CN1019603B - Fluid flow volumetric determination apparatus and method - Google Patents
Fluid flow volumetric determination apparatus and methodInfo
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- CN1019603B CN1019603B CN 90100711 CN90100711A CN1019603B CN 1019603 B CN1019603 B CN 1019603B CN 90100711 CN90100711 CN 90100711 CN 90100711 A CN90100711 A CN 90100711A CN 1019603 B CN1019603 B CN 1019603B
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- liquid
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Abstract
A system and method for obtaining a rapid determination of the volumetric flow rate of a multi-phase fluid stream comprised of crude oil, water and gas. The gaseous component of the stream is first segregated to allow a measurement of the volumetric relationship between the respective liquid phases. Thereafter, the density of the remaining liquids is made. Translation of the values obtained by such measurements permits the system to function at a remote source of the multi-phase fluid.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of operation of measuring for the volumetric flow rate of the hydrocarbon fluid that produces by certain provenance, particularly, relate to a kind of offshore operation of producing multiple hydrocarbon fluid phase in one or the many mouthfuls of wells in seabed.Usually, the effluent of this operation or product are a kind of polyphasic flow, include the liquid hydrocarbon of gas, water and crude oil and so on.
After the fluid of discharging produces in the well, through header or gather a storage facilities or and be used for directly being sent on the bank pipeline.In a kind of situation in back, this fluid of producing is directed to an equipment, and liquid is separated with gas composition.These two kinds of fluids separating are done to handle independently or carry then as required.
In any case, an element of this kind operation is that requirement can go to measure the volumetric flow rate of above-mentioned different fluid phase with quite accurate degree.Or rather, be the volumetric flow rate of measuring the liquid that is produced, it generally comprises the useless water of certain quantity, and this water then is to produce simultaneously with useful crude oil.
For used underwater kit, a remarkable shortcoming that is run into is, the liquid of producing before can measuring to determine its volume flow rate, often need from corresponding source or well through pipeline transportation one big segment distance.
In order to overcome this class shortcoming relevant, the present invention proposes a kind of system that is used for measuring the volume flow rate of mixed phase hydrocarbon series products stream with above-mentioned operation.This is directly to flow in the header that is collected in already wherein at well head or an entire product to finish.This system can provide a kind of accurate device measurement to comprise the volumetric flow rate of the liquid of water and oil.This system is the gas composition separated of energy measurement also.
The source of measured liquid, as noted, can be from a bite well, also can be from a collection of well, the product stream that they converge is drawn towards or transports to a common meeting point through pipeline.A kind of situation in back, as indicated, can comprise a bottom current pipe, for example a kind ofly can form the template structure of a collection of well by it, relevant offshore wellhead can closely be located.
The draw-off of well or product stream, no matter the source that it originates from how, will comprise one or more hydrocarbon liquids, and gas and water natural or that inject.The latter will exist with the ratio that does not wait.Depend primarily on the feature of the underground storage hydrocarbon layer that it picks up from.
In order to set forth the present invention's (but being not to force a kind of restriction without basis), will regard the draw-off of this well or product stream from single a bite offshore well as.The composition of the heterogeneous product of this kind stream will comprise in one or more hydrocarbon liquids of crude oil and so on and this flow of liquid entrained from the water in the storage hydrocarbon layer.
In order to reach desired precision.Preferably directly measure the product stream of this combination at well head, or as far as possible near the well head place, rather than be engaged in this kind measurement in the place of this mouthful of long distance well.In order to ensure the measurement of this kind liquid and the precision of reading, just all gas composition overwhelming majority should be separated from this liquid phase from the beginning and be measured independently.This combination liquid will not have this moment basically, though may not be not have the sort of gas composition fully, thereby can not have influence on the cubing of carrying out subsequently.So-called " not having basically " is meant, in the closed system of a kind of product liquid volume of going to measure, even if after separating step, will contain the gas composition up to 15～20%.
This gasless basically flow of liquid is equipped with the conduit of water proof watch-dog to guide by one.At this moment, the mathematical relation between water and oil content is then determined according to this flow of liquid.Then this mix flow is caused an inlet that remains on the constraint meter under this liquid head, so that measure the pressure reduction when collecting reducing by this constraint.At this moment, again that this is heterogeneous flow of liquid causes the device of measuring its density.
Alternatively say, a kind of runner equipment of continuous fluid promptly is provided, comprising the device that this fluid stream is divided into liquid phase and vapour phase is arranged.The liquid here passes through then:
A) in this flow of liquid, measure volume relation between water and hydrocarbon liquids, and the device of the signal of this relation of a reflection is provided;
B) at this combination liquid, measure the device of its pressure reduction when flowing through an orifice, and the device that reflects this pressure reduction by a signal that can send;
C) receive the density measuring equipment that this makes up liquid and supplies with the signal of this fluid density of indication.
To indicate the signal of each related data to cause a formula that is used for measuring required volume flow rate then.
So one of the object of the invention is that corresponding device thereof and method are provided, directly measure a kind of flow rate of liquid product flow, the water that this kind flow of liquid comprises at least a hydrocarbon liquids and has the gas in the storage hydrocarbon layer of some at well head.
Fig. 1 has schematically shown the equipment of the native system of having pointed out fluid stream runner.
Fig. 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along 2-2 line intercepting among Fig. 1.
Referring to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 shows monitoring and the measuring system of understanding heterogeneous fluid stream of the present invention, and it is attached to one has within the missile silo 10 of well head 11.The latter is supported on ocean surface or the sea 12 by one a section conduit or a curbing 13 usually.This conduit is embedded into into the fully long distance of next section of basic unit, links up with underground storage hydrocarbon layer 14.
Proceed from the reality, well 10 forms by a upright position in storage hydrocarbon layer 14 usually.Latter's best incorporated has enough gaseous tensions, so that from storage hydrocarbon layer 14, produce liquid hydrocarbon naturally, the composition and the other factors that depend on above-mentioned bottom, fluid stream of producing at well head 11 places or draw-off will be made up of at least a hydrocarbon liquids, one or more gas and water generally as previously mentioned.
If the gas volume that is produced from commercial with consider economically even as big as for collecting purpose, just stored, if but this limited amount, then by purge process or similarly method of disposal handled.In any case, the flow of liquid of this combination is all through a conduit 16 and from well head 11.Should know that this flow of liquid is to be the choke control that a kind of well-head valve or suitable being used for control the fluid stream of artesian well 10.
When the liquid/gas product of this combination when conduit 16 flows into separation vessels 18, this first kind of conduit 19 flows down this product effectively and draws, to promote a kind of progressive gravity separation of this multi-phase ingredients.Gas composition will rise from the fluid flowing then, and enter in second conduit 21 by transmission channel 22 and 23.From then on this preliminary detachment process removes in the liquid part usually basically, though be not to remove all gas fully.
In order to determine the relative scale of oil to water in this gasless basically liquid, gasless basically liquid is carried out continuous monitoring to this, this proportionate relationship between whereby can these two kinds of liquid of chronometry.Known in this technology have multiple such method and apparatus, and they can provide in this fluid stream effect relationship that has between the hydrocarbon liquids and water with the precision that does not wait.Under a kind of working method wherein, be that a kind of water proof watch-dog 24 is provided with a subsidiary conduit 26 with matching, the latter is loaded with a sample flow of this combination liquid.
Water proof watch-dog 24 discloses and has proposed protection of the patent right in people such as the Helms United States Patent (USP) 4499418 on February 12nd, 1985.Disclose a kind of microwave emitter in this patent, it can emission indicate the moisture in this potpourri by the microwave energy of water/flow of oil stream therefrom by this polyphasic flow the time.
This microwave emitter comes down to one and is positioned near the above-mentioned carrier fluid conduit, combines with it but at its outside transmitting and receiving device.The microwave energy that is sent passes through wall portion and this heterogeneous flow of liquid of conduit 26 effectively, and the difference that produces has just constituted the basis of the signal that is taken place.
First kind of conduit 19 of separation vessel is preferably by having a down dip or the setting of oblique position, so that make this gasless basically flow of liquid can flow to the inlet 31 of a constraint meter 32 along a downtake.This constraint meter is at this moment just with fluid accumulation side at its upstream, and under the falling continuously of liquid, work, this drop then is that the formed back-pressure of pressure loss because of constraint meter and the pipeline that matches with it causes, and this constraint meter and the pipeline that cooperates with it then are liquid to be guided to gas and liquid reconfigures place (47).
Referring to Fig. 2, in constraint meter 32, liquid enters on first or the upstream chamber 33 of a major diameter (d1), and preferably with 10000 or bigger Reynolds number flow.Chamber 33 comprises that a contraction outlet 34(diameter that is limited by annular shoulder 36 is d2).This annular shoulder is preferably perpendicular with the longitudinal axis through the liquid flowing channel of constraint meter 32.Then this liquid stream will with the speed that strengthened by one subtract through outlet 34 enter discharge tube 38.
Pressure reduction by annular shoulder 36 formed fluid streams is shown in the differential pressure flowmeter 39.The latter is connected to one and interlinks with chamber 33, apart from downstream datum line D one segment distance (h
1) an arm 41 places.42 of second arms are less with a diameter, and being in and shrinking outlet 34(diameter is d2) the downstream and the conduit of locating apart from datum line D one segment distance (h2) 38 communicate.
In a word, in order by annular shoulder 36 time, to realize desirable pressure dependence, these two pressure tapping holes 41 and 42 respectively with the common reference line distance of separation h in shoulder 36 downstreams
1With h
2The aforementioned constraint meter also includes the device that takes place or set up the signal of an indication institute measuring pressure difference.
After flow of liquid flows out from constraint meter 32, cause the inlet of a densitometer 43, measure the density of this combination flow of liquid thus through conduit 35.This density of liquid is converted into the signal that can be sent out.
As shown in Figure 1, this closed system is to be used for the product stream that an environments such as subsea is directly monitored well head 11 places.This system can be combined to a suitable support 46 easily or similarly on the device, the latter can assemble various valves, measurement instrument or signal conduction device.
Can normally work in order to ensure it, support 46 can be fixed on the sea, or permanently, perhaps makes it to unload and is used for the device in another place with a kind of.
It is also understood that, owing to can not enter disclosed this undersea system,, information and date is sent to the water surface that can be used to them so be provided with the form of device with the signal that various instrument was taken place.Therefore, although do not show brightly in detail, be what can cooperate with the wiring of necessity and relevant transmission equipment for water proof watch-dog 24, constraint meter 32 and the various instrument of densitometer 43 and so on.Device for signalling that these are necessary or cable preferably are stated from the conduit that rigid walls portion is arranged of conduit 28 and so on, and they hang down from water stop 24, in a collection of lead is housed.Conduit 29 is sagging from constraint meter 32 similarly, and conduit 49 then hangs from above down from densitometer 43.
More than each conduit 28,29 and 49 be formed in a terminal 51 place's intersection.Here provided necessary electrical connector, made all signals be sent to the water surface by Jing Yi Armor dress cable 52 thus.Terminal 51 includes the suitable instrument and the computing machine that can utilize desired signal.
According to these meter readings that obtains in during this heterogeneous fluid flow monitoring, the signal that takes place can be reached with the sea is computing machine or other recorder device in base.In actual measurement, the method for most convenient is to be laid on the well head 11 contiguous seas of locating 12 aforementioned wiring or its below, to guarantee the safety that connects up.
Come again referring to Fig. 2, wherein be provided with device and be used for measuring required volume flow rate Q, thereby also measured the mass flowrate of the fluid stream of being produced.Below formula during from signal data that each measurement point obtained, can provide desirable high precision in conjunction with native system with respect to the volumetric flow rate of this fluid.
In the formula:
The flow rate of Q=fluid stream,
Cf=is the fixed coefficient of test factually,
d
1=big contraction mouth diameter
d
2=little contraction mouth diameter
Acceleration (the 32.2ft/sec that g=causes because of gravity
2)
The reading of △ Pm=differential pressure flowmeter
ρ=density of liquid in flowing
The density of ρ m=fluid in pressure gauge sensor branch 2
(h
1-h
2Vertical range in the)=constraint meter between the static pressure mouth of major diameter and minor diameter.
Heterogeneous flow of liquid causes and carries the meet hold gas conduit 47 mutually from densitometer 43 through conduit 44.Like this, relevant liquid phase just reconfigures mutually with gas, and borrows conduit 48 to cause a terminal or destination through pipeline 49.
Should be understood that, be to make all improvement and change to it under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention and scope, but just in the appended claim book pointed ability this qualification is exerted an influence.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of being used for located at the well (11) of a production wellhead (13) that communicates with underground storage hydrocarbon layer (14), the system that the volume flow rate of one heterogeneous product stream is measured, this storage hydrocarbon layer contains a kind of hydrocarbon liquids, water and a kind of gas composition at least, and this system that has defined a fluid runner then comprises:
A kind of fluid separation apparatus (18), it communicates with above-mentioned well head (11), and artesian well (13) is admitted a kind of polycomponent product stream that comprises the combination of above-mentioned at least a hydrocarbon liquids, water and a kind of gas composition;
Vapour phase tripping device (19), it is located at and is convenient to receive isolated gas composition from the polycomponent product stream of aforementioned combination in aforesaid fluid separation device (18);
Supervising device (14), it matches with the downstream end of tripping device (18), can monitor the product stream of essentially no this combination of gas composition effectively, is used to provide first kind of signal simultaneously to indicate the volume relationship between hydrocarbon liquids and moisture in this product stream;
Constraint counter device (32), it communicates with tripping device, have a contraction section (38), the device of the pressure differential when being used for measuring this gasless basically combination flow of liquid and flowing through this contraction section (38) is arranged simultaneously, be used to provide the device of the secondary signal of this pressure differential of indication in addition;
Densitometer device (43), it passes to the above-mentioned basically gasless combination flow of liquid of acceptance from the latter mutually with constraint counter device (32), can be used to provide the third signal of stating the density of fluid stream on flowing through therebetween.
2, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, it includes above-mentioned tripping device is led to, with the pipe guide (44) in the downstream of aforementioned densitometer device (43), use from the gas composition of aforementioned vapour phase tripping device and remove the polycomponent product stream of said combination of reforming.
3, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, the liquid separating appts of wherein addressing (18) comprising:
With first kind of isolation catheter (19) that aforementioned well head (11) leads to, this first kind of isolation catheter (19) that is used as the vapour phase separation then comprises again:
Second kind of pipe guide (21), it is positioned on aforementioned first kind of isolation catheter (19) certain altitude;
The transmission channel device (22) that fluid is risen, it makes second kind of pipe guide (21) communication therewith of relevant first kind of isolation catheter (19), will flow isolated gas composition from this combination product and be incorporated into second pipe guide (21).
4, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, first kind of isolation catheter (19) of wherein addressing comprises a slender rectangular tube with the obliquity installing, be used for receiving many composite fluids streams of combinations thereof in its higher-end, simultaneously a kind of fluid conductance of no gas composition is guided to said first conduit (19) than low side.
5, a kind of system as claimed in claim 3, the device of wherein addressing (22) that fluid is risen comprises several fluid rising parts (22,23), they longitudinally separate with said first kind of isolation catheter (19), and each such fluid rising part all leads to this second pipe guide.
6, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, the contraction section of wherein said constraint counter device (32) comprises that then one therebetween defines the orifice of a contraction-like runner.
7, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, the contraction section of wherein said constraint counter device (32) comprises a therebetween orifice that precipitous arris is arranged.
8, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, it includes a support (46), is used for supporting the fluid flowing path of determining the various devices in (12) top on the sea.
9, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1.The supervising device of wherein addressing (24) comprises a water proof watch-dog.
10, a kind of system as claimed in claim 1, this system includes end device (51), aforesaid supervising device (24) comprise one therewith the first signal transmission wire pipe (28), the aforesaid constraint counter device (32) that lead to of end device (51) comprise the secondary signal transfer wire pipe (29) that leads to of end device (51) therewith, aforesaid densitometer device (43) then comprises the 3rd signal transmission wire pipe (49) that is communicated with of end device (51) therewith.
11, a kind of being used for measured the method for its volumetric flow rate to a kind of pressurization draw-off that missile silo flowed out that makes up flow of liquid that comprises hydrocarbon liquids, water and gas group branch of producing, and the method comprises following each step:
A continuous fluid flowing path equipment is provided, is equiped with device above successively, be used for
(a) form a kind of gasless basically flow of liquid;
(b) relation between its each liquid of mensuration in this flow of liquid;
(c) when this kind makes up flow of liquid through an orifice, its formed pressure differential is measured, and
(d) measure this combination density of liquid;
Described gas composition is made up liquid flow therewith to form a kind of gasless basically flow of liquid;
In this gasless flow of liquid, measure wherein hydrocarbon and the volume relationship between the water;
Measure the pressure differential that is presented in the orifice discharge timing of flowing through of this gasless flow of liquid, and measure the density of the flow of liquid of this no gas; And the volumetric flow rate of measuring described discharge logistics according to following relationship:
In the formula:
The flow rate of Q=fluid stream, Cf=is the fixed coefficient of test factually
d
1=big contraction mouth diameter, d
2=little contraction mouth diameter
Acceleration (the 32.2ft/sec that g=causes because of gravity
2)
The reading of Pm=differential pressure flowmeter
ρ=density of liquid in flowing
The density of ρ m=fluid in pressure gauge sensor branch 2
h
1-h
2Vertical range in the=constraint meter between the static pressure mouth of major diameter and minor diameter.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US31097289A | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | |
| US310972 | 1989-02-14 | ||
| US478,892 | 1990-02-12 | ||
| US07/478,892 US5083034A (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1990-02-12 | Multi-wavelength target system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1046221A CN1046221A (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| CN1019603B true CN1019603B (en) | 1992-12-23 |
Family
ID=26977676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100711 Expired CN1019603B (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1990-02-14 | Fluid flow volumetric determination apparatus and method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1019603B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO900684L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO324812B1 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-12-10 | Multi Phase Meters As | Method and apparatus for tomographic multiphase flow measurements |
| US8032303B2 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2011-10-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods and apparatus to determine a concentration of nitrogen in a downhole fluid |
-
1990
- 1990-02-13 NO NO90900684A patent/NO900684L/en unknown
- 1990-02-14 CN CN 90100711 patent/CN1019603B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO900684D0 (en) | 1990-02-13 |
| CN1046221A (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| NO900684L (en) | 1990-08-15 |
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