CN1019725B - Statistical measurement equipment and telecommunication system using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to measuring equipment (SMC) in a telecommunication switching system for checking whether each unit rate in a plurality of multiplexing individual information unit flows at the same line maintains at a permitted range of the multiplexing of each unit. The measuring equipment (SMC) checks whether expected probability exceeding the unit speed rate is exceeded at the tail end of each measuring interval (MTI) for much unit speed rate for the purpose. Under the condition of exceeding, the unit speed rate is limited by abandoning units. In this way, a complementary cumulative probability distribution function (corresponding to L) of expected unit speed rate is approximate to a step wave function.

Description

Statistical measurement equipment and telecommunication system using same

The present invention relates to a kind of statistical measurement, to determine the statistical-reference value of a variable.

According to belgian patent application NO 08701481 and international patent application NO PCT/EP 88/00594(P.JOOSI), above-mentioned a kind of like this statistical measurement has been known, it has utilized and has constituted the equipment according to the part of the telecommunication switching system of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) work, promptly wherein data are to be transmitted with the form that unit (cell) or bit (bits) wrap, and a variable cell rate is arranged.If satisfy a distribute type, then allow an independent unit stream (cell stream) to be multiplexed on the same telecommunication line in other multiplexing on the telecommunication line independent unit stream with a plurality of.This distribute type is based on the desired value of the cell rate average of this independent unit stream and the method for probability-distribution function, allow bandwidth also based on the desired value of the average of the cell rate of each and the variance of probability-distribution function in the independent unit stream of multiplexing other on this circuit above-mentioned, and based on the maximum of this circuit.This distribute type is promptly supposed the compound normal probability paper distribution function that produced of quite a large amount of irrelevant probability-distribution functions based on a kind of like this hypothesis, and this draws according to central-limit theorem.Yet, because average and variance can not effectively define the random probability distribution function of the cell rate of a unit stream, if and the multiplexing number of unit stream is relative low (for example 10), then this combination probability distributing function may be away from a normal probability paper distribution function.Thereby use above-mentioned distribute type may on communication line, produce a kind of overload.

Also as above-mentioned patent documentation described in known statistical measurement, it can measure the average and the variance yields of the cell rate of each multiplexing independent unit stream.Whether the purpose of this measurement is to be operated within its multiplexing limit that circuit allowed by the source of checking this unit stream.To this purpose, this measuring equipment is determined each average and variance yields of the cell rate of stream separately in more detail with the reception of each unit of this independent unit stream, and this measured value and each desired value above-mentioned are compared.According to the result of this comparison, received unit or get permission further to handle or be dropped.But, because the probability-distribution function of this multiplexing cell rate is not a normal distyribution function, therefore this Device Errors ground may take place allow further processed situation of a unit.

As seen from the above description, error might be because the probability-distribution function of the cell rate of each unit stream can not always be determined by its average and variance effectively.The generation that more specifically, it has been found error in particular due to the fact that, promptly the afterbody of the probability-distribution function of this cell rate can not be determined by these two parameters effectively.

An object of the present invention is to provide the statistical measurement method of a above-mentioned type, but this method allow the probability-distribution function of variable use than above-mentioned known average and variance parameter more accurately method determine.

According to the present invention, this goal of the invention is to be achieved because of such fact, be that statistical method of the present invention comprises the step that is used for measuring at each measurement extremity of an interval at least above-mentioned variate-value, with the step that is used for then according at least one counter of step-length stepping, this step-length is the function of above-mentioned tested value, several step-lengths are determined so like this, so that after a plurality of time intervals, above-mentioned counter surpasses the corresponding predetermined value of above-mentioned variable with the deviation (with one or more desired values) of position indication probability.

Another feature of statistical measurement method of the present invention is that the predetermined value of above-mentioned variable is separated into some intervals, different above-mentioned counter step values are assigned to these intervals, measure this variable by the interval that definite variable belongs to, and the deviation (with desired value) of the position of above-mentioned counter indication probability surpasses the above-mentioned predetermined value of above-mentioned variable.

The feature that statistical measurement method of the present invention also has is that above-mentioned counter advances from a direction or other direction, this direction depends on the measured value of above-mentioned variable, and this measured value belongs to the interval of the value of selecting one side in the above-mentioned predetermined value of above-mentioned variable or the interval of opposite side.

Another feature that statistical measurement method of the present invention also has is, it further comprises uses the device relevant with above-mentioned counter, detect above-mentioned counter when reach maximum allowable offset indicating positions step and use device with the above-mentioned detection device coupling, when above-mentioned detection device detects above-mentioned maximum allowable offset, reduce above-mentioned deviation by the value that changes above-mentioned variable, thereby reduce the step of above-mentioned probability.

In this way can limit the respective value that some probability surpass this variable predetermined value, thereby suitably prison shows this variable.

Another feature of statistical measurement method of the present invention is that it comprises the step that can carry out the different counter step-length group of distributing to different interval groups with a plurality of said counting devices, and above-mentioned group all intervals is separated by the continuous predetermined value of above-mentioned variable.

The feature that method of the present invention also has is that it comprises with a plurality of checkout gears in the corresponding above-mentioned counter respectively, the step when detecting counter when and reaching the indicating positions of a maximum allowable offset; With with being coupled to the device of above-mentioned detection device, when at least one above-mentioned checkout gear has detected a maximum allowable offset and when this moment, this variable had a value that surpasses the predetermined value select, reduce said deviation step by changing this variable.

In this way, according to a staircase waveform function, the restriction probability is no more than the predetermined value of this variable.Thereby realize the approaching of desired complementation (with respect to a 1) cumulative distribution function of this variable.

The invention still further relates to a telecommunication switching system, this system has a plurality of subscriber stations, these subscriber stations are coupled to a switching network by the statistical measurement of a above-mentioned type, and variable is the cell rate of a unit stream, and this unit stream is to be produced by an above-mentioned subscriber station at least.

By with reference to the description of a following embodiment together with accompanying drawing, above mentioned and the other objects and features of the invention will become more obvious, can better cleavage invention itself, wherein:

Fig. 1 is to use a statistical measurement SME of method of the present invention and comprises the schematic diagram of a telecommunication switching system part of this statistical measurement;

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have represented a statistical measurement circuit SMC in more detail, and it has constituted the part of statistical measurement shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 shows a complementary accumulation gaussian probability distribution function and other parameter of changing cell speed, is used for the work of key diagram 1 apparatus shown;

Fig. 5 shows a probability-distribution function of changing cell speed, also is used for the work of key diagram 1 apparatus shown;

Fig. 6 illustrates in greater detail the memory MEM part among Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows the ATM(asynchronous transfer mode) packet or data cell telecommunication system, comprising a digital exchanging network DSN, this network has for example belgian patent NO 905982(De prycker et al 2-2) disclosed pattern.This numeral hands over network DSN to have a plurality of input II-I IN and output OI～ON, and they are of coupled connections through input and output multiplexed line and statistical measurement and subscriber station (not shown).For example, subscriber station statistical measurement SME of having an input I and an output I 1 through an input multiplexed line ML and one is connected to the input II of DSN.

Statistical measurement SME includes a receiving port RX and a transmit port TX, and they are connected between input I and the output I 1 with the form of series connection.This receiving port RX comprises a reception buffer RBUF, a processor P R, and a memory MEM, a statistical measurement circuit SMC and a clock extracting circuit CEC, and this transmit port TX comprises a transmission buffer TBUF.Reception and transmission buffer RBUF are connected between input I and the output I 1 with the form of series connection.Processor P R and these buffers and statistical measurement circuit SMC and memory MEM connect through order wire, though these order wires represent with a single conductor, in fact be to constitute by many such circuits.Clock extracting circuit CEC is connected to the input I, and it has a bit clock output CBL and a unit output terminal of clock CL, and two outputs are connected with measuring circuit SMC.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 at length illustrate statistical measurement circuit SMC, this circuit SMC includes a control circuit CC, the location counter CR of all unit of counting on above-mentioned circuit ML, a location counter CCR who counts the unit of each in the multiplexed independent unit stream, counter MIC between a measurement zone, the interval counter CRI of cell rate, mask register MIS between a measurement zone, decoder circuit DEC1 and DEC2, counter CR0～3 are trusted in register REG0～5, increment register IR0～14, middle storage circuit ISC0～4, adder circuit AD0～3, comparator circuit CO0～5, a d type flip flop DFF, a divider circuit DIV, gate circuit GC0～17 are with door G0～7.

The unit output terminal of clock CL of clock extracting circuit CEC is connected with the control circuit CC with output T1～T11 with bit clock output BCL, and this control circuit CC controls the various circuit of this equipment according to illustrated mode.This control of the work of slave unit will become clear.Unit output terminal of clock CL is also connected to the input of location counter CR by divider circuit DIV, and this divider circuit can enough 1024 removes.Location counter CR includes 12 grade S0～11, and output S0～11 of these grades are subdivided into 4 group S0～2 again, S3～5, and S6～8 and S9～11, three outputs of each group are connected with the data input pin of multiplexer MUX1～3 respectively.Two the selection input Sa and the Sb that are provided by mask register MIS between measurement zone all are provided in multiplexer MUX1～3 each.The output of multiplexer MUX1～3 is connected with the first input end of comparator C O4, and the output of counter MIC is connected between second input of comparator C O4 and measurement zone.The output MTI of this comparator C O4 is connected to the increment input of counter MIC, the RESET input R of cell rate interval counter CRI, the adjustment input of location counter CCR through door GT, and is connected to the input of a G0～G3.The output of the interval counter CRI of cell rate is connected to decoder circuit DEC1 and DEC2 and gate circuit GC15.

The interval sign indicating number of the 4 bit cell speed that decoder circuit DEC1 can provide the output at CRI is translated into one 15 by table 1 and gets 4 incremental code I0-14, and CRI represents with decimal system form in the table.

Table 1

I/CRI 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

6 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1

9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Like this, the binary bit I0 of the incremental code that provides by decoder DEC1～14 each gate circuit GC0～14(Fig. 3 of control) connect with increment register IR0～14, each increment size IN0～14 is provided to the first input end of adder circuit AD0～3.More detailed theory, IR0～5, IR6～8, IR9～11 and IR12～14 is through gate circuit GC0～5, GC6～8, GC9～11 and GC12～14 and middle storage circuit ISO0～3 respectively with adder circuit AD0, AD1, the first input end of AD2 and AD3 is connected.Above-mentioned adder circuit AD0～3 also have a permission input (enable input) of being controlled by the output of door G0～3 respectively.Second input of above-mentioned adder circuit AD0～3 is connected to the output of trusting counter CR0～3 separately, and this trust counter CR0～3 have an input that output links to each other with corresponding adder circuit AD0～3.Each of trusting in counter CR0～3 all also has an output, separately one first input end is connected in each output and comparator C O0～3, and second input of comparator C O0～3 be connected respectively to each storage in these registers of output of register REG0～3 whole 1.

Comparator C O0～3 have output AL0～3, and these outputs are respectively the data input pins that continuous 0 and 1 input signal is connected to multiplexer MUX4 together with other, and the selection input of this MUX4 is connected with the output of decoder circuit DEC2.The interval sign indicating number of 4 bit cells that the latter can provide the output at CRI CRI is translated into the option code of one 6 bit, and this option code is selected above-mentioned input 0 according to following table, in AL0～3 and 1 one, and CRI represents with decimal system form in the table:

Table 2

SC/CRI 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

AL0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

AL1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

AL2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0

AL3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Multiplexer MUX4 has an output terminals A L, and this output terminals A L is connected with the input end of clock CL of d type flip flop DFF through door G4, and the data input pin D of d type flip flop DFF is continuous 1, and its RESET input R is controlled by timing clock pulse T1.Multiplexer MUX4 also has an output terminals A LB that an output signal is provided.This output signal is to the replenishing of the output signal that produces at AL, and is used for control gate G5 the RESET input of the increment input of the output of comparator C O5 and CRI and CCR is connected.Trigger DFF has a state output end ST and a complementary state output STB, and this STB is connected to the increment input of location counter CCR through door G6.

Above-mentioned gate circuit GC15 can be in the appearance of the output error detecting code 0000 of CRI, and having an output ID, this output two gate circuit GC16 of ID control and GC17 connect register REG4 and REG5 separately through the first input end of middle storage circuit ISC4 and comparator C O5.Second input of this comparator C O5 is connected with the output of location counter CCR.

Because above-mentioned increment register IR0～14 storage increment size IN0～14 can be drawn by Fig. 3 and table 1 by increment size, that is:

-CRO can be by an increment in 6 increments/reduction value IN0～5 under the control of I0～5.IN0, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4 and IN5 are used separately as cell rate interval 0,1,2,3,4 and 5 to 11;

-CR1 can be by an increment in increment size IN6～8 under the control of I6～7.IN6, IN7 and IN8 are used separately as cell rate interval 0～4,5 and 6～11;

-CR2 can be by an increment in three increment size IN9～11 under the control of I9～11.IN9, IN10 and IN11 are used separately as cell rate interval 0～6,7 and 8～11;

-CR3 can be by an increment in three increment size IN12～14 under the control of I12～14.IN12, IN13 and IN14 are used separately as cell rate interval 0～8,9 and 10～11.

Before the course of work of the equipment of description, counter CR0～3, the interval CRI0 of cell rate～11 and step-length (steps) or increment size IN0～14 will be by being described with reference to figure 4.

Represent cell rate CR with abscissa among Fig. 4, surpass the gaussian probability of this speed with ordinate (with logarithmic scale) expression.Thereby this function is known as complementation (with respect to 1) the accumulation gaussian probability distribution function of cell rate.It is to be drawn by a gaussian probability distribution function with average m=M/A and standard deviation S=S/A, and M wherein, S, A are the integer values that obtains with the following method that will explain.

Fig. 4 also shows a step function, and it has an A0 to A11, and approximate with the curve C CP with respect to CR.For these points, cell rate equals 0 respectively, (M-S)/and A, (M-S/2)/A ..., (M+4S)/A, and corresponding complementary cumulative probability is respectively PA0=1, PA1, PA2 ..., PA10, PA11=0.In Fig. 4, also show the interval CRI0 of cell rate that mentions the cell rate demarcation by top, CRI1 ..., CRI11.The probability of the cell rate in these interval CRI0 to CRI11 is P0 to P11, and it is defined as follows:

P0＝P（0≤CR≤（M-S）/A） （1）

P1＝P〔（M-S）/A＜CR≤（M-S/2）/A〕 （2）

P10＝P〔（M+7S/2）/A＜CR≤

（M+4S）/A〕 （3）

P11＝P〔CR＞（M+4S）/A〕＝0 （4）

Thereby above-mentioned complementary cumulative probability value PA0 to PA11 can be written as:

PA0＝1 （5）

PA1＝P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8+P9+P10 （6）

PA2＝P2+P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8+P9+P10 （7）

PA3＝P3+P4+P5+P6+P7+P8+P9+P10 （8）

┆

PA5＝P5+P6+P7+P8+P9+P10 （9）

┆

PA7＝P7+P8+P9+P10 （10）

┆

PA9＝P9+P10 （11）

PA10＝P10 （12）

PA11＝0 （13）

Equipment described above more particularly is respectively applied for supervision at an A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6 by these counters of ladder approximation value A0 to A11 that use four counter CR0～3 can supervise the complementary cumulative probability distribution curve of the relative CR shown in the diagrammatic sketch 4; A7, A8; And A9, the probability at A10 place.According to following described, owing to suitably select a corresponding increment size IN0-5 respectively, IN6-8 IN9-11 and IN12-14, this supervision is possible.

For counter CR1, CR2 and CR3, three increment size IN6-8, IN9-11 is determined with identical method with IN12-14, so, only describe the choosing of IN12-14 of relative CR3 below in detail.

The reception of each unit of an independent unit stream of foundation, the interval CRI0 of the cell rate that it belongs to～11 are measured.For each unit of receiving in the not termination in Measuring Time interval when measured cell rate belongs in interval CRI0～8 one at this moment, trusting counter CR3 is reduced by IN12, when measured cell rate belonged to interval CRI9 or CRI10 at this moment, CR3 sent out IN13 or IN14 increment.Very clear, after the measurement of mass efficient, counter CR3 is by IN12, the time quantum that IN13 and IN14 increased or reduced is respectively: when cell rate during less than (M+3S)/A and probability P 0+P1+ ... + P8 is proportional, when cell rate by (M+3S)/A and (M+7S/2)/when forming between two of the A and probability P 9 proportional, when cell rate by (M+7S/2)/A and (M+4S)/when forming between two of the A and probability P 10 proportional.

So after the so definite consequently above-mentioned a large amount of measurement of this increment/reduction value IN12-14 quilt, and suppose that counter CR3 begins to count from zero position, counter CR3 is on the zero position once more.When

（P0+P1……+P8）·（-IN12）+P9·IN13+P10·IN14＝0 （14）

Perhaps because P0+P1+ ... + P10=1 (15)

As (1-(P9+P10)) (IN12)+P9IN1

IN12+P10·IN14＝0 （16）

Or work as

（1-PA9）·（-IN12）+P9·IN13+P10

IN14＝0 （17）

For example increment size IN13 and IN14 so selected so that

P9·IN13＝P10·IN14 （18）

Give a bigger weighting of interval CRI10 (weight) like this.

So relational expression (17) can be write as:

-IN12+PA9.IN12+2P10.IN14＝0 （19）

And can be met by suitable selection ratio IN12/IN14.

This shows, according to relational expression (19), measure extremity of an interval one, the content of counter CR3 is the deviation indication in an A9 and A10 place true probability and its desired value.In more detail, when not having to surpass the probability of these expectations, the content of this counter is negative value or 0, when one in these probability at least desired value AA9 that surpasses it or PA10, the content of this counter become on the occasion of.For this reason, counter CR3 can be used to supervise the probability that is shown in an A9 and A10 place.

Resemble and will be described below, when the content of counter CR3 surpasses a predetermined trust value, above said be by limiting unit speed, surpass desired value thereby limit these probability.

Determine for counter CRO increment/a kind of like this method that satisfies the following relationship formula of reduction value IN0～5 usefulness:

P0（-IN0）+P1（-IN1）+P2（-IN2）（-IN2）+P3·IN3+P4 IN4+（P5+P6+……+P10）IN5＝0 （20）

Since can therefrom obtain the cell rate M/A symmetry value on every side of the gaussian probability distribution function of function C CP/CR, so can draw:

P0＝P5+P6+……+P10 （21）

P1＝P4 （22）

P2＝P3 （23）

So that relational expression (20) satisfies

IN0＝IN5 （24）

IN1＝IN4 （25）

IN2＝IN3 （26）

So for example increment size IN0～2 are so chosen, consequently

P0 IN0＝P1 IN1＝P2 IN2 （27）

For these values and (25) and (26) those values, relational expression (20) can be write as:

-3P0 IN0+P3 IN2+P4 IN1+（P5+P6+……+P10） IN0＝0 （28）

Because

P2＞P1＞P0 （29）

So IN0＞IN1＞IN2 (30) is arranged

So can be write as:

IN0＝IN2+IN′0 （31）

IN1＝IN2+IN′1 （32）

IN wherein " 0 and IN ' the 1st, on the occasion of.

Consider relational expression (31) and (32), relational expression (28) then becomes:

-3P0 IN0+PA3 IN2+P4 IN′1+（P5+……+P10） IN′0＝0 （33）

Visible once more counter CRO can be used to supervise the probability that shows ladder A0～A11 mid point A3 and A4 from relational expression (33), because PA3=1-P0-P1-P2, thereby also can be used for supervising the probability that is shown in an A1 A2 and A3 place.

Ladder in conjunction with Fig. 5 will further notice, it have an average m ' and standard deviation S ', both are different from the average m=M/A and the standard deviation S=S/A of the gaussian probability distribution function that this ladder surrounds, in fact, value m ' is provided by following formula:

m′＝1/A〔m-s） P0+（M-S/2）P1+……+（m+4S） P10〕 （34）

Or m '=1/A (M+0 3S)=M ' A (35)

Can calculate with similar methods

S′＝S-0 1S/A＝S′/A （36）

Come with reference to figure 1,2 now, the work of 3,5 and 6 pairs of equipment is described.

The subscriber station (not shown) that is connected with multiplexer circuit ML can be on this circuit multiplexing a plurality of data sheet flow filaments or bit bag.The unit of same data flow belongs to same information and is identified by an identical sign.Each this subscriber station is wanted through incoming line ML, statistical measurement SME and digital exchanging network DSN with series system when a purpose subscriber station sends above-mentioned such data flow, this subscriber station is just by sending path setting (Setup) control unit that comprises a unlike signal (for example L1) to DSN, start an actual closed circuit operation, if this path setting operation is succeedd, various other parameter values that then define this data sheet flow filament just transmit on the path that is established subsequently.

For example, when subscriber station wants to send one when having the unit stream of random probability distribution function shown in Figure 5, the respective complementary cumulative distribution function of determining unit speed at first, then determine to surround the complementation accumulation gaussian probability distribution function of this respective function, the average of this Gaussian curve and standard deviation are sent out away with the path setting unit.

In order to use approximate this complementary accumulation gaussian probability distribution function of a staircase waveform, adopt the method for above-mentioned corresponding figures 4 descriptions, yet used counter CR0～3 with equal increments, these counters can not be born counting.They are shown in Figure 5 together with the cell rate interval of being determined by average and standard deviation.

Because probable value P ' O shown in Figure 5, P ' 1, all be not more than the corresponding probability P 0 among Fig. 4, P1 ... so it is very clear, after between a measurement zone, each in counter CR0～3 will normally be positioned on the negative position, when being exceeded for one in the probability that is monitored at least, as described above, this counter will arrive on the positive position.

When above-mentioned such path setting control unit was received in measuring equipment SME, it was stored among its reception buffer RBUF, and is handled by processor P R.

When processor is found to relate to a path setting control unit, it just distributes the part of memory MEM shown in Figure 6 to be had the information that indicates L1, and determines following other parameters according to the desired value of service parameter (traffic parameters) m and s:

MIS(measures interval selection): one 2 bit interval selection parameter, to select in 4 Measuring Time intervals, there is the duration of an A=1024 * 2 exp3a unit in this interval, a=0 wherein, 1,2,3;

M: have one 8 bit number of the unit that indicates L1, the desired value of average m equals M/A like this;

S: have one 8 bit number of the unit that indicates L1, standard deviation S equals M/A like this;

Processor P R is stored in value M-S and S/2 in above mentioned that part of memory MEM shown in Figure 6, after the storage operation, processor P R controls the transmission buffer TBUF that the path setting control unit is sent to transmit port TX, and this port TX sends this control unit to digital exchanging network DSN subsequently.With at belgian patent NO 08701481(IV .Verbiest 3) described in the similar mode of a kind of method, in each level of this network, all select an output link, and calculate a distribute type may be to check this control unit whether and to follow the plurality of data unit of same information thereafter by multiplexed on this output link.Yet, be used for subscriber station and want to be similar to this curve with the ladder on Fig. 4 curve, thus in this distribute type, use be above the value m ' and S ' rather than m and the s that provide.Suppose according to calculating, article one, the actual path that leads to the purpose subscriber station is built to, then this purpose subscriber station sends a confirmation unit to the source user station, so the source user station can begin to send corresponding independent data sheet flow filament on multiplexer circuit ML, other independent data sheet flow filaments may be re-used on circuit ML.For this data flow, whether statistical measurement SME checks that it is operated in by being stored in said method within the scope of business that the parameter among the memory MEM limits.

When processor P R has the data cell that indicates L1 and detects these data and exist according to one that receives among the buffer circuits RBUF at receiving port RX, it sends to a part memory address of memory MEM PA, and this address is included in the function of the sign L1 in the data cell.Processor is also stored the following parameters of corrected received data cell, and these parameters clearly provide below:

MIC: the 3 bit counter values in an indication measurement interval, the final data unit that has sign L1 during this interval is received;

CCR: the content of location counter CCR;

CR0～3: the content of trusting counter CR0～3;

CRI: one 4 bit cell speed interval, (Fig. 5,6) that are used for indicating the interval CRI0 to CRI11 of 12 cell rates.

Extract a bit clock BCL and a unit clock CL in the digital units stream of clock extracting circuit CEC with input, and BCL and CL are together delivered to control circuit CC, control circuit CC response, provide one group 11 continuous non-overlapping commutator pulse T1 to T11(not shown at its output T1 to T11 thus), this group pulse covered that a duration that is received data cell equates during and it be used to control the various circuit of SMC already mentioned above.

Because also being provided for, unit clock signal C L realizes removing 1024 divider circuit DIV.So every counting 1024 unit, efficient clock signal CL just makes location counter CR increase by 1.

Because the bit rate of input unit stream equals 600 mbit/(600M bits/s) and these unit have the length of 280 bits.So BCL and CL equal 600 mbit/and 2.14 mbit/respectively.In this case, all there is a 466.67ns(nanosecond each unit) duration, and T1 to T11 each have the duration of this value 1/11.Study the control to SNC now with commutator pulse T1 to T11.

Commutator pulse T1

Processor P R is the parameter MIC from memory MEM, and MIS and CCR install on the circuit that indicates same names of SMC.Suppose that this MIS equals 01, then output Sa and the Sb in order to mask register MIS between the measurement zone of control multiplexer MUX1～3 will be respectively 0 and 1, the level S3 that has only counter CR like this, the output S3 of S4 and S5, S4 and S5 are connected with relevant comparator C O4.This means that counter CR and multiplexer MUX1～3 are used to provide the continuous sign between measurement zone, and the duration that all has one 1024 * 8 data cell between each measurement zone.The 3 bit value MIC that discern last Measuring Time interval (between this time interval star, have a data unit that indicates L1 and be received) are provided for comparator C O4.Finally, location counter value CCR offers comparator C O5.

Utilize commutator pulse T1 that d type flip flop is resetted.The state output signal ST of this trigger gets the hang of 0 like this, and it shows that having the unit that indicates L1 is allowed to further transmission in principle.

Commutator pulse T2

Processor P R is on the circuit CRI and CRO that indicate same names that install to SMC from cell rate interval value CRI and the trust value CRO of memory MEM.So comparator C O4 is allowed to the 3 bit value MICs and grade S3 that be stored in counter CR of work for use in (during this interval one have the data cell that indicate L1 be received) between the last measurement zone of identification, value among S4 and the S5 compares, and the 3-bit value MIC that is used to constitute the sign in Measuring Time interval (during this interval, data cell is processed) is received.If two signs that are compared equal output signal, then the MTI of CO4 is 0.In this case, MIC is the sign between current measurement zone.Otherwise, when two signs that are compared with output different, then MTI is 1, it represents to have disappeared between this measurement zone and this value MIC must be corrected.

Commutator pulse T3

Processor P R is the register REG4 and the REG5 that deposit in from the value M-S of memory MEM and S/2 separately.And make decoder circuit DEC1 and DEC2 work.Thereby decoder is translated into 15 bit incremental code I0～14 according to table 1 with the interval CRI of cell rate.Like this, each the group GC0～5, GC6～8, GC9～11 and GC12～14(Fig. 3) in a gate circuit just be allowed to work.

Commutator pulse T4

Processor P R makes gate circuit GC15 work, so whether the interval CRI of this gate circuit inspection unit speed is 0 or is not that in the former situation, the output ID of GC15 is 0, otherwise in the latter's situation, this output ID is 1.As a result, gate circuit GGC16 and GC17 work, thus the value M-S or the S/2 that are stored among REG4 or the REG5 are stored among the middle storage circuit ISC4 relevant with comparator C O5.

Processor P R also will pack into from the trust value CR3 of memory MEM and indicate the CR3 of same names.

In addition, if the output MTI of comparator C O4 is 1, it indicates this Measuring Time interval to disappear, and then processor P R carries out following function:

-the sign that is stored between measurement zone among the counter MIC through door G7 is rised in value 1, so that this counter stores the sign between the newly developed area then;

-be triggered through the set input S of same door G7 location counter CCR, thus this counter in-position 1.So the reception of first module is recorded during between new measurement zone;

-final, also through same door G7, the interval counter CRI of cell rate is triggered and displacement owing to its RESET input R.So this counter CRI indicates the sign 000 in this first module speed interval.

Commutator pulse T5

The trust counter CR2 that processor P R packs the trust value CR2 from memory MEM to indicate same numeral into, and make the middle storage circuit ISC3 work relevant with adder circuit AD3.Be stored in a storage circuit ISC3 in the middle of GC12-14 is changed among the increment size IN12-14 in increment register IR12～14 like this.

Commutator pulse T6

The trust counter CR1 that processor P R packs the trust value CR1 from memory MEM to indicate same numeral into, and make the middle storage circuit ISC2 work relevant with addition electricity circuit AD2.A quilt that is stored in like this in increment size IN9～11 in incrementer IR9～11 changes middle storage circuit ISC2 over to.

The input T6 of door G3 also is triggered, if so that disappear between measurement zone, this moment, MTI was 1, then made adder AD3 work.Thereby this adder is the increment size and the trust value addition that is stored among the CR3 that are stored among the ISC3, and the result of addition is deposited in CR3.Yet, if this phase add operation surpasses a predetermined positive trust value, for example work as AD3 and overflow, then it will become complete 1 to the content of CR3.

At last, during time interval T6, the content among the REG3 of comparator C O3 comparison CR3 and storage complete 1, and produce an output signal AL3, if comparative result is identical, then AL3 is 1, otherwise is 0.This means when adder circuit AD3 has detected one and overflow when taking place that this AL3 is 1.

Commutator pulse T7

Processor P R reinstalls memory MEM to the trust value CR3 that deposits among the CR3, and further makes middle storage circuit ISC1 and the ISC0 work that is associated with adder circuit AD1 and AD0 respectively.So deposit in the increment size in increment register IR6～8 one and deposit in the increment size in increment register IR0～5 one storage circuit ISC1 and ISC0 in the middle of GC6～8 and GC0～5 are changed over to respectively in.The input TT of door G2 also is triggered, if so that disappear between measurement zone, this moment, the output MTI of CO4 was 1, then made adder AD2 work.This AD2 and CO2, the course of work of RE2 and the AD3 that introduces above, CO3, the course of work of REG3 is similar.This means when AD2 has detected one and overflow when taking place that output AL2 is 1.

Commutator pulse T8

Processor P R reinstalls memory MEM to the trust value CR2 that deposits CR2 in.Because the input T8 of door G0 and G1 is triggered,, then make adder AD0 and AD1 work so if disappear between measurement zone, this moment, the output MTI of CO4 was 1.AD0 and AD1 and CO0, the course of work of REG0 and CO1 and the AD3 that introduces above, CO3, the course of work of REG3 is similar.Thereby, when having detected one respectively, AD0 or AD1 overflow when taking place, and output AL2 or AL3 are 1.

Commutator pulse T9

Processor P R reinstalls memory MEM to the trust value CR1 that deposits CH1 in, and makes multiplexer MUX4 work.Result and the table 2 above the following described basis draw:

If the interval CR1 of-cell rate is 0,1 or 2, then the input 0 of this multiplexer is connected to output terminals A L;

If-CRI is 3 or 4, then AL0 is connected to AL;

If-CRI is 5 or 6, then AL1 is connected to AL;

If-CRI is 7 or 8, then AL2 is connected to AL;

If-CRI is 9 or 10, then AL3 is connected to AL;

If-CRI is 11, then 1 be connected to AL;

Comparator C O5 also is activated work, so that its compares the location counter value that deposits CCR in or with the value of M-S or S/2, but this depends on that the cell rate interval that is stored among the CRI is respectively in interval 0 or interval 1～10.If two values that are compared equate, then indicate such fact, promptly disappear between cellular zone.In this case, and when output terminals A L be 0 or ALB when being 1, the interval counter CRI of cell rate is rised in value 1 through door G5.In addition, location counter CCR also is reset through same door G5, so that begin a new counting.

Commutator pulse T10

Processor P R reinstalls memory MEM to the trust value CRO that deposits CRO in.In the first of T10, if output terminals A L is 1, then it makes d type flip flop be in 1 state through door G4.Therefore, state output end ST is 1 at this moment, and it shows that to processor received unit will be abandoned (be dropptd).Otherwise if state output end ST keeps 0 state, or STB is in 1 state, and during the second portion of T10, this processor P R makes location counter CCR increment 1 through door G6 so.

Commutator pulse T11

Processor P R is parameter MIC, and the value of MIS and CCR is deposited back memory MDM.

By above description, very clear, after each unit that has label L 1 is received, carry out following operation by measuring circuit SMC:

-by MUX1～3.CO4, MIC check whether between the current measurement zone that is provided by location counter CR be new.This is that the output MTI by blocked CO4 0 or 1 indicates;

-for the interval CRI of cell rate the preceding that is stored among the CRI, be that increment size I0～14 are determined in each counter CR0～3 by DEC1, and the input 0 by DEC2 selection MUX4, in AL0～3,1 one;

If be a new interval between-measurement zone, then it is counted by MIC, the interval CRI of cell rate is set to equal 0, and new unit is counted by CCR.Otherwise if a MIC is the same between this measurement zone with the preceding, then CRI and CCR are not changed.In addition, in both cases, check by GC15 whether CRI is 0, and M-S or S/2 are deposited with correspondingly among the ISC4;

If between-measurement zone be one new, then belong to the above-mentioned increment size of counter CR0～3 and adder AD0～3 additions of trust value by separately that have been stored in wherein.Then, by circuit CO0～3, REG0～3 checks that whether one or more in these counters reach a predetermined positive trust value, under above-mentioned situation, export AL0～3 accordingly and are triggered;

-according to the interval CRI of the cell rate of being selected in advance by DEC2, multiplexer MUX4 is input 0, the output terminals A L that AL0～3 and 1 are connected to it in more detail, if the cell rate interval is 0,1 or 2; 3 or 4; 5 or 6; 7 or 8; 9 or 10; 11; Then 0, AL0, AL1, AL2, AL3 and 1 is connected to AL.When overflowed CR0～3, in this way the unit was only abandoned, and cell rate is respectively than M/A, (M+S)/A, and (M+2S)/A and (M+3S)/A height.If AL is triggered, then mode bit ST becomes 1, and the unit that its indication receives must be abandoned.Otherwise, when AL is not triggered (or ALB=1) and is counted when indicating this cell rate extremity of an interval when the unit of some M-S of equaling or S/2, cell rate counter CRI is rised in value 1, so that indicate a new cell rate interval, and location counter CCR is reset.So that can begin new counting:

-when mode bit ST is inoperative (STB=1).When not having the unit to be abandoned with indication, this counter CCR is rised in value.

Can be clear that by above description for each unit that receives of an independent unit stream, the cell rate interval is determined.In the function of this measurement, trust counter CR0～3 and measure that extremity of an interval is rised in value or by depreciation at each.When a such counter surpasses a predetermined trust value and simultaneously when this cell rate was higher than a cell rate of being scheduled to, this unit was just abandoned.

Although the principle of the present invention that combines with concrete device is described in the above,, only this description that method acted on by embodiment does not limit scope of the present invention, and this point is self-evident.

Claims (9)

1, be used for the statistical measurement method of the statistical parameter value of a definite variable (CR), it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

At least the end of (MTI) is measured the value (CRIO/11) of described variable (CR) between each measurement zone; Be used as step-length (IN12/14) at least one counter of stepping (CR3) of the function of the value (CRIO/8,9,10) that for this reason records then; The step-length of counter is to determine like this, promptly to after a plurality of time intervals, described counter (CR3) has been in a probability that shows the corresponding predetermined value that exceeds described variable [(M+3S/A), (M+7S/21A] and has been offset on the position of one or more desired values.

2, statistical measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described variable is by determining that the interval that belongs to this variable measures, and the probability of described predetermined value ((M+3S)/A(M+7S/2/A) has departed from desired value.

3, statistical measurement method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned counter (CR3) is with a direction or another direction stepping, its direction depends on the measured value of above-mentioned variable, and this measured value belong to following variable (CR) above-mentioned predetermined value ((M+3S)/A, the interval (CRIO/8) of a selected value in (M+7S/2/A) ((M+3S)/A) side or the interval (CRI9/10) of opposite side in addition.

4, statistical measurement method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: to the value of above-mentioned variable (CR) greater than the selected value of above-mentioned variable (CR) ((M+3S)/A), above-mentioned step-length is positive, and increases along with the increase of above-mentioned variable (CR) value.

5, statistical measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also comprises the steps:

Utilize the device (REG3, CO3) that is associated with described counter (CR3), go to detect when described counter arrives such position: this position indicates an admissible deviation of maximum;

When described checkout gear (REG3, but CO3) when having detected the maximum permissible variation, put corresponding to described counter (CR3) that (REG3 CO3) reduces described deviation and reduces described probability thus by changing described variate-value.

6, statistical measurement method according to claim 2 is characterized in that comprising the steps:

Utilize a plurality of described counters (CRO/3) go to carry out different long groups (INO～5, IN6～8 ', IN9-11, IN12～14), this step-length set of dispense is given different interval group (CRIO, 1,3,4,5-10; 0～4,5,6～10; 0～6,7,8～10; 0～8,9,10), and all intervals of described group are by continuous predetermined value (CM-S)/the A(M-S/2)/A of above-mentioned variable (CR) ...) separate.

7,, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps: as the statistical measurement method of claim 3 or 6

With a plurality of checkout gears that correspond respectively to a counter in the above-mentioned counter (CRO～3) (REGO, COO～REG3 detect but CO3) this counter is reached a position that indicates the maximum permissible variation,

When detecting an admissible deviation of maximum and work as variable, one of described at least checkout gear have one to surpass selected predetermined value (M/S, (M+S)/A, (M+2S)/A, (M+3S)/A) time, (MUX4 PFF) reduces described deviation by changing described variable with the device that is coupled with described checkout gear.

8, statistical measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The probability of above-mentioned expectation is to obey the gaussian probability distribution function of those probability above-mentioned variable is accumulated a to(for) complementation of 1.

9, statistical measurement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

This method can be determined to surpass the probability of this predetermined value and thus measured probability is restricted to a desired value the predetermined value of at least one this variable.

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