CN101971531A - Method for controlling an erbium doped fibre amplifier (edfa) and amplifier arrangement - Google Patents
Method for controlling an erbium doped fibre amplifier (edfa) and amplifier arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN101971531A CN101971531A CN2009801087423A CN200980108742A CN101971531A CN 101971531 A CN101971531 A CN 101971531A CN 2009801087423 A CN2009801087423 A CN 2009801087423A CN 200980108742 A CN200980108742 A CN 200980108742A CN 101971531 A CN101971531 A CN 101971531A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/293—Signal power control
- H04B10/2931—Signal power control using AGC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
- H01S3/06758—Tandem amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1301—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/13013—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers by controlling the optical pumping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/02—ASE (amplified spontaneous emission), noise; Reduction thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094061—Shared pump, i.e. pump light of a single pump source is used to pump plural gain media in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/10015—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by monitoring or controlling, e.g. attenuating, the input signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
Abstract
The invention refers to a method for operating an amplifier with a first amplifier stage (A1) and a second amplifier stage (A2), pumped by a single pump light source (11) generating a primary pump signal (SPUMP), which is split into first pump signal (S1) and a second pump signal (S2) according to a variable splitting factor (alpha) for pumping the first amplifier stage (A1) and the second amplifier stage (A2) respectively. The splitting factor (alpha) is varied to achieve an optimized noise figure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to control the method for erbium-doped fiber amplifier and amplifier installation (amplifierarrangement).
Background technology
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is deployed in optics dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) transmission system widely, and this is because they have the ability of amplifying all DWDM signals simultaneously with satisfactory way almost.In addition, the EDFA representative is used for the critical component of the point-to-point link of integrated optical network.This tends to because cause being increased in the amplifier that uses in the optic network by the supplementary load loss of switch, multiplexer or the like introducing.In addition, the optics networking technology has become regional network and metropolitan area network with strict cost requirement attractive.
Therefore, the cost of step-down amplifier is the key request of EDFA under the situation of not sacrificing function.The core of amplifier is by the gain media that amplification is provided (gain medium) (i.e. " Er-doped fiber ") and provide power to provide with the laser pump that the enough dopant ions in the permission Er-doped fiber (EDF) partly leave the excited level of ground state arrival expectation.The actual execution mode of EDFA is also disposed additional passive component (for example tap coupler/beam splitter (splitter), signal monitor, WDM coupler) so that EDF, isolator or the like are coupled in pumping radiation (pump radiation) and flashlight.Yet from the viewpoint of cost, pump laser is represented driving element.Therefore, the number of pumping must keep low as much as possible with remarkable reduction EDFA cost.
In order to reduce the EDFA cost, proposed to come two or more EDF coils of pumping (pump), used the fusion beam splitter that characterizes by fixing splitting ratio (splitting ratio) can not to be provided with separately so that enter the part light of each EDFA level by identical laser.
On the other hand, four port combination devices in configuration, have been used, so that come the deviation of compensating unit characteristic and improve reliability according to design load with unequal branching ratio with two pumpings.At US 5,561,552 and EP 588 557 A1 in this inventive embodiment has been described.
Yet, have the major defect that is associated with this technology.In most of the cases, wdm system is put in the operation with minority activity (active) passage.Subsequently, add additional passage according to the demand of capacity.Therefore, amplifier and their control algolithm have been designed to provide from the operation with single passage and have begun until the suitable performance of largest passages load.
Obviously bigger under little input power (being little port number (channel count)) based on noise figure with the mechanism of the opump beam-splitting of constant-gain operation.Therefore, the maximum number of span (span) is limited by the noise characteristic under the passage aisle number.In order to reduce this shortcoming, can consider high beam splitting ratio.Yet,, need lower beam splitting ratio (i.e. high pumping power in the 2nd EDF coil) in order to realize high-output power level (that is to say situation) for the high channel load.Therefore, high beam splitting ratio is relevant with low output power stage, that is to say the maximum gain that reduction is provided by amplifier.Fixedly the selection of splitting ratio is based on the balance between these two constraints.
In order to reduce the restriction that applies by fixing splitting ratio, in patent application DE 10 2,005 031897 A1, a kind of configuration is described.For this mechanism, the pump power that enters the 2nd EDF coil is not the standing part of the power that provided by pumping, because by increasing the decay that pump power reduces to be provided by EDF (serving as saturable absorber) in the second level pumping line.Yet, the shortcoming below this solution has presented:
EDF in the pump path causes the absorption of pump light.
EDF in the pump path serves as may be added the spontaneous emission of amplification (ASE) noise source that (after the decay of WDM coupler) propagates to the signal in the optics main path.In addition, backpropagation ASE will propagate on the direction of pumping.
In case fixing splitting ratio and the length of the EDF in the pump path are fixing, the pump power of collision (impinge) the 2nd EDF level is exactly the function of the power that provided by pumping oneself.Therefore, the splitting ratio that is equal to of this mechanism is a function of pumping power, that is to say splitting ratio that is equal to and the power that is provided separately by pumping can not be set.Also sentence is talked about, and this framework has one degree of freedom.But this is provided with restriction to the maximum that is equal to splitting ratio of being responsible for the suboptimum noiseproof feature.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome these problems and find out the method and apparatus of the optical signalling in the wide region that is used for amplifying in high quality power output.
A kind of mode of improving signal quality is realized by method according to claim 1.
A kind of optical amplifier of signal quality that improves is by realizing according to independent claims 7 described mechanisms.
Additional useful feature is described in the dependent claims.
With respect to the key difference of previous solution is deployment in conjunction with the tunable opump beam-splitting device of invention control method.The advantage of this solution is following to be listed:
The light of advancing in pump path can not experience absorption.
Because there is not EDF in the pump path, so the ASE noise can not be added in the signal, and ASE power can not propagated on the direction of pumping.
Configuration according to the present invention provides the advantage of two degrees of freedom during operation, the just grade of pump power and splitting ratio.This means that these two parameters can freely be provided with and can not limit the setting that may be coupled by the fixed relationship that physical effect provides.Like that, significantly reduce by means of high beam splitting ratio and pump power values and to be in low port number or, and recently realize high output power stage by reducing beam splitting by noise figure degradation with the following operational amplifier of peak power output.
Because in pump path, there is not EDF, so in case consider the insertion loss of tunable equipment, the total pump power that is provided by this pumping just can be used for realizing the amplification expected.
In fact, the insertion loss as the tunable beam splitter of volume (bulk) element is higher than the fixedly insertion loss of beam splitter a little.The execution mode of proposed mechanism by means of discreet component will be subjected to the influence of this shortcoming.Yet, as long as proposed configuration is implemented as and has planar lightwave circuit (Planar Lightwave Circuit, PLC) entity of method just can be avoided this shortcoming.By adopting this strategy, tunable beam splitter can be integrated on the chip, and can not cause with respect to based on the fixing supplementary load loss of the framework of splitting ratio.Point out the PLC method attractive be because the mechanical dimension that reduces and the manufacturing workload of reduction, and proposed framework will allow foundation to have the compact amplifier of noiseproof feature very well.In principle, gain media will provide the material or the composition (only mean passive component is integrated on the chip) of any kind of light amplification, but the fully-integrated method that is based on erbium doped waveguides (EDW) is represented interchangeable selection.
As mentioned above, the advantage of in fact proposed method is that pumping power level and splitting ratio can be set separately, so that improve under the passage aisle number or be lower than noiseproof feature under the peaked output power stage, and can increase the power output that is in the high channel number than low value by what splitting ratio was set by means of high splitting ratio α (promptly being coupled to most of pump light of an EDF coil).Obviously, the existence of two degrees of freedom can influence control strategy.Because the splitting ratio of pumping power level and tuned element can be set separately, so this tittle can be counted as actuating (actuating) (control) variable of proposed solution.Therefore, control strategy is different.Attentiveness is placed in the new mechanism, and the control of amplifier must suitably be worked to guarantee best performance to these two variablees.In general, can utilize different coupling of pump power and splitting ratio to realize specific output gain grade.Yet, only utilize the suitable of two parameters to select in conjunction with obtaining best performance.
Yet, expectation will activate (control) variable from two be reduced to one quicken control so that only adjust a variable according to power output.This is defined as unique actuating variable by the pump power that will enter the 2nd EDF level and realizes.
Another embodiment of the amplifier that relates to transient affair will be provided.In order to realize the quick response of amplifier to transient affair, control circuit uses the feedforward part, and described feedforward partly makes (pump power) actuating variable change because of the variation of input power.The common application of this method is the operation that is under the EDFA constant-gain.Be used as the actuating variable by the pump power that will enter the 2nd EDF coil, add feedforward component based on approximate mathematical relationship.
Description of drawings
To explain the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the reduced graph that illustrates according to dual-stage amplifier of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram that the first embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that illustrates through the embodiment control circuit of revising;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram that control method is shown;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that the control of the beam splitting factor is shown;
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic sketch that the relation between the pump power and the beam splitting factor is shown;
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic sketch that the control performance between power output and the pump power is shown;
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic sketch that illustrates according to the noise figure NF of typical optical amplifier of the present invention and amplifier; And
Fig. 9 is the diagrammatic sketch that the embodiments of the invention with feedfoward control are shown.
Embodiment
Diagrammatic sketch Fig. 1 illustrates the illustrative apparatus of the optical amplifier that embodies the principle of the invention.This optical amplifier has and comprises and be denoted as EDF1, the Er-doped fiber 4 of EDF2 and 6 two amplifying stage A1 and A2.
The first amplifying stage A1 comprises first coupler 3 that is used for the first pump signal S1 is inserted into optical fiber 4, and the second amplifying stage A2 comprises second coupler 5 that is used for the second pump signal S2 is inserted into optical fiber 6.Pump light source (laser) 11 generates elementary (primary) pump signal S
PUMP, it is fed to tunable beam splitter 10, thereby with the pump signal S that is generated
PUMPBe divided into the first pump signal S1 and the second pump signal S2, according to the beam splitting factor-alpha, they have power stage P1=α P respectively
PUMP, P
PUMPAnd P2=(1-α) P
PUMP
Under the situation of most of WDM signals, 1 place receives input signal S in amplifier input terminal
IN, and at this input signal S
INBe outputted as through amplified output signal S at output 13 places
OUTBefore by first beam splitter 2, the first isolator I1, the first amplifying stage A1, the second isolator I2, the second amplifying stage A2, the 3rd isolator I3 and second coupler 7.Be connected in series and comprise filter, attenuator and other add ons.
Power output P
OUTOr 12 controls of amplifier gain Be Controlled unit, it represents input power P from first optical-electrical converter 8 and 9 receptions of second optical-electrical converter that are connected respectively to first and second beam splitters 2 and 7
INWith power output P
OUTPilot signal.
Fig. 2 illustrates the simplified block diagram of this amplifier installation.In most of operator schemes, do not need to monitor input power, for example for the operation that is in constant output.The mechanism of this simplification is used to the explanation below the present invention.In this case, control unit is with power output P
OUTWith inside or external reference value P
TAR(TAR-target in Fig. 7) compares.
Fig. 3 illustrates the more details of control unit.This control unit 12 is divided into three funtion parts, and they are called as first control unit 121, second control unit 122 and the 3rd control unit 123.
In order to understand the present invention better, the basic function of having a look at 2 grades of amplifiers can be helpful.The final stage of fiber amplifier is operated with saturated situation (saturated regime) usually.Therefore, power output P
OUTIt is the function that enters the second pump power P2 (Fig. 5) of the 2nd EDF coil 6.Therefore, calculate single correspondence " elementary actuating variable " p2 (control variables) by first control unit 121, it has the function of traditional controller and may be implemented as analog or digital circuit (CONTROL
S2Indication obtains first and activates variable p2 to control the second pump signal S2).
Two secondary actuating variablees of second control unit 122: determine elementary pump signal S
PUMPTotal pump power P
PUMPThe beam splitting factor-alpha and corresponding variable p.The two determines " secondary actuating variable " p and α (α is used for variable and is used for the beam splitting factor) power of the first and second pump signal S1, S2 and is fed to the 3rd control unit 123.
The 3rd control unit 123 converts secondary actuating variable p, α to physical control signal pc and α c.
By only using feedfoward control, use described feature together with included different control methods.In this case, with reference to figure 1, input signal P only
INBe used to calculate elementary actuating variable.
Flow chart shown in Fig. 4 can illustrate how control unit works.In the beginning (START) of control procedure afterwards, measure power output P
OUT(in another unshowned embodiment, measuring gain and/or input power).Second step is with reference signal P
TARWith power output P
OUTCompare, and then, in third step, according to comparative result Δ p=P
TAR-P
OUTDetermine elementary actuating variable p2 and the power output P thus of the control second pump power P2
OUT(identical reference signal is P for example
OUTBe used to signal and their resulting pilot signal).The 4th step is to optimize beam splitting factor-alpha (if also not finishing) and total pump power.Therefore, secondary actuating (control) variable p, α are calculated to determine total pump power P
PUMP(Fig. 5, Fig. 6) and beam splitting factor-alpha.Next step is to convert these variablees to physical signalling pc and α c, to adjust the total pump power P of pump light source 11
PUMPBeam splitting factor-alpha with tunable beam splitter 10.This control method is a key component of the present invention.
To explain control method of the present invention in detail in conjunction with diagrammatic sketch Fig. 5.Solid line in this diagrammatic sketch illustrates the second pump power P2 and the total pump power P of the second pump signal S2
PUMPBetween relation.Two values are by standardization.Be shown in dotted line the relation between the second pump power P2 and the variable beam splitting factor-alpha.Can be according to total pump signal P
PUMPOr the power of the second pump signal S2 and beam splitting factor-alpha calculate the power that is injected into the first pump signal P1 among the first amplifying stage AS1.
In order to reduce amplifier noise, should be with most of total pump power P
PUMPBe fed in first amplifying stage.Maximum beam splitting factor-alpha in exemplary plot 5
MAXBe 0.8.In true amplifier, α
MAXShould be about 0.9 or more.If output signal S
OUTPower P
OUTLow, then most of total pump energy P
PUMP(being 80% in this example) and constant maximum beam splitting factor-alpha
MAXBe injected into together among the first amplifying stage A1.If necessary power output P
OUTIncrease, then the second pump power P2 of the second pump signal S2 also must increase, up to reaching maximum total pump energy P
PMAX(P
PUMP/ P
PMAX=1) till.The beam splitting factor-alpha
MAXThe only P2=P that keeps constant and total pump power
PUMP(1-α
MAX)=20% is inserted into the second level, still has 80% to be inserted into the first order.
In order further to increase power output P
OUT, more second pump power P2 must be injected among the second amplifying stage A2 and therefore less energy be injected in first amplifying stage: must reduce the beam splitting factor.The beam splitting factor can reduce to minimum value α
MIN(being 0.2 in this example).Maximum total pump power keeps constant (solid horizontal line), and the second pump power P2 increases according to (1-α) simultaneously.In diagrammatic sketch, at P2/P
PMAXPoint out maximum power P2 on the x axle at=0.8 place
MAXAs elementary pump signal P
PUMPReached its maximum power P
PMAXThe time, the variation range delta α of the beam splitting factor=α
MAX-α
MINBe used to change power output P
OUTThis is with shown in Figure 6.Consider tolerance and applied control method, should select maximum total pump power P
PUMP, it is lower than possible maximum total pump power.Then, pump power control can combine with slower beam splitting factor optimizing fast.
Solid line among diagrammatic sketch Fig. 6 illustrates respectively at total pump power P
PUMP, beam splitting factor-alpha and amplifier power output P
OUTBetween relation.Chain-dotted line is illustrated in the beam splitting factor-alpha and the power output P of mark on the x axle
OUTBetween relation.
For from 0 to P
OUTKLow power output P
OUT, come with maximum beam splitting factor-alpha according to solid line f (P)
MAX=0.8 operation beam splitter.For less than P
OUTKPower output, the beam splitting factor keeps α
MAX, while power output and pump power P
PUMPProportional increase is up to reaching maximum total pump power P
PMAXWith the power output P that is associated
OUTKTill.
When reaching maximum total pump power P
PMAX, and power output then must reduce the beam splitting factor-alpha still must increase the time.Vertical property line f (α) illustrates the power output as the function of beam splitting factor-alpha, and total pump power P
PMAXKeep constant.The other mark beam splitting factor on the vertical axis on the right side of diagrammatic sketch.When the beam splitting factor reaches its minimum value α
MINAnd the second pump power P2 also reaches its maximum P2
MAXThe time, power output P
OUTBe approximated to ratio with the second pump power P2 of the second pump signal S2, and according to P
PMAX(1-α) is increased to P
OUTMAXAccording to the present invention, only solid line is used for operational amplifier.Dotted line only illustrates other fixedly beam splitting parameter alpha
1, α
2, α
MINRelation.
The beginning control procedure should guarantee that this system is along these characteristic solid line operations.By the flip-flop input signal and because of control performance, can reach non-optimal point of operation OP, wherein P
PUMP＜P
MAXAnd α＜α
MAXSo can be by increasing α and P
PUMPRealize solid line.
The flow chart Fig. 7 that still is simplified illustrates method step in the more detailed mode that is used for normal running.Except this flow chart, other flow charts can cause identical result.As from knowing flow chart Fig. 4,, in first step, measure power output P in beginning or after other signals obtain
OUT, and in second step with reference value P
TARCompare.
Δ p as a result is fed to controller.In basic configuration, it is added to former actuating variable p2 and produces the new actuating variable p2 that determines the second pump power P2.Then, check whether total pump power equals maximum total pumped power P
PMAXAccording to this result, adjust the pump signal or the beam splitting factor.
The embodiment that more strengthens of the present invention is used to calculate the sophisticated method of actuating variable p2 and value that use is calculated is determined secondary variable.For example, with total pump power reference value P
PMAXWith the pump power values p2/ that is calculated (1-α
MAX) compare (corresponding to comparing P
PMAXAnd p2/ (1-α
MAX), this will use in the following description).
If maximum total pump power p2/ (the 1-α that is calculated
MAX) less than Maximum pumping P
PMAX, the variation that then activates variable p2 (the second pump power P2) only causes the pump power P that launched
PUMPVariation, and the beam splitting factor keeps constant alpha
MAX
Total pump power p2/ (the 1-α of (if calculate)
MAX) be higher than Maximum pumping P
PMAX(be corresponding value p2/ (1-α respectively
MAX), P
PMAX), then the beam splitting factor-alpha is adjusted, simultaneously total pump power P
PMAXRemain on its maximum place.Only a pair of secondary actuating variable p, α
MAXOr P
MAX, α is fed to conversion " unit ", is converted into control signal pc and α c, and is fed to amplifier.
In other words, if elementary pump signal S
PUMPAvailable maximum total pump power P
PMAXBe enough to the object run point is set on characteristic line f (P2), then strengthen embodiment and adjust elementary pump signal S according to the first actuating variable p2
PUMPTotal pump power P
PUMP, keep maximum beam splitting factor-alpha simultaneously
MAXIf, and elementary pump signal S
PUMPAvailable maximum total pump power P
PMAXBe not enough on characteristic line f (P2), be provided with the object run point, then activate the beam splitting factor-alpha that variable p2 adjusts tunable beam splitter 10 according to described first.In this case, the object run point is positioned on the characteristic line f (α).
Fig. 8 illustrates and the prior art amplifier pink noise index NF according to mechanism of the present invention relatively.Certainly, each configuration can be designed to realize the identical optimum noiseproof feature for the certain gain value.But for other operating points, the performance of prior art is degradation more seriously in this case.
As an example, require set (gain ranging, pumping power level, output power stage) for given amplifier, with respect to common framework based on the standard prior art, for mechanism of the present invention, reported at low port number place up to the approximately improvement of the noise figure of 0.5dB, and compared the improvement that about 0.25dB is arranged with the design of EDF in comprising the pumping line.In addition, when using mechanism of the present invention, the variation of peak power output is more much higher.
In order to provide, must consider the whole operation scope of amplifier with respect to attainable noise figure to improved extensive overview.At low gain value place, according to the value of power output, noise figure reduces can be higher than 0.5dB, and reduce by increasing gain.For the gain level that surpasses 20dB, improving approximately is 0.2dB.
Fig. 9 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the invention, and it has the additional feedforward component in the face of the transient affair at (face) amplifier in place.Feed-forward control signals ff is obtained by feed forward element 124, is fed to adder 125 (or multiplier) and combines with ongoing actuating variable p2.
Reference marker
1 amplifier in
2 first beam splitters
3 couplers
4 EDF-Er-doped fibers
5 second couplers
6 the 2nd EDF
7 second beam splitters
8 first optical-electrical converters
9 second optical-electrical converters
10 tunable/variable beam splitters
11 pump light sources/laser
12 control units
The SIN input signal
A1 first amplifying stage
A2 second amplifying stage
The EDF Er-doped fiber
The I1-I3 isolator
S
OUTOutput signal
P
OUTPower output
S
PUMPElementary pump signal
S1 first pump signal
S2 second pump signal
The α beam splitting factor
Pc electricity P
PUMPControl signal
α c electricity α control signal
121 first controll blocks
122 second controll blocks
123 the 3rd controll blocks
P2 first activates variable and determines P2
P level activates variable and determines P
PUMP
α level activates variable and determines the beam splitting factor
P
PUMP(elementary pump light source) total pump power
P
PMAXMaximum total pump power
α
MAXThe maximum beam splitting factor
α
MINThe minimum beam splitting factor
P2 (S2's) second pump power
The excursion of Δ α α
P
OUTKα
MAXMaximum P
OUT
P
CUTMAXS
OUTPeak power output
P2
MAXMaximum second pump power
F (P) is for α=α
MAXCharacteristic line
F (α) is for P
PUMP=P
PMAXCharacteristic line
α
1, α
2The fixing beam splitting factor
The OP operating point
p
PMAXMaximum total pump power reference value
p
MAXMaximum secondary activates variable p
The total pump power value that p2/ (1-α) is calculated
The NF noise figure
124 feed forward element
The ff component that feedovers
Claims (12)
1. method that is used for control by the fiber amplifier with first amplifying stage (A1) and second amplifying stage (A2) of single pump light source (11) pumping, described single pump light source (11) generates elementary pump signal (P
PUMP), according to the beam splitting factor (α) of respectively pumping first amplifying stage (A1) and second amplifying stage (A2) with described elementary pump signal (P
PUMP) be beamed into first pump signal (S1) and second pump signal (S2), comprise step:
Be identified for controlling second pump power (P2) of second pump signal (S2) and the power output (P of amplifier thus
OUT) elementary actuating variable (p2);
If elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) total pump power (P
PUMP) less than described elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) available maximum total pump power (P
PMAX), then adjust elementary pump signal (S according to elementary actuating variable (p2)
PUMP) total pump power (P
PUMP), keep the maximum beam splitting factor (α simultaneously
MAX); And
If described total pump power (P
PUMP) equal described elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) maximum total pump power (P
PMAX), then adjust the beam splitting factor (α) of tunable beam splitter (10) according to described elementary actuating variable (p2).
2. method according to claim 1 comprises step:
According to definite elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) pump power (P
PUMP) and the described elementary actuating variable (p2) of the beam splitting factor (α) calculate secondary actuating variable (p, α);
(p α) converts electric control signal (pc, α c) to these secondary actuating variablees; And
Adjust the total pump power (P of pump light source (11) according to described control signal (pc, α c)
PUMP) and the beam splitting factor (α) of tunable beam splitter (10).
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 comprises the steps:
Determine amplifier output signal (S
OUT) power output (P
OUT);
With reference value (P
TAR) and power output (P
OUT) compare;
According to reference value (P
TAR) and power output (P
OUT) difference (Δ p=P
TAR-P
OUT) generate elementary actuating variable (p2).
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described methods, comprise the steps:
With Maximum pumping (P
PMAX) and current pump power (P
PUMP) compare, perhaps
With total pump power reference value (P
PMAX) compare with the total pump power value of being calculated (p2/ (1-α)); And
According to pump power reference value (P
Max) and the comparative result of the pump power reference value (p2/ (1-α)) calculated generate secondary actuating variable (pc, α c).
5. method according to claim 4 comprises step:
Will be from input signal (S
IN) the forward direction control component (ff) and the definite output signal (S that obtain
OUT) power output (P
OUT) elementary actuating variable (p2) combine.
6. according to the described method of one of claim 1-5, comprise step:
Check total pump power (P
PUMP) whether less than Maximum pumping (P
PMAX) and the beam splitting factor (α) whether less than the maximum beam splitting factor (α
MAX); And
Under situation about either way satisfying, increase total pump power (P
PUMP) and the beam splitting factor (α) till acquired character control line (f (P), f (α)).
7. one kind has at least two amplifying stages (it comprises and generates elementary pump signal (S for AS1, optical amplifier AS2)
PUMP) single pump light source (11), with described elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) be divided into and be fed to first and second amplifying stages (AS1, first pump signal (S1) AS2) and the beam splitter (10) of second pump signal (S2) and the power output (P of monitoring amplifier
OUT) and control elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) control unit,
It is characterized in that,
Tunable beam splitter (10) has the variable beam splitting factor (α); And
The control circuit of revising (12) is designed to:
Be identified for controlling second pump power (P2) of second pump signal (S2) and the power output (P of amplifier thus
OUT) elementary actuating variable (p2);
If elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) total pump power (P
PUMP) less than described elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) maximum total pump power (P
PMAX), then adjust elementary pump signal (S according to described elementary actuating variable (p2)
PUMP) total pump power (P
PUMP), keep the maximum beam splitting factor (α simultaneously
MAX); And
If described total pump power (P
PUMP) equal described elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) maximum total pump power (P
PMAX), then adjust the beam splitting factor (α) of tunable beam splitter (10) according to described elementary actuating variable (p2).
8. optical amplifier according to claim 7 is characterized in that,
The control unit of described modification (12) is designed to:
According to definite elementary pump signal (S
PUMP) pump power (P
PUMP) and the described elementary actuating variable (p2) of the beam splitting factor (α) calculate secondary actuating variable (p, α);
(p α) converts electric control signal (pc, α c) to these secondary actuating variablees; And
Adjust the total pump power (P of pump light source (11) according to described control signal (pc, α c)
PUMP) and the beam splitting factor (α) of tunable beam splitter (10).
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described optical amplifiers, it is characterized in that,
The control unit of described modification (12) is designed to:
Determine the power output (P of amplifier
OUT);
With reference value (P
TAR) and power output (P
OUT) compare;
According to reference value (P
TAR) and power output (P
OUT) difference (Δ p=P
TAR-P
OUT) generate elementary actuating variable (p2).
10. according to claim 7,8 or 9 described methods, it is characterized in that,
The control unit of described modification (12) is designed to:
With Maximum pumping (P
PUMPMAX) and pump power (P
PUMP) compare, perhaps
With total pump power reference value (P
PMAX) compare with the total pump power value of being calculated (p2/ (1-α)); And
Generate secondary actuating variable (pc, α c) according to comparative result.
11. according to the described optical amplifier of one of claim 7-10, it is characterized in that,
Feed forward element (124) is connected to amplifier input terminal (1) via first beam splitter (2) and first optical-electrical converter (8), monitoring input signal (S
IN) and according to input signal (S
IN) variable power generate feedforward component (ff) and described feedforward component (ff) presented to control unit (12).
12. according to the described optical amplifier of one of claim 7-11, wherein
The passive part of amplifier is integrated on the planar lightwave circuit chip.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08004729A EP2101426B1 (en) | 2008-03-13 | 2008-03-13 | Method for controlling an erbium doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) and amplifier arrangement |
| EP08004729.3 | 2008-03-13 | ||
| PCT/EP2009/052822 WO2009112504A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 | 2009-03-11 | Method for controlling an erbium doped fibre amplifier (edfa) and amplifier arrangement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101971531A true CN101971531A (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| CN101971531B CN101971531B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
Family
ID=39643918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980108742.3A Active CN101971531B (en) | 2008-03-13 | 2009-03-11 | Method for controlling an erbium doped fibre amplifier (edfa) and amplifier arrangement |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8493652B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2101426B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101971531B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE509439T1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009112504A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105068355A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | System and method for controlling single-stage multi-pump optical fiber amplifier |
| CN105471508A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 桂林创研科技有限公司 | Optical amplification system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201008003D0 (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-06-30 | Oclaro Technology Plc | Optical Amplifiers |
| US9083142B2 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2015-07-14 | Nec Corporation | Excitation light distribution device, excitation light distribution method, optical amplification system and node device |
| US8941911B2 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-01-27 | Viscore Technologies Inc. | Methods and devices for efficient optical fiber amplifiers |
| US20180084320A1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-22 | Lumentum Operations Llc | Programmable multicast switch |
| US20180351317A1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-12-06 | Analog Photonics LLC | On-chip optical gain circuits |
| WO2019064489A1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-04 | 株式会社フジクラ | Fiber laser system and control method therefor |
| US11870208B2 (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2024-01-09 | Nec Corporation | Optical fiber amplifier, optical fiber amplifier control method, and transmission system |
| CN109543314B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2022-04-15 | 苏州大学 | Optical amplifier rearrangement method of elastic optical network after optical fiber upgrading |
| US11309678B2 (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2022-04-19 | Molex, Llc | Spectrum and power tunable ASE light source |
| WO2023183078A2 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-28 | Exciting Technology LLC | System, method, and apparatus for digital holographic vibration imaging with integrated system phase correction |
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| US5253104A (en) | 1992-09-15 | 1993-10-12 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Balanced optical amplifier |
| JP2546484B2 (en) | 1993-04-13 | 1996-10-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | Optical fiber amplifier device |
| SE509968C2 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1999-03-29 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Variable amplifier optical amplifier |
| US6335823B2 (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2002-01-01 | Fujitsu Limited | Optical amplifier for use in optical communications equipment |
| US5991069A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 1999-11-23 | Tyco Submarine Systems, Ltd. | Split-pumped dual stage optical fiber amplifier |
| JP2001196671A (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-07-19 | Nec Corp | Optical fiber amplifier for wavelength multiplex transmission |
| US6377394B1 (en) | 2000-03-30 | 2002-04-23 | Nortel Networks Limited | Optical amplifier gain control |
| EP1905139B1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2009-06-24 | Nokia Siemens Networks Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multistage fibre amplifier and method for adapting a pump power of a multistage fibre amplifier |
| DE102005031897B4 (en) | 2005-07-07 | 2007-10-25 | Siemens Ag | Multi-stage fiber amplifier |
| US8233214B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2012-07-31 | Maxim Bolshtyansky | Optical fiber amplifier and a control method therefor |
-
2008
- 2008-03-13 EP EP08004729A patent/EP2101426B1/en active Active
- 2008-03-13 AT AT08004729T patent/ATE509439T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-03-11 US US12/922,198 patent/US8493652B2/en active Active
- 2009-03-11 CN CN200980108742.3A patent/CN101971531B/en active Active
- 2009-03-11 WO PCT/EP2009/052822 patent/WO2009112504A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105068355A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | System and method for controlling single-stage multi-pump optical fiber amplifier |
| CN105068355B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-12-14 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | A kind of single-stage pumps the control system and control method of fiber amplifier more |
| CN105471508A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 桂林创研科技有限公司 | Optical amplification system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110085230A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| EP2101426A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 |
| EP2101426B1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| CN101971531B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| WO2009112504A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
| US8493652B2 (en) | 2013-07-23 |
| ATE509439T1 (en) | 2011-05-15 |
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