Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on the discovery of inventor to the following fact: the inventor is surprised to find that the breakdown point of most of heat exchanger all is on outermost first heat exchanger tube when the heat exchanging device carries out the pressure explosion bulge test, and the breakdown pressure of heat exchanger is well below the breakdown pressure of single heat exchange tube.The inventor learns when single heat exchange tube is done the breakdown pressure test through research and analysis; The suffered power of heat exchanger tube only is the pressure in the heat exchange pore; And in heat exchanger; Because the end cap of heat exchanger also receives the internal pressure effect, the pressure effect that makes heat exchanger tube in receiving the heat exchange pore, also receive the tension of that part of header that contacts with heat exchanger tube simultaneously.Near more from end cap, tension is strong more, and therefore first heat exchanger tube is easy to generate destruction most, so there is influence in the burst strength of end cap heat exchanging device.
Thereby one object of the present invention is to propose the end cap of header that is used to seal heat exchanger that a kind of burst strength that can improve heat exchanger improves the heat exchanger life-span.
Another object of the present invention is to propose to have the heat exchanger of above-mentioned end cap.
End cap according to the embodiment of one aspect of the invention; Be used to seal the header of heat exchanger; Said end cap is limited with first end and second end on its length direction; It is to have the step-like of at least two length on the length direction of said header that said end cap stretches into the inner part of said header; Said end cap stretches into the following rank portion that the inner part of said header comprises the last rank portion with minimum length and has maximum length; First end face of said down rank portion constitutes first end face of said end cap, and said first end face of going up rank portion and following rank portion is towards the inside of said header, and said second end face of going up rank portion and following rank portion deviates from the inside of said header.
According to the end cap of the embodiment of the invention, can reduce outermost heat exchanger tube stressed of heat exchanger, improve the burst strength of outermost heat exchanger tube, thereby improved the burst strength of whole heat exchanger.
In addition, according to the following additional technical characterictic of can also having of the end cap of the embodiment of the invention:
Alternatively, said end cap is by the truncated cone body or have rectangle or the column of square cross section is processed.
Preferably, said end cap is processed by cylinder.
The said end cap single-stage that goes up rank portion and following rank portion formation of serving as reasons is step-like.
The said rank portion of going up is concordant with second end face of said rank portion down and constitute second end face of said end cap, and said end cap is formed with the cavity that opens wide at its second end.
Said first end wall of rank portion down is provided with through hole.
In said cavity, on first end wall of following rank portion, be formed with boss, and said through hole connects boss.
The periphery edge of second end of said end cap is formed with the flange that extends radially outward, and the periphery of said flange is along the flange that is provided with integratedly towards first end extension of said end cap.
The heat exchanger of embodiment according to a further aspect of the invention comprises: first header; Second header; Heat exchanger tube, the two ends of said heat exchanger tube insert respectively in first and second headers to connect first and second headers; Fin, said fin are separately positioned between the adjacent heat exchanger tube; And end cap; Said end cap is according to the described end cap of first aspect present invention; Wherein said end cap is arranged in the end of at least one header and is used to seal a said end, and the contiguous heat exchanger tube of last rank portion of said end cap and the junction of said at least one header and said time rank portion are away from said junction.
Preferably, following rank portion the extending axially of said end cap along said at least one header above the outermost heat exchanger tube adjacent or concordant with this outermost heat exchanger tube with a said end.
According to the heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention, burst strength improves, and has improved the life-span.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize through practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage obviously with are easily understood becoming the description of embodiment from combining figs, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view according to the end cap of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the axial cutaway view of end cap shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the right view of end cap shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view according to the end cap of fifth embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the axial cutaway view of end cap shown in Figure 7;
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view according to the end cap of sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the axial cutaway view of end cap shown in Figure 9;
Figure 11 is the sketch map according to the end cap with rectangular cross section of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is the axial cutaway view of end cap shown in Figure 11;
Figure 13 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap of seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 14 is the right view of end cap shown in Figure 13;
Figure 15 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap of eighth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 16 is the right view of end cap shown in Figure 15;
Figure 17 is the sketch map according to the heat exchanger of first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 18 is the sketch map according to the heat exchanger of second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 19 is the sketch map according to the heat exchanger of third embodiment of the invention;
Figure 20 is the stressed sketch map according to the header of the heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 21 is the stressed sketch map according to the end cap of the heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 22 is the sketch map with heat exchanger of traditional end cap;
Figure 23 is the cutaway view of traditional end cap;
Figure 24 is the stressed sketch map of header with heat exchanger of traditional end cap; With
Figure 25 is the stressed sketch map of traditional end cap.
The specific embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, only be used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention; Term " vertically ", " laterally ", " on ", the orientation of indications such as D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward " or position relation be for based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation; Only be for the ease of describing the present invention rather than requiring the present invention therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention with specific azimuth configuration and operation.
The present invention is based on inventor's following discovery: the breakdown point of when the heat exchanging device carries out the pressure explosion bulge test, finding most of heat exchanger all is on outermost first heat exchanger tube, and the breakdown pressure of heat exchanger is well below the breakdown pressure of single heat exchange tube.
The inventor learns when single heat exchange tube is done the breakdown pressure test through research and analysis; The suffered power of heat exchanger tube only is the pressure in the heat exchange pore; And in heat exchanger; Because the end cap of heat exchanger also receives the internal pressure effect, thereby the pressure effect that makes heat exchanger tube in receiving the heat exchange pore, also receive the tension of that part of header that contacts with heat exchanger tube simultaneously.Near more from end cap, tension is strong more, and therefore first heat exchanger tube is easy to generate destruction most.
Figure 22 shows the sketch map of the traditional heat exchangers 100 ' with traditional end cap 5 ', and Figure 23 shows traditional end cap 5 ', and it is the stressed sketch map of header 3 ' with heat exchanger 100 ' of end cap 5 ' that Figure 24 shows; Show the stressed sketch map of end cap 5 ' with Figure 25.
Shown in Figure 22-25, traditional heat exchangers 100 ' comprises first header 1 ', the second header 2 ', heat exchanger tube 3 ', fin 4 ' and the end cap 5 '.The two ends of heat exchanger tube 3 ' are communicated with first header 1 ' and second header 2 ' respectively, and fin 4 ' is separately positioned between the adjacent heat exchange tubes 3 ', and end cap 5 ' is used to seal the end of first header 1 ' and second header 2 '.An end cap 5 ' of sealing first header 1 ' right-hand member has been shown in Figure 22.Shown in figure 23, end cap 5 ' is provided with the convex edge for the outer peripheral edges of circular slab and right flank, and the diameter of end cap 5 ' is D ', and length is L '.Shown in figure 22; In the time of in end cap 5 ' is installed to first header 1 '; End cap 5 ' is positioned at the outside of the outermost heat exchanger tube 3 ' on the right; When for example the right side of end cap 5 ' is concordant with the right side of first header 1 ', L ' less than the right side of outermost heat exchanger tube 3 ' distance first header 1 ' apart from M '.
Below with reference to the header (is example with first header 1 ') of Figure 24 and 25 analysis conventional heat exchangers 100 ' with end cap 5 ' is stressed.
Intercepting first header 1 ' is analyzed to this section header and the end cap 5 ' of the right part of first header 1 ' with the contact-making surface (cross section) of the outermost heat exchanger tube 3 ' in the right.
Shown in Figure 24 and 25, σ 1 ' header 1 ' is in the suffered tension of section; S1 ' is in the contact area of section header 1 ' with heat exchanger tube 3 '; S2 ' deducts the area of S1 ' for above-mentioned area of section; τ 1 ' is the shear stress of end cap 5 ' to header 1 '; S3 ' is the contact area (equal the excircle area of end cap 5 ') of end cap 5 ' with header 1 '; S4 ' is the lifting surface area of end cap 5 bottoms; P ' is the internal pressure of header 5;
Thus, heat exchanger tube 3 ' is σ 1 ' * S1 ' at the suffered pulling force of section;
σ 1 ' * S1 '+σ 1 ' * S2 '=τ 1 * S3 '=P ' * S4 ' wherein
Therefore, it is big to be assembled into the suffered pulling force of outermost heat exchanger tube 3 ' on the heat exchanger 100 ', and the burst strength of outermost heat exchanger tube 3 ' reduces, and has reduced the burst strength of whole heat exchanger 100 ' thus.
The end cap of header that is used to seal heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the drawings below.
For the ease of describing, at first has heat exchanger 100 according to the end cap of the embodiment of the invention with reference to simple description of Figure 17.Of Figure 17, heat exchanger 100 comprises first header, 1, the second header 2, and heat exchanger tube 3, heat exchanger tube 3 for example are flat tube, fin 4 and end cap 5.
It is interior to be connected first header 1 and second header 2 with second header 2 that first header 1 is inserted at the two ends of heat exchanger tube 3 respectively.4 fins are separately positioned between the adjacent heat exchanger tube 3.End cap 5 is arranged in the end of at least one header and is used to seal a said end.In example shown in Figure 17, only show an end cap 5 of second end (right-hand member among Figure 17) of sealing first header 1.In the following description, be that example is described also with the end cap 5 of the right-hand member that seals first header 1.
Shown in Fig. 1-3; The end cap 5 of header that is used for sealing heat exchanger 100 according to the embodiment of the invention is limited with first end (left end among Fig. 2) and second end (right-hand member among Fig. 2) on its length direction (left and right directions of Fig. 2); End cap 5 is step-like, thereby end cap 5 has at least two length and comprises last rank portion 51 with minimum length and the following rank portion 52 with maximum length.
In first embodiment shown in Fig. 1-3; End cap 5 is processed by cylinder and is had a single step; Cylinder has diameter D, and said single step is made up of last rank portion 51 and following rank portion 52, wherein goes up rank portion 51 and has first length L 1; Following rank portion 52 has second length L 2, and the length L 2 of following rank portion 52 can be thought the length of end cap 5.Last rank portion 51 has first end face 511, and following rank portion 52 has first end face 521 and upper surface 522, and second end face of wherein going up rank portion 51 and following rank portion 52 is second end face 53 of end cap 5 just.
It will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to this, for example end cap 5 can be made up of the column with rectangle or square cross section, and can have a plurality of steps, to adapt to the header with rectangle or square cross section, shown in Figure 11 and 12.In addition, end cap 5 also can have the truncated cone, for example the truncated cone body; Be convenient to thus need to prove, when end cap is the truncated cone in the header that end cap 5 is installed to heat exchanger; The bottom of end cap 5 and the gap between the header can be filled with scolder in when welding, that is to say, the end cap of truncated cone form 5 constitutes column with scolder; For example, when end cap 5 was the truncated cone body, end cap 5 constituted cylinder with scolder.
Analyze the stressing conditions of end caps 5 below with reference to Figure 17 and Figure 20 and 21.Stressed similar with analysis conventional heat exchanger 100 ' and end cap 5 ', the contact-making surface (cross section) of intercepting the right outermost heat exchanger tube 3 and first header 1 carries out force analysis to this section first header 1 and the end cap 5 of the right-hand member of first header 1.
Shown in Figure 20 and 21; σ 2 is that first header 1 is in the suffered tension of section; S1 is the contact area of first header 1 at section and heat exchanger tube 3; S2 is the area that area of section deducts S1; τ 2 is the shear stress of 5 pairs first headers 1 of end cap, and S5 is the corresponding part of contact area and following rank portion 52 and the last rank portion 51 of last rank portion 51 and first header 1 of end cap 5 and the contact area sum of first header 1 (in other words, S5 is that the contact area of the end cap 5 and first header 1 deducts down part (L2-L1) that rank portion 52 goes out than last rank minister and the contact area of first header 1); S4 is that the bottom lifting surface area vertically of end cap 5 (is first face area of end cap 5; The left side area of left side area that comprises rank portion 51 and following rank portion 52); S6 is that the contact area of the end cap 5 and first header 1 (is the excircle area of end cap 5; The excircle area sum of the excircle area that equals rank portion 51 and following rank portion 52), P is the interior internal pressure of first header 1, wherein:
Heat exchanger tube 3 suffered pulling force are σ 2 * S1;
Wherein, σ 2 * S1+ σ 2 * S2=τ 2 * S5
P×S4=τ2×S6
Since the length L 2 of the following rank portion 52 of end cap 5 more than or equal to the center of the right outermost heat exchanger tube 3 to the right side of first header 1 apart from M; So S5<S6; (σ 2 * S1+ σ 2 * S2)<P * S4 can get thus: (σ 2 * S1+ σ 2 * S2)<(σ 1 * S1+ σ 1 * S2)
Therefore, heat exchanger tube 3 is at the suffered pulling force of section: σ 2 * S1<σ 1 * S1.Compare with heat exchanger with traditional end cap; Have the heat exchanger 100 according to the end cap 5 of the embodiment of the invention, heat exchanger tube 3 suffered pulling force reduce, and therefore the burst strength of outermost heat exchanger tube 3 effectively improves; Improve the burst strength of whole heat exchanger 100, prolonged the life-span.
As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments of the invention, angle >=90 between the upper surface 522 of first end face 511 (left side) of last rank portion 51 and following rank portion 52 °, thus be convenient to processing.
Fig. 4 shows the axial cutaway view according to the end cap 5 of second embodiment of the invention; As shown in Figure 4, end cap 5 is a hollow, promptly is formed with cavity 54 in the end cap 5; Cavity 54 opens wide at second end face 53 (right side among Fig. 4) of end cap 5; Thereby the weight of end cap 5 reduces, and materials used reduces, and has practiced thrift cost.
Fig. 5 shows the axial cutaway view according to the end cap 5 of third embodiment of the invention; Embodiment shown in Figure 6 is to further improvement embodiment illustrated in fig. 5; Wherein first end wall (left end wall) of the following rank portion 52 of end cap 5 is provided with through hole 523; When being installed in the header of heat exchanger 100 with convenient end cap 5, the cold-producing medium distributing pipe 6 in the header can pass end cap 5 (with reference to Figure 18).
Fig. 6 shows the axial cutaway view according to the end cap 5 of fourth embodiment of the invention; Embodiment shown in Figure 6 is to further improvement embodiment illustrated in fig. 5; Wherein in cavity 54, on the left end wall of following rank portion 52, be formed with boss 524, and through hole 523 connects boss 524.Thus, can increase the intensity that end cap 5 supports the part of cold-producing medium distributing pipe 6.
Fig. 7-8 shows the end cap 5 according to fifth embodiment of the invention, and wherein Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view according to the end cap 5 of fifth embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 8 is the axial cutaway view of end cap 5 shown in Figure 7.Shown in Fig. 7-8, be formed with cavity 54 in the end cap 5, the upper surface that wherein descends rank portion 52 is recessed arcwall face.
Fig. 9-10 shows the end cap 5 according to sixth embodiment of the invention, and wherein Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view according to the end cap 5 of sixth embodiment of the invention.Shown in Fig. 9-10, be formed with cavity 54 in the end cap 5, the upper surface that wherein descends rank portion 52 is the arcwall face of epirelief.
Figure 13 and 14 shows the end cap 5 according to seventh embodiment of the invention, and wherein Figure 13 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap 5 of seventh embodiment of the invention, and Figure 14 is the right view of end cap 5 shown in Figure 13.Shown in Figure 13 and 14, second end (right-hand member) of end cap 5 week is along being formed with the flange 55 that extends radially outward.
Figure 15 and 16 shows the end cap 5 according to eighth embodiment of the invention; Wherein Figure 15 is the axial cutaway view according to the end cap 5 of eighth embodiment of the invention; Figure 16 is the right view of end cap 5 shown in Figure 15; End cap 5 according to eighth embodiment of the invention is the further improvement to the 7th embodiment, wherein in the periphery of the flange 55 of end cap 5 along being provided with the flange 56 that extends towards first end (left end) integratedly.According to the end cap 5 of eighth embodiment of the invention, owing to be provided with flange 55 and flange 56, so end cap 5 has elasticity diametrically, thereby is convenient to install.
Following with reference to the heat exchanger 100 of figure 17-19 description according to the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 17 illustrates the heat exchanger 100 according to first embodiment of the invention.As stated, comprise first header, 1, the second header 2 according to the heat exchanger 100 of the embodiment of the invention, heat exchanger tube 3, heat exchanger tube 3 for example are flat tube, fin 4 and end cap 5.
It is interior to be connected first header 1 and second header 2 with second header 2 that first header 1 is inserted at the two ends of heat exchanger tube 3 respectively.4 fins are separately positioned between the adjacent heat exchanger tube 3.End cap 5 can be any end cap recited above; End cap 5 is arranged in the end of at least one header and is used to seal a said end, and the last rank portion 51 contiguous heat exchanger tubes 3 of end cap 5 and the junction of at least one header and down rank portion 52 away from said junction.
Figure 17 only shows an end cap 5 of second end (right-hand member among Figure 17) of sealing first header 1.Shown in figure 17, when end cap 5 was installed in the right-hand member of first header 1, the following rank portion 52 of end cap 5 extended beyond the outermost heat exchanger tube 3 adjacent with the right-hand member of first header 1 or concordant with outermost heat exchanger tube 3 left.Second end (right-hand member) of end cap 5 is concordant with the right-hand member of first header 1, in other words, the right-hand member of length L 2 >=outermost heat exchanger tube 3 distances first header 1 of following rank portion 52 apart from M.Certainly, for end cap 5 is installed, the height H of the following rank portion 52 of end cap 5 should less than heat exchanger tube 3 be inserted between the inwall of end and first header 1 relative in first header 1 with this end apart from B.
As stated, according to the heat exchanger 100 of the embodiment of the invention, owing to have step-like end cap 5; Can reduce the stressed of outermost heat exchanger tube; Improve the burst strength of outermost heat exchanger tube, improve the burst strength of whole heat exchanger thus, improved service life; Carried out labor above, no longer be repeated in this description here.
Figure 18 shows the heat exchanger 100 according to second embodiment of the invention; Wherein end cap 5 is provided with through hole 523 for first end wall of rank portion 52 hollow and following; Therefore can be inserted with cold-producing medium distributing pipe 6 in first header 1, and end cap 5 can also play support and fixation to cold-producing medium distributing pipe 6.
Figure 19 shows the heat exchanger 100 according to third embodiment of the invention, compares with second embodiment shown in Figure 180, in cavity 54, around through hole 523, is provided with boss 524, thereby can improve the intensity that end cap 5 supports the part of coolant conduits 6.
Therefore, according to embodiment of the invention end cap, can improve heat exchanger burst strength, thereby improve service life with it.
In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention; Those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited claim and equivalent thereof.