CN101964910A - Video spatial resolution conversion method based on code-rate type transcoding assistance - Google Patents

Video spatial resolution conversion method based on code-rate type transcoding assistance Download PDF

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CN101964910A
CN101964910A CN 201010257652 CN201010257652A CN101964910A CN 101964910 A CN101964910 A CN 101964910A CN 201010257652 CN201010257652 CN 201010257652 CN 201010257652 A CN201010257652 A CN 201010257652A CN 101964910 A CN101964910 A CN 101964910A
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郭红星
王洁
余胜生
田婷
孙伟平
周会娇
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a video spatial resolution conversion method based on code-rate type transcoding assistance, which comprises two key technologies. The first key technology comprises the following steps of: performing code-rate type transcoding on a video stream obtained by decoding a code rate corresponding to the target spatial resolution, actively setting high-frequency information to zero, ensuring the accuracy of motion vector and macroblock pattern multiplexing and benefiting the reduction of calculation amount and transmission bandwidth by maintaining the uniform video spatial resolution of a coding end and a decoding end. The second key technology comprises the following steps of: decoding at a user end and simultaneously resampling the decoded video steam according to the target resolution. Because the resolution of resampling is matched with the resolution of intermediate-frequency domain sub-sampling in code-rate type transcoding, the aliasing effect caused by resampling can be effectively inhibited, and video quality is ensured. In addition, because a large amount of display terminals have the function of resampling per se at present, the method has low extra expense at the decoding end. The invention has simple operation and is applicable to the adaptive real-time video transmission of wired network and mobile wireless network.

Description

Based on the auxiliary video spatial resolution conversion method of code check type transcoding
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless network field of video transmission, be specifically related to the spatial resolution conversion method of compressed video.
Background technology
Along with development of wireless communication devices, mobile multimedia is calculated and is being brought into play more and more important effect aspect raising people's daily life quality and the operating efficiency.But, because different receiving terminals have different screen sizes, this demand that shows with different spatial resolutions when the wireless video network must satisfy different terminals receiver, video stream.The spatial resolution transcoding is a kind of effective way of head it off: it can be converted into a kind of code stream of resolution the code stream of another kind of resolution, has therefore obtained the extensive concern of academia and industrial quarters.People have proposed many spatial resolution code-transferring methods, as [Vetro A, Christopoulos C, Sun Huifang.Video transcoding architectures and techniques:an overview.IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2003,20 (2): 18-29] and [Xin J, Lin C W, Sun M T.Digital video transcoding.Proc.of the IEEE, 2005.93 (1): 84-97] described.Wherein, the simplest method is exactly the cascade connection type transcoding.It is at first decoded to the input compressing video frequency flow, then according to the reconstructing video recompile of target requirement to the decoding gained, obtains the compressed video of requisite space resolution.Though this method can obtain good picture quality, because it does not utilize the information in the former compressed bit stream fully when recompile, but directly encode, make that the amount of calculation of whole transcoder is excessive and impracticable.In order to address this problem, people have been developed pixel domain code conversion and compression and (have been referred to the domain code conversion method of discrete cosine transform-DCT) here.Information such as motion vector that pixel domain code conversion obtains when decoding former compressed bit stream by reusing and macro block mode can avoid componental movement to estimate and the macro block mode decision process.Because estimation and mode decision account for more than 60% of whole cataloged procedure computation complexity usually, so pixel domain code conversion can significantly reduce computation complexity.The DCT domain code conversion only needs compressed bit stream is decoded to the DCT territory, directly resamples then in the DCT territory, and motion vector and macro block mode recompile that while multiplexed decoded end obtains, this method can be saved more amount of calculation when guaranteeing picture quality.
But, carrying out spatial resolution when conversion, no matter be pixel domain code conversion, or the DCT domain code conversion, all be difficult to information such as motion vector that the former compressing video frequency flow of multiplexed decoded effectively obtains and macro block mode.Because they all are multiplexing motion vector and macro block mode information when recompile again after the video flowing that decoding is obtained resamples earlier, as shown in Figure 1.This has just caused the spatial resolution of decoding end and coding side video flowing inconsistent.And for a spatial resolution transcoder, when a certain in the video was encoded, the motion vector that need use many adjacent blocks of this piece usually synthesized a new motion vector and is used for coding.But these adjacent motion vectors usually not on same direction, just make that synthetic target motion vectors is accurate inadequately, thereby cause comparing with the cascade connection type transcoder that video quality declines to a great extent.Improve the efficient of the multiplexing and Macroblock Mode Selection of motion vector although can use many improving one's methods, but video quality still can descend more than 1dB, see [Guo Hongxing, Cheng Li, Xia Xiaojian, Zhou Jingli. a motion vector reuse algorithm that is used for double-current video coding. see: the 3rd harmonious man-machine environment associating academic conference (HHME2007) collection of thesis [C], Beijing: publishing house of Tsing-Hua University, 2007:383-390].If expect the better pictures quality,, will consume very big amount of calculation like this with regard to carrying out process of refinement to obtain accurate motion vectors more to synthetic motion vector inevitably.In order to address these problems, press for and propose new video spatial resolution conversion method, to improve the video quality after spatial resolution is changed, keep relatively low computation complexity simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of video spatial resolution conversion method of assisting, when reducing amount of calculation, can also improve picture quality based on code check type transcoding.
Proposed based on the auxiliary video spatial resolution conversion method of code check type transcoding, each two field picture of compressing video frequency flow is all handled as follows:
(1) two field picture is carried out code check type transcoding:
(11) two field picture is decoded to pixel domain, obtains the video spatial resolution M * N of this two field picture, with and pixel value, motion vector and the macro-block coding pattern of each macro block of comprising.
(12) video coding that decoding obtains to step (11) under object space resolution L * K corresponding code rate is specially:
(121), utilize its corresponding motion vector to obtain the optimal reference piece of this macro block, and calculate the pixel value acquisition residual error of this macro block and its optimal reference interblock for each macro block of two field picture;
(122) the discrete cosine dct transform of respectively residual error of each macro block being A * A obtains the DCT coefficient block, and the A value is determined by the compression standard of compressing video frequency flow;
(123) calculate coefficient number X and the Y that the DCT coefficient block of each macro block should keep:
Figure BDA0000024737510000031
Figure BDA0000024737510000032
(124) X * Y coefficient value with the DCT coefficient block of each macro block remains unchanged, and all the other coefficient values are changed to 0.
(125) each macro block is handled DCT coefficient block afterwards according to step (124) and quantize, then quantized result, motion vector and macro block mode are done variable-length encoding together.
(2) coding result with step (125) sends user side to.
(3) user side is to the coding result decoding of step (125), and the size according to the user side display screen in the time of decoding resamples to the video that decoding obtains.
Described step (124) is capable with the i of each DCT coefficient block of each macro block, the coefficient value reservation of j row is constant, i=1,2, Λ, X, j=1,2, Λ, Y.
According to the zig-zag scanning sequency, it is constant to keep its preceding X * Y coefficient value to the coefficient of each DCT coefficient block of each macro block for described step (124).
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The auxiliary video spatial resolution conversion method of the code check type transcoding that the present invention proposes comprises two key technologies: the one, according to the video flowing recompile that object space resolution corresponding code rate obtains decoding, initiatively high-frequency information is put 0 simultaneously; The 2nd, when receiving terminal is decoded to decoded video streams according to target resolution resample.
Key technology one, utilized code check type transcoding technology, initiatively its high frequency coefficient is put 0 when decoded video streams is carried out recompile according to object space resolution corresponding code rate, when keeping the vision signal spatial resolution constant, implicit expression has realized the sub-sampling of frequency domain.By by this processing mode, can keep coding side consistent during with macro block mode at multiplexing motion vector, thereby guarantee motion vector and the multiplexing accuracy of macro block mode with the video spatial resolution of decoding end; Simultaneously, owing to the high frequency coefficient of initiatively being put 0 need not to calculate and encode, thereby also help reducing amount of calculation and transmission bandwidth.
Key technology two when receiving terminal is decoded compressed video, resamples it according to object space resolution.Because the resolution that resamples and the resolution of code check type transcoding frequency domain sub-sampling are complementary, thereby the aliasing effect that can effectively suppress to resample and cause, guarantee video quality.In addition, because the white module that adapts to of integrated size to its screen in present many display terminals, itself just has the function of resampling these modules, so this method is very little at the overhead that decoding end produces.
Owing to producing aliasing effect in the process that video is resampled, for the picture quality that obtains need be done anti-aliasing filter to video.Therefore in the present invention, also can think anti-aliasing filter is realized in the different stages with the video re-sampling branch, promptly earlier video be done anti-aliasing filter, thereby be that the video re-sampling of receiving terminal is got ready at coding side.
In sum, the invention provides the method that a kind of pervasive realization video flowing spatial resolution is changed, the video spatial resolution that it is not only applicable to pixel domain resamples, and is applicable to that also the video spatial resolution of compression domain resamples; Be not only applicable to 2: 1 resampling, be applicable to the resampling of other ratios yet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 describes traditional advanced row space resolution and resamples the video spatial resolution conversion method of multiplexing again motion vector and macro block mode.
Fig. 2 provides the put 0 method schematic diagram of each 8 * 8DCT piece according to the raster scan direction.
Fig. 3 provides system construction drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 provides the numbering of 8 * 8DCT coefficient block and each coefficient thereof.
Embodiment
Example one
Flow to the instantiation of spatial resolutions conversion in 2: 1 of QCIF (176 * 144) form the present invention is described further below in conjunction with CIF (352 * 288) format video of MPEG-4 compression, and each two field picture of compressing video frequency flow is all handled as follows:
(1) according to object space resolution corresponding code rate demand the video flowing of MPEG-4 compression is done code check type transcoding, make its be converted into the corresponding code check of object space resolution under the MPEG-4 compressing video frequency flow:
(11) input video of decoding one frame MPEG-4 compression flows to pixel domain, and the video spatial resolution that obtains this two field picture is 352 * 288, with and Pixel Information, motion vector and the macro-block coding pattern of each macro block of comprising; Because this two field picture size 352 * 288, thus its to comprise 22 * 18 sizes be 16 * 16 macro block.
(12) the video recompile that under the control of object space resolution 176 * 144 corresponding code rate step (11) decoding is obtained is specially:
(121) for each macro block, decoding end obtains in the direct multiplexing step (11) motion vector and macro block mode, be the optimal reference piece that 2 whole pixel motion vector become more meticulous and obtain current macro by window then, and each macro block optimal reference piece corresponding with it subtracted each other ask residual error.
(122) residual error of each macro block of step (121) calculating is done 8 * 8 discrete cosine (DCT) conversion respectively, obtain 4 DCT coefficient block.
(123) value that calculates X and Y according to (I) formula then all is 4.As shown in Figure 2, the part DCT coefficient to each 8 * 8DCT coefficient block keeps: the DCT coefficient that note is retained is C Ij, wherein i is that line number, j are columns, i=1, and 2, Λ, 4, j=1,2, Λ, 4, other coefficients are changed to 0.
(124) 8 * 8DCT piece of each macro block after step (123) processing is done quantification, and do variable-length encoding together, obtain the video flowing that MPEG-4 compresses again with motion vector, macro block mode.
(2) the video that compresses again by MPEG-4 in the step (1) by Network Transmission to user side.
(3) user side receives the video flowing of the CIF resolution of being compressed again by step (1).In the time of decoding compressed video flowing it is done resampling in 2: 1, the method for resampling here can adopt the pixel domain method also can adopt the method for compression domain.Just can on the display terminal of supporting QCIF (176 * 144) resolution, play this video flowing then.
Example two
The present invention not only can realize 2: 1 spatial resolution conversion, also can realize the conversion of arbitrary proportion video spatial resolution.Video below in conjunction with CIF (352 * 288) form that H.264 compresses flows to 320 * 240 resolution, the present invention is described further for the instantiation of the spatial resolution conversion of promptly 11: 10 (wide) and 6: 5 (height), and each two field picture of compressing video frequency flow is all handled as follows:
(1) do code check type transcoding according to the H.264 video flowing of compression of target bit rate demand handle input, make the H.264 compressing video frequency flow under its spatial resolution corresponding code rate that is converted into the receiving terminal needs:
(11) input video that H.264 compresses of decoding one frame flows to pixel domain, and obtaining video spatial resolution is 352 * 288, the Pixel Information of each macro block that it comprises and motion vector and macro block mode; Because this two field picture size is 352 * 288, so it includes 22 * 18 (size be 16 * 16) macro blocks.
(12) the video flowing recompile that under the control of object space resolution 320 * 240 corresponding code rate step (11) decoding is obtained is specially:
(121) at each macro block, decoding end obtains in the direct multiplexing step (121) motion vector and macro block mode, be the optimal reference piece that 3 whole pixel motion vectors become more meticulous and obtain current block by window then, and corresponding with it the respectively optimal reference piece of each macro block subtracted each other try to achieve residual error.
(122) residual error of each macro block that step (121) is obtained is done 4 * 4 dct transform respectively, obtains 16 4 * 4 DCT coefficient block D 00, D 01, D 02, D 03, D 10, D 11, D 12, D 13, D 20, D 21, D 22, D 23, D 30, D 31, D 32, D 33, each D wherein IjRepresent one 4 * 4 DCT coefficient block.Then according to formula (II), the DCT coefficient block D ' of synthetic 48 * 8 of 16 4 * 4 DCT coefficient block 00, D ' 01, D ' 10, D ' 11: D ' St=L 1D (s * 2) (t * 2)R 1+ L 1D (s * 2) (t * 2+1)R 2+ L 2D (s * 2+1) (t * 2)R 1+ L 2D (s * and 2+1) (t * 2+1)R 2(II)
Wherein,
Figure BDA0000024737510000062
R 1=[I 0], R 2=[0 I], I is 4 * 4 unit matrix, D ' StBe the DCT coefficient block of the target 8 * 8 of synthesizing, s ∈ [0,1], t ∈ [0,1].
(123) 8 * 8 synthetic DCT coefficient block of step (122) is done put 0 operation then.The value that calculates X and Y according to (I) formula all is 7.Preserve 7 * 7 coefficients of each 8 * 8DCT piece according to the zig-zag scanning sequency.Scanning sequency herein can be according in the concrete video stream compression standard scan mode that quantizes to adopt when DCT coefficient afterwards reorders being decided.
(124) each 8 * 8DCT coefficient block D of each macro block after step (123) processing " St, be split into 44 * 4DCT coefficient block
Figure BDA0000024737510000071
Concrete operations are as follows:
D ^ ij = L i · D st ′ ′ · R j , 0 ≤ i ≤ 1,0 ≤ j ≤ 1 - - - ( III )
L wherein 0=[I 0] and L 1=[0 I] is 4 * 8 matrix,
Figure BDA0000024737510000073
With
Figure BDA0000024737510000074
Be the matrix of 8 * 4 matrix, I is 4 * 4 unit matrix.According to corresponding quantization strategy H.264 each 4 * 4DCT coefficient block that division obtains is done quantification then, and do variable-length encoding, the video flowing that is compressed again quantizing coefficient afterwards and motion vector thereof and macro block mode.
(2) step (1) by H.264 again the compression video flowing by Network Transmission to user side.
(3) video flowing of the CIF resolution compressed again of user side receiving step (1).In the time of decoding compressed video flowing it is done the resampling of 11: 10 (wide) and 6: 5 (height), the method for resampling here can adopt the pixel domain method also can adopt the method for compression domain.Just can on the display terminal of supporting 320 * 240 resolution, play this video flowing then.

Claims (3)

1. based on the auxiliary video spatial resolution conversion method of code check type transcoding, each two field picture of compressing video frequency flow is all handled as follows:
(1) two field picture is carried out code check type transcoding:
(11) two field picture is decoded to pixel domain, obtains the video spatial resolution M * N of this two field picture, with and pixel value, motion vector and the macro-block coding pattern of each macro block of comprising;
(12) video coding that decoding obtains to step (11) under object space resolution L * K corresponding code rate is specially:
(121), utilize its corresponding motion vector to obtain the optimal reference piece of this macro block, and calculate the pixel value acquisition residual error of this macro block and its optimal reference interblock for each macro block of two field picture;
(122) the discrete cosine dct transform of respectively residual error of each macro block being A * A obtains the DCT coefficient block, and the A value is determined by the compression standard of compressing video frequency flow;
(123) calculate coefficient number X and the Y that the DCT coefficient block of each macro block should keep:
Figure FDA0000024737500000011
Figure FDA0000024737500000012
(124) X * Y DCT coefficient value with the DCT coefficient block of each macro block is constant, and all the other coefficient values are changed to 0;
(125) each macro block is handled DCT coefficient block afterwards according to step (124) and quantize, then quantized result, motion vector and macro block mode are done variable-length encoding together;
(2) coding result with step (125) sends user side to;
(3) user side is decoded to coding result, and according to the size of user side display screen the video that decoding obtains is resampled.
2. video spatial resolution conversion method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (124) is with the coefficient value C of each DCT coefficient block of each macro block IjKeep line number i=1,2, L, X, columns j=1,2, L, Y.
3. video spatial resolution conversion method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, according to zigzag zig-zag scanning sequency, it is constant to keep its preceding X * Y DCT coefficient value to the coefficient of each DCT coefficient block of each macro block for described step (124).
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Cited By (10)

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CN103168468A (en) * 2010-09-30 2013-06-19 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 Method and apparatus for arbitrary resolution video coding using compressive sampling measurements
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CN108337530A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-07-27 上海麦界信息技术有限公司 It is a kind of to realize interactive method and apparatus on traditional big screen display device
CN111083535A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-28 天翼物联科技有限公司 Video data transmission code rate self-adaption method, system, device and storage medium
CN117939163A (en) * 2024-03-22 2024-04-26 广东工业大学 Compressed sensing video reconstruction method and system based on double-flow feature extraction

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