Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned prior art present situation, the method of permanganate index in a kind of molecular spectrum absorption process fast measuring water is provided, it can be by the mensuration to unnecessary reductive agent under the condition of normal temperature, realize rapidly and efficiently, the accurate detection, and it is few to have the turbidity influence, characteristics such as agents useful for same safety and environmental protection are particularly suitable for meeting an urgent need, the exploitation and the use of the instrument in on-line monitoring, flow injection field.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the method for permanganate index in a kind of molecular spectrum absorption process fast measuring water, this method comprises that at first choosing color comparison tube extracts water sample, and add after an amount of sulfuric acid makes it be acidity, add the permanganate solution of 0.01umol/L to 0.2umol/L again and in the reactor heating of 100 degree, heat certain hour, taking-up is behind natural cooling, clear up remaining permanganate then with nitrite as reductive agent reduction and add excessive, reacted 3 to 5 minutes, behind the constant volume, the 1ml reactant liquor of taking-up behind constant volume is positioned in the 25ml color comparison tube, once more behind the constant volume, add citric acid-ethanolic solution again, in the medium of citric acid, be catalyzer with ethanol, nitrite moment is converted into nitrogen dioxide, and is written into gas molecule in space to absorbing in the light pipe, measure light absorption value at 213.9 nano wave length places with carrier gas.
The further technical measures of being taked also comprise:
Above-mentioned mensuration light absorption value adopts molecular absorption spectrometer to detect.
The above-mentioned color comparison tube of choosing is the 10ml color comparison tube, and extracts water sample 5ml, adds 3ml sulfuric acid 1+3 and 0.5ml potassium permanganate 1/5KMnO4=0.01mol/l, and heating is 30 minutes in 100 degree DG200 reactor heatings, and the cooling back adds 100mg/l nitrite 0.7ml.
Citric acid-the ethanolic solution of above-mentioned adding is C=0.5mol/L citric acid+10% ethanol.
It is pure that above-mentioned potassium permanganate, sulfuric acid, citric acid-ethanolic solution, nitrite are analysis.
Above-mentioned carrier gas nitrogen input pressure is 0.2MP, and the zinc hollow cathode lamp current of described molecular absorption spectrometer is 2.5Ma, and measuring peak height integral time is 2.0min.
Compared with prior art, the present invention as reductive agent, by the mode of indirect determination nitrite, has set up the quick quantitative analytic method of the permanganate index in the water with nitrite.After permanganate in the water sample adds sulfuric acid oxidation, reduce, measure nitrite, indirect determination permanganate index with molecular spectrum absorption process method again with nitrite.The result shows that the scope that detects of method is 0~9mg/l, detection limit 0.27mg/l, and average recovery rate 96.9~102.5%, relative standard deviation 3.1~5.2% is not higher than 10%.This method can be carried out unnecessary nitrite and be measured under the condition of normal temperature, have and measure fast, the accuracy height, the turbidity influence is few, advantages such as the few and safety and environmental protection of agents useful for same amount are particularly suitable for meeting an urgent need, the exploitation and the use of the instrument in on-line monitoring, flow injection field.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
The method of permanganate index in a kind of molecular spectrum absorption process fast measuring water of the present invention, this method comprises that at first choosing color comparison tube extracts water sample, and add after an amount of sulfuric acid makes it be acidity, add the permanganate solution of 0.01umol/L to 0.2umol/L again and in the reactor heating of 100 degree, heat certain hour, taking-up is behind natural cooling, clear up remaining permanganate then with nitrite as reductive agent reduction and add excessive, reacted 3 to 5 minutes, behind the constant volume, the 1ml reactant liquor of taking-up behind constant volume is positioned in the 25ml color comparison tube, once more behind the constant volume, adding citric acid-ethanolic solution again, is catalyzer with ethanol in the medium of citric acid, and nitrite moment is converted into nitrogen dioxide, and be written into gas molecule in space to absorbing in the light pipe with carrier gas, measure light absorption value at 213.9 nano wave length places.
For obtaining better technique effect, improve accuracy of detection, the present invention also comprises:
Above-mentioned mensuration light absorption value adopts molecular absorption spectrometer to detect.
The above-mentioned color comparison tube of choosing is the 10ml color comparison tube, and extraction water sample 5ml, add 3ml sulfuric acid 1+3 and 0.5ml potassium permanganate 1/5KMnO4=0.01mol/l, heating is 30 minutes in 100 degree DG200 reactor heatings, and the cooling back adds 100mg/l nitrite 0.7ml.
Above-mentioned adding citric acid-ethanolic solution is C=0.5mol/L citric acid+10% ethanol.
It is pure that above-mentioned potassium permanganate, sulfuric acid, citric acid-ethanolic solution, nitrite are analysis.
Above-mentioned carrier gas nitrogen input pressure is 0.2MP, and the zinc hollow cathode lamp current of described molecular absorption spectrometer is 2.5Ma, and measuring peak height integral time is 2.0min.
The present invention adopts molecular absorption spectrometer to detect and the heating of DG200 reactor heating, and be reductive agent with the sodium nitrite, can detect at normal temperatures, result of study shows, it is good that this method has fast and convenient, highly sensitive precision, advantages such as the reagent sample size is few, and cost is low, and the turbidity influence is few, and environmental protection, non-secondary pollution helps realizing testing process robotization and laboratory information management, is particularly suitable for meeting an urgent need, the exploitation and the use of the instrument in on-line monitoring, flow injection field.This method can obtain promising result through test of many times.Its principle, parameter and result are as follows:
1, detects principle
After water sample adding sulfuric acid is acidity, add the permanganate solution of 0.01umol/L to 0.2umol/L and heat certain hours at 100 degree boiling water baths, remaining permanganate with sodium nitrite reduction and add excessive, add citric acid-ethanolic solution again, in the medium of citric acid, adding ethanol is catalyzer, and nitrite moment is converted into NO2, be written into gas molecule in space with carrier gas and absorb in the light pipe, measure light absorption value at 213.9 nano wave length places.
2, experimental section
2.1 instrument and reagent:
Molecular absorption spectrometer adopts the abundant company in north, Shanghai product, and the DG200 reactor heating is a Hash company product.Reagent is potassium permanganate 1/5KMnO4=0.01mol/l, 1+3 sulfuric acid, citric acid-ethanolic solution, and it is pure that C=0.5mol/L citric acid+10% ethanol, 100mg/l nitrite, above reagent are analysis.
2.2 test method:
Get the 10ml color comparison tube, draw samples 5ml, add 0.5ml potassium permanganate, 3ml sulfuric acid 1+3 was in 100 degree DG200 reactor heating heating 30 minutes, the cooling back adds 100mg/l sodium nitrite 0.7ml, reacted 3-5 minute, getting the 1ml reactant liquor is settled in the 25ml color comparison tube, add citric acid-ethanolic solution again, C=0.5mol/L citric acid+10% ethanol is a catalyzer with ethanol in the medium of citric acid, and nitrite moment is converted into nitrogen dioxide, and be written into gas molecule in space to absorbing in the light pipe with carrier gas, measure light absorption value at 213.9 nano wave length places.
2.3 the influence of type of heating:
Is that the standard solution of 4.2mg/L heats with water-bath and DG200 reactor heating to concentration, and replication shows that two kinds of type of heating do not have obvious influence to test result for 3 times, can the phase trans-substitution.
2.4 condition of work:
Zinc hollow cathode lamp current: 2.5Ma; Operation wavelength 213.9nm; Nitrogen input pressure is 0.2MP; Measuring method: peak height; Integral time 2.0min
3, result and discussion
3.1 the selection of reductive agent:
Nitrite is few for the inorganic reaction intermediate product with the permanganate reaction.Molecular absorption spectrometry is applicable to the mensuration of all kinds of water such as seawater surface water industrial sewage, and the scope that detects is big by 1.
3.2 the selection of acidity:
Clear up finish after, press the chemical equation EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATION FOR PROCESS, add to wait mole nitrite NO2-N100mg/l reduction.Through test, can directly advance molecular absorption spectrometer after clearing up and detect, peracidity does not have obviously influence to measuring.
3.3 the elimination of disturbing:
Because it is oxidized that water sample is cleared up in the water sample of back reducing substances such as original sulphite, do not influence mensuration; Permanganates etc. are by reduction such as nitrite, and concentration is hanged down and also do not influenced mensuration.
3.4 the making of working curve:
Get and newly join 9.60mg/l permanganate standard solution 0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5 ... 5.0, respectively by the experimental procedure operation, measure absorbance and production standard curve, typical curve is Y=0.0364x+5E-5, the range of linearity of permanganate index is 0.0~9mg/L, related coefficient is 0.999, detects to be limited to 0.27mg/L.
3.5 the detection of sample and the recovery and precision:
Get each 2 in variable concentrations standard solution and sample, detect, try to achieve permanganate index, the results are shown in following table with calibration curve method by experimental technique:
The mensuration of permanganate index
Sample |
Average mg/L
* |
Add scalar |
Measured value |
Recovery of standard addition % |
Repetition rate % |
Standard 1 (203138) |
7.44 |
3.72 |
11.12 |
98.9 |
3.1 |
Standard 2 (203137) |
2.38 |
2.38 |
4.82 |
102.5 |
4.7 |
Sample 1 |
8.21 |
5.21 |
13.26 |
96.9 |
5.2 |
Sample 2 |
2.15 |
4.22 |
6.38 |
100.2 |
3.4 |
More than all replicate determinations 5 times.
3.6 the comparison of different analytical approachs:
Through check, this law and GB monitoring result do not have obvious difference.
4, conclusion:
Adopt the DG200 reactor heating to clear up, after the nitrite reduction, directly carry out method for measuring with the molecule absorption atomic absorption spectrography (AAS).The result shows that the scope that detects of method is 0~9mg/l, detection limit 0.27mg/l, and average recovery rate 96.9~102.5%, relative standard deviation 3.1~5.2% is not higher than 10%.This method has to be measured fast, the accuracy height, and the turbidity influence is few, and the characteristics of agents useful for same safety and environmental protection are particularly suitable for meeting an urgent need, the exploitation and the use of the instrument in on-line monitoring, flow injection field.
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, and various variations or the remodeling made by those of ordinary skills can not depart from the scope of the present invention.