CN101975909B - Method for judging failure properties of shielding failure and counterattack of transmission line - Google Patents
Method for judging failure properties of shielding failure and counterattack of transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种输电线路绕击和反击故障性质的判别方法，采用计算机，进行收集和处理数据，针对某次已经发生的输电线路雷击跳闸故障，基于运行单位提供的该输电线路资料、线路跳闸故障资料及利用雷电定位系统查询所得的线路走廊雷电活动信息，并采用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机分析，运用收集和处理的数据，对具体发生雷击跳闸的线路故障杆塔进行仿真还原，比较分析，得出判别结果，基本步骤是：(1)采用计算机收集整理输电线路资料及线路跳闸故障资料；(2)利用雷电定位系统查询故障杆塔走廊内的雷电活动信息；(3)利用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机分析故障塔的防雷性能；(4)防雷性能校核及故障性质判别。其方法简便易行，费用低，便于推广应用。
The invention relates to a method for discriminating the nature of transmission line shielding and counterattack faults. Computers are used to collect and process data. For a certain transmission line lightning tripping fault that has occurred, based on the transmission line data and line tripping provided by the operating unit Fault data and the lightning activity information of the line corridor obtained by using the lightning positioning system, and using the lightning protection simulation analysis program, through computer analysis, using the collected and processed data, simulate and restore the faulty towers of the line that tripped due to lightning strikes, and compare and analyze , to obtain the discrimination results, the basic steps are: (1) use computer to collect and organize transmission line data and line trip fault data; (2) use lightning location system to query the lightning activity information in the faulty tower corridor; (3) use lightning protection simulation The analysis program analyzes the lightning protection performance of the faulty tower through the computer; (4) the lightning protection performance check and the fault nature discrimination. The method is simple and easy to implement, low in cost, and easy to popularize and apply.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及电网防雷领域，特别是一种输电线路绕击和反击故障性质的判别方法，其适用于对输电线路受到雷击造成跳闸故障是绕击还是反击故障性质的判别。The invention relates to the field of electric network lightning protection, in particular to a method for judging the nature of shielding and counterattack faults of transmission lines, which is suitable for judging whether the tripping fault caused by lightning strikes on the transmission line is shielding or counterattack.
背景技术 Background technique
当前，电网雷害事故越来越严重，直接影响了电网的安全稳定运行和供电用电的可靠性。判别已有输电线路雷击故障性质，分析雷击跳闸的具体原因，是指导电网防雷改造的重要参考依据。At present, power grid lightning accidents are becoming more and more serious, directly affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid and the reliability of power supply and consumption. Identifying the nature of lightning strike faults on existing transmission lines and analyzing the specific causes of lightning strike trips are important references for guiding the lightning protection transformation of power grids.
据申请人所知，目前对输电线路雷击跳闸故障性质的判别主要有磁钢棒法和依据雷电定位系统的经验判别法。As far as the applicant knows, the current identification of the nature of lightning trip faults on transmission lines mainly includes the magnetic steel rod method and the empirical identification method based on the lightning location system.
磁钢棒法，是在输电线路杆塔顶部、架空地线或者耦合地线上安装磁钢棒装置，雷电流通过磁钢棒，将会使磁钢棒获得剩磁，由磁钢棒上剩磁的大小和极性来判断出雷电流的大小和极性，通过记录安装点流过磁钢棒的雷电流大小，以及所反映的雷电流方向，从而判断雷击跳闸故障性质是绕击还是反击。The magnetic steel rod method is to install a magnetic steel rod device on the top of the transmission line tower, overhead ground wire or coupling ground wire. When the lightning current passes through the magnetic steel rod, the magnetic steel rod will obtain residual magnetism. The magnitude and polarity of the lightning current can be judged by the magnitude and polarity of the lightning current. By recording the magnitude of the lightning current flowing through the magnetic steel rod at the installation point and the direction of the reflected lightning current, it can be judged whether the nature of the lightning tripping fault is shielding or counterattack.
依据雷电定位系统的经验判别法，其主要依据来源于雷电定位系统的监测数据，当线路发生雷击跳闸后，线路运行维护工作人员将通过查询雷电定位系统测得的雷电流幅值大小，结合线路的故障表现以及在中国电力行业标准《交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合》(DL/T620-1997)中所给出的典型杆塔绕击耐雷水平和反击耐雷水平值进行分析比较，进而判断线路的雷击故障性质是绕击还是反击。According to the empirical discrimination method of the lightning locating system, which is mainly based on the monitoring data from the lightning locating system, when a lightning trip occurs on the line, the line operation and maintenance staff will query the magnitude of the lightning current measured by the lightning locating system, combined with the line Analyze and compare the typical tower shielding lightning withstand level and counter lightning withstand level value given in the Chinese power industry standard "Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination of AC Electrical Installations" (DL/T620-1997), and then judge The nature of the lightning fault on the line is shielding or counterattack.
申请人通过研究和试验发现，运用磁钢棒法和依据雷电定位系统的经验判别法，对输电线路雷击跳闸故障性质的判别存在诸多问题和不足，致使其判别结果的准确性难以保证。运用磁钢棒法需在线路上安装磁钢棒装置，但是所遇到的问题是，采用的磁钢棒的磁性特性与所测雷电流之间的关系难以准确把握，这是由于磁钢棒的配方和生产工艺存在分散性，无法统一确定磁钢棒上剩磁与所测雷电流的准确关系；同时还存在难以预料的情况发生：如已记录雷电流信息的磁钢棒的剩磁易在运输过程中因振动而改变，导致“信息”丢失；再就是，磁钢棒有时还会由于强雷电流出现饱和，其测量精度也受测量环境磁场的影响。这些因素都影响了采用磁钢棒法对输电线路雷击故障性质的准确判断。依据雷电定位系统的经验判别法在使用过程中，由于中国电力行业标准《交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合》(DL/T620-1997)给出的绕击、反击耐雷水平值均为典型杆塔的情况，与实际发生跳闸线路杆塔的具体情况存在差异；且标准中的反击耐雷水平和绕击耐雷水平来源于对计算程序和方法的简化处理，从而导致依据雷电定位系统的经验判别法进行输电线路雷击故障性质的判断会造成失误，其考虑因素不够全面，没有充分考虑线路的实际结构特征以及地形地貌特征，不能准确反映实际线路的绕击和反击耐雷水平，进而也影响了判断所得到的雷击故障性质的准确性。由此可知，根据雷电定位系统直接按照经验人工主观判断，存在不确定性较高、误差较大的缺点。The applicant found through research and tests that there are many problems and deficiencies in the identification of the nature of lightning tripping faults of transmission lines using the magnetic steel rod method and the empirical identification method based on the lightning location system, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the identification results. Using the magnetic steel rod method needs to install a magnetic steel rod device on the line, but the problem encountered is that it is difficult to accurately grasp the relationship between the magnetic properties of the magnetic steel rod used and the measured lightning current. This is because the magnetic steel rod The formula and production process are scattered, and the exact relationship between the residual magnetism on the magnetic steel rod and the measured lightning current cannot be determined uniformly; at the same time, there are unpredictable situations: for example, the residual magnetism of the magnetic steel rod that has recorded lightning current information is easy to Changes due to vibration during transportation lead to loss of "information"; moreover, magnetic steel rods sometimes become saturated due to strong lightning currents, and their measurement accuracy is also affected by the measurement environment's magnetic field. These factors have affected the accurate judgment of the nature of lightning strike faults on transmission lines using the magnetic steel rod method. According to the empirical discrimination method of the lightning location system, during the use process, the shielding and counter-attack lightning resistance levels given by the Chinese power industry standard "Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination of AC Electrical Installations" (DL/T620-1997) are typical The situation of the tower is different from the specific situation of the actual trip line tower; and the counter-strike lightning resistance level and shielding lightning resistance level in the standard are derived from the simplified processing of the calculation procedures and methods, which leads to the empirical discrimination method based on the lightning location system. The judgment of the nature of the lightning strike fault on the transmission line will cause mistakes. The consideration factors are not comprehensive enough, the actual structural characteristics of the line and the topographical features are not fully considered, and the shielding and counter-attack lightning resistance level of the actual line cannot be accurately reflected, which in turn affects the judgment. The accuracy of the lightning fault nature. It can be seen that, according to the lightning location system, the manual subjective judgment directly according to experience has the disadvantages of high uncertainty and large error.
中国专利文献公开的“一种交流输电线路雷电绕击与反击的识别方法”(申请号：200810058558.X)是，在保护安装处的行波分析与测距高速采集系统中，利用小波分析提取零模电流在不同频带下的能量，根据能量分布的特征来区分雷电绕击故障与反击故障。申请人经过分析和研究认为，该方法依赖于交流系统保护安装处的行波分析与测距高速采集系统，该方法应用效果与该采集系统的精度、稳定性、可靠性有着很大的关系，将直接影响到最终的分析判断结果。"A method for identification of AC transmission line lightning shielding and counterattack" disclosed in Chinese patent literature (application number: 200810058558.X) is to use wavelet analysis to extract The energy of zero-mode current in different frequency bands is used to distinguish lightning shielding faults and counterattack faults according to the characteristics of energy distribution. After analysis and research, the applicant believes that this method relies on the traveling wave analysis and ranging high-speed acquisition system at the installation place of the AC system protection, and the application effect of this method has a great relationship with the accuracy, stability and reliability of the acquisition system. It will directly affect the final analysis and judgment results.
中国专利文献公开的“输电线路雷电绕击、反击判别器”(申请号：200810073599.6)是，在线路上安装装置(包括电流传感器、数据传输模块、数据处理模块、信号传输装置、显示单元)，通过采集电流的方向，判断绕击还是反击。该发明存在的不足是，需要在线路上加装装置，从而增加了因安装装置而给线路安全运行带来的隐患，同时也增加了设备成本及其安装维护费用。The "lightning shielding and counterattack discriminator for transmission line" disclosed in Chinese patent literature (application number: 200810073599.6) is to install a device (including a current sensor, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a signal transmission device, and a display unit) on the line. Collect the direction of the current to judge whether to attack or counterattack. The disadvantage of this invention is that additional devices need to be installed on the line, thereby increasing the hidden dangers brought by the installation of the device to the safe operation of the line, and also increasing the cost of equipment and its installation and maintenance costs.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是，针对现有技术的不足，提出一种输电线路绕击和反击故障性质的判别方法。具体的说，是针对输电线路绕击和反击故障性质，利用雷电定位系统和防雷仿真分析程序，由计算机运用、处理、分析涉及具体的输电线路绕击和反击故障的各种数据，通过比较进行判别的方法。The object of the present invention is to propose a method for discriminating the nature of shielding and counterattack faults of transmission lines, aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art. Specifically, according to the nature of the shielding and counterattack faults of transmission lines, using the lightning positioning system and lightning protection simulation analysis program, the computer uses, processes, and analyzes various data related to specific transmission line shielding and counterattack faults. method of discrimination.
本发明的技术解决方案是，采用计算机，进行收集和处理数据，其特征在于，针对某次已经发生的输电线路雷击跳闸故障，基于运行单位提供的该输电线路资料、线路跳闸故障资料及利用雷电定位系统查询所得的线路走廊雷电活动信息，并采用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机分析，运用收集和处理的数据，对具体发生雷击跳闸的线路故障杆塔进行仿真还原，比较分析，得出判别结果，基本步骤如下：The technical solution of the present invention is to use a computer to collect and process data, which is characterized in that, for a certain transmission line lightning tripping fault that has occurred, based on the transmission line data provided by the operating unit, the line tripping fault data and the use of lightning The lightning activity information of the line corridor obtained by the positioning system is queried, and the lightning protection simulation analysis program is used to analyze and use the collected and processed data through computer analysis to simulate, restore, compare and analyze the faulty towers of the line that have tripped due to lightning strikes, and obtain the discrimination results , the basic steps are as follows:
(1)采用计算机收集整理输电线路资料及线路跳闸故障资料(1) Use computer to collect and organize transmission line data and line trip fault data
输电线路资料及线路跳闸故障资料包括线路雷击跳闸的故障信息、线路结构特征信息、线路地理特征信息，其中，线路雷击跳闸的故障信息包括雷击跳闸时间、线路名称、线路巡线结果、故障表现及损失情况；线路结构特征信息包括故障杆塔及其相邻杆塔的杆塔型号、几何尺寸、绝缘配置、档距长度、接地电阻多个参数；线路地理特征信息包括故障塔及相邻塔的经纬度坐标、海拔高度、地形地貌多个参数，地形地貌包括平地、沿坡、爬坡、山顶、山谷、跨山谷的具体数据；Transmission line data and line trip fault data include line lightning trip fault information, line structure feature information, and line geographical feature information. Among them, line lightning trip fault information includes lightning trip time, line name, line inspection results, fault performance and Loss situation; line structural feature information includes the tower model, geometric size, insulation configuration, span length, and grounding resistance of the faulty tower and its adjacent towers; line geographical feature information includes the longitude and latitude coordinates of the faulty tower and adjacent towers, Multiple parameters of altitude and topography. Topography includes specific data of flat land, along slope, climbing, mountain top, valley, and across valley;
(2)利用雷电定位系统查询故障杆塔走廊内的雷电活动信息(2) Use the lightning location system to query the lightning activity information in the corridor of the faulty tower
依据运行单位提供的雷击跳闸时间和线路名称，以雷电定位系统为平台，查询雷击跳闸时间段内该故障杆塔走廊落雷宽度内的雷电活动情况，获取该时间段内的雷电活动信息，其中包括雷电发生的GPS时间、经纬度坐标、极性和雷电流幅值；According to the lightning trip time and line name provided by the operating unit, use the lightning location system as a platform to query the lightning activity within the lightning width of the faulty tower corridor within the lightning trip time period, and obtain the lightning activity information during the time period, including lightning The GPS time, latitude and longitude coordinates, polarity and lightning current magnitude of the occurrence;
(3)利用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机分析故障塔的防雷性能(3) Use the lightning protection simulation analysis program to analyze the lightning protection performance of the faulty tower through the computer
结合输电线路的结构特征信息和地理特征信息，利用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机输入故障杆塔及其相邻杆塔的几何尺寸、绝缘配置、档距长度、接地电阻、地形地貌多个参数，分析得到故障杆塔的反击耐雷水平、绕击耐雷水平以及最大绕击雷电流值；Combining the structural feature information and geographical feature information of the transmission line, using the lightning protection simulation analysis program, input the geometric dimensions, insulation configuration, span length, grounding resistance, and topographic features of the faulty tower and its adjacent towers through the computer, and analyze Obtain the counter-attack lightning resistance level, shielding lightning resistance level and maximum shielding lightning current value of the faulty tower;
(4)防雷性能校核及故障性质判别(4) Lightning protection performance check and fault nature judgment
将步骤(3)中分析得到的故障杆塔反击耐雷水平、绕击耐雷水平以及最大绕击雷电流值与步骤(2)中利用雷电定位系统查询所得的雷电流幅值进行比对并作出判别，从而得出线路雷击跳闸故障性质是绕击还是反击。Comparing the lightning resistance level, shielding lightning resistance level and maximum shielding lightning current value of the faulty tower analyzed in step (3) with the lightning current amplitude obtained by using the lightning location system in step (2), and making a judgment, Thus it can be concluded that the nature of the line lightning tripping fault is shielding or counterattack.
其特征在于，所述的线路雷击跳闸时间段、杆塔的落雷宽度分别按以下方法确定：It is characterized in that, the lightning trip time period of the line and the lightning width of the tower are respectively determined according to the following methods:
A、线路雷击跳闸时间段的选择要依据运行单位所提供的跳闸时间；A. The selection of the line lightning tripping time period should be based on the tripping time provided by the operating unit;
B、杆塔的落雷宽度采用计算公式得到：W＝b+4hs，单位m；其中，b为杆塔两根避雷线之间的水平距离，单位m；hs为避雷线对地平均高度，单位m。B. The lightning width of the tower is obtained by the calculation formula: W=b+4h s , unit m; among them, b is the horizontal distance between the two lightning protection lines of the tower, unit m; h s is the average height of the lightning protection line to the ground, unit m.
本发明的优点是，能充分运用运行单位提供的输电线路资料、线路跳闸故障资料及雷电定位系统查询所得的线路走廊雷电活动信息，来客观的实事求是地作出正确的关于已经发生的输电线路雷击跳闸故障的判别，方法简便易行，行之有效，费用低，便于推广应用。本发明不需要在线路上另外安装其它的监测装置，从而有效地避免了因安装其它的监测装置而给输电线路的安全运行带来隐患的不足，也省去了不必要的设备成本及其安装维护费用；同时也克服了以往根据雷电定位系统直接按照经验人工主观判断所存在的不确定性较高、误差较大的缺点。本发明依据线路的雷电活动，充分考虑线路结构、地形地貌的特征，将具体的雷击故障杆塔作为分析对象，利用防雷仿真分析程序通过计算机进行分析，得到的结果准确、快捷、客观。本发明的推广应用，将会有效地帮助输电线路运行维护部门判断线路雷击故障的性质和了解雷击故障的原因，更加科学地指导输电线路防雷改造。The advantage of the present invention is that it can make full use of the transmission line data provided by the operating unit, the line tripping fault data and the lightning activity information of the line corridor obtained by the lightning location system to objectively and realistically make correct information about the lightning tripping of the transmission line that has occurred The fault discrimination method is simple and easy to implement, effective, low in cost, and convenient for popularization and application. The present invention does not need to install other monitoring devices on the line, thereby effectively avoiding the hidden dangers caused by the installation of other monitoring devices to the safe operation of the transmission line, and also saving unnecessary equipment costs and installation and maintenance At the same time, it also overcomes the shortcomings of high uncertainty and large errors that existed in manual subjective judgments directly based on experience based on lightning positioning systems. According to the lightning activity of the line, the present invention fully considers the line structure and the characteristics of the topography, takes the specific lightning strike fault tower as the analysis object, and uses the lightning protection simulation analysis program to analyze through the computer, and the obtained result is accurate, fast and objective. The popularization and application of the present invention will effectively help the transmission line operation and maintenance department to judge the nature of the line lightning strike fault and understand the cause of the lightning strike fault, and more scientifically guide the lightning protection transformation of the transmission line.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1、本发明的流程图。Fig. 1, flow chart of the present invention.
图2、由杆塔支撑的输电线路在山坡上的示意图Figure 2. Schematic diagram of a transmission line supported by a tower on a hillside
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面，结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步地说明。Below, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，按照本发明提出的技术解决方案在实施中，针对某次已经发生的输电线路雷击跳闸故障，基于运行单位提供的该输电线路资料、线路跳闸故障资料及利用雷电定位系统查询所得的线路走廊雷电活动信息，并采用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机分析，运用收集和处理的数据，对具体发生雷击跳闸的线路故障杆塔进行仿真还原，比较分析，得出判别结果，具体采用以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, according to the technical solution proposed by the present invention in the implementation, for a transmission line lightning tripping fault that has occurred once, based on the transmission line data, line tripping fault data and the use of lightning location system query provided by the operating unit The obtained lightning activity information of the line corridor is used in the lightning protection simulation analysis program, through computer analysis, using the collected and processed data to simulate and restore the faulty towers of the line that have tripped by lightning, compare and analyze, and obtain the discrimination results. The following steps:
(1)采用计算机收集整理输电线路信息(输电线路资料及线路跳闸故障资料)(1) Use computer to collect and organize transmission line information (transmission line data and line trip fault data)
给定需要进行雷击跳闸故障性质判别的输电线路信息，包括线路雷击跳闸的故障信息(包括雷击跳闸时间、线路名称、线路巡线结果、故障表现及损失等参数)、线路结构特征信息(包括故障杆塔及相邻杆塔的杆塔型号、几何尺寸、绝缘配置、档距长度、接地电阻等参数)、线路地理特征信息(包括故障塔及相邻塔的经纬度坐标、海拔高度、地形地貌多个参数，地形地貌包括平地、沿坡、爬坡、山顶、山谷、跨山谷的具体数据)；Given the transmission line information that needs to be identified for the nature of the lightning tripping fault, including the fault information of the line lightning tripping (including lightning tripping time, line name, line inspection results, fault performance and loss and other parameters), line structure characteristic information (including fault The tower model, geometric size, insulation configuration, span length, grounding resistance and other parameters of the tower and adjacent towers), geographical feature information of the line (including latitude and longitude coordinates, altitude, topography and other parameters of the faulty tower and adjacent towers, Topography and landforms include specific data on flat land, along slopes, climbing slopes, mountain tops, valleys, and across valleys);
(2)利用雷电定位系统查询雷电监测信息(2) Use the lightning location system to query lightning monitoring information
依据运行单位提供的雷击跳闸时间和线路名称，利用雷电定位系统，查询在线路雷击跳闸时间段内该故障杆塔落雷宽度内的雷电活动情况，获取雷电信息，获取的雷电信息包括雷电发生的GPS时间、经纬度坐标、极性和雷电流幅值；According to the lightning trip time and line name provided by the operating unit, use the lightning positioning system to query the lightning activity within the lightning width of the faulty tower within the line lightning trip time period, and obtain lightning information, including the GPS time of lightning occurrence , longitude and latitude coordinates, polarity and lightning current amplitude;
线路雷击跳闸时间段、杆塔的落雷宽度分别按以下方法确定：The lightning trip time period of the line and the lightning width of the tower are determined according to the following methods:
A、线路雷击跳闸时间段的选择要依据运行单位所提供的跳闸时间；A. The selection of the line lightning tripping time period should be based on the tripping time provided by the operating unit;
若运行单位提供的跳闸时间精确到“分”级，则查询跳闸时间前后一分钟之内的雷电活动情况；若运行单位提供的跳闸时间精确到“秒”级或更精确的级别，则查询跳闸时间前后一秒钟之内的雷电活动情况；If the tripping time provided by the operating unit is accurate to the "minute" level, query the lightning activity within one minute before and after the tripping time; if the tripping time provided by the operating unit is accurate to the "second" level or more precise level, then query the trip Lightning activity within one second before and after time;
B、杆塔的落雷宽度采用我国现行电力行业标准DL/T620-1997《交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合》中给定的计算公式：W＝b+4hs，单位m；其中，b为杆塔两根避雷线之间的水平距离，单位m；hs为避雷线对地平均高度，单位m。B. The lightning strike width of the pole tower adopts the calculation formula given in China's current power industry standard DL/T620-1997 "Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination of AC Electrical Installations": W=b+4h s , unit m; where b is The horizontal distance between the two lightning protection lines of the tower, in m; h s is the average height of the lightning protection line to the ground, in m.
(3)故障杆塔防雷性能分析(3) Analysis of lightning protection performance of faulty towers
结合输电线路中故障杆塔及其相邻杆塔的结构特征信息和地理特征信息，利用防雷仿真分析程序，输入故障杆塔及其相邻杆塔的几何尺寸、绝缘配置、档距长度、接地电阻、地形地貌等参数，通过计算机分析，得到故障杆塔的反击耐雷水平、绕击耐雷水平以及最大绕击雷电流幅值；Combining the structural feature information and geographic feature information of the faulty tower and its adjacent towers in the transmission line, using the lightning protection simulation analysis program, input the geometric dimensions, insulation configuration, span length, grounding resistance, and terrain of the faulty tower and its adjacent towers Geomorphology and other parameters, through computer analysis, get the counter-attack lightning resistance level, shielding lightning resistance level and maximum shielding lightning current amplitude of the faulty tower;
(4)防雷性能的校核与雷击故障性质的判别(4) Checking of lightning protection performance and discrimination of nature of lightning strike faults
根据步骤(2)中利用雷电定位系统查询所得的雷电流幅值，与步骤(3)中通过计算机分析得到的故障杆塔的绕击耐雷水平、反击耐雷水平、最大绕击电流幅值相比较，进行雷击故障性质判别：According to the lightning current amplitude inquired by the lightning location system in step (2), compare it with the shielding lightning resistance level, counter-attack lightning resistance level, and maximum shielding current amplitude of the faulty tower obtained through computer analysis in step (3), Identify the nature of lightning strike faults:
若雷电流幅值大于反击耐雷水平，确定为反击；If the amplitude of the lightning current is greater than the counter-attack lightning withstand level, it is determined to be a counter-attack;
若雷电流幅值大于绕击耐雷水平，且小于等于最大绕击电流幅值，确定为绕击。If the lightning current amplitude is greater than the shielding lightning withstand level and less than or equal to the maximum shielding current amplitude, it is determined to be a shielding strike.
下面是本发明对发生雷击引起跳闸故障的性质进行判别的一个例子，本发明对2009年8月16日某500kV输电线路发生雷击跳闸故障是绕击还是反击的故障性质进行了判别。The following is an example of the present invention discriminating the nature of the tripping fault caused by lightning strikes. The present invention discriminates whether the lightning tripping fault occurred on a 500kV transmission line on August 16, 2009, whether it was a shielding strike or a counterattack.
首先，依据运行单位提供的该线路的雷击跳闸故障信息、线路结构特征信息以及线路地形地貌信息获悉，2009年8月16日15时38分该500kV线路A相跳闸，后自动重合成功，运行单位巡线结果证明故障杆塔为47#杆塔，该杆塔型号为ZBV2-45，绝缘子片数和类型为28×XWP2-160，接地电阻为3.6欧姆。如图2所示，该杆塔位于山坡的一侧并接近山顶，。First of all, according to the lightning tripping fault information, line structure characteristic information and line topography information provided by the operating unit, the 500kV line A phase tripped at 15:38 on August 16, 2009, and then the automatic reclosing was successful. The operating unit The line inspection results proved that the faulty tower was 47# tower, the model of the tower was ZBV2-45, the number and type of insulators were 28×XWP2-160, and the grounding resistance was 3.6 ohms. As shown in Figure 2, the tower is located on one side of the hillside and close to the top of the hill.
根据运行单位提供的雷击跳闸时间和线路名称，利用雷电定位系统查询雷击跳闸时间段内该故障杆塔走廊落雷宽度内的雷电活动情况，获取该时间段内的雷电活动信息。运行单位提供的跳闸时间为2009年8月16日15时38分，通过查询2009年8月16日15时38分前后1分钟内故障杆塔47#杆塔走廊落雷宽度内的雷电活动信息，得到的雷电流幅值为29.1kA。According to the lightning trip time and line name provided by the operating unit, use the lightning location system to query the lightning activity within the lightning width of the faulty tower corridor within the lightning trip time period, and obtain the lightning activity information during this time period. The tripping time provided by the operating unit is 15:38 on August 16, 2009. By inquiring about the lightning activity information within 1 minute before and after 15:38 on August 16, 2009, within the lightning width of the faulty tower 47# tower corridor, the obtained The lightning current amplitude is 29.1kA.
根据线路的杆塔尺寸参数、绝缘特征参数、接地电阻参数、海拔高度参数，地形地貌参数，利用防雷仿真分析程序，通过计算机分析，得到47#杆塔绕击耐雷水平为14.5kA，反击耐雷水平为135kA，最大绕击电流为31.4kA。According to the line tower size parameters, insulation characteristic parameters, grounding resistance parameters, altitude parameters, topography parameters, using the lightning protection simulation analysis program, through computer analysis, it is obtained that the shielding lightning resistance level of the 47# tower is 14.5kA, and the counter lightning resistance level is 135kA, the maximum shielding current is 31.4kA.
将雷电定位系统查询所得的雷电流幅值与防雷仿真分析程序输出的绕击耐雷水平、反击耐雷水平和最大绕击电流相比较，因为雷电定位系统查询得到的雷电流幅值29.1kA大于故障杆塔的绕击耐雷水平14.5kA，小于最大绕击电流31.4kA。依据上述分析比较结果判别：2009年8月16日某500kV输电线路发生雷击造成的跳闸故障，是绕击故障性质。Compare the lightning current amplitude queried by the lightning locating system with the shielding lightning resistance level, counter-attack lightning resistance level and maximum shielding current output by the lightning protection simulation analysis program, because the lightning current amplitude 29.1kA obtained by the lightning locating system is greater than the fault The shielding lightning resistance level of the tower is 14.5kA, which is less than the maximum shielding current of 31.4kA. Based on the above analysis and comparison results, it can be judged that the tripping fault caused by a lightning strike on a 500kV transmission line on August 16, 2009 was the nature of the shielding fault.
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