to survey rank accident rank), whether comprise new factors such as test factor, above-mentioned test factor combination is referred to respectively in the corresponding set.Preferably, the test factor combination that will include the test factor with following one or more attributes is referred to core set or/and in the expanded set: the number of stoppages is more, and rank is higher, and priority is higher, and test factor is new the interpolation.
Consider based on above-mentioned factor, the severity level of the test factor in the message classification [message utag is different with trunk vlan] is than test factor [message utag is identical with trunk vlan] height, therefore, can consider that the test factor combination that will comprise test factor [message utag is different with trunk vlan] is referred in the core set; The test factor in the port classification [10,000,000,000 ether port] and the priority of [LAG port] all are higher than [gigabit ether port], can consider to comprise test factor [10,000,000,000 ether port] or/and the test factor combination of [LAG port] is referred in the core set; The priority of the test factor in the traffic classes [positive flow] and [reverse direction flow] is higher, and the priority of test factor [broadcast] and [multicast stream] is lower, can will comprise test factor [positive flow] or/and the test factor combination of [reverse direction flow] is referred in the core set.
To sum up, be referred in the different set test factor combination as shown in table 5.
The combination of table 5 test factor is referred in the corresponding set
According to key elements such as current test phase, covering scale or duty cycles, choose distribution and density D D (S)=DD (C1)=25%, all test factor combinations (being that sequence number is 1,6,9,15,16,23,24,26 test factor combination) of promptly choosing among the core set C1 are tested; At this moment, the test event that test case comprised of generation comprises the test factor combination of above-mentioned sequence number.The both sides AC access interface of this test case TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE is that trunk pattern but vlan are when disposing asymmetric situation, can go up example according to core set C1 and dissolve 8 use-case examples, expression is which test scene in the test case when Pretesting:
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @1 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 1 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @6 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 6 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @9 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 9 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @15 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 15 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @16 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 16 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @23 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 23 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @24 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 24 test factor provides;
TC_0010_VPN entry PE and outlet PE ... @26 represent current sequence number among the test case TC_0010_VPN is being tested for the test scene that the combination of 26 test factor provides.
Preferably, can know the distributed intelligence of test factor combination fast for making the test case operational staff, the test factor combination distribution is in the set of respective priority, adopt the concentric circles distributed model, this concentric circles distributed model comprises a plurality of donuts, annulus is corresponding one by one with priority set from high to low successively according to size order from small to large, and is provided with the sequence number of the test factor combination that is comprised in the set of its correspondence in each annulus.
As shown in Figure 3, the concentric circles distributed model that provides for the embodiment of the invention, defined a kind of be the center of circle with the test case, be combined as the model of circle distribution with test factor, the concentric circles distributed model is provided with a plurality of distribution circles that priority, severity level reduce successively from the center of circle along radial direction, and these a plurality of distribution circles are corresponding with core set C1, expanded set C2 and peripheral set C3 successively; And its test factor that comprises combination sequence number is set in core set C1, expanded set C2 and peripheral set C3, then can obtain concentric circles distributed model as shown in Figure 4.The quantizating index that this concentric circles distributed model comprises can comprise distribution density DD (Ci) (distribution density of i the circle that distributes that expression begins from the center of circle), distribution and the density D D (S) of the circle that distributes, wherein:
The distribution density sum of all distribution circles of concentric circles distributed model is 1, as the total amount of the test factor that obtains combination is 100, the test factor number of combinations that is distributed among the core set C1 is 20, the test factor number of combinations that is distributed among the expansion circle C2 is 30, the test factor number of combinations that is distributed in peripheral set C3 is 50, the distribution density that then can obtain core set C1, expanded set C2 and peripheral set C3 is respectively DD (C1)=20/100=20%, DD (C2)=30/100=30%, DD (C3)=50/100=50%.
In addition, distribute and the account form of density D D (S) can be as the formula (1):
DD (S)=∑ (DD (Ci) * Ci) formula (1)
In the formula (1), DD (S) distributes and density, and DD (Ci) is the distribution density of i the circle that distributes, and Ci is that i distribution enclosed and ratio.
Based on the same idea of said method flow process, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of device that generates test case, and the structure of this device as shown in Figure 5.
Referring to Fig. 5, for generating the structural representation of the device of test case in the embodiment of the invention, this device comprises:
Test factor combination generation unit 51, the test factor that is used for category of test is comprised makes up, and generates a plurality of test factor combinations;
Choose unit 53, be connected, be used for from set, choosing the test factor combination of respective numbers according to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle with distribution unit 52;
Test case generation unit 54 and is chosen unit 53 and is connected, and is used for choosing the test factor combination of choosing unit 53 and generating test case according to described.
Described test factor combination generation unit 51 specifically is used for: the test factor that described category of test comprised is carried out the cartesian product computing, obtain the test factor combination.
Preferably, whether the priority that distribution unit 52 is determined test factor combination specifically is used for, and determines the priority of test factor combination according to following one or more attributes of each test factor in the test factor combination: the number of stoppages that test factor priority, test factor write down in test history, the priority of affiliated category of test, level attribute and be the test factor that increases newly.
Preferably, choose unit 53, specifically be used for:, determine the quantity of the test factor combination that needs test according to test phase, test covering scale or duty cycle; According to the priority order from high to low of set, from set, choose the test factor combination of described quantity successively.
Preferably, said apparatus also comprises:
Preferably, adjustment unit 55 is adjusted the value of respective numbers, specifically be used for: determine the percent of pass of testing, if described percent of pass during more than or equal to the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then reduces the value of described respective numbers to test case test factor combination; If described percent of pass during less than the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then improves the value of described respective numbers;
Or/and, adjustment unit 55 is adjusted the test factor combination that is comprised in each set, specifically be used for:,, then it is adjusted to priority and be higher than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place if the test factor combined test does not pass through at each test factor combination of test case; If the test factor combined test passes through, then it is adjusted to priority and be lower than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place.
Adopt technical solution of the present invention, on the one hand, at each test factor combination, determine the priority of this test factor combination according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, and the combination of this test factor is referred in the set of respective priority, and when choosing the test factor combination that is used to generate test case, choose the higher test factor combination of priority, thereby the more realistic test environment of test scene that the feasible test case that generates comprises, test scene from the current actual needs test of the covering of high probability, improved the coverage rate of core test scene, thereby reduced the probability that fault is revealed, improved the control efficiency that fault is revealed; On the other hand, according to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers, thereby further make test case meet the test environment of current reality; Again on the one hand, after the every test factor combination in the test case that generates is tested, adjustment is used to generate the quantity of the needed test factor combination of test case according to test result, or/and, respectively gather included test factor combination according to the test result adjustment, thereby further improved the realistic test environment of test factor combination in the set, thereby further improved coverage rate the core test scene.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (13)
1. the generation method of a test case is characterized in that, comprising:
The test factor that category of test comprised is made up, generate a plurality of test factor combinations;
At each test factor combination, determine the priority that this test factor makes up according to the attribute of each test factor in this test factor combination, and this test factor combination is referred in the set of respective priority according to the priority of this test factor combination;
According to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle, from the higher set of priority, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers;
Generate test case according to the test factor combination of choosing.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the test factor that category of test comprised in the test case is made up, and comprising:
The test factor that described category of test comprised is carried out the cartesian product computing, obtain the test factor combination.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the attribute of test factor comprise following one or more: the number of stoppages that the priority of test factor, test factor write down in test history, the priority of affiliated category of test, level attribute and whether be the test factor that increases newly.
4. as each described method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, from set, choose the test factor combination of some, comprising:
According to test phase, test covering scale or duty cycle, determine the quantity of the test factor combination that needs test;
According to the priority order from high to low of set, from set, choose the test factor combination of respective numbers successively.
5. as each described method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Combination is tested to the test factor in the described test case, and adjusts the value of described respective numbers according to test result; Or/and, according to the test factor combination that is comprised in each set of test result adjustment.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, adjusts the value of respective numbers, comprising:
Determine the percent of pass that test factor combination in the test case is tested, if described percent of pass during more than or equal to the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then reduces the value of described respective numbers; If described percent of pass during less than the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then improves the value of described respective numbers;
Or/and,
According to the test factor combination that is comprised in each set of test result adjustment, comprise: at each the test factor combination in the test case, if the test factor combined test does not pass through, then it is adjusted to priority and be higher than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place; If the test factor combined test passes through, then it is adjusted to priority and be lower than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test factor combination distribution is in the set of respective priority, adopt the concentric circles distributed model, this concentric circles distributed model comprises a plurality of donuts, annulus is corresponding one by one with priority set from high to low successively according to size order from small to large, and is provided with the sequence number of the test factor combination that is comprised in the set of its correspondence in each annulus.
8. the generating apparatus of a test case is characterized in that, comprising:
Test factor combination generation unit, the test factor that is used for category of test is comprised makes up, and generates a plurality of test factor combinations;
Distribution unit, be connected with described test factor combination generation unit, be used for each test factor that described test factor combination generation unit generates is made up, attribute according to each test factor in this test factor combination is determined the priority that this test factor makes up, and according to the priority of this test factor combination this test factor combination is referred in the set of respective priority;
Choose the unit, be connected, be used for from the higher set of priority, choosing the test factor combination of respective numbers according to when the residing test phase of Pretesting, test covering scale or duty cycle with described distribution unit;
The test case generation unit is connected with the described unit of choosing, and is used for generating test case according to the described test factor combination of choosing unit selection.
9. device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described test factor combination generation unit specifically is used for: the test factor that described category of test comprised is carried out the cartesian product computing, obtain the test factor combination.
10. device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, whether described distribution unit is determined the priority of test factor combination, specifically is used for: the priority of determining the test factor combination according to following one or more attributes of each test factor of test factor combination: the number of stoppages that test factor priority, test factor write down in test history, the priority of affiliated category of test, level attribute and be the test factor that increases newly.
11., it is characterized in that the described unit of choosing specifically is used for as each described device of claim 8～10:, determine the quantity of the test factor combination that needs test according to test phase, test covering scale or duty cycle;
According to the priority order from high to low of set, from set, choose the test factor combination of described quantity successively.
12. as each described device of claim 8～10, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Adjustment unit is connected with test factor combination generation unit with described test case generation unit respectively, is used for the test factor combination of described test case is tested, and adjusts the value of described respective numbers according to test result; Or/and, according to the test factor combination that is comprised in each set of test result adjustment.
13. device as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described adjustment unit is adjusted the value of respective numbers, specifically be used for: determine the percent of pass of testing the combination of test case test factor, if described percent of pass during more than or equal to the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, then reduces the value of described respective numbers; If described percent of pass is during less than the percent of pass threshold value that is provided with, the value of high described respective numbers then;
Or/and, the test factor combination that is comprised in each set of described adjustment unit adjustment, specifically be used for:,, then it is adjusted to priority and be higher than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place if the test factor combined test does not pass through at each test factor combination of test case; If the test factor combined test passes through, then it is adjusted to priority and be lower than in the set of gathering at this test factor combination place.
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