CN101968321B - Steam/water heat exchange system - Google Patents

Steam/water heat exchange system Download PDF

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CN101968321B
CN101968321B CN 201010524453 CN201010524453A CN101968321B CN 101968321 B CN101968321 B CN 101968321B CN 201010524453 CN201010524453 CN 201010524453 CN 201010524453 A CN201010524453 A CN 201010524453A CN 101968321 B CN101968321 B CN 101968321B
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黄绍新
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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    • Y02B30/12Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps

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Abstract

The invention discloses a steam/water heat exchange system, comprising a steam/water heat exchanger, a condensed water collecting device and an absorption heat pump. The steam heat source of the primary net enters into the steam/water heat exchange system from a first inlet of the steam/water heat exchanger, and the heated hot water enters into the steam/water heat exchange system from a third inlet of the absorption heat pump and flows out of the steam/water heat exchange system from a second outlet of the steam/water heat exchanger to form the secondary net. The condensed water formed in the primary net enters into the condensed water collecting device, enters into the absorption heat pump from the condensed water collecting device and flows out from a fourth outlet to enter into the condensed water collecting device again after undergoing heat exchange in the absorption heat pump. The heated hot water in the absorption heat pump flows out of the absorption heat pump from a third outlet to enter into a second inlet of the steam/water heat exchanger, thus raising the temperature of the heated hot water, namely, raising the return water temperature of the secondary net of the steam/water heat exchanger.

Description

The steam-water heat exchanging system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat exchange field, particularly relate to a kind of steam-water heat exchanging system.
Background technology
Along with the raising day by day with the resident living level of maintaining sustained and rapid growth of economy, the industry of Future in China and resident's heating heat demand will keep quick growth trend.By 2010, the cogeneration of heat and power installed capacity will be doubled on basis in 2005, to satisfy ever-increasing industry and resident's heating heat demand.
Cogeneration of heat and power is to be converted into the high-grade electric energy with what coal burning produced than high-grade heat energy, the process that is used for generating back residual low grade heat energy simultaneously.In this process, steam power plant's heating efficiency is far above the central heating of other modes of employing.Cogeneration of heat and power can utilize the heat energy classification of different grades, and promptly high-grade heat energy is used for generating, and low-grade heat energy is used for central heating.Be a kind of high efficient energy sources mode of production of heat energy and electric energy Joint Production, its thermal efficiency can reach 80-90%.Compare with other heat-supplying modes, it is low that the cogeneration of heat and power central heating has energy consumption, and characteristics such as good economy performance all have clear superiority in resource distribution and environmental protection.Therefore, cogeneration of heat and power is to solve concentrated supply of heating in the city and the effective way that improves power plant's comprehensive utilization of energy rate.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the operation principle sketch map of a kind of typical vapor-water heat exchanger in the prior art.
In vapor-water heat exchanger, steam source gets into heat exchanger from the A pipeline, carry out heat exchange with cold water after, form condensate and discharge from the B pipeline, this loop is called primary water loop or net once, the A pipeline is intake for net once, the B pipeline is for once netting backwater; Need heated cold water to get into heat exchanger from the C pipeline, carry out heat exchange with steam source after, be heated the back and discharge from the D pipeline; Get into user's heat transmission equipment; This loop is called secondary water loop or secondary net, and the C pipeline is a secondary net backwater, and the D pipeline supplies water for the secondary net.
The high temperature and high pressure steam that the terminal use of cogeneration of heat and power provides steam power plant is heated hot water through the vapor-water heat exchanger heating, forms secondary water, again the heat transmission equipment through secondary water heating end user (like the household central heating sheet etc.).The secondary net receives the restriction of end user's heat transmission equipment requirement; Its return water temperature is 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ mostly; In order to guarantee secondary net return water temperature, once the condensate temperature of net must be higher than secondary net return water temperature, to realize the heat exchange difference about 10 ℃.In order to improve heat exchange efficiency, to reduce condensate temperature; Realization is less than 10 ℃ heat exchange difference; Must be cost to strengthen heat exchange area, to increase the vapor-water heat exchanger cost just, it be embodied as originally very high, and can not realize in a lot of occasions; Influence the applicability of vapor-water heat exchanger, also reduced the utilization ratio of steam source.
Therefore; How, reduce the exhaust temperature of once netting steam condensate (SC), make sensible heat in the steam condensate (SC) be recovered and use in the secondary hot net water according to the needs of heat supply secondary net return water temperature; Reaching energy-conservation effect, is the present technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of steam-water heat exchanging system, this system can make once net and the abundant heat exchange of secondary net, make secondary net return water temperature higher, and it is lower once to net return water temperature, reaches effect of saving energy.
Be to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides a kind of steam-water heat exchanging system, comprises vapor-water heat exchanger, and this vapor-water heat exchanger comprises first inlet and first outlet of mutual correspondence, and corresponding each other second inlet and second exports; Said first inlet is communicated with steam source, and said second outlet is that the secondary net of said steam-water heat exchanging system exports; Also comprise absorption heat pump and condensed water collecting device, said absorption heat pump comprises that the 3rd inlet and the 3rd of mutual correspondence exports, the 4th inlet and the 4th outlet of correspondence each other; Said condensed water collecting device comprises the 5th inlet and the 5th outlet; The hot water that is heated of said steam-water heat exchanging system gets into said absorption heat pump from said the 3rd inlet, and said the 3rd outlet is communicated with said second inlet, and said first outlet and the said the 5th enters the mouth and is communicated with, and the said the 5th exports and the said the 4th enter the mouth and be communicated with; The cryogenic condensation water of said absorption heat pump is discharged from said the 4th outlet.
Preferably, said condensed water collecting device comprise low-temperature space, high-temperature region and be located at said low-temperature space and said high-temperature region between dividing plate, the upper surface of this dividing plate and the top of said condensed water collecting device have predetermined gap; Said low-temperature space is provided with the 6th inlet and the 6th outlet; Said the 4th outlet is communicated with said the 6th inlet, and said the 6th inlet and at least one place of said the 6th outlet are provided with first control valve that the water level of controlling said low-temperature space is higher or lower than said dividing plate upper surface; Said high-temperature region all is located in said the 5th inlet and said the 5th outlet, and the water level that said the 5th outlet is provided with the said high-temperature region of control is lower than second control valve of the upper surface of said dividing plate.
Preferably, be provided with the condensed water circulating pump between said the 5th outlet and said the 4th inlet.
Preferably, the power source of said absorption heat pump inlet is communicated with said steam source.
Preferably, said condensed water collecting device has the 7th inlet, and the high-temperature condensation water outlet corresponding each other with said power source inlet is communicated with said the 7th inlet.
Preferably, said the 7th inlet is located at said high-temperature region.
Steam-water heat exchanging provided by the present invention system; Comprise vapor-water heat exchanger, condensed water collecting device and absorption heat pump; Once the steam source of net gets into the steam-water heat exchanging system from first inlet of vapor-water heat exchanger; The 3rd inlet that is heated hot water self-absorption formula heat pump gets into the steam-water heat exchanging system, and flows out the steam-water heat exchanging system from second outlet of vapor-water heat exchanger, forms the secondary net.The condensed water of a net form one-tenth gets into condensed water collecting device, and from condensed water collecting device, gets into absorption heat pump, after carrying out heat exchange in the absorption heat pump, gets into condensed water collecting device again from the 4th outlet outflow.The hot water that is heated that from absorption heat pump, heats flows out absorption heat pump from the 3rd outlet, gets into second inlet of vapor-water heat exchanger, thereby the temperature that is heated hot water is improved, and has been equivalent to improve the return water temperature of the secondary net of vapor-water heat exchanger.Be not difficult to find out that from the above-mentioned course of work absorption heat pump has effectively absorbed the heat of a water outlet in the vapor-water heat exchanger, and with the secondary net backwater of heat transferred vapor-water heat exchanger; Promptly utilize once net the water outlet heat secondary net backwater, make secondary net backwater be heated twice back and discharge, to improve the grade of secondary net backwater; Reduce the grade of once netting draining; Make full use of the heat of system, energy savings cuts the waste.
A kind of preferred embodiment in, said condensed water collecting device comprise low-temperature space, high-temperature region and be located at said low-temperature space and said high-temperature region between dividing plate, the upper surface of this dividing plate and the top of said condensed water collecting device have predetermined gap; Said low-temperature space is provided with the 6th inlet and the 6th outlet; Said the 4th outlet is communicated with said the 6th inlet, and said the 6th inlet and at least one place of said the 6th outlet are provided with first control valve that the water level of controlling said low-temperature space is higher or lower than said dividing plate upper surface; Said high-temperature region all is located in said the 5th inlet and said the 5th outlet, and the water level that said the 5th outlet is provided with the said high-temperature region of control is lower than second control valve of the upper surface of said dividing plate, makes the condensed water in the said low-temperature space selectively flow to said high-temperature region.Dividing plate is divided into two parts with condensed water collecting device; A part is a low-temperature space; Another part is the high-temperature region, and the condensed water that from first outlet of vapor-water heat exchanger, flows out gets into the high-temperature region of condensed water collecting device, gets into absorption heat pump from the 5th outlet then; The cryogenic condensation water that forms after the heat exchange flows out the low-temperature space that absorption heat pump gets into condensed water collecting device from the 4th outlet.When system needed, the condensed water of low-temperature space can flow to the high-temperature region, mixed with the condensed water of high-temperature region, flowed to absorption heat pump behind the condensed water of temperature in the formation.
The height of dividing plate can be fixed, and through the water level of by-pass valve control switch low-temperature space, makes the water level of low-temperature space in needs, be higher than the upper surface of dividing plate, and the condensed water of low temperature gets into the high-temperature region; The height of dividing plate also can be to regulate; The water level of maintenance low-temperature space is higher than the water level of high-temperature region, and when the height adjustment of dividing plate arrived suitable height, the water level of low-temperature space was higher than the upper surface of dividing plate; And the water level of high-temperature region is lower than the upper surface of dividing plate, makes the condensed water of low-temperature space get into the high-temperature region.Diaphragm structure is simple, is easy to produce, and can reduce the production difficulty and the production cost of condensed water collecting device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle sketch map of a kind of typical vapor-water heat exchanger in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first kind of specific embodiment of steam-water heat exchanging system provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of second kind of specific embodiment of steam-water heat exchanging system provided by the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present invention provides a kind of steam-water heat exchanging system, and this system can make once net and the abundant heat exchange of secondary net, make secondary net return water temperature higher, and it is lower once to net return water temperature, reaches effect of saving energy.
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, the present invention is done further detailed description below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first kind of specific embodiment of steam-water heat exchanging system provided by the present invention.
Steam-water heat exchanging provided by the present invention system; Comprise vapor-water heat exchanger 1, condensed water collecting device 2 and absorption heat pump 3; Vapor-water heat exchanger 1 comprises the first inlet 11A and the first outlet 11B of mutual correspondence, and the second corresponding each other inlet 12A and the second outlet 12B, wherein; The first inlet 11A is communicated with steam source, and the second outlet 12B is the secondary net outlet of steam-water heat exchanging system; Absorption heat pump 3 comprises that the 3rd inlet 31A and the 3rd of mutual correspondence exports 31B, mutual the 4th corresponding inlet 32A and the 4th outlet 32B, and the power source of mutual correspondence inlet 33A and high-temperature condensation water outlet 33B; Condensed water collecting device 2 comprises the 5th inlet 21A and the 5th outlet 21B; And the first outlet 11B is communicated with the 5th inlet 21A, and the second inlet 12A is communicated with the 3rd outlet 31B, and the 5th outlet 21B is communicated with the 4th inlet 32A; The condensed water of absorption heat pump 3 is discharged from the 4th outlet 32B, and the hot water that is heated of steam-water heat exchanging system gets into absorption heat pump 3 from the 3rd inlet 31A.
Like this; Once the steam source of net gets into the steam-water heat exchanging system from the first inlet 11A of vapor-water heat exchanger 1; The 3rd inlet 31A that is heated hot water self-absorption formula heat pump 3 gets into the steam-water heat exchanging system, and flows out the steam-water heat exchanging system from the second outlet 12B of vapor-water heat exchanger 1, forms the secondary net.The condensed water of a net form one-tenth gets into condensed water collecting device 2, and from condensed water collecting device 2, gets into absorption heat pump 3, after 3 li of absorption heat pumps carry out heat exchange, gets into condensed water collecting device 2 again from the 4th outlet 32B outflow.The hot water that is heated of heating flows out absorption heat pump 3 from the 3rd outlet 31B from absorption heat pump 3, gets into the second inlet 12A of vapor-water heat exchanger 1, thereby improves the return water temperature of the secondary net of vapor-water heat exchanger 1, and the temperature that is heated hot water is improved.
Be not difficult to find out that from the above-mentioned course of work absorption heat pump 3 has effectively absorbed the heat of a water outlet in the vapor-water heat exchanger 1, and with the secondary net backwater of heat transferred vapor-water heat exchanger 1; Promptly utilize once net the water outlet heat secondary net backwater, make secondary net backwater be heated twice back and discharge, to improve the grade of secondary net backwater; Reduce the grade of once netting draining; Make full use of the heat of system, energy savings cuts the waste.
Need to prove; " corresponding each other " as herein described means that in vapor-water heat exchanger 1 and absorption heat pump 3 medium is along same pipeline and direction circulation; Behind an inlet entering vapor-water heat exchanger 1 or absorption heat pump 3; Through heat exchange, leave vapor-water heat exchanger 1 or absorption heat pump 3 from an outlet, this entrance and exit is corresponding each other.
In a kind of concrete embodiment; Condensed water collecting device 2 comprise low-temperature space, high-temperature region and be located at low-temperature space and the high-temperature region between dividing plate 24; And the upper surface of dividing plate 24 and the top of condensed water collecting device have predetermined gap, make the condensed water in the low-temperature space selectively flow to the high-temperature region, and low-temperature space is provided with the 6th inlet 22A and the 6th outlet 22B; The 4th outlet 32B is communicated with the 6th inlet 22A, and the 5th inlet 21A and the 5th outlet 21B are located at the high-temperature region.Like this; Dividing plate 24 is divided into two parts with condensed water collecting device 2, and a part is a low-temperature space, and another part is the high-temperature region; The condensed water that from the first outlet 11B of vapor-water heat exchanger 1, flows out gets into the high-temperature region of condensed water collecting device 2; Get into absorption heat pump 3 from the 5th outlet 21B then, the cryogenic condensation water that forms after the heat exchange flows out the low-temperature space that absorption heat pump 3 gets into condensed water collecting device 2 from the 4th outlet 32B.When system needed, the condensed water of low-temperature space can flow to the high-temperature region, mixed with the condensed water of high-temperature region, flowed to absorption heat pump 3 behind the condensed water of temperature in the formation.
Absorption heat pump 3 is under the operating mode of big flow, the little temperature difference, and its operating efficiency is higher.After utilizing dividing plate to open low-temperature space and high-temperature region in 24 minutes; Less when the condensed water of high-temperature region, cause the flow between the 5th outlet 21B and the 4th inlet 32A less, when influencing the operating efficiency of absorption heat pump 3; With the condensation flow of low-temperature space to the high-temperature region; The condensed water of low-temperature space is mixed with the condensed water of high-temperature region, so both increased the flow between the 5th outlet 21B and the 4th inlet 32A, reduced the inflow temperature of absorption heat pump 3 again; Kill two birds with one stone, improved the operating efficiency of absorption heat pump 3.
Particularly; The height of dividing plate 24 can be fixed; The water level of first control valve control low-temperature space that can be through the 6th outlet 22B and/or the 6th inlet 22A makes the water level of low-temperature space in needs, be higher than the upper surface of dividing plate 24, and the condensed water of low temperature gets into the high-temperature region; The height of dividing plate 24 also can be to regulate; The water level of maintenance low-temperature space is higher than the water level of high-temperature region; When the height adjustment of dividing plate 24 arrives suitable height; The water level of low-temperature space is higher than the upper surface of dividing plate 24, and the water level of high-temperature region is lower than the upper surface of dividing plate 24, makes the condensed water of low-temperature space get into the high-temperature region.Dividing plate 24 is simple in structure, is easy to produce, and can reduce the production difficulty of condensed water collecting device 2, reduces the production cost of condensed water collecting device 2.
Simultaneously, the 5th outlet 21B is provided with second control valve of control high-temperature region water level, utilizes second control valve to control the flow of the 5th outlet 21B, is lower than the upper surface of dividing plate 24 with the water level that keeps the high-temperature region, guarantees that the condensed water of high-temperature region can not get into low-temperature space.
Obviously, dividing plate 24 can be replaced by other structure with isolation features, and for example: low-temperature space and high-temperature region can be two independently intervals; Wherein through switch isolation such as pressure valve; The water level of high-temperature region reduces, and its hydraulic pressure reduces, and controls the height of water level and the hydraulic pressure of low-temperature space through first control valve of the 6th outlet 22B and/or the 6th inlet 22A; When making the hydraulic pressure of hydraulic pressure and the high-temperature region of low-temperature space reach predetermined ratio or difference, pressure valve is opened; When the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pressure of low-temperature space and high-temperature region during less than predetermined ratio or difference, pressure valve is closed.
In order to improve the operating efficiency of steam-water heat exchanging system, can between the 5th outlet 21B and the 4th inlet 32A, the condensed water circulating pump be set, the speed that makes condensed water get into absorption heat pump 3 improves, and improves the heat exchange efficiency of absorption heat pump 3.
Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of second kind of specific embodiment of steam-water heat exchanging system provided by the present invention.
In second kind of concrete embodiment, absorption heat pump power source inlet 33A is communicated with steam source, and condensed water collecting device 2 also comprises the 7th inlet 23A, and the high-temperature condensation water outlet 33B of absorption heat pump is communicated with the 7th inlet 23A.Promptly utilize the steam source of high temperature to start absorption heat pump 3, again the high-temperature condensation water that forms is entered condensed water collecting device 2, carry out second use, reduce thermal loss.
Further, the 7th inlet 23A is located at the high-temperature region, and high-temperature condensation water is entered the high-temperature region through the 7th inlet 23A, mixes with the high-temperature condensation water of discharging in the vapor-water heat exchanger 1, and one reacts on absorption heat pump 3, further improves the utilization ratio of heat energy.
Simultaneously, can also be provided with circulating pump in the steam-water heat exchanging provided by the present invention system, through circulating pump the condensed water of condensed water collecting device 2 high-temperature regions sent into the 4th inlet 32A of absorption heat pump 3, to improve the heat exchange efficiency of absorption heat pump 3.
In first kind of above-mentioned specific embodiment, steam source can be communicated with the first inlet 11A of vapor-water heat exchanger 1, also can be communicated with the first inlet 11A and absorption heat pump power source inlet 33A simultaneously; The high-temperature condensation water that absorption heat pump 3 is utilized can form in vapor-water heat exchanger 1, also can form at the power source of absorption heat pump 3.
From foregoing description, be not difficult to find out; Steam source can only be communicated with the first inlet 11A; Perhaps be communicated with the first inlet 11A and absorption heat pump power source inlet 33A simultaneously; The high-temperature condensation water that generates in vapor-water heat exchanger 1 and the absorption heat pump 3 can partly enter condensed water collecting device 2, also can all enter condensed water collecting device 2 simultaneously.
In sum; Steam-water heat exchanging provided by the present invention system; Utilize steam source to drive one in vapor-water heat exchanger 1 and the absorption heat pump 3 or both earlier, regather in vapor-water heat exchanger 1 and the absorption heat pump 3 one or the high-temperature condensation water of discharging among both, high-temperature condensation water is handled suitable temperature and flow velocity after circulating pump is sent into absorption heat pump 3; The cryogenic condensation water section that to discharge through the 4th outlet 32B of absorption heat pump 3 at last utilizes; Mix with high-temperature condensation water, other cryogenic condensation water is discharged system, accomplishes an operation cycle.This steam-water heat exchanging system can effectively improve the integrated heat efficiency of unit, reduces the heat supply steam consumption of unit, reaches the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction, improves the productivity effect of enterprise simultaneously.
More than steam-water heat exchanging provided by the present invention system has been carried out detailed introduction.Used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a steam-water heat exchanging system comprises vapor-water heat exchanger, and this vapor-water heat exchanger comprises first inlet and first outlet of mutual correspondence, and the second corresponding each other inlet and second outlet; Said first inlet is communicated with steam source, and said second export to be the outlet that is heated hot water of said steam-water heat exchanging system; It is characterized in that, also comprise absorption heat pump and condensed water collecting device, said absorption heat pump comprises that the 3rd inlet and the 3rd of mutual correspondence exports, the 4th inlet and the 4th outlet of correspondence each other; Said condensed water collecting device comprises the 5th inlet and the 5th outlet; The hot water that is heated of said steam-water heat exchanging system gets into said absorption heat pump from said the 3rd inlet, and said the 3rd outlet is communicated with said second inlet, and said first outlet and the said the 5th enters the mouth and is communicated with, and the said the 5th exports and the said the 4th enter the mouth and be communicated with; The cryogenic condensation water of said absorption heat pump is discharged from said the 4th outlet.
2. steam-water heat exchanging according to claim 1 system; It is characterized in that; Said condensed water collecting device comprise low-temperature space, high-temperature region and be located at said low-temperature space and said high-temperature region between dividing plate, the upper surface of this dividing plate and the top of said condensed water collecting device have predetermined gap; Said low-temperature space is provided with the 6th inlet and the 6th outlet; Said the 4th outlet is communicated with said the 6th inlet, and said the 6th inlet and at least one place of said the 6th outlet are provided with first control valve that the water level of controlling said low-temperature space is higher or lower than said dividing plate upper surface; Said high-temperature region all is located in said the 5th inlet and said the 5th outlet, and the water level that said the 5th outlet is provided with the said high-temperature region of control is lower than second control valve of the upper surface of said dividing plate.
3. steam-water heat exchanging according to claim 2 system is characterized in that, said the 5th outlet is provided with the condensed water circulating pump between entering the mouth with the said the 4th.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described steam-water heat exchanging systems, it is characterized in that the power source inlet of said absorption heat pump is communicated with said steam source.
5. steam-water heat exchanging according to claim 4 system is characterized in that said condensed water collecting device has the 7th inlet, and entering the mouth with the corresponding each other high-temperature condensation water outlet and the said the 7th of said power source inlet is communicated with.
6. steam-water heat exchanging according to claim 5 system is characterized in that, said the 7th inlet is located at said high-temperature region.
CN 201010524453 2010-10-28 2010-10-28 Steam/water heat exchange system Active CN101968321B (en)

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