CN101970929A

CN101970929A - Led lamp and method for its design

Info

Publication number: CN101970929A
Application number: CN2009801064493A
Authority: CN
Inventors: V·阿巴特; A·康蒂; M·比安基
Original assignee: EASY INTERNAT S R L
Current assignee: EASY INTERNAT S R L; Easy International Srl
Priority date: 2008-02-26
Filing date: 2009-02-26
Publication date: 2011-02-09
Also published as: ITPD20080068A1; WO2009107085A2; EP2263430A2; WO2009107085A3

Abstract

LED lamp including a plurality of single LEDs mounted on a common support structure and electrically connected together to receive current from a common power source. The support structure consists of a sheet of plate, thermally connected to the LEDs to dissipate heat thereof, which has a plurality of fins oriented according to lying plane, each bearing mounted a LED. It is also presented a method of designing the lamp starting from the lighting needs of the surface to be illuminated which are translated into constraint conditions for the realization of the lamp and for the disposition of the more appropriate sources.

Description

LED lamp and method for designing thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to LED lamp and manufacture method thereof as the preamble of main independent claims.

The lamp of just discussing is intended to be advantageously used in indoor lighting (for example, room, office, cinema hall, industrial storehouse, warehouse, house etc.) and external environment condition (for example, street, square, stadium etc.).

More accurately, the present invention is a part of making the industrial circle of utensil and lighting device, and is advantageously used in the design in the lighting engineering.

Background technology

Traditional the most common representative of illuminator is incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp and discharge lamp or arc lamp.

As is known, incandescent lamp produces light by making electric current by thin filament, the light in heating at high temperature of described thin filament and the generation visible spectrum.Only efficient is low-down in red-hot generation by filament, this be since energy-producing major part be to provide with the form of heat or the form of infrared black light.Though incandescent lamp has the very short life-span (normally several thousand hours), their manufacturing cost is very low, therefore is extensive use of.

Fluorescent lamp is by following steps work: make electric current by being generally the steam of mercury, produce ultraviolet light then, the luminescent coating that this ultraviolet light is coated over lamp inside absorbs, thereby makes it luminous.The heat that fluorescent lamp produces lacks than the heat that incandescent lamp produces, yet, because producing ultraviolet light and in it converts the process of visible light to, having lost part energy, so efficient is low.Fluorescent lamp is more expensive than incandescent lamp usually, but can keep about 1000 hours.In addition, these light fixtures have the toxic compounds that can reveal and need specific disposal under the situation of breaking, so just increased installation cost.

Compare with incandescent lamp with fluorescent lamp, much higher as the light quantity that the discharge lamp or the arc lamp of neon lamp produces in every surface unit, therefore more generally be used to throw light on big zone or energy efficiency become the place of the factor of appreciable impact installation cost.

Yet, even these lamps also distribute a large amount of heat, compare with given watt, reduced the efficient of the lumen that produces.These lamps are the luminous and needs use reflector along each direction also, in case reflector has been installed in illuminating device, will significantly reduce and limit productive rate.More effective lamp does not allow mobile minimizing easily, and this is because of its functional characteristic and because they have changed emission spectrum under the situation that change is supplied with, so feasible being difficult to is used in it under condition of the minimizing of flowing.

Recently, use LED more and more advanced as the illuminator and the lamp of light source.Except metal iodide lamp, the illumination efficiency (the lumen number with every watt is assessed) that known above-mentioned traditional light produces system is lower and more much lower than the illumination efficiency of LED lamp, yet, described metal iodide lamp is the efficient 30%-40% that sharply descends in being installed in working flare the time, and also there is the shortcoming that is difficult to regulate its luminous flux in it.Yet, to compare with the LED lamp, described traditional illuminator is still preferred at present, and this is because their manufacturing cost is lower.

This is owing to the present cost of LED lamp is still very high, and the lumen that each LED produced is very low, makes that (as mentioned) traditional lamp is still very convenient.

The advantage of LED mainly is to consume than above-mentioned traditional lamp the electric power of much less, this is that being also advantageous in that of LED can be regulated the chromatic value that produces in desirable strength and the incident ray by using different led colors because the hot much less that produces as accessory substance and they have the high colour gamut that equals (even the words that are no more than) iodide lamp.

At present LED light fixture on the market has too high cost and CRI (colour rendering index promptly reproduces the ability of object color) is but quite low.

As is known, the expectation that technological innovation causes causes it is believed that LED will overcome current problem and will reduce manufacturing cost, and its improvement degree makes them will be more conducive to replace traditional illuminator always.

Compare with traditional illumination system, LED is the spot light that needs to be constructed by a large amount of assemblings power apparatus.

Therefore, the manufacturing cost of LED illumination not only is subjected to the cost impact of each LED, but also is subjected to it is assembled in the influence of the manufacturing process on the support member that is used for the lamp realization significantly.

At present, LED is designed to not only be installed on the printed circuit board (PCB) by traditional PTH technology (reach through hole) but also by SMT technology (surface mounting technique).With reference to up-to-date package technique, on printed circuit (hereafter is CS), once planned many solutions and removed the heat that LED produces, as is known, described heat has appreciable impact to performance and the life-span of LED.

In addition, the LED power supply must be in specific constant current, therefore can not change with the variation of temperature or rail voltage.

In order to solve heat dissipation problem, LED is manufactured into and is mechanically related with metal derby (particularly being connected to electrode).Yet if there is not the mode of heat radiation, this metal derby is not enough to remove the heat that LED produces, especially under LED and other next-door neighbour's LED is arranged side by side with the situation that strengthens the lamp lighting power.

The solution of Cai Yonging is on the surface of CS radiator to be set traditionally, and this radiator normally comb shape is thermally connected to LED to increase heat-delivery surface by the plated through-hole that passes printed circuit.Perhaps, use suitable " MC " (" metal-cored ") section bar material, on this material, be connected to the cabling of the printed circuit of radiator subsequently.

Except owing to the operation that has radiator and connect radiator causes the cost height, verified, this solution is unpractical, this is because the heat of accumulating in the radiator at high temperature exposes the long time with LED, so manufacturing process does not allow with traditional welding system the LED pin to be welded to the CS pad.Therefore, weld very difficulty under the radiator situation and during this period of time occur usually breaking or cause false the joint existing.

The lamp that LED is installed on the CS also needs to use supporting construction to support CS, thereby can tolerate mechanical stress, is generally used for being assembled on street lamp, roof, wall, the arterial highway etc.

For the needs that a plurality of LED are installed must with according to specific environment illumination needs the distribute needs of LED of the optimized structure of orientation are combined allowing.

At present the supporting construction of the available on the market LED of being used for lamp does not satisfy most of different illumination needs with the LED inherence to need combining with the needs of realizing scattering in every way the lamp of light of heat radiation well.

Transmission light must use lens with the needs of the big distance of effective realization.Usually, these lens not only cause the internal reflection loss, but also are used to respect to LED plane guiding of living in light, thereby cause aberration and loss in efficiency.

Patent U.S.6045240 and U.S.2007/0187701 illustrate two examples of lamp embodiment, and wherein a plurality of LED are installed on the special CS, and this CS has relevant heat abstractor and described a plurality of LED is connected to the rigid mechanical supporting construction.

At present, the method that is used to limit the distribution of light sources that can throw light on to the specific region be not flexible especially aspect the characteristic of design lamp, and described characteristic for example is quantity, distribution, orientation, power and the cost of the LED that will use and the size of lamp.

Therefore, aspect the flexible policy selection of each distribution consistency degree of optimizing the power that utilized, lamp cost, irradiation etc., these class methods are invalid.

In addition, according to present known lighting engineering, select lamp according to priori usually, making needs the LED of correct number guaranteeing required power, thereby is wanting to obtain required irradiation on the illuminated surface.Known method plan is used for verifying based on specified power selects and is distributed and be orientated the required lighting condition performance of structure that the priori of the lamp that more approaching required WBR distributes is determined.

Because can not freely change the characteristic of radiation source, this empirical approach is proved in practice and is not there is not defective, the optimization that it does not allow LED to use, thus finally cause with high costs.

Summary of the invention

In this case, therefore basic purpose of the present invention has been to overcome the known defect that solution showed of known type, makes the LED lamp for using, and the low cost of manufacture of this LED etc. and operation are gone up reliable fully.

The LED lamp that another object of the present invention is to make it possible to dispose effectively heat can be used.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LED lamp, and this LED lamp is provided with the supporting construction that LED can easily be installed.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LED lamp, and this LED lamp is provided with supporting construction, and this supporting construction can be come easily directed LED according to the different needs of illumination project.

Therefore, another object of the present invention is to solve the defective that is shown by current known method, to limit the mode that environment (inside and outside) is thrown light on, the present invention also provides a kind of method for designing of lamp, specifically be the method for designing of LED lamp, it can limit the lamp that can satisfy required illumination needs in very easy mode.

Another object of the present invention is to make the method for designing of lamp to use, and this method can illuminate environment in the mode of economy.

Description of drawings

In the content of following claim, clearly find technical characteristic of the present invention according to above purpose, and from the following specific embodiment with reference to accompanying drawing, it is clearer that advantage of the present invention will become, and accompanying drawing is represented pure exemplary two examples rather than restrictive embodiment, wherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic perspective view with first example of the embodiment of the lamp object of the present invention of the power of first installation of metallic support sheet and control card assembling;

Fig. 2 illustrates another stereogram of the lamp among Fig. 1, and some of them LED is installed in second of described support chip;

Fig. 3 illustrates the amplification details among the Fig. 2 of the fin (fin) with reference to support chip;

Fig. 4 illustrates the details enlarged drawing with reference to the lamp of the printed circuit that supports LED, has wherein removed some parts to give prominence to other parts better;

Fig. 5 illustrates the stereogram of the support substrate of the LED on the predetermined printed circuit that will be installed among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 illustrate two stereograms of the printed circuit among Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 illustrates the perspective diagram of second example of lamp object embodiment of the present invention, has wherein removed some parts to give prominence to first side that other parts and LED mechanically or electricly are connected to the metallic support sheet in a different manner better;

Fig. 9 illustrates another stereogram of lamp among Fig. 8, and it has given prominence to second side of described support chip;

Figure 10 and Figure 11 illustrate the amplification details of the lamp among Fig. 8 relevant with the fin of the support chip that shows its both sides;

Figure 12 illustrates and is scheduled to be installed in the LED on the lamp among Fig. 8 to Figure 11;

Figure 13 illustrates the cover of second side of the metallic support sheet that is used to cover LED;

Figure 14 illustrates the concrete schematic perspective view with reference to the 3rd example of the lamp object embodiment of the present invention of the support fin that is supported on the LED on the sheet metal by separator;

Figure 15 illustrates the schematic perspective view of the 4th example of lamp object embodiment of the present invention, has wherein removed some parts with more outstanding other parts, has LED, forms sheet metal by different way;

Figure 16 illustrates another stereogram of lamp among Figure 15, and it has given prominence to second side of described support chip;

Figure 17 illustrates the detail with reference to the amplification of lamp among Figure 15 of lampshade among Figure 15;

Figure 18 illustrates the detail with reference to the amplification of any figure lamp before the covering lens that are used for LED;

Figure 19, Figure 20 schematically show and want two illuminated surfaces, and wherein first is inner, and second is outside;

Figure 21 schematically shows and wants illuminated surface among Figure 20, and the tiling that wherein superposes is to be divided into a plurality of small pieces with whole surface;

Figure 22 illustrates the envelope that may increase that obtains with respect to the combination of two curves of lip-deep peaked illumination percentage by performance;

Figure 23 illustrates the part of the surperficial S that wants illuminated schematically;

Figure 24 illustrates the illuminated surperficial S that wants in the accompanying drawing that the front is divided into small pieces;

Figure 25 illustrates the behavior of the irradiation that is produced from the teeth outwards by two lamps, and wherein expression irradiation power and the projective representation in the plane on the plane on surface compare the locus of points with different irradiation percentage on the Y-axis with the center of maximum value;

Figure 26 and Figure 27 illustrate two different power circuits according to the LED of lamp of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing, the lamp of purpose of the present invention is shown as 1.

The lamp of goal of the invention goes for outdoor or indoor, and under the situation of the protection domain that does not exceed present patent application, can adopt its better form to finish.

Lamp 1 is provided with a plurality of different white light LEDs 2 (power LED), and these LED 2 are installed in common support structure (following will describing) and go up and be electrically connected to each other, with from public power (not being shown specifically in the accompanying drawings) received power.

The potential design according to the present invention, supporting construction comprises suitably shaped metal sheet 3, it can assemble and locate LED 2 and as radiator.

More specifically, this metal sheet 3 is preferably made by aluminium flake, its thickness range be 0.5mm-2mm and have above be equipped with first side of seeing 3 of LED 2 ' and above second side 3 of electric assembly is installed ", described electric assembly is used to make the power control card 40 that comprises electric current and voltage and the lamp 1 of power card 30 to move.

The periphery of the aluminium flake 2 that preferably is square is folded, and to realize stiffening frame, this stiffening frame is intended to give structural rigidity to lamp 1.More specifically, this framework comprises at least one neighboring 4 that the end by the limit of folded metal sheet 3 obtains, preferably along the orthogonal direction that stretches with respect to sheet metal 3.

In addition, can be positioned at conplane neighboring realization circumference band (perimetral band) 5 with sheet metal 3 by further folding, to limit ledge as clamp structure.

Obviously can obtain frame strengthening spare by different structures (for example, by making tubular frame), for this reason, giving rigidity to structure, so it falls in the protection domain of present patent application with the end on the limit of multitude of different ways bent sheet metal 3.

Preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, when lamp was installed, sheet metal 3 limited the placement on the plane of preferably wanting horizontally disposed, perhaps more generally, with it towards wanting irradiated environment setting.

Yet sheet metal 3 will for example, can come moulding by the shape that is molded into convex, spill or moulding differently according to any three dimensional constitution moulding.

On sheet metal 3, the distance that LED 2 separates is enough to and can suitably dispels the heat, so that LED 2 remains in the scope of designed optimum performance.

On sheet metal 3, obtain a plurality of grooves 6 by cutting or punching press, the border of the fin 7 of corresponding LED 2 above limiting, each groove 6 is installed.

Therefore fin 7 is parts of same sheet metal 3, and is connected by the folded piece 8 that is provided with along a fillet, and can not hinder the residue flat of sheet metal 3, shown in the example in the accompanying drawing.

Certainly, one or more connections edge (particularly along folded piece alignment) can be set, substitute the folded piece that on the whole development length on one side of fin 7, extends.

In case carved the plate of sheet metal 3 according to the required form of fin 7, just can be by sheet metal along the folded piece 8 plasticity folded fins of fillet, fin 7 is moving from a thruster, make it appear at the required side of sheet metal.

Can limit the folding angle of each fin 7 according to orientation with respect to LED light vertebra.This angle can determine by suitable lamp method for designing advantageously that it forms theme of the present invention and is intended to according to the distribution and the orientation that the illumination of environment are made up LED.

Therefore, advantageously, can wish the angle that the residing orientation of LED is regulated fin 7 according to people.

The position of groove 6 on plate 3 of being intended to limit the quantity of fin 7 and position can be in response to the different designs needs of lamp 1, so that specified application obtains similar wide light emission and much the same intensity according to this lamp.

For angle that can stable regulation fin 7, the latter is provided with leg-supporting 9, and specifically it is outstanding from the limit relative with fillet.Shank 9 has tooth portion 10, engages the relation that keeps at differing heights in the opening 11 that this tooth portion 10 is suitable for obtaining on plate 3.

Advantageously, by shape sheet cutting is obtained each fin 7 according to opening 11.

According to first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, each fin 7 supporting printing board 12 (hereafter is CS) adopts the SMT technology that the scope of freedom of printed circuit board (PCB) 12 is fixed to corresponding LED 2.By (for example) by one or more rivet 60 (examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, even single rivet also is enough) device of the fastener of composition is fixed to fin with this CS, and each rivet is inserted in the plated through-hole 80 in the hole 81 that has corresponding alignment in the fin 7.CS 12 is provided with metallized vias 90, and this metallized vias 90 is positioned at below the LED 2 and is positioned on the CS 12, is used for its heat is delivered to the plate 3 of the opposite side that is fixed to CS.On CS, be provided with two two plated through-holes 70 that are connected to the electrode 72 of LED by cabling 71, wherein, can LED be welded or be fixed in the end of power line by fastening hook (fast-hook) device.Preferably, conductor passes the opening 50 that obtains on the fin 7, from second side 3 of electric assembly has been installed " lead to first side 3 that LED has been installed '.

The light vertebra that fin 7 orientations of residing plane in the space make LED produce sends in required direction, and is as described below, and preferably the method for designing by the lamp 1 of purpose of the present invention limits.

Therefore, very possible according to the mutual plane inclined shown in the example among Fig. 9 in they have had directed lamp, and in the ordinary course of things, its further groove 6 ' group produce fin 7 on the plate 3 directed on the clinoplain.

According to second embodiment shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 12, each LED 2 is provided with at least the first pin conductor 13 that directly contacts with sheet metal 3.The first pin conductor 13 is provided with first hole 14, and the hole that rivet 15 passes on the fin 7 the correspondence alignment that is provided with is received in first hole 14, thus mechanical connection LED 2 and between LED 2 and sheet metal 3, generate heat bridge and connect, so that its heat is delivered to structure.Fin 7 is arranged on the both sides of insulating barrier 16, does not exist in the position corresponding to the described first pin conductor 13, thereby allows fax to be passed to sheet metal 3.

Preferably, LED 2 is provided with the second pin conductor 17, this second pin conductor 17 is electrically connected to the metal routing 18 that is arranged in insulating barrier 16 tops, insulating barrier 16 be set to first 3 of sheet metal 3 ' covering, and as mentioned above, limit the border of the conductive region below the first pin electrode 13, to realize and being electrically connected of support chip 3.Described metal routing 18 is connected to first connector 20, this first connector 20 can receive the plug (not shown) that is used to be connected to power supply, and described metal routing 18 first 3 of sheet metal 3 ' on develop branch 18 ', thereby a plurality of LED 2 are electrically connected.

The second other connector 21 can be set, sheet metal be connected to ground or be connected to other power electrode.Therefore, the support member that is used for LED will be similarly forms (therefore, should be appreciated that the Reference numeral 7 in Figure 10 and Figure 11 is fin 7 and the scheduled described gripper shoe that is installed on the fin 7) by the metallic plate that is fixed on then on the fin 7.

Preferable solution according to the invention; (for example provide a kind of plastic material; materials such as cellophane) coating, it is used for guard lamp makes it avoid being subjected to weather effect and for security reasons it is isolated, even related power can not cause harm to the people usually.

Figure 13 illustrates the cover 100 with hole 101, this hole 101 helps circulation of air with cooling LED, and described cover 100 is intended for covering second side 3 of the metallic support sheet 3 of LED 2 ".

According to the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 14, keep fin, make one side and sheet metal 3 that certain distance be arranged, to pass through separator 9 ' these fin 7 residing planes of orientation as desirable, this separator 9 ' adjustable length, have the head that joins in the hole that on fin 7 and this sheet metal 3, obtains.

Be enough to just keeping fin 7 rigidity in place after folding fin 7 if the latter is selected to its thickness by required angle, then the free edge of fin 7 can not have fully shank 9 and separator 9 '.

According to Figure 15 to the 4th embodiment shown in Figure 17, according to determined residing plane, with conitnuous forms in the mode of single main body shaping metal sheets for having fin 7, preferably by fusion, press and melt or the technology of hot pressing and moulding.

,, metal sheet is shaped in the mode of single main body with conitnuous forms and has fin 7 to the 4th embodiment shown in Figure 17 according to Figure 15 according to residing plane, preferably by fusion, press molten or hot pressing technology and moulding.

In these technologies, realized the main body 200 of moulding, this main body 200 begins to form and specifically is by having being recessed to form of polygonal shape from plate 3.

Each polygon is provided with some fins that obtained by its surface, and LED is intended to support at least one surface.

The advantage of the fin 7 that is obtained by groove 6 is, has the possibility that sheet metal 3 is applicable to the specific needs that can change in a way.In addition, the manufacturing process by cutting manufacturing fin 7 is very simple and flexible.

Otherwise, above-mentioned and Figure 15 forms plate (specifically being aluminium) and fin to the embodiment shown in Figure 17 and is directed but does not have groove, this makes that standardized manufacturing process is faster, and is particularly conducive to wherein LED with the main manufacturing process of the lamp of constant mode orientation.

According to the 4th embodiment, first 3 ' on the lid 300 that plastics or glass by layer of transparent obtain is set, this layer have with respect to the shape 300 of polygon main body 300 reverse moldings of plate 3 '.Therefore, shape 300 ' transparent surface and the support fin 7 that supports LED surperficial parallel.

Yet the thickness internal that light can remain on the layer of plastics or glass divides ground to transmit, thereby causes irritating phenomenon, can cover or brushing edge or it is sunk in the fusion of aluminium effectively avoid this phenomenon by the side.

Described favourable feature guarantees that the internal reflection of the light that LED produces is less.

Similarly, as shown in figure 18, relevantly with LED install abreast with LED, and have the sidewall 600 (particularly columniform) that is positioned on the LED base for this purpose with the possible lens 500 that change its emission light vertebra size.

The lens this layout parallel with LED can be avoided the loss of the illumination efficiency that causes owing to following reason: the bigger incident angle of advance in the material with inclination lens bigger distance, light and the diffraction and the aberration that therefore increase.As is known, there is the physics limit angle (Snell maximum angular) that makes incident light generation total reflection.

Lamp 1 is used to the inside and outside environment that throws light on as defined above, it has LED 2 on support chip 3, and use the method for designing that also forms target of the present invention to determine position and orientation, and the lamp 1 that illustrates before the following reference is described, convenient in order to set forth, kept Reference numeral.

Therefore, purpose of the present invention also is the method for designing of lamp 1 (particularly LED type, i.e. purpose in the description before).

The method according to this invention provides the initial qualification stage of the surperficial S that wants illuminated, and it can be meant internal environment or the external environment condition that defines in room or any other building.

Figure 19 and Figure 20 schematically show two surfaces will throwing light on as an example, and in these two surfaces one is relevant with external environment condition and another is relevant with crossroad.

With reference to latter event, this method is specially adapted to design and will be installed on the lamppost or can be to the lamp 1 of illumination is provided such as public domains such as road, crossroad, squares.

Specifically, and described qualification stage use function S (x, y, z) the described region S of expression in the coordinate of for example quadrature, (x, y z) are represented as this lip-deep general point, as shown in Figure 23 to P.

(z), purpose is to describe surperficial S and goes up the required illumination in arbitrfary point for x, y to define illumination function I on the surperficial S further.Required illumination on the described function representation surface, and for example will even can comprise dark areas, as the example of representing with B among Figure 20, for example on flower beds, place.

Therefore, this method provides the stage of surperficial S discretization that will be illuminated by the separation structure that schematically shows among Figure 21 or small pieces, and Figure 21 illustrates with plane and wants illuminated zone among Figure 20.

Described retinitis structure allows to limit the zone of a plurality of small pieces T on surperficial S, each zone is provided with the representative points in the zone of the centre of form (centroid) Pa or die element T, and by comparison, traditionally can be the average characteristics of the illumination value in the whole zone of elements T and geometry as attribute.

In order to simplify calculating, for example, can be at the barycenter in the zone of small pieces T (referring to Figure 24), the perhaps some place (is under the situation of quadrangular forms at small pieces) that limits of the cornerwise infall on each limit that limits small pieces T, perhaps, mark centre of form Pa at the some place (being under the situation of triangle small pieces) of the infall definition of the center line at each angle of small pieces.

Centre of form Pa will have conventional coordinates (Xa, Ya, therefore Za) and will represent the photocurrent versus light intensity in the whole zone of small pieces T.

By the prediction of discretization surface S and with reference to having the geometry of whole regional Ti and the point of photocurrent versus light intensity, make to allow to calculate with simplified way control, with the characteristic of definition lamp 1, as described below.

Specifically, will provide the following characteristic of centre of form Pa:

The direction vector of-die element T (versor) (xa, ya, za), it is understood that with the surperficial vertical direction in the zone of small pieces T (on average obtaining by the direction on the whole zone of small pieces T is asked) or by the vertical direction of the small region at the centroid point Pa place that is interpreted as at small pieces T in simple mode;

The mean value of-required irradiation Ia.

Be each centre of form definition COEFFICIENT K, this COEFFICIENT K has been considered because according to respect to the distance of the light source of the direction of die element T orientation direction and the decay of the die element T institute receiver radiation that orientation causes.

For this reason, (XO, YO ZO) are defined as the arbitrary initial point of light source, and this light source has the main transmit direction of representing with R among Figure 20, and described transmit direction is defined as the connecting line between a PO and the Pa at random will to put PO in advance on the surface of lamp (being shown as SL).

In other words, we suppose to concentrate on a single point PO by all led light sources of initial lamp 1 (XO, YO ZO) locate, and have the direction that PO is connected with Pa.

Compare with this direction of illumination R with this initial point PO, distribute centre of form Pa (Xa therefore can for each centre of form Pa, Ya, Za) diffusion coefficient (dissipation) Ka, this coefficient considered simultaneously distance D between Pa and the PO (with square decay inversely of distance) and with centre of form vector (xa, ya, za) direction of illumination of the main emission shaft R that compares of the region direction of the die element T of Xian Dinging is (especially under normal that uses small region and the situation with the cosine angle between Pa and the line that PO is connected, it is this because the diffusion that the nonorthogonality between the surface of irradiation and small pieces T causes is valuable, wherein, point to the phasor coordinate that to know the present position by cosine).

Usually, want K on the illuminated surperficial S not only to depend on the some PO of the light source on the surperficial S1 of lamp 1 but also depend on the function of surperficial SL of expression point PO place lamp 1 and the illumination function Ψ (ρ of light source, θ, partial derivative φ), it will be conical usually or more tend to conical envelope.

In the T sheet, want the illuminated discrete stage of surperficial S to obtain by known mathematic calculation, for example specifically be to obtain in the method described in the following document: Computing Discrete Minimal Surfaces and Their Conjugates. (Ulrich Konrad PinkallPolthier 1993) by known transfinite interpolation and (for example), Mean Value Coordinates (Michael S.Floater), On transnite Barycentric Coordinates (Alexander Belyaev Max Planck Institut fui Inforormatik, Saarbrucken, Germany).

In case define at each zone of the separation T that has divided surperficial S and the geometrical property of known these parts, be the some Pa (xa of the centre of form, ya, za) and its direction vector (xa, ya, za), if illumination function I on the known surface S and the known some PO that will suppose the LED that assembles lamp 1, may be advanced to the qualification stage of the restrictive condition that lamp 1 will stand as datum mark.This stage comprises the qualification of a plurality of benchmark irradiation values (hereinafter being called lrif), and it equals the quantity of these parts and obtain (and then calculated by the distance of Pa and PO and the surface of small pieces T and the orientation between the direction of illumination) by the required irradiation value Ia of a part under the situation of having considered penalty factor Ka.

The N of described Irif restrictive condition that is worth so represents design LED modulation characteristic is with the illuminate condition on the final satisfied surperficial S that will throw light on that turns to a plurality of parts with centre of form Pa that disperses.

Quantity is that the led light source of Ni is following light source in essence in the composition of final lamp: it is luminous along preferred orientations, makes that its emission shaft R is limited, and this emission shaft R can be taken as reference axis, and at l LED, it satisfies following general formula:

xi＝xol+al＊t

yi＝yol+bl＊t

zi＝zol+cl＊t

Wherein: xl, yl, zl are the functions of independent variable t.

Xo, yo and zo are the emission values at the initial point PO place of emission.

Usually limit certain volume by conical envelope around described axle, this relates to total emission of led light source, the summation of l promptly single light source.

This volume determine to be wanted the zone on the illuminated surperficial S, and it can be calculated as the zone by the irradiation of the selected predetermined percentage of any selection that has with respect to the emission maximum that is provided with on the main emission shaft in their borders.

For the realization of verifying lighting condition or for the restrictive condition of the calculating that is reduced in the described method that is used for designing lamp 1, as will be described below, use this zone.

Therefore the maximum illumination that is produced by l light source is defined as ^EmaxiAnd the irradiation that the some Pa place of the surperficial S that throws light on produces is defined as K ^Emaxi, (for example and preferably, KEl/X), it is designed to want the locus of points on the irradiated surperficial S, the described locus of points has the K of equaling can to calculate some function KE1/X ^EmaxlThe irradiation of X% and (for example) KE1/50 or equal K ^Emaxi50% irradiation.

So, for example, suppose that l light source can produce the irradiation K of 100lux at a Pa place ^Emaxi, then described method limits has 50lux (that is K, ^Emaxi50%) the locus of points.

Usually, the locus of points of the light source that uses " even closely also not uniting ", as (for example) at text Gabriele Darbo " Punti uniti in transformazioni a codomino non compatt0 " (" Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della University of Padova; described in the tome 24 (1955, p.84-92) ").

(φ) direction of the emission shaft of (for example, the taper shape) PO that gets along well usually overlaps with connecting line between the Pa illumination function Ψ for ρ, θ.In this case, carry out angle translation and moving curve Ψ (ρ, θ, φ), it is used as the angle θ o between maximum illumination axle and the geometry reference axis Ro as benchmark 0, and be substituted by equation Ψ (ρ by angle θ=θ o+ θ, θ, φ), we have translation formula, this formula makes calculating to simplify of Emax, like this will be always hypothesis formation central circular advantageously.

Therefore described method provides by selecting at least one light source to select the stage of checking restrictive condition in specific LED type from the realization of the first condition (corresponding to because the some Pa on the surperficial S with certain penalty coefficient Ka that the distance of the direction of the setting element of comparing with the PO light source and PA and P0 causes) of Irif.

The selection of this broad sense (specifically being LED) can be guaranteed and can realize the Irif that asked with various optimized conditions.

To the selection strategy of light source will be preferably with reference to the database of the light source of the tape index that can be used for this class power irradiation Emaxi.

Selection strategy can (for example) considers to select to have the light source of power Emaxi that the most approaching needs are used for satisfying the Irif of first condition.Have only when finding that Emaxi makes the irradiation deviation value ε that is produced by selected l light source, can think that the condition that realized that this identical, described value ε are that benchmark irradiation according to this first condition comes any a priori qualification.

Can have following situation: in order to satisfy the described condition of irradiation Irif, many light sources 1 must be used in reference to this identical point on the surperficial S of Irif representative.This condition can convert out by following formula:

Wherein Emaxtot represent all Emaxi summation near Irif, its difference is less than ε.

Otherwise what may take place is, if point to this point, does not have available power source Emaxi low as to be enough to satisfy the illuminate condition that is provided with.

The selection of light source is caused forming the matrix M of selected light source, and each light source all possesses orientation and the self characteristics emission of himself.

The database of available light source can be by suitably being expanded by the availability of the light source I of Emaxi value identification, and this Emaxi value equals the surface percentage value that obtains by the transmitting power of regulating Emax as described below.

Under the situation without any available enough low power source Emaxl, this restrictive condition that is used to calculate can be removed and can cause automatically being satisfied is the light of launching from other adjacent light source.

Must carry out iteration to calculating, till the restrictive condition that satisfies all these Irif.

At the end in this stage of verifying restrictive condition, will determine the sensing of power Emaxl and each selected light source Nl.The method according to this invention target realizes the removal of the restrictive condition of the interactive checking that restrictive condition is identified for calculating subsequently.

In addition,, just will provide the control stage, to verify other restrictive condition of final realization before satisfying other restriction adding multiple light courcess more to Irif in case determined to satisfy the light source (one or more) of this condition.

In addition, this control stage can comprise the stage that limits the influence area by computing function K Emaxl/X (promptly calculating the zone that the locus of points on the irradiated surperficial S is wanted in aforesaid conduct), wherein irradiation equals X% (K Emaxl), and for example KEl/50 equals 50% of K Emaxl.

According to the preferred embodiment of said method, all Correlation Criterias that fall into by the point in the pairing scope of function K Emaxl/X will be deleted automatically.

In this way, in each step of calculating, compare with the iterative step in calculating, it is faster that Correlation Criteria reduces ground, and this makes it possible to more rapid convergence to solution, the i.e. design condition of lamp 1.

In addition, more than can cause the envelope phase of the function KEmaxl/X of the light source selected to qualification stage of influence area, this is the envelope that is positioned at the increase below the elongated area in order to limit, and the point that produces Correlation Criteria can fall in this elongated area and will automatically be removed.

These purposes of removing steps are dual, promptly are used to accelerate to calculate and are used to avoid introduce when having satisfied condition according to selection before again unnecessary light source.For this reason, determine envelope curve (for example, preferably KE1/50) as the locus of points, the percentage irradiation of the selection that obtains by being superimposed of N light source having selected, with single curved profile chain together, to limit the envelope of described increase.Therefore, proceeding to before checking realizes other Irif with the condition of another spot correlation or by other light source, must carry out above check, these checks can be removed more by to the identical selection of LED before and satisfied condition.

In Figure 22, show the envelope of increase, this envelope is by being combined to form of two curves of the irradiation KEl/50 on the surperficial S, one of them curve is oval and another is quadrangle substantially.The envelope of the increase that draws as two curve sums is the locus of points that has irradiation (for example, equaling KEl/50) once more.

In the iteration of each calculating of the new restrictive condition that is designed to satisfy Irif, control thus, with the irradiation that detects selected light source whether to around point produced influence, promptly whether satisfy other restrictive condition.

In carrying out this checking process, preferably will consider the weight of the light source in the irradiation of the new Correlation Criteria of environmental area.The qualification stage of influence area will be considered this weight, and it depends on the selection to KEX%.For example, suppose to have selected KEl/50, will consider that then the radius with the influence area multiply by the inverse of percentage (that is, in this case, multiply by 2), and will from the checking of boundary condition is subsequently calculated, remove point in all influence areas that fall into double radius.In fact, if be provided with the light source of other sensing with the point of the distance setting of double radius, then will be by irradiation uniformly in the definite zone line as shown in accompanying drawing 25 of the stack of irradiation.

In case the calculating of all boundary conditions or the stage of checking finish, just will finish the matrix of Ni light source, wherein each all has known power Emaxl and sensing.

Be that the light source of identification is positioned at stage on the surperficial S1 of lamp 1 now.

This stage seems that easy especially, above-mentioned lamp 1 allows to be provided with light source, and each light source has the orientation of self on the fin 7 of adjustable inclination.The light source that proposes in using database can not satisfy under the situation of the condition that some points are applied, this method will be calculated once more, different supplies is provided, it is intended to change the transmitting power Emax of led light source, in the example of following appointment, add assembly by (for example), that is, comprise and use different lens to amplify or dwindle the zone of light cone and thus with predetermined K Emax _l/ X% comes the change point track, will correctly change the transmitting power Emax of led light source.

Carry out selection to each light source along the restriction of opposed area Ad of heat radiation, this should include consideration in the design of lamp 1.Therefore, the final stage of this method constitutes the design of lamp 1, perhaps more generally, the entire lighting device of the object of the invention, its passed through the data that calculate limiting aspect each, described data are:

The sum of-light source (particularly advantageously between different performance LED, selecting);

The type of-each light source and power;

-each light source is pointed to some Pa, wherein satisfied the Irif condition;

Minimum range between-one light source and another light source promptly must dissipate necessary with mm to the cooling that is used for that light source guarantees ²Regional Ad for unit;

-at the power type of each light source, therefore there is near the final power supply electronic circuit power that distributes the light source, it is used to make the general supply that is provided to be suitable for the needs of light source or single source group.

Aforesaid method makes it possible to be easy to design lamp 1 according to specific needs (for example, used power or whole cost).In fact, the Emaxl of each lamp 1 can be attached with to selecting favourable or harmful weight, this selection is to carry out at the Qualify Phase that is used to satisfy single Correlation Criteria, can limit weight according to selected strategy.For example, can expect to punish more expensive LED to realize minimum cost.

The method of finishing with light emitting diode (LED) designs each part of this device, to obtain the illumination of required kind.

Figure 26 illustrates the possible circuit structure of known LED self.The purpose of this circuit is to provide constant current to LED, and no matter the value of the voltage Va that power supply provided or how change, thus stabilized illumination obtained.

The advantage of this circuit is the simplicity of its realization.

Yet, adopting this structure circuit, the power that will remove can be very high.In fact, provide the illumination of lacking than the nominal illumination if desired, the electric current that then is provided to LED should reduce, and this most of power that just means that power supply provides should dissipate on the resistor of circuit, and is not used in illumination.For efficient is improved, should change magnitude of voltage Va, yet, in this case, must provide the voltage of varying level at each diode, require described each diode to send the light of varying strength.

In order to change light emitted intensity, should change the

resistor

30 and 40 in the circuit.In more detail, according to Figure 26, the electric current I d that flows through diode passes the Ib sum that the electric current I 40 of resistor 40 and base stage from BJT flow out.If BJT is biased to voltage between base stage and the emission collection (conforming to the voltage of the terminal of resistor 40) and keeps constant in active area, then electric current 140 will be constant.The voltage that provides from power supply A is provided current Ib.This electric current is usually less than I40.

This just causes the variation of supply voltage only to cause electric current I d that limited variation (can ignore in theory) takes place.According to the present invention, a kind of new type integrated circuit that is used for to the LED power supply is provided in Figure 27, it is suitable for easily changing the illumination that is provided.

Internal circuit comprises the LED that is provided with feedback network, and this feedback network is made up of simulated assembly and digital assembly.Two outer members (being inductor 33 and resistor 43) are connected to this circuit, and in addition, the capacitor 50 of circuit 170 also can be arranged on the outside.These assemblies are as the parameter of the luminous intensity of control diode emission.

The electric current that is provided to LED is the square wave form, and its frequency range is 1KHz.Diode will be worked off and on, have only when signal level just luminous when being high.Wave frequency makes human eye be unaware of intermittent light and it is considered as continuous.If want more high-intensity light, then the high level of electric current was kept in longer a period of time of signal, so diode will be luminous in the long time interval in each time period: human eye will be seen stronger light in this way.On the contrary, if diode keeps not working in than the time period of Chief Signal Boatswain, then eyes will be seen less light.

This structure is than before more complicated, and on the other hand, this technology makes that embodiment is not difficult to realize.

Adopt this scheme, can use the brightness of identical each single diode of Control of Voltage.

LED keeps and the proportional a period of time interval of required luminous intensity, has reduced the energy consumption that power supply provides like this.Therefore power dissipation is lower.

Therefore, the present invention who so finds out has realized set target.

Apparently, in its actual implementation, do not break away from (reason for this reason) under the situation of protection domain and adopt and above-mentioned different form and structure.In addition, can replace all details, and as required, employed form, size and material can be arbitrarily by the element of technical equivalence.

Claims

1. LED lamp, described LED lamp comprises a plurality of single LED and heat abstractor, described LED is installed on the common support structure and is electrically connected with from the public power received current, described heat abstractor is suitable for spreading the heat that described LED produces, it is characterized in that described supporting construction is made up of plate and is thermally connected to described LED so that it is dispelled the heat.

2. LED lamp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described a plurality of fins that are provided with according to predetermined plane of living in orientation, each fin carries LED, and described LED is by seamlessly installing and be connected to described plate along at least one folded piece of at least one fillet setting.

3. LED lamp according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the fin of the described a plurality of orientations that limited by a plurality of grooves of correspondence.

4. LED lamp according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, by fusing, press fusion or being hot pressed into the integrally described metal sheet of moulding of continuous shape, makes described fin carry out orientation according to these predetermined residing planes.

5. LED lamp according to claim 4 is characterized in that the fin of described a plurality of orientations limits by the main body of moulding, and particularly with polygonal form, described fin begins to form from described plate, particularly as depression.

6. LED lamp according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the lid that is obtained by transparent plastic or glassy layer or be arranged to covers the lid of the first surface of described metal sheet, described layer is provided with the shape with respect to the reverse molding of the polygon main body of described metal sheet, makes described moulding result's transparent surface be parallel to the surface of the described fin that described forming body defines.

7. LED lamp according to claim 5 is characterized in that, comprises be parallel at least one lens that this LED base arrange relevant with at least one LED, and has the sidewall that is positioned on the described LED base for this reason, and is particularly columniform.

8. LED lamp according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the folding angle of each described fin can be conditioned with the described LED of orientation.

9. LED lamp according to claim 2 is characterized in that, each described fin has the outstanding shank or the separator that can support described fin according to directional angle.

10. LED lamp according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described outstanding shank is equipped with tooth-like part, and the opening that obtains on described tooth-like part and the described plate is bonded into fixed relationship with different height.

11. LED lamp according to claim 3 is characterized in that, each in the described fin is by cutting described and carry out orientation according to described predetermined plane of living in and obtain.

12. LED lamp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, among the described LED each is installed, make itself and a side contacts that is provided with the CS of metal raceway groove with the SMT technology, its heat is delivered to described support plate, it is fixed to described CS on the corresponding fin by fixture.

13. LED lamp according to claim 12 is characterized in that each fin is provided with at least one opening, described opening is as the conductor path that is electrically connected that is suitable for realizing with the electrode of LED.

14. LED lamp according to claim 1 is characterized in that, forms described profile by at least one the folding mechanical consolidation framework that obtains by described end.

15. LED lamp according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described LED is provided with at least the first conductive pin that directly contacts with described sheet metal and is provided with first hole, described first hole has the rivet that is contained in wherein, described rivet passes the aligned hole that obtains on the described fin, described LED be mechanically connected to described fin and connect producing heat bridge between described LED and described.

16. LED lamp according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, described LED has second conductive pin that is electrically connected with the metal routing that obtains on the insulating barrier, and described insulating barrier is configured to cover first side of described fin, and described insulating barrier limits the conductive region below described first pin.

17. LED lamp according to claim 14 is characterized in that described metal routing is connected to first connector, described first connector can receive the plug that is used to be connected to described power supply.

18. LED lamp according to claim 14 is characterized in that described metal routing is formed with the branch that distributes on described first surface, so that at least one group of described a plurality of LED are electrically connected to each other.

19. LED lamp according to claim 2 is characterized in that, each in the described fin limits the plane of living in respect to described metal sheet, and it is characterized in that, has at least two fins that define the plane, tilt boundary.

20. according to each the described LED lamp in the claim before, it is characterized in that, the coating that comprises plastics, for example cellophane or similar material, it is designed to apply the metal material sheet that has LED and other assembly on it, avoids weather effect or for security reasons with its isolation to keep lamp.

21. the method for designing of a lamp, the method for designing of each the described LED lamp in particularly requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that comprising with the next stage:

-the qualification stage on illuminated surface (S);

-by a plurality of zones of defining a plurality of parts (T) will be illuminated stage of surface (S) discretization, in described each part, limit the centre of form (Pa), provide the average geometric characteristic and the irradiation value in the whole zone of described part (T) with respect to this centre of form (Pa);

-definition imposes on the qualification stage of the Correlation Criteria of described lamp (1), the described qualification stage may further comprise the steps: limit benchmark irradiation value Irif, the quantity of Irif equals the quantity of part (T) and derives from described part (T) to go up required required irradiation value, this considers the penalty factor (Ka) that each part (T) is specific, in order to calculate, get the arbitrary initial point (PO) of light source (1), calculate distance (D) and the orientation of each part (T) with respect to this initial point (PO);

-checking and checking iteration phase, described checking is used for the checking of the restrictive condition of the benchmark illuminate condition Irif on the satisfied part (T), and described checking iteration is used for satisfying the benchmark illuminate condition Irif of all these parts (T) of the light source of selecting from database (1), wherein known its irradiation power of each light source (1) is Emax, and each in the described restrictive condition satisfies following relation:

|(Irif-Emaxtot)|＜＝ε

Wherein Emaxtot represents the summation of all Emax, and all Emax are summed with near Irif, and its difference is less than ε;

The stage of-light source (S) location that in described lamp (1) is gone up described Qualify Phase with restrictive condition, limits.

22. the method for designing of lamp according to claim 21, it is characterized in that the following fact, be that the Qualify Phase of described restrictive condition comprises the control stage at each iterative step, the described control stage is used to realize from the residue restrictive condition of selected light source (1) beginning with restrictive condition before satisfying.

23. the method for designing of lamp according to claim 22, it is characterized in that the following fact, be to comprise the stage that limits the influence area of light source (1) by computing function KEmaxl/X the described control stage, described function KEmaxl/X limits the locus of points on the surface (S) of wanting illuminated, and its irradiation equals K ^EmaxlX%, the described stage causes for the removal that falls into the restrictive condition of point in the zone that described function KEmaxl/X limits.

24. the method for designing of lamp according to claim 23, it is characterized in that the following fact, be the envelope stage of function KEmaxl/X that comprises the described light source (1) of the selected envelope (IA) that is suitable for limiting increase in qualification stage of described influence area, the described stage comprises the deletion of the restrictive condition of the interior spot correlation in the zone that limits with the envelope (IA) that falls into by described increase.

25. the method for designing of lamp according to claim 23 is characterized in that the following fact, promptly the qualification stage of described influence area comprises that the radius of the selection area that will begin from KEmaxl/X multiply by the inverse of percentage.

26. the method for designing of lamp according to claim 21 is characterized in that the following fact, the described positioning stage of promptly described light source (1) need be arranged described light source (1), the feasible diffusion presumptive area (Ad) of keeping this light source (1) at each light source (1).

27. the method for designing of lamp according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described LED is inserted into IC interior, at least one inductor (33) and at least resistance (43) be connected to described integrated circuit from the outside, be used to change the irradiation power of described LED.