CN101967968A - Three-cavity pressure separation device in high-temperature high-pressure container - Google Patents
Three-cavity pressure separation device in high-temperature high-pressure container Download PDFInfo
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- CN101967968A CN101967968A CN201010284926XA CN201010284926A CN101967968A CN 101967968 A CN101967968 A CN 101967968A CN 201010284926X A CN201010284926X A CN 201010284926XA CN 201010284926 A CN201010284926 A CN 201010284926A CN 101967968 A CN101967968 A CN 101967968A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-cavity pressure separation device in a high-temperature high-pressure container, comprising an intermediate isolation ring, a steel bushing, a connection flange and a connection base which are sequentially connected. The intermediate isolation ring is internally provided with an inner seal ring, a first seal ring assembly is arranged between the outer wall of the intermediate isolation ring and the inner wall of the high-temperature high-pressure container, and a second seal ring assembly is arranged between the inner wall of the intermediate isolation ring and the outer wall of the inner seal ring; the bushing wall of the steel bushing is provided with vent holes, and a lining of the steel bushing is provided with a rubber bushing which is internally provided with a cement target, a sandstone target and a filter in sequence; and a third seal ring assembly is arranged between the connection flange and the connection base, and a fourth seal ring assembly is arranged between the lower end of the connection base and a seal head at the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure container. Accordingly, three mutually independent pressure spaces are formed in the high-temperature high-pressure container. The device not only can be used for vividly simulating a stratum structure to establish stable shaft pressure, shaft confining pressure and pore pressure, but also can be used for realizing effective transmission between the shaft confining pressure and the pore pressure, and is suitable for ground simulated oil field perforation tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in seal, set up in the simulation well perforation experiment of oil field the device of three cavity pressures (wellbore pressure, pit shaft confined pressure and pore pressure), refer to three cavity pressure separating devices in a kind of high temperature and high pressure containers particularly.
Background technology
In the oil exploitation industry, the improvement of perforation equipment and the improvement of gun perforation process to improve oil recovery rate, to stablize oil field production capacity significant.In order to estimate the perforating effectiveness of perforation equipment and gun perforation process on ground, the scientific research personnel need set up the experimental rig of a cover oil field simulation well perforation.
At present, when domestic and international most of oil company and research institution thereof carry out the test of simulation well perforating effectiveness on ground, its experimental rig is to make up according to the way of recommending among the standard A PI RP19b of american petroleum employer's organization basically, can finish in following four kinds of tests one or more: under (1) multiple bullet, normal temperature and the atmospheric pressure test condition, estimate perforation system with concrete target.(2) single round, room temperature and wellbore pressure (under the test condition of P≤21MPa), are estimated perforation system with the Berea sandstone target.(3) under multiple bullet, high temperature and the atmospheric pressure test condition, estimate perforation system with the steel target.(4) under single round, room temperature and three cavity pressures (the about 31.5MPa of wellbore pressure, the about 10.5MPa of pit shaft confined pressure, the about 7MPa of the pore pressure) test condition, estimate the flow behavior of Berea sandstone target preforation tunnel.
Above-mentioned test evaluation perforation system all is an approximate simulation, and experimental rig also all makes up than being easier to.But there is following weak point separately in they: simple evaluation only can be carried out by the perforating effectiveness to perforation system from aspects such as penetration depth, eye diameter and burr heights in test (1)~(3), and is too wide in the gap with the time of day of earth formation.Test (4) is except can estimating penetration depth, eye diameter and burr height, can also test and measure the flowability of Berea sandstone target before and after the perforation, can estimate perforating effectiveness more intuitively like this, but because of it is to test under the not high again situation of single round, room temperature, three cavity pressure values, so also be difficult to the real simulation earth formation.
Can key that realistic simulation earth formation situation be to test the foundation of three cavity pressures (wellbore pressure, pit shaft confined pressure and pore pressure) in the airtight container.In the earth formation of actual oil well, along with the continuous increase of drilling depth, the temperature and pressure of down-hole also constantly raises.When well depth 8~9km even 10km, pressure may be up to 120MPa, and temperature may be up to 200 ℃.Under such high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, three cavity pressures that set up in the test airtight container are not only very difficult, and also are difficult between pore pressure and the pit shaft confined pressure transmit.Even set up three cavity pressures, the rubber sleeve black box that wherein plays the chamber compartmentation also is very easy to damage under high temperature high pressure severe environment, causes test to proceed, thereby can't satisfy the oil exploitation industry to improving the requirement of perforating effectiveness.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention will overcome the existing existing defective of simulation well perforating effectiveness experimental rig exactly, and three cavity pressure separating devices in a kind of high temperature and high pressure containers are provided.This apparatus structure is simple and practical, the high temperature high voltage resistant performance is good, long working life, not only can simulates real on the spot a layer structure set up stable wellbore pressure, pit shaft confined pressure and pore pressure, and can realize the effective transmission between pit shaft confined pressure and the pore pressure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is designed is used for three cavity pressure separating devices of the high temperature and high pressure containers of simulation oil field perforation experiment on the ground, has the pressure spacer body that is arranged in the high temperature and high pressure containers, described pressure spacer body comprises intermediate isolating ring, steel bushing, adpting flange and Connection Block from top to bottom successively, the lower end of described intermediate isolating ring links to each other with the upper end of steel bushing by first bolt assembly, the lower end of described steel bushing links to each other with the upper end of adpting flange by second bolt assembly, and the lower end of described adpting flange links to each other with the upper end of Connection Block by screw thread.
Be provided with in the described intermediate isolating ring with sealing that it is threaded in encircle, be provided with first seal ring assembly between the outer wall of described intermediate isolating ring and the inwall of high temperature and high pressure containers, be provided with second seal ring assembly between the outer wall of ring in the inwall of described intermediate isolating ring and the sealing, thus the wellbore pressure space that formation is simulated between ring and the top seal head of high temperature and high pressure containers in intermediate isolating ring and sealing.
Be distributed with air vent on the jacket wall of described steel bushing, described steel bushing inner lining rubber sleeve, the lower surface of ring is disposed with cement target, sandstone target and strainer in inside next-door neighbour's sealing of described rubber sleeve, the upper end flange of described rubber sleeve is pressed between the upper end of the lower end of intermediate isolating ring and steel bushing, and the lower end flange of described rubber sleeve is pressed between the upper end of the lower end of steel bushing and adpting flange.
The upper end connection of thread of the lower end of described adpting flange and Connection Block is provided with the 3rd seal ring assembly, be provided with the 4th seal ring assembly between the bottom seal head patchhole of the lower end axial region of described Connection Block and high temperature and high pressure containers, thereby between the barrel of rubber sleeve, adpting flange and Connection Block and high temperature and high pressure containers, form the pit shaft confined pressure space of simulation, form the pore pressure space of simulating at the mesopore of rubber sleeve inside, adpting flange and the hollow region of Connection Block.
Further, leave slit δ between the outer wall of described rubber sleeve and the steel bushing
1=0.3~0.8mm leaves slit δ between the inwall of described rubber sleeve and the sandstone target
2=0.5~2.0mm.Like this, all leave certain yielding leeway inside and outside the rubber sleeve, be convenient to realize the effective transmission between pit shaft confined pressure and the pore pressure, improve the authenticity of simulated formation structure.
Again further, the rubber sleeve of described steel bushing and liner thereof is divided into two sections at least, be connected as a single entity by intermediate annular pad and the 3rd bolt assembly between the rubber sleeve of adjacent two sections steel bushings and liner thereof, and the end flange of adjacent two sections rubber sleeves is pressed between corresponding the steel bushing end and intermediate annular pad.Like this, steel bushing and rubber sleeve are divided into less linkage unit, not only can increase the strength and stiffness of steel bushing, and can improve rubber sleeve toughness, reduce its damage probability, it prolongs its working life.Simultaneously, the sealing effectiveness of rubber sleeve is better, particularly in crimping place of the end of rubber sleeve flange and intermediate isolating ring, adpting flange and intermediate annular pad, because the deformation behavior of rubber sleeve, can adjust the decrement of rubber sleeve as required, make it to seal better.
Further, the centre of described adpting flange is provided with the puller bolt that is threaded, and the upper end of described puller bolt is stretched out adpting flange and is tight against lower end at strainer.Like this, the sandstone particle entered into container and pipeline after strainer can effectively prevent perforation, and puller bolt is the effective sandstone target of Fixed-Filter top then, penetrates inclined to one side hole in the time of can preventing perforation experiment, can prevent that again the sandstone target from moving with the perforation impact direction.
The invention has the advantages that: designed pressure spacer body by easy mechanical attachment structure with the intermediate isolating ring, steel bushing, adpting flange and Connection Block are combined as support system reliably, by being lining in rubber sleeve in the steel bushing with the main body cement target of simulated formation structure, sandstone target and strainer are sealed in it, and in conjunction with how group heat resisting and pressure resisting seal ring assemblies are divided into wellbore pressure with the superhigh-pressure high-temp container, three independent cavity of pit shaft confined pressure and pore pressure, it is simple and reliable for structure, chamber is separated stable, thereby effectively overcome the deficiency that under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, is difficult for setting up three cavity pressures in the prior art, can in the test of petroleum industry perforating effectiveness, basic the realization be suitable for 1~3 bullet true full simulation than the deep stratum structural behavior, in temperature T≤200 ℃, set up the flow behavior that three cavity pressures are estimated Berea sandstone target preforation tunnel under the condition of pressure P≤120Mpa.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the installation site schematic diagrames of three cavity pressure separating devices of the present invention in high temperature and high pressure containers.
Fig. 2 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of three cavity pressure separating devices among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional structure schematic diagram among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the local structure for amplifying schematic diagram in I place among Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the steel bushing structure for amplifying schematic diagram among Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the strainer structure for amplifying schematic diagram among Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the adpting flange structural representation among Fig. 2.
Figure 10 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 9.
Among the figure: bottom seal head 1, high temperature and high pressure containers 2, top seal head 3, pressure spacer body 4, Connection Block 5, the three seal ring assemblies 6, second bolt assembly 7, and rubber sleeve 8 (wherein: end flange transition arc 8.1), sandstone target 9, first bolt assembly 10, intermediate isolating ring 11, the first seal ring assemblies 12, ring 13 in the sealing, second seal ring assembly 14, cement target 15, the three bolt assemblies 16, intermediate annular pad 17, steel bushing 18 (wherein: air vent 18.1, end inner transition circular arc 18.2), strainer 19 (wherein: lower platen 19.1, screw 19.2, top board 19.3, filter screen 19.4), adpting flange 20, puller bolt 21, the 4th seal ring assembly 22, wellbore pressure space A, pit shaft confined pressure space B, pore pressure space C, wellbore pressure space import a, pit shaft confined pressure space import b, pore pressure space import c.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Three cavity pressure separating devices shown in the figure in the high temperature and high pressure containers are arranged on high temperature and high pressure containers 2 interior, the pressure spacer bodies 4 between top seal head 3 and bottom seal head 1.This pressure spacer body 4 comprises intermediate isolating ring 11, steel bushing 18, adpting flange 20 and Connection Block 5 from top to bottom successively.The lower end of intermediate isolating ring 11 is connected by the upper end of first bolt assembly 10 with steel bushing 18, the lower end of steel bushing 18 is connected by the upper end of second bolt assembly 7 with adpting flange 20, and the lower end of adpting flange 20 links to each other with the upper end internal thread of Connection Block 5 by external screw thread.
Encircle 13 in the sealing that above-mentioned intermediate isolating ring 11 inside lower end are provided with it is threaded, ring 13 be a bowl type in the sealing, and its bowl type structure had both helped guaranteeing the outer height of burst distance of perforating gun, helps again and being tightly connected of intermediate isolating ring 11 inside lower end.Be provided with first seal ring assembly 12 between the inwall of the outer wall of intermediate isolating ring 11 and high temperature and high pressure containers 2, be provided with second seal ring assembly 14 between the outer wall of ring 13 in the inwall of intermediate isolating ring 11 and the sealing, first seal ring assembly 12 and second seal ring assembly 14 adopt the O type viton seal ring of high temperature high voltage resistant, can under the condition of temperature T≤200 ℃, pressure P≤120Mpa, keep excellent sealing performance, thus the wellbore pressure space A that formation is simulated between the top seal head 3 of ring 13 and high temperature and high pressure containers 2 in intermediate isolating ring 11 and sealing.
Above-mentioned steel bushing 18 liner rubber sleeves 8, the lower surface of ring 13 is equipped with cement target 15, sandstone target 9 and strainer 19 successively in inside next-door neighbour's sealing of rubber sleeve 8.The upper end flange of rubber sleeve 8 is pressed between the upper end of the lower end of intermediate isolating ring 11 and steel bushing 18, the lower end flange of rubber sleeve 8 is pressed between the upper end of the lower end of steel bushing 18 and adpting flange 20, thereby cement target 15, sandstone target 9 and strainer 19 are sealed in rubber sleeve 8 inboards.Because the upper and lower side flange of rubber sleeve 8 has the certain elastic deformation performance, can control the decrement at rubber sleeve 8 upper and lower side flange places by regulating first bolt assembly 10 and second bolt assembly, 7 tightness.Ring 13 and cement target 15 all will more be changed after each perforation finishes as the destruction part in the perforation experiment process in the above-mentioned sealing.Above-mentioned strainer 19 comprises lower platen 19.1 that offers through hole on it and the top board 19.3 that is complementary with it, be provided with filter screen 19.4 between top board 19.3 and the lower platen 19.1, top board 19.3, filter screen 19.4 and lower platen 19.1 are connected as a single entity by screw 19.2, can effectively prevent perforation after the sandstone particle enter into high temperature and high pressure containers 2 and pipeline thereof.
Also be distributed with some air vents 18.1 on the jacket wall of above-mentioned steel bushing 18, air vent 18.1 along the circumferential direction is formed with multi-turn on the barrel of steel bushing 18, and every circle air vent 18.1 is evenly equipped with 6, and the axial spacing of two adjacent rings air vent 18.1 is 25~50mm.The even distribution of above-mentioned air vent 18.1 helps the pressure transmission and the balance of rubber sleeve 8 inside and outside both sides.In order to ensure the pressure of the inside and outside both sides of rubber sleeve 8 transmit more equalization stable, to improve the validity of stratum emulation mode, allow rubber sleeve 8 have certain deformation space in the design, promptly between the outer wall of rubber sleeve 8 and steel bushing 18, leave slit δ
1=0.5~0.6mm leaves slit δ between the inwall of rubber sleeve 8 and sandstone target 9
2=1.0~1.2mm.
The upper end connection of thread of the lower end of above-mentioned adpting flange 20 and Connection Block 5 is provided with the 3rd seal ring assembly 6.Be provided with the 4th seal ring assembly 22 between bottom seal head 1 patchhole of the lower end axial region of above-mentioned Connection Block 5 and high temperature and high pressure containers 2, and the length of above-mentioned Connection Block 5 lower end axial regions is less than the length of above-mentioned bottom seal head 1 patchhole, so that regulate the position of pressure spacer body 4 in high temperature and high pressure containers 2 inside.The 3rd seal ring assembly 6 and the 4th seal ring assembly 22 also adopt the O type viton seal ring of high temperature high voltage resistant.Like this, can between the barrel of rubber sleeve 8, adpting flange 20 and Connection Block 5 and high temperature and high pressure containers 2, form the pit shaft confined pressure space B of simulation, form the pore pressure space C that simulates at the mesopore of rubber sleeve 8 inside, adpting flange 20 and the hollow region of Connection Block 5.
As preferred scheme, the rubber sleeve 8 of above-mentioned steel bushing 18 and liner thereof can be divided into two sections, intermediate annular pad 17 and the 3rd bolt assembly 16 by hard between the rubber sleeve 8 of two sections steel bushing 18 and liner thereof are connected as a single entity, and the end flange of adjacent two sections rubber sleeves 8 is pressed between corresponding steel bushing 18 ends and intermediate annular pad 17.Like this, when compression seal connected, the intensity of the rubber sleeve 8 of segmental structure was better, toughness is higher, not fragile, and sealing effectiveness is also better.Simultaneously, the radius of the end flange transition arc 8.1 of preferred above-mentioned rubber sleeve 8 is less than the radius of the end inner transition circular arc 18.2 of the steel bushing 18 that is in contact with it.Like this, the stress that can reduce is to greatest extent herein concentrated, avoid rubber sleeve 8 in deformation process by the circular arc district of steel bushing 18 extrusion damage too.
As the scheme that is more preferably, the centre of above-mentioned adpting flange 20 is provided with the puller bolt 21 that is threaded, the upper end of puller bolt 21 is stretched out adpting flange 20 and is tight against lower end at strainer 19, thereby sandstone target 9 is fixed between cement target 15 and the strainer 19 securely, can prevent perforation track deflection in the sandstone target, can prevent that also sandstone target 9 from moving with the perforation impact direction.
Operating principle of the present invention is such: the pressure spacer body 4 that assembles is installed in the high temperature and high pressure containers 2, under the acting in conjunction of first seal ring assembly 12, second seal ring assembly 14, the 3rd seal ring assembly 6 and the 4th seal ring assembly 22, can form independently wellbore pressure space A, pit shaft confined pressure space B and pore pressure space C in high temperature and high pressure containers 2 inside.High temperature and high pressure containers 2 is heated to the temperature of setting, opens wellbore pressure space import a, pit shaft confined pressure space import b and pore pressure space import c respectively, squeeze into different force value respectively according to different needs, three cavity pressures have also just been set up.Test shows, the present invention can set up three cavity pressures effectively in high temperature and high pressure containers, it is simple in structure, sealing is reliable, operation is convenient, true to nature, the long working life of simulated formation structure, is suitable for simulated oil reservoir state and the test of evaluation perforating effectiveness etc. on the oil field.
Claims (10)
1. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers are used for simulation oil field perforation experiment on the ground, and it has the pressure spacer body (4) that is arranged in the high temperature and high pressure containers (2), it is characterized in that:
Described pressure spacer body (4) comprises intermediate isolating ring (11), steel bushing (18), adpting flange (20) and Connection Block (5) from top to bottom successively, the lower end of described intermediate isolating ring (11) links to each other with the upper end of steel bushing (18) by first bolt assembly (10), the lower end of described steel bushing (18) links to each other with the upper end of adpting flange (20) by second bolt assembly (7), and the lower end of described adpting flange (20) links to each other by the upper end of screw thread with Connection Block (5);
Be provided with in the described intermediate isolating ring (11) with sealing that it is threaded in ring (13), be provided with first seal ring assembly (12) between the inwall of the outer wall of described intermediate isolating ring (11) and high temperature and high pressure containers (2), be provided with second seal ring assembly (14) between the outer wall of ring (13) in the inwall of described intermediate isolating ring (11) and the sealing, thus the wellbore pressure space (A) that formation is simulated between the top seal head (3) of ring (13) and high temperature and high pressure containers (2) in intermediate isolating ring (11) and sealing;
Be distributed with air vent (18.1) on the jacket wall of described steel bushing (18), described steel bushing (18) liner rubber sleeve (8), the lower surface of ring (13) is disposed with cement target (15), sandstone target (9) and strainer (19) in inside next-door neighbour's bowl-type sealing of described rubber sleeve (8), the upper end flange of described rubber sleeve (8) is pressed between the upper end of the lower end of intermediate isolating ring (11) and steel bushing (18), and the lower end flange of described rubber sleeve (8) is pressed between the upper end of the lower end of steel bushing (18) and adpting flange (20);
The upper end connection of thread of the lower end of described adpting flange (20) and Connection Block (5) is provided with the 3rd seal ring assembly (6), be provided with the 4th seal ring assembly (22) between bottom seal head (1) patchhole of the lower end axial region of described Connection Block (5) and high temperature and high pressure containers (2), thereby in rubber sleeve (8), form the pit shaft confined pressure space (B) of simulation between the barrel of adpting flange (20) and Connection Block (5) and superhigh-pressure high-temp container (2), in rubber sleeve (8) inside, the hollow region of the mesopore of adpting flange (20) and Connection Block (5) forms the pore pressure space (C) of simulation.
2. three cavity pressure separating devices in the superhigh-pressure high-temp container according to claim 1 is characterized in that: leave slit δ between the outer wall of described rubber sleeve (8) and the steel bushing (18)
1=0.3~0.8mm leaves slit δ between the inwall of described rubber sleeve (8) and the sandstone target (9)
2=0.5~2.0mm.
3. three cavity pressure separating devices in the superhigh-pressure high-temp container according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the rubber sleeve (8) of described steel bushing (18) and liner thereof is divided into two sections at least, be connected as a single entity by intermediate annular pad (17) and the 3rd bolt assembly (16) between the rubber sleeve (8) of adjacent two sections steel bushings (18) and liner thereof, and the end flange of adjacent two sections rubber sleeves (8) is pressed between corresponding steel bushing (18) end and intermediate annular pad (17).
4. three cavity pressure separating devices in the superhigh-pressure high-temp container according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the radius of the end flange transition arc (8.1) of described rubber sleeve (8) is less than the radius of the end inner transition circular arc (18.2) of the steel bushing that is in contact with it (18).
5. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described air vent (18.1) along the circumferential direction is formed with multi-turn on the barrel of steel bushing (18), every circle air vent (18.1) is evenly equipped with 6, and the axletree of two adjacent rings air vent (18.1) is 25~50mm to spacing.
6. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described first seal ring assembly (12), second seal ring assembly (14), the 3rd seal ring assembly (6) and the 4th seal ring assembly (22) adopt O type viton seal ring.
7. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: ring (13) is the bowl type in the described sealing.
8. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described strainer (19) comprises lower platen (19.1) that offers through hole on it and the top board (19.3) that is complementary with it, be provided with filter screen (19.4) between described top board (19.3) and the lower platen (19.1), described top board (19.3), filter screen (19.4) and lower platen (19.1) are connected as a single entity by screw (19.2).
9. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the centre of described adpting flange (20) is provided with the puller bolt (21) that is threaded, and the upper end of described puller bolt (21) is stretched out adpting flange (20) and is tight against lower end in strainer (19).
10. three cavity pressure separating devices in the high temperature and high pressure containers according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the lower end axial region length of described Connection Block (5) is less than the length of bottom seal head (1) patchhole of high temperature and high pressure containers (2).
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CN102392621A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-03-28 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Indoor device for simulating site perforation |
CN110905492A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-03-24 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | Ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic perforation ground comprehensive mold experimental device |
CN110954460A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-03 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司 | Large-size sandstone target perforation flow efficiency testing device |
CN115522920A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-27 | 西南石油大学 | Test device for measuring gas-water double-layer perforation exploitation of tight sandstone gas reservoir |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115522920B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-02-10 | 西南石油大学 | Test device for measuring gas-water double-layer perforation exploitation of tight sandstone gas reservoir |
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