CN101969205A - Method for inhibiting line power oscillation of interconnected electric power system via energy storing device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for inhibiting the line power oscillation of an interconnected electric power system via an energy storing device. The method adopts the power of the line connected with a bus where the energy storing device is as an input signal, obtains an equivalent conductivity through a measurement amplifying link, a stopping link and a phase shifting link, and then obtains an active power instruction value needing to be output by the energy storing device by multiplying the equivalent conductivity by the square of a terminal voltage. A transducer of the energy storing device generates an appointed active power to the power grid through a given power value so as to inhibit the power oscillation of the line. The invention does not depend on a remote communication; the controller has simple and reliable structure and easily adjusted parameters; and a 300MW energy storing device can inhibit a power oscillation with amplitude about 1400MW.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power system stability control technology field, especially relate to the application technology of energy storage device in the electric power system power oscillation suppresses.
Background technology
International conference on large HV electric systems the 38th research committee once organized task force (Task Force 38.01.07) that low-frequency oscillation is studied, its conclusion is pointed out: be the threat of oscillation-damped, at first should think over the power system stabilizer, PSS (PSS) of main generator in the research adjusting system; Secondly the parameter tuning of existing high voltage direct current transmission (HVDC), Static Var Compensator (SVC) additional controller makes it to provide the additional damping effect in should the research system; Consider to utilize FACTS device such as TCSC that level and smooth damping control is provided then; Can consider in system, to increase the new equipment that is used for damped oscillation fully at last.
Up to now, PSS remain suppress that low-frequency oscillation of electric power system is the simplest, economy and effective measures.The basic principle of PSS is to regulate on the basis of (AVR) at automatic voltage, is aided with the rotating speed deviation
, frequency departure
And power deviation
In one or both signals as additional control, produce with
Coaxial additional moment, the increase system is to the damping of low-frequency oscillation, to strengthen power system dynamic stability.Generally, method configuration PSS parameter with phase compensation, divide into the parameter of meter control device at a certain given operational mode with in a certain frequency of oscillation, select under the suitable situation, can improve the damping characteristic of system and improve the stability of system in parameter designing.
Because the power oscillation on the interconnection has been usually directed to a large amount of generating sets, PSS is only with the rotating speed deviation of generator self
, frequency departure
And power deviation
In one or both signals as additional control, can not effectively suppress to relate to the power oscillation on the interconnection of the overall situation.
The present invention is directly installed on energy storage device on the interconnection, and the power of getting interconnection is done input and controlled, for the power oscillation that suppresses interconnection provides a kind of approach.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of method that adopts energy storage device to suppress interconnected electric power system interconnection power oscillation, to solve the power oscillation problem on the important interconnection of large-scale interconnected electric power system.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of method of utilizing the parallel connection type energy storage device to suppress interconnected electric power system interconnection power oscillation, specifically: with the interconnection line power that links to each other with energy storage device place bus as input signal, by measuring amplifying element, after straight link, phase shift link, obtaining the energy storage equivalent conductance, square obtain the energy-storage function command value with what equivalent conductance multiply by set end voltage again, the frequency converter of energy storage is injected into electrical network by the active power that given performance number produces appointment then, thereby suppresses the power oscillation on the transmission line.
Described energy storage device is meant and is connected on the electrical system bus, can or send the class device of power from the electric power system absorbed power to electric power system, for energy storage device can accurately being absorbed by given power command value or sending power, generally adopt the power transfer link of frequency converter as energy storage device.The frequency converter of described energy storage can adopt the frequency converter of general technology maturation.
The invention provides above-mentioned method, its step comprises: the infield of determining energy storage device; Electrical network to the interconnection two ends carries out equivalence, and structure contains the system of two equivalent generators; Set up system-wide state-space model; With method of residues CONTROLLER DESIGN parameter; Controller parameter is optimized.
Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly is:
The method of power oscillation on a kind of interregional important interconnection of the inhibition interconnected electric power system based on energy storage device has newly been proposed.This method is got the active power of energy storage device access point nearby lines and is done input, does not rely on distant place communication, and controller architecture is simple, and is reliable, easily controller parameters setting.The energy storage device that 300MW is installed can suppress the power oscillation that amplitude is about 1400MW, and is extremely shown in Figure 5 as Fig. 3.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is two area schematic.
Fig. 2 is the controller architecture block diagram that energy storage device adopts.
Fig. 3 is Central China Power Grid～extra high voltage line active power curve chart.
Fig. 4 is extra high voltage line～Central China Power Grid active power curve chart.
Fig. 5 is an extra high voltage line active power curve chart.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of optimizing the energy storage device controller parameter.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method that adopts energy storage device to suppress power oscillation on the interregional important interconnection of interconnected electric power system, this method with the interconnection line power that links to each other with energy storage device place bus as input signal, by measuring amplifying element, after straight link, phase shift link, obtaining the energy storage equivalent conductance, square obtain the energy-storage function command value with what equivalent conductance multiply by set end voltage again.The frequency converter of energy storage is injected into electrical network by the active power that given performance number produces appointment, thereby suppresses the power oscillation on the transmission line.
Method provided by the invention is: the first step, the system equivalent at interconnection two ends is become two equivalent generators, and constitute a dual systems, adopt method of residues CONTROLLER DESIGN parameter." utilize residual to carry out the configuration of controlled series compensation control device parameter " (Tian Fang, Zhou Xiaoxin, electric power network technique, 1999, Vol23 has introduced method of residues in pp1-5).In second step, the controller parameter that obtains with the first step is provided with the system failure and controlled target as initial value, with particle cluster algorithm controller parameter is optimized, and finally determines the controller parameter of one group of optimum." particle swarm optimization summary " (Xie Xiaofeng, Zhang Wenjun, Yang Zhilian, control and decision-making, 2003, Vol.18 has introduced particle cluster algorithm in pp129-234).
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
The present invention adopts the method that may further comprise the steps:
1. determine the infield of energy storage device.
Fig. 1 is two equivalent regional interconnected electric power system schematic diagrames, and S1 and S2 represent two equivalent generators.Bus1, Bus2, Bus3 are three buses.Bus1, the circuit between the Bus2 is interconnection, is divided into Bus1～Bus3 section and Bus3～Bus2 section.Energy storage device is installed on the Bus3 bus, and energy storage device is respectively apart from the electrical distance of Bus1, Bus2
With
Because the power P of energy storage device
sWith equivalent conductance G
sAnd energy storage terminal voltage
Between relation satisfy
Relation.So energy storage device can be with an equivalent conductance G to the effect of electric power system
sSimulate.
2. the electrical network to the interconnection two ends carries out equivalence, and structure contains the system of two equivalent generators.
(1) be the equivalent generator that active power and reactive power can change at four-quadrant with the electrical network at interconnection two ends equivalence under inertia centre coordinate separately, this equivalence generator directly links to each other with interbus.
(2) keep in touch an end electrical network of line is constant, and the other end network equivalence of interconnection is an equivalent generator, ignore excitation system and speed regulator dynamically, adopt
Constant second order classical model is shown below:
Wherein:
It is the rotor angle of equivalent generator;
It is the angular velocity varies amount;
It is synchronous angular velocity;
It is moment of inertia;
It is the mechanical output of equivalent generator input;
It is the electromagnetic power of equivalent generator;
It is damping coefficient;
Be the transient state reactance,
Be the set end voltage phasor,
Be q axle transient state reactance after-potential,
It is machine end electric current phasor.The synchronous coordinate system that subscript xy representative is unified.
After determining second order classical model (Equivalent Model), equivalent generator is carried out parameter identification, and the target of identification is: the deviation of the interconnection two ends busbar voltage of valve system such as maintenance and prototype system and the power curve on the interconnection is as far as possible little in the system disturbance process.
(3) keep 2 end electrical networks constant, repeating step (2) carries out equivalence to an end electrical network of described interconnection.Being example to four machines, two regional electric power system equivalences, it is 0.5527Hz that there is frequency in equivalent preceding system, damping ratio is 0.0582 interregional oscillation mode, the frequency of equivalent back system oscillation pattern is 0.5603Hz, damping ratio is 0.064176, relative difference on frequency is 1.37% before and after equivalent, and the damping ratio deviation is 10.2%.
3. set up system-wide state-space model:
(1) set up the state equation of equivalent generator:
In the formula:
Be the rotor angle of the equivalent generator in interconnection two ends,
Be two equivalent generator angular velocity difference,
Be synchronous angular velocity,
Be equivalent generator moment of inertia,
Be the mechanical output of equivalent generator input,
Be the electromagnetic power of equivalent generator,
It is damping coefficient;
(2) set up system-wide state-space model:
Set up equivalent generator injection current equation:
In the formula:
Be the q axle transient potential of two equivalent generators,
Be the reactance of two equivalent generator transient state,
Be the set end voltage phasor of two equivalent generators,
It is the injection current phasor of two equivalent generators.The synchronous coordinate system that subscript xy representative is unified.
Set up network equation:
In the formula:
Be the voltage phasor of energy storage device in unified synchronous coordinate system, X is the interconnection reactance value,
Be a proportionality coefficient, be used to reflect the installation site of energy storage device,
It is the equivalent conductance of energy storage device.
Equivalent generator injection current equation and network equation simultaneous solution are obtained set end voltage
With the contact node voltage
Suppose that disturbance occurs in the S1 side, P32=-P23 is selected in output, and the line power equation is:
In the formula:
Be respectively
Real part;
Be respectively
Imaginary part.
Line power for Bus3 to Bus2.
Set up equivalent generator electromagnetic power equation:
In the formula:
Be respectively the electromagnetic power of equivalent generator 1 and equivalent generator 2,
Be the active power of Bus1 to Bus3,
Be the active power of Bus2 to Bus3.
To state equation, output equation linearisation, get the system equation under the state space:
In the formula:
In the formula,
Be equivalent generator amature amount of angular deviation,
Be equivalent generator speed departure,
Be the departure of energy storage device equivalent conductance,
Be the departure of Bus3 to the line power of Bus2.A is the system mode matrix that obtains, and B is an input matrix, and C is an output matrix.
4. with method of residues CONTROLLER DESIGN parameter:
Described controller is the controller that energy storage device adopted, its structure is as shown in Figure 2: comprise 7 links, refer to first link 1～the 7th link 7 successively by annexation, first link 1 will be surveyed interconnection power before interconnection power and the fault and be done poorly, obtain the oscillating component of power; Second link 2 is to measure amplifying element, is used to change the size of prime input; The 3rd link 3 is every straight link, is used for the stationary components of filtering input signal; Fourth Ring joint 4 and five rings joint 5 are two phase shift links, are used for compensation of phase; Five rings joint 5 is output as the equivalent conductance G of energy storage device
s, the 6th link 6 is with G
sWith the energy storage device terminal voltage square
Multiplying each other obtains the power of energy storage device, and the 7th link 7 is used to simulate the frequency converter of energy storage device.
With method of residues CONTROLLER DESIGN parameter, specifically be to adopt the method that may further comprise the steps:
(1) try to achieve the characteristic root of A, wherein the electromechanical circuit correlation ratio greater than 1 and the frequency characteristic root that is in 0.2Hz～2.5Hz be the electromechanical oscillations pattern, the electromechanical oscillations pattern of choosing the damping ratio minimum is designated as the primary study object
(2) ask for
Corresponding residual
Wherein:
For
Corresponding right characteristic vector,
For
The transposition of corresponding left eigenvector, B is an input matrix, C is an output matrix.
(3) ask for controller parameter by following formula:
In the formula:
Be residual
Angle;
Right
Round up, for example
The time, get m=2,
Be characteristic value
Imaginary part.
Be the controller parameter of trying to achieve, the controller block diagram is seen Fig. 2.
5. controller parameter is optimized:
, then controller parameter is optimized as initial value with (4) the step controller parameter of trying to achieve: the system failure and controlled target are set, controller parameter are optimized, finally determine the controller parameter of one group of optimum with particle cluster algorithm.
The present invention pays close attention to the design of the controller parameter of energy storage device, and as shown in Figure 6: its method is:
(1) the group number of controller parameter and the higher limit of iterations are set.Typically, the group number of desirable controller parameter is 20, and the iterations higher limit is 20.
(2) excursion of controller parameter is set, puts parameter group number i=1, iterations=1.Rule of thumb value get the gain K scope be-2～2, the scope of phase shift link time constant T1 is 0～10, the scope of phase shift link time constant T2 is 0～10.
(3) one group of initial controller parameter is set, controller parameter or generation at random that this parameter is tried to achieve by the described method of claim 2.
(4) i group parameter is composed controller to energy storage device in the PSASP example, PSASP is the business software that is used for electric system simulation of China Electric Power Research Institute's exploitation.
(5) the transient stability computing module (Wmud.exe) that calls PSASP carries out electromechanical transient simulation to the electric power system that energy storage device has been installed.
(6) after simulation calculation finishes, read circuit power data file and calculate fitness
, herein
Be the absolute value of interconnection power deviation, T is an emulation length.
(7) if i equates that with the parameter group number expression last time iteration is finished, changed for (8) step over to, otherwise put i=i+1, changed for (4) step again over to.
(8) will have the optimal controller parameter that the parameter of minimum fitness obtains as this iteration.
(9) upgrade other parameter positions, put i=1, if satisfy the iteration convergence condition, then withdraw from the controller parameter of the optimum that arrives of iteration and output calculating, perhaps, go on foot the iteration of carrying out a new round otherwise change (4) over to if iterations has reached the optimal controller parameter that arrives that the iterations upper limit of setting also withdraws from iteration and output calculating.
Can obtain the parameter of controller of the energy storage device of one group of optimum through above-mentioned 5 steps.
6. control method validation verification:
With North China-Central China interconnected systems in 2007 was example, adopted rich big data, and interconnection is the extra high voltage line of " southeast, Shanxi-Nanyang, Henan-E Jingmen ", and Central China Power Grid is carried 2870MW power through extra high voltage line to the North China electrical network during stable state.Energy storage device is contained on the 500kV bus of " Jingmen, Hubei Province " extra-high voltage transformer, is K=-0.72 by the controller parameter of the energy storage device of above-mentioned steps design, T1=9.42, T2=4.02.Stored energy capacitance is 300MVA, Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is a two loop line " Jiangling, Hubei Province " the side generation three-phase permanent faults that feed back electric wire of " Jiangling, Hubei Province～Hubei Province prosperity " 500kV, 0.1s after the excision, Central China Power Grid～extra high voltage line, the power waveform on extra high voltage line～North China electrical network and the extra high voltage line.Fine rule is not for installing the waveform of energy storage device, and thick line is for installing the waveform of energy storage device.Among Fig. 3 to Fig. 5: transverse axis is the time, and unit is second, and the longitudinal axis is an active power, and unit is MW.By Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 as can be known, behind the installation energy storage device, the interconnection power oscillation is obviously suppressed, and after the disturbance, interconnection power can return to the steady-state value before the disturbance apace.
Claims (4)
1. method that suppresses interconnected electric power system interconnection power oscillation, it is characterized in that a kind of method of utilizing the parallel connection type energy storage device to suppress interconnected electric power system interconnection power oscillation, specifically: with the interconnection power that links to each other with energy storage device place bus as input signal, by measuring amplifying element, every straight link, obtain the energy storage equivalent conductance after the phase shift link, square obtain the energy-storage function command value with what equivalent conductance multiply by set end voltage again, the frequency converter of energy storage is injected into electrical network by the active power that given performance number produces appointment then, thereby suppresses the power oscillation on the interconnection.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting the method that may further comprise the steps:
(1) determine the infield of energy storage device:
Energy storage device is installed in an end of interconnection;
(2) electrical network to the interconnection two ends carries out equivalence, and structure contains the system of two equivalent generators,
1) with the electrical network at interconnection two ends equivalence under inertia centre coordinate separately be the equivalent generator that active power and reactive power can change at four-quadrant,
2) keep in touch an end electrical network of line is constant, and the other end network equivalence of interconnection is an equivalent generator, ignore excitation system and speed regulator dynamically, adopt
Constant second order classical model, this model is described with following formula:
In the formula:
Be the rotor angle of equivalent generator,
Be the angular velocity varies amount,
Be synchronous angular velocity,
Be equivalent generator moment of inertia,
Be the mechanical output of input,
Be electromagnetic power,
Be damping coefficient,
Be the transient state reactance,
Be the set end voltage phasor,
Be q axle transient state reactance after-potential,
Be machine end electric current phasor, the synchronous coordinate system that subscript xy representative is unified;
3) keep 2 end electrical networks constant, repeating step 2) an end electrical network of described interconnection is carried out equivalence;
(3) set up system-wide state-space model:
1) set up the state equation of equivalent generator:
In the formula:
Be the rotor angle of the equivalent generator in interconnection two ends,
Be two equivalent generator angular velocity difference,
Be synchronous angular velocity,
Be equivalent generator moment of inertia,
Be the mechanical output of equivalent generator input,
Be the electromagnetic power of equivalent generator,
Be damping coefficient,
2) set up system-wide state-space model:
In the formula:
, wherein,
Be equivalent generator amature amount of angular deviation,
Be equivalent generator speed departure,
Be energy storage device equivalent conductance departure,
Be the departure of Bus3 to the interconnection power of Bus2; A is the system mode matrix that obtains, and B is an input matrix, and C is an output matrix;
(4) with method of residues CONTROLLER DESIGN parameter:
1) tries to achieve the characteristic root of A, and find the electromechanical oscillations pattern of underdamping
,
2) ask for
Corresponding residual
,
Wherein
For
Corresponding right characteristic vector,
For
The transposition of corresponding left eigenvector,
3) ask for controller parameter by following formula:
In the formula:
Be residual
Angle;
Right
Round up, for example
The time, get m=2,
Be characteristic value
Imaginary part,
Be the controller parameter of trying to achieve;
(5) controller parameter is optimized:
With (4) the step controller parameter of trying to achieve as initial value,
Then controller parameter is optimized: the system failure and controlled target are set, controller parameter are optimized, finally determine the controller parameter of one group of optimum with particle cluster algorithm.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that step (4) controller that described energy storage device adopted, its structure is to comprise 7 links, refer to first link (1)～the 7th link (7) successively by annexation, first link (1) will be surveyed interconnection power before interconnection power and the fault and be done poorly, obtain the oscillating component of power; Second link (2) is to measure amplifying element, is used to change the size of prime input; The 3rd link (3) is every straight link, is used for the stationary components of filtering input signal; Fourth Ring joint (4) and five rings joint (5) are two phase shift links, are used for compensation of phase; Five rings joint (5) is output as the equivalent conductance G of energy storage device
s, the 6th link (6) is with G
sWith the energy storage device terminal voltage square
Multiplying each other obtains the power of energy storage device, and the 7th link (7) is used to simulate the frequency converter of energy storage device.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that step (5) is described controller parameter is optimized that its method is:
(1) the group number of controller parameter and the higher limit of iterations are set; Typically, the group number of getting controller parameter is 20, and the iterations higher limit is 20;
(2) excursion of controller parameter is set, puts parameter group number i=1, iterations=1, rule of thumb to get the scope of gain K be-2～2 to value, and the scope of phase shift link time constant T1 is 0～10, and the scope of phase shift link time constant T2 is 0～10;
(3) one group of initial controller parameter is set, controller parameter or generation at random that this parameter is tried to achieve by the described method of claim 2;
(4) i group parameter is composed controller to energy storage device in the PSASP example, PSASP is the business software that is used for electric system simulation;
(5) the transient stability computing module that calls PSASP carries out electromechanical transient simulation to the electric power system that energy storage device has been installed;
(6) after simulation calculation finishes, read interconnection power data file and calculate fitness
, herein
Be the absolute value of interconnection power deviation, T is an emulation length;
(7) if i equates that with the parameter group number expression last time iteration is finished, changed for (8) step over to, otherwise put i=i+1, changed for (4) step again over to;
(8) will have the optimal controller parameter that the parameter of minimum fitness obtains as this iteration;
(9) upgrade other group controller parameter positions, put i=1, if satisfy the iteration convergence condition, then withdraw from the controller parameter of the optimum that arrives of iteration and output calculating, perhaps, go on foot the iteration of carrying out a new round otherwise change (4) over to if iterations has reached the optimal controller parameter that arrives that the iterations upper limit of setting also withdraws from iteration and output calculating.
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| CN104600742A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-05-06 | 华中科技大学 | Method for compensating wind power plant virtual inertia by utilizing energy accumulation device |
| CN106451506A (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2017-02-22 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | Energy storage system configuration method based on power system analysis software package/user program interface (PSASP/UPI) and facing high wind power penetration power grid frequency modulation demands |
| CN106712057A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-24 | 天津大学 | Coordinative optimization method for power system stabilizer and static var compensator |
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| CN107742892A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-27 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of energy storage damping control method for suppressing the vibration of New-energy power system broadband |
| CN107742892B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-07-12 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of energy storage damping control method inhibiting the oscillation of New-energy power system broadband |
| CN108233397A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of control method and system of photovoltaic generation power oscillation damping |
| CN110850169A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for testing ultralow frequency phase frequency characteristic of water turbine speed regulating system |
| CN110850169B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-12-14 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for testing ultralow frequency phase frequency characteristic of water turbine speed regulating system |
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