CN101969144A - Alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte consists of 40-44% of potassium hydroxide, 5-6% of zinc oxide, 0.05-0.2% of compound additive and 50.5-55% of water, wherein the compound additive consists of polyethylene glycol and tween. The cathode electrolyte can be used in an alkaline zinc battery, can greatly reduce the corrosion of an alkaline zinc electrode, improve the performance of the battery, and simultaneously can avoid using harmful and precious metals such as mercury and indium and organic matters such as imidazole in the electrolyte. Compared with the common battery, the discharge capacity of the battery added with the negative electrolyte is improved to a certain extent. Therefore, the alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte is environment-friendly, low in production cost and large in market potential.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing technology of an alkaline zinc battery, in particular to a negative electrode electrolyte of the alkaline zinc battery, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The alkaline zinc battery has the characteristics of high cost performance, high power, low cost of raw materials, convenient use and the like, and is widely used for civil electric appliances. Until now, the alkaline zinc-manganese battery is still the battery with the widest use and the largest output and value; the rechargeable zinc-nickel battery and the zinc-air battery are more and more widely applied and have great development potential. With the rapid development of social science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements on the performance of batteries, but alkaline batteries still have defects, the defects are closely related to the performance of electrolyte, and the electrolyte with excellent performance can solve the serious problems of gas expansion, alkali climbing, self-discharge and the like of the batteries, improve the service life of the batteries, and prolong the on-shelf time of the batteries; the utilization rate of active substances can be improved; the method can also improve the deposition form of zinc, avoid the problem of short circuit of the battery caused by the penetration of dendritic crystal growth through the diaphragm of the deposited zinc, and is favorable for realizing the secondary operation of the alkaline battery.
In order to solve the problem of self-discharge of alkaline zinc batteries and to improve their discharge performance, many studies have been made on electrolytes. In the traditional method, mercury is added into the cathode electrolyte, but the mercury is a highly toxic substance, brings serious harm to human health and ecological environment, does not accord with the environmental protection concept, and is a barrier to the development of batteries and the development of human society. Therefore, the search for a novel cathode electrolyte which can replace a mercury-containing cathode electrolyte and meet the environmental protection requirement is a precondition for the continuous forward development of the alkaline zinc battery.
People have carried out a large amount of researches on mercury-free cathode electrolyte, and the main thinking is as follows: and adding an inorganic or organic compound into the negative electrode electrolyte. Chinese patents with patent numbers 03801019.4, 200510090121.0ZL200410026985.1, 200610037178.9 and Japanese patent number 3317526 adopt technical means in the negativeInorganic compounds such as aluminum, indium, bismuth compounds, etc. are added to the electrode electrolyte. Chinese patent No. 200810057922.0, soviet patent No. 1457760, and documents z.bao hong, ch.meng, x.donggariand w.yingdong, ext.abstr,46 th The technical means adopted by ISEMeet, xiamen, P.R. China,1995,2, 5-43 and the like is to add organic matters such as polyacrylate, quaternary ammonium salt, fatty acid ester and the like into the cathode electrolyte. So far, most of researches are carried out on negative electrode electrolytes containing single organic or inorganic substances, although the negative electrode electrolytes have certain improvement on battery performance, certain defects exist, and expected effects are difficult to achieve. The organic matter can raise hydrogen overpotential and retard the autolysis of zinc, but also has the problems of oxidation under strong polarization and how to further improve the effective adsorption. Therefore, the single additive-containing negative electrode electrolyte is difficult to achieve the ideal effect, and the best method for solving the problems is to adopt a composite formula. The compound formula makes up the deficiency of single substance through synergistic action, and is beneficial to reducing the use amount of valuable substances, reducing the cost and improving the efficiency. The technical means adopted by the Chinese patent application with the application number of 200910193636.1 is that polyethylene glycol and imidazole are added into a negative electrolyte to improve the performance of the electrolyte, but imidazole is toxic and has irritation and corrosivity on skin and mucosa, and the research of finding a high-efficiency, non-toxic and environment-friendly composite additive is beneficial to improving the performance of the negative electrolyte of the alkaline zinc battery and the development of the alkaline zinc battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a negative electrode electrolyte for an alkaline zinc battery, which avoids using harmful metals such as mercury and noble metals such as indium.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the negative electrode electrolyte for the alkaline zinc battery.
The invention also aims to provide application of the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
40 to 44 percent of potassium hydroxide
5 to 6 percent of zinc oxide
0.05 to 0.2 percent of compound additive
50.5 to 55 percent of water;
the compound additive consists of polyethylene glycol and tween according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-2: 1;
the polyethylene glycol comprises PEG200, PEG400, PEG600, PEG800 and the like; preferably PEG600;
the tween includes tween 20, tween 40, tween 60, tween 80 and the like, but is not limited thereto, wherein tween 20 is preferred;
the preparation method of the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving 40-45% by mass of potassium hydroxide and 5-6% by mass of zinc oxide by using 50.5-55% by mass of water to obtain an alkaline electrolyte solution;
(2) Uniformly dispersing 0.05-0.2% by mass of a compound additive in the alkaline electrolyte solution prepared in the step (1) to prepare the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte;
the water in the step (1) is preferably divided into two parts, wherein one part of water is used for dissolving the potassium hydroxide and the zinc oxide, and then the other part of water is added;
the alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte can be applied to all alkaline zinc batteries;
the alkaline zinc battery is preferably a button alkaline zinc-manganese battery;
the button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide cell comprises a positive cover, a negative cover, a rubber ring, positive electrolyte, alkaline zinc cell negative electrolyte, a positive manganese cake and negative calamine cream;
the anode electrolyte is preferably a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 40-45%;
the zinc paste preferably consists of 95 mass percent of mercury-free zinc powder, 3.5 mass percent of carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, 1 mass percent of expanding agent sodium polyacrylate (QP-3) and 0.5 mass percent of zinc oxide;
the button type alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery is manufactured by the following steps: pretreating the positive and negative electrode covers, putting the manganese cake in the positive electrode cover, injecting positive electrolyte, putting the diaphragm on the manganese cake, putting calamine cream in the negative electrode cover, injecting alkaline zinc battery negative electrolyte, putting the negative electrode cover on the positive electrode cover, compacting and pressing into finished batteries by a manual punch.
The principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, polyethylene glycol and tween are added into the alkaline cathode electrolyte, and as the polyethylene glycol is a long straight-chain surfactant containing polyoxyethylene groups, a thicker isolation layer can be formed when the surface of a zinc active substance is adsorbed; and the Tween contains a plurality of branched chains and polyoxyethylene-containing groups, and can be adsorbed on the surface of zinc in a multi-center manner, so that the surface coverage is increased. When the polyethylene glycol and the tween are compounded for use, the polyethylene glycol and the tween are complementary in structure, can play a synergistic effect and reduce the dosage. The zinc oxide and the zinc oxide are adsorbed on active sites on the surface of a zinc cathode material, so that the corrosion degree of the zinc cathode can be greatly reduced, the utilization rate of active substances and electrolyte is improved, and the service life of the battery in storage and use processes is prolonged. In addition, the combination of the zinc and the zinc can improve the zinc deposition form, avoid the formation of zinc dendrite and prolong the service life of the battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) The alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly in composition, low in price, small in dosage, high in efficiency, free of heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, bismuth and the like and noble metals such as indium and the like, beneficial to environmental protection, low in production cost and large in market potential.
(2) The alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte has the following advantages: the cathode cover or the current collector of the battery does not need to be electroplated or replaced with rare noble metals such as indium and the like, the zinc powder does not need to be added with heavy metals or harmful metals such as mercury, indium, lead, cadmium and the like, the zinc paste does not need to be added with rare noble metal compounds such as indium oxide, indium hydroxide, lead compounds, mercury, compounds thereof and the like and substances polluting the environment, the electrolyte does not need to be added with expensive organic additives, the buckle type alkaline zinc-manganese battery assembled by the cathode electrolyte completely meets the requirement of the national standard height of the battery in the aspect of gas expansion, and compared with the common battery (namely the cathode cover is plated with indium, and the zinc paste is added with lead oxide and indium oxide), the discharge capacity is also improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the results of the ballooning test of AG13 button alkaline zn-mn cells prepared in examples 1 to 3, respectively, at 57 ℃.
Fig. 2 is a discharge curve of AG13 button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery prepared in example 1 and its common AG13 button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery of the same specification under a continuous discharge condition of 1 mA.
Fig. 3 is a discharge curve of AG13 button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery prepared in example 2 and its common AG13 button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery of the same specification under 1mA continuous discharge condition.
Fig. 4 is a discharge curve of AG13 button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery prepared in example 3 and its common AG13 button alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery of the same specification under 1mA continuous discharge condition.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
(1) Preparing a negative electrode electrolyte: adding 1.38g of zinc oxide and 10.1g of potassium hydroxide into 7g of first pure water, stirring until the solution is clear, adding 4.7g of second pure water to prepare an alkaline electrolyte solution, and then uniformly dispersing 0.023g of a compound additive (Tween 20 and polyethylene glycol 600 are in a mass ratio of 1: 2) into the alkaline electrolyte solution to prepare the alkaline zinc battery cathode electrolyte.
(2) Preparing a positive electrolyte: and adding 5.8g of potassium hydroxide into 4.2g of first pure water, stirring and cooling to room temperature, and then adding 2.8g of second pure water to prepare the alkaline zinc battery positive electrolyte with the mass percentage of 45%.
(3) And (3) processing a positive electrode cover and a negative electrode cover and a rubber ring: and ultrasonically cleaning the positive electrode cover by using acetone for 4min, taking out, cleaning by using water, and drying in vacuum. The cathode cover was ultrasonically cleaned with 0.1M dilute sulfuric acid for 9min, then cleaned with water and immediately air-dried. Coating 850 g glue (prepared from toluene, isopropanol and 304 g glue at a mass ratio of 1: 2) around the cathode cover, standing for 3h, soaking the rubber ring in diluted glue (prepared from toluene, isopropanol and 850 g glue at a mass ratio of 20: 1) for 9min, taking out, and air drying.
(4) Assembling the battery: and (3) placing 0.67g of manganese cake into a positive electrode cover, injecting 0.062g of positive electrode electrolyte prepared in the step (2), then placing a diaphragm on the manganese cake, placing 0.235 g of zinc paste (consisting of 95% of mercury-free zinc powder, 3.5% of carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, 1% of expanding agent sodium polyacrylate (QP-3) and 0.5% of zinc oxide) into a negative electrode cover, injecting 0.114g of negative electrode electrolyte prepared in the step (1), then placing the negative electrode cover on the positive electrode cover, compacting the negative electrode cover, and then pressing the negative electrode cover into a finished battery under a manual punching machine.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a negative electrode electrolyte: adding 1.2g of zinc oxide and 9.5g of potassium hydroxide into 7.3g of first pure water, stirring until the solution is clear, adding 5g of second pure water to prepare an alkaline electrolyte solution, and uniformly dispersing 0.0115g of a compound additive (Tween 20 and polyethylene glycol 600 are in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the alkaline electrolyte solution to prepare the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte.
(2) Preparing a positive electrolyte: 5.5g of potassium hydroxide is added into 4.4g of first pure water, stirred and cooled to room temperature, and then 2.9g of second pure water is added to prepare the 43 mass percent alkaline zinc battery positive electrolyte.
(3) And (3) processing a positive electrode cover and a negative electrode cover and a rubber ring: and ultrasonically cleaning the positive electrode cover by using acetone for 7min, taking out, cleaning by using water, and drying in vacuum. The cathode cover was ultrasonically cleaned with 0.3M dilute sulfuric acid for 6min, then cleaned with water and immediately air-dried. Coating the periphery of the negative electrode shell with concentrated glue (same as example 1), standing for 4h, soaking the rubber ring in dilute glue (same as example 1) for 12min, taking out and drying.
(4) Assembling the battery: and (3) placing 0.69g of manganese cake in a positive cover, injecting 0.064g of the positive electrolyte prepared in the step (2), placing a diaphragm on the manganese cake, placing 0.245g of calamine cream (same as the example 1) in a negative cover, injecting 0.115g of the negative electrolyte prepared in the step (1), placing the negative cover on the positive cover, compacting, and then pressing into a finished battery under a manual punch.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a negative electrode electrolyte: adding 1.16g of zinc oxide and 9.22g of potassium hydroxide into 7.48g of first pure water, stirring until the solution is clear, adding 5.12g of second pure water to prepare an alkaline electrolyte solution, and uniformly dispersing 0.046g of compound additive (Tween 20 and polyethylene glycol 600 in a mass ratio of 2: 1) into the alkaline electrolyte solution to prepare the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte.
(2) Preparing a positive electrolyte: and adding 5.12g of potassium hydroxide into 4.1g of first pure water, stirring and cooling to room temperature, and then adding 3.58g of second pure water to prepare the alkaline zinc battery positive electrolyte with the mass percentage of 40%.
(3) And (3) processing a positive electrode cover and a negative electrode cover and a rubber ring: and ultrasonically cleaning the positive electrode cover by using acetone for 9min, taking out, cleaning by using water, and drying in vacuum. The cathode cover was ultrasonically cleaned with 0.5M dilute sulfuric acid for 4min, then cleaned with water and immediately air-dried. And (3) coating the periphery of the cathode cover with concentrated glue (same as example 1), standing for 5h, soaking the rubber ring for 15min with dilute glue (same as example 1), taking out and airing.
(4) Assembling the battery: and (3) placing 0.71g of manganese cake in a positive cover, injecting 0.066g of the positive electrolyte prepared in the step (2), placing a diaphragm on the manganese cake, placing 0.255g of calamine (same as the example 1) in a negative cover, injecting 0.116g of the negative electrolyte prepared in the step (1), placing the negative cover on the positive cover, compacting, and then pressing into a finished battery under a manual punch.
Effect of button alkaline zinc manganese cell prepared in example:
the negative electrode electrolyte containing the tween 20 and polyethylene glycol 600 compound additive is tested to inhibit the self-discharge of the battery and the influence on the discharge of the battery: the AG13 button type alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide cell assembled in examples 1 to 3 was placed in an incubator at a constant temperature of 57 ℃ for 10 days, the ballooning height of the cell was measured by a vernier caliper, the cell performance was measured by a land cell test system, and the discharge capacities of the cell assembled in the examples and the ordinary cell of the same specification were compared under the same discharge system, and the results are shown in fig. 1 to 4. As can be seen from figure 1, the AG13 button type alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide batteries assembled in the embodiments 1-3 have the ballooning degree lower than the national standard height upper limit of 0.25mm, and the ballooning degree meets the requirements. As can be seen from fig. 2 to 4, the AG13 button type alkaline zn-mn batteries assembled in examples 1 to 3 all had higher discharge capacity than the common AG13 battery of the same specification when continuously discharging from 1mA to 0.9V, which indicates that the battery assembled by the technique of the present invention has better performance than the common battery of the same specification.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
40 to 44 percent of potassium hydroxide
5 to 6 percent of zinc oxide
0.05 to 0.2 percent of compound additive
50.5 to 55 percent of water;
the compound additive consists of polyethylene glycol and tween according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-2: 1.
2. The alkaline zinc cell negative electrolyte of claim 1, wherein: the polyethylene glycol is PEG600.
3. The alkaline zinc cell negative electrolyte of claim 1, wherein: the tween is tween 20.
4. A method for preparing the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Dissolving 40-44% by mass of potassium hydroxide and 5-6% by mass of zinc oxide by using 50.5-55% by mass of water to obtain an alkaline electrolyte solution;
(2) And (2) uniformly dispersing the compound additive with the mass percent of 0.05-0.2% in the alkaline electrolyte solution prepared in the step (1) to prepare the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte.
5. The alkaline zinc cell negative electrolyte of claim 4, wherein: the water in the step (1) is divided into two parts, and after potassium hydroxide and zinc oxide are dissolved by one part of water, the other part of water is added.
6. Use of the alkaline zinc cell negative electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the alkaline zinc battery negative electrode electrolyte is used in an alkaline zinc battery.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the alkaline zinc battery is a button alkaline zinc-manganese battery; the button alkaline zinc-manganese cell comprises a positive cover, a negative cover, a rubber ring, positive electrolyte, negative electrolyte of the alkaline zinc cell, a positive manganese cake and negative calamine cream; the positive electrolyte is a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass percent of 40-45%; the zinc paste consists of 95 mass percent of mercury-free zinc powder, 3.5 mass percent of carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, 1 mass percent of expanding agent sodium polyacrylate QP-3 and 0.5 mass percent of zinc oxide.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the button type alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery comprises the following manufacturing steps: pretreating the positive and negative covers, placing the manganese cake in the positive cover, injecting positive electrolyte, placing the diaphragm on the manganese cake, placing the calamine cream in the negative cover, injecting alkaline zinc battery negative electrolyte, placing the negative cover on the positive cover, compacting and then punching by a manual punching machine to obtain the finished battery.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212239A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-12 | 嘉兴恒威电池有限公司 | Gelling agent used for alkaline cell, colloidal anode mixture and alkaline cell |
| WO2013010409A1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-01-24 | 浙江理工大学 | High-performance rechargeable battery |
| CN105268963A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for decreasing granularity of zinc powder produced with alkaline process |
| CN106876713A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江野马电池有限公司 | Alkaline manganese battery cathode additive |
| CN104733785B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-11-07 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Battery |
| CN108172854A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 广东力王新能源股份有限公司 | Alkaline zinc-manganese battery containing zinc oxide and preparation method thereof |
| CN109065972A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-21 | 福建南平南孚电池有限公司 | A kind of alkaline battery that can efficiently discharge battery capacity |
| CN109244496A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-18 | 嘉兴华荣电池有限公司 | Electrolyte of alkaline battery |
| CN110010982A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-07-12 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Battery |
| CN110808402A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | Based on Zn (OH)42-Conductive ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN112164832A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-01-01 | 山东合泰新能源有限公司 | Preparation method of electrolyte and zinc-nickel battery using same |
| CN113097518A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州柔能纳米科技有限公司 | Electrolyte for flexible neutral zinc-manganese dioxide battery and preparation method thereof |
| US11367914B2 (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2022-06-21 | ZAF Energy Systems, Incorporated | Pouched metal-air battery cells |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212239B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2013-03-27 | 嘉兴恒威电池有限公司 | Gelling agent used for alkaline cell, colloidal anode mixture and alkaline cell |
| CN102212239A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-12 | 嘉兴恒威电池有限公司 | Gelling agent used for alkaline cell, colloidal anode mixture and alkaline cell |
| WO2013010409A1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-01-24 | 浙江理工大学 | High-performance rechargeable battery |
| CN104733785B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-11-07 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Battery |
| CN105268963A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for decreasing granularity of zinc powder produced with alkaline process |
| CN106876713A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江野马电池有限公司 | Alkaline manganese battery cathode additive |
| CN106876713B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-09-06 | 浙江野马电池股份有限公司 | Alkaline manganese battery cathode additive |
| CN108172854A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 广东力王新能源股份有限公司 | Alkaline zinc-manganese battery containing zinc oxide and preparation method thereof |
| CN110010982A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-07-12 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Battery |
| CN109065972B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-03-10 | 福建南平南孚电池有限公司 | Alkaline battery capable of efficiently releasing battery capacity |
| CN109065972A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-21 | 福建南平南孚电池有限公司 | A kind of alkaline battery that can efficiently discharge battery capacity |
| CN109244496A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-18 | 嘉兴华荣电池有限公司 | Electrolyte of alkaline battery |
| CN110808402A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | Based on Zn (OH)42-Conductive ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN110808402B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-08-09 | 大连理工大学 | Based on Zn (OH) 42- Conductive ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN112164832A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-01-01 | 山东合泰新能源有限公司 | Preparation method of electrolyte and zinc-nickel battery using same |
| US11367914B2 (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2022-06-21 | ZAF Energy Systems, Incorporated | Pouched metal-air battery cells |
| CN113097518A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 苏州柔能纳米科技有限公司 | Electrolyte for flexible neutral zinc-manganese dioxide battery and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110209 |