CN101959358B - Anti-arc electronic ballast of series resonance instant start type - Google Patents
Anti-arc electronic ballast of series resonance instant start type Download PDFInfo
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- CN101959358B CN101959358B CN 201010536365 CN201010536365A CN101959358B CN 101959358 B CN101959358 B CN 101959358B CN 201010536365 CN201010536365 CN 201010536365 CN 201010536365 A CN201010536365 A CN 201010536365A CN 101959358 B CN101959358 B CN 101959358B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-arc electronic ballast of a series resonance instant start type, comprising a half-bridge inverter start circuit. A node serially connected with two switching tubes (Q1 and Q2) of the half-bridge inverter is connected with a feedback pulse transformer (T) a primary winding (L0) of which is connected in series with an inductor (L3) to form a series resonance capacitor, the inductor (L3) is connected with a lighting tube and a series resonance capacitor (C4), and the secondary side of the feedback pulse transformer is provided with two windings (L4 and L5) which are respectively connected in series with a base loop of the switching tubes (Q1 and Q2). Under the abnormal conditions that the lighting tube is not activated or light feet are in poor contact, and the like, no matter the ballast is open-circuited or short-circuited, switching tube elements can not be damaged in case of lacking special protection circuits, nor is an arc with enough energy generated at the output end of the ballast because of the poor contact of the light feet so that various instant-start lighting tubes with the requirement for a high start voltage can be reliably and normally started. The invention has the advantages of simple circuit, high efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of illumination electronic amperite of gas-discharge lamp, particularly a kind of series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast.
Background technology
Electric ballast provides high frequency voltage and the electric current of lighting and keep the fluorescent tube normal operation to tube load.By the characteristic of gaseous discharge lamp, before lamp activating is lighted, must there be a high activation voltage just can light fluorescent tube.Therefore, before not starting, fluorescent tube must have a higher voltage on the ballast output end, when in use in case the ballast zero load occurs is that fluorescent tube disconnects, the ballast output end short circuit, fluorescent tube does not activate or during the abnormal conditions such as luminous tube pin loose contact, may damage ballast because of the overload of switch element; The high voltage of ballast output is the phenomenon of possibility starting arc discharge also.If arc discharge is constant, will be the hidden dangers such as initiation fire.For this reason, relevant safety standard has strict requirement to the arc discharge degree of electronic ballast output end.
According to the topological structure of Electronic Ballast Resonant Circuit, can be divided into the electric ballast of series resonance and the electric ballast of parallel resonance.When the output loose contact, although two kinds of resonant circuit structures all arc phenomenon may occur, the order of severity can be variant.
The electric ballast of parallel resonance takes transformer to boost usually, again by electric capacity or current limit by inductance.In the whole course of work, there is very high voltage all the time in the secondary step-up coil of transformer.Can normally start fluorescent tube in order to keep ballast when the low-temperature condition, fluorescent tube is lighted front requirement may be up to the output voltage more than 500 Vrms.High ballast output voltage like this, when the fluorescent tube loose contact, continual high-voltage arc electric current will become potential safety hazard.
For the electric ballast of parallel resonance, usually adopt after detecting the arc discharge signal, to make the out-of-work way of ballast avoid continuing to occur electric arc.Although make the electric ballast failure of oscillation can solve the electric arc problem, in case failure of oscillation then must restart switch and just can make electric ballast recover normal operation.
The powered electronic ballast of undervoltage of general series resonance when the luminous tube pin loose contact, obvious arc discharge can not occur; And the series resonance electric ballast of high-power type because higher output voltage is arranged, when the fluorescent tube loose contact, also may produce larger arc discharge.
In the electric ballast of series resonance, the way of the above-mentioned arc discharge of existing solution is, by detection line, after detecting arc signal, resonance frequency improved, and output end voltage reduces, thereby restriction output energy avoids occuring serious arc phenomenon.But this type of circuit need to be equipped with according to the quantity of fluorescent tube the tricks that detects protection circuit at present, and fluorescent tube of every increase just must increase by a cover and detect protection circuit, and therefore, along with the increase of fluorescent tube quantity, cost can be relatively high.
According to the Starting mode of fluorescent tube, electric ballast has again fluorescent tube to light the instantaneous starting that filament is not carried out preheating before the startup; Apply to fluorescent tube high voltage make light startup before filament by the suitably quick startup of preheating; And the types such as pipeline start up by preheating of before fluorescent tube is lighted startup, filament being carried out abundant preheating.The Starting mode that ballast adopts is both relevant with the fluorescent tube that is suitable for, and is limited by again two indexs of correlation of ballast, i.e. the switch life of the complexity of circuit (thereby having determined cost) and fluorescent tube (allowing the number of times of on/off).The comparatively simple instantaneous starting of circuit be the switch life that shortens fluorescent tube be cost; Some fluorescent tube only allows to adopt the preheating type ballast, and this kind ballast has improved manufacturing cost because circuit is complicated, and being suitable for has the harsh occasion that requires to use to switch life.From the fluorescent tube performance standard as can be known, for those both fast Starting mode work, allow again the fluorescent tube of instantaneous starting, when the instantaneous starting mode is worked, the desired keep-alive voltage of fluorescent tube is more much higher than starting fast during startup, and such as T8/32W type fluorescent tube, the starting resistor that starts fast when 10 ℃ of ambient temperatures is 290 Vpeak, and required starting resistor will be higher than 465Vrms when instantaneous starting, and must not surpass 100ms the longest start-up time.The starting resistor of fluorescent tube also raises with the reduction of ambient temperature.High starting resistor means can the larger electric arc of produce power when fluorescent tube disconnection or lamp base loose contact.
The electric ballast that the instantaneous starting mode is moved, because having cancelled filament heating power, the efficient of inverter will improve much than quick action electronic ballast.But, most of series resonance instantaneous starting type electric ballast adopts isolating transformer output, this instantaneous starting circuit is removed or during a certain lamp base loose contact at fluorescent tube, resonant groove path is Light Condition, resonance current is increased suddenly, the rising of the resonance potential on the resonant capacitance will cause the larger electric arc in lamp base place, and the switch element that the resonance current of increase also will cause in the inverter is burnt serious consequence.So the sort circuit structure must dispose corresponding protection circuit, damage switch element when ballast zero load or the lamp base loose contact and suppress to produce excessive electric arc preventing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that a kind of special protective circuit that need not will be provided, and starts the forward and backward series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast that has two different resonant groove paths and adopt the switching tube base drive of feedback pulse transformer mode at fluorescent tube.
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast, comprise the half-bridge inverter start-up circuit, the node of two switching tube Q1, Q2 series connection of half-bridge inverter connects a feedback pulse transformer T, the armature winding L0 of feedback pulse transformer T is connected in series an inductance L 3, consists of series resonance inductor; Inductance L 3 is connected with the series resonance capacitor C with fluorescent tube and is connected; The feedback pulse transformer secondary output is provided with the base loop that two winding L 4, L5 are serially connected in respectively switching tube Q1, Q2.
Described series resonance capacitor C 4 is connected with tank capacitance C7, C6 respectively, and tank capacitance C7, C6 are parallel with respectively release diode D7, D6.
A serial connection of described fluorescent tube one capacitor C 3 is connected with inductance L 3, and the other end is connected in series a capacitor C 5 ground connection.
Feedback pulse transformer secondary output winding L 4, the L5 of the base loop serial connection of described switching tube Q1, Q2 also are serially connected with respectively the first inductance L 1, the second inductance L 2 and the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2.
Between the collector and emitter of described switching tube Q1, Q2 respectively and be connected to sustained diode 4, D5.
Described switching tube Q1, Q2 when normal operation, be serially connected in the resonance frequency of L4, L1, C1, L5, L2, the C2 tank circuit of the base loop resonance frequency when unloaded far below switching tube Q1, Q2.
The electric capacity of the described series resonance tank circuit is capacitor C 6, the C7 of two parallel connections of C4 serial connection before fluorescent tube is lighted; The capacitor C 3 that is connected in series with fluorescent tube two again for aforementioned electric capacity after fluorescent tube is lighted, C5 formation in parallel.
Switching tube Q1, the Q2 excitation is adopted simple in structure, the feedback pulse transformer mode that cost is lower, and utilize the magnetic saturation characteristic of pulse transformer magnet ring, the armature winding L0 of suitable selection feedback pulse transformer T is connected on respectively secondary winding L4 in switching tube Q1 and the Q2 base loop and the number of turns ratio of L5 with two, can make fluorescent tube before lighting, under rear two kinds of conditions, the voltage change ratio at the armature winding L0 two ends of feedback pulse transformer T is significantly smaller than the voltage change ratio at resonant inductance L3 two ends, thereby the amplification that the restriction fluorescent tube is lighted front resonance current, alleviated fluorescent tube and lighted front or disconnect at fluorescent tube, fluorescent tube does not activate or the load of switching tube Q1 and Q2 during the abnormal conditions such as luminous tube pin loose contact.
The first inductance L 1 in switching tube Q1 and Q2 base loop and the first capacitor C 1, the second inductance L 2 and the second capacitor C2, make the resonance frequency of base loop be arranged on resonance frequency when unloaded far below switching tube Q1, Q2, thereby before fluorescent tube is lighted or ballast present certain off resonance impedance when unloaded, to reduce the driving voltage amplitude of input switch pipe Q1, Q2 base stage, guarantee that further switching tube Q1, Q2 always work in area of safety operaton.
When two output line short circuits of ballast connecting tube, the equivalent resonant capacitance of the main resonance tank circuit is by resonant capacitance C4, tank capacitance C6, C7, the capacitor C 3 of tube circuit, the series and parallels such as C5 form, this moment resonant groove path resonance frequency transistorized switching frequency will be far below normal operation the time, present larger off resonance impedance and make ballast only produce very low short-circuit dissipation, can guarantee when output short-circuit, can not cause ballast and be damaged.
When between one of two pins of fluorescent tube and the lamp socket during loose contact, by resonant capacitance C4 and tank capacitance C6, on the equivalent resonant capacitance that C7 forms no matter how high fluorescent tube starting resistor is arranged, through tube circuit capacitor C 3, the step-down of C5 and fluorescent tube distributed capacitance only can be got a lower voltage and is not enough to cause electric arc between a lamp base and lamp socket; Moreover the base stage of switching tube is in the underexcitation state at this moment, has limited the output current of switching tube, thereby the also unlikely electric arc that produces enough energy at ballast output end.
Selective resonance inductance L 3 and resonance capacitor C 4, tank capacitance C6, the parameter of C7 is guaranteed still can start smoothly under subzero 18 ℃ of conditions such as the T8/32W fluorescent tube and is lighted even can make fluorescent tube light voltage that front fluorescent tube Lamp two ends obtain through circuit for lamp capacitor C 3 and C5 respectively.This instant start ballast also goes for other instantaneous starting type gas discharge lamp tubes that higher starting voltage request is arranged.
Superior effect of the present invention is:
1) overcome generally adopt at present when output produces electric arc, make the inverter failure of oscillation, or raising resonance frequency, reduce the shortcoming of output end voltage method, special protective circuit need not be set, but can take into account and obtain suitable ballast open circuit voltage and make fluorescent tube reliable ignition and keep the state of normal operation under desired condition, guarantee that the load lamp tube open circuit is appearring in ballast, short circuit, during the abnormalities such as lamp base loose contact, the damage that can not produce excessive electric arc and cause the switching tube element, and the arc energy of ballast output end is limited in the safe range;
2) simple in structure, efficient is high, and cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
The number in the figure explanation
1-half-bridge inverter start-up circuit; 2-switching tube base drive circuit;
3-half-bridge inverter switching tube circuit; 4-series resonance inductor;
5-tube circuit; Resonant capacitance when 6-fluorescent tube starts;
+ Vcc-direct current supply voltage; T-feedback pulse transformer;
The armature winding of L0-feedback pulse transformer; The secondary winding of L4, L5-feedback pulse transformer;
C4-resonant capacitance; L3-resonant inductance;
Q1, Q2-switching tube; C6, C7-tank capacitance;
D6, the D7-diode of releasing; D4, D5 fly-wheel diode;
Lamp-gas discharge lamp tube.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast, comprise the half-bridge inverter start-up circuit, the node of two switching tube Q1, Q2 series connection of half-bridge inverter connects a feedback pulse transformer T, the armature winding L0 of feedback pulse transformer T is connected in series an inductance L 3, consists of series resonance inductor; Inductance L 3 is connected with the series resonance capacitor C with fluorescent tube and is connected; The feedback pulse transformer secondary output is provided with the base loop that two winding L 4, L5 are serially connected in respectively switching tube Q1, Q2.
Described series resonance capacitor C 4 is connected with tank capacitance C7, C6 respectively, and tank capacitance C7, C6 are parallel with respectively release diode D7, D6.
A serial connection of described fluorescent tube one capacitor C 3 is connected with inductance L 3, and the other end is connected in series a capacitor C 5 ground connection.
Feedback pulse transformer secondary output winding L 4, the L5 of the base loop serial connection of described switching tube Q1, Q2 also are serially connected with respectively the first inductance L 1, the second inductance L 2 and the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2.
Between the collector and emitter of described switching tube Q1, Q2 respectively and be connected to sustained diode 4, D5.
Described switching tube Q1, Q2 when normal operation, be serially connected in the resonance frequency of L4, L1, C1, L5, L2, the C2 tank circuit of the base loop resonance frequency when unloaded far below switching tube Q1, Q2.
The electric capacity of the described series resonance tank circuit is capacitor C 6, the C7 of two parallel connections of C4 serial connection before fluorescent tube is lighted; The capacitor C 3 that is connected in series with fluorescent tube two again for aforementioned electric capacity after fluorescent tube is lighted, C5 formation in parallel.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As described in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast, direct voltage+Vcc obtains because of circuit such as corrections afterwards by the ac-dc conversion circuit of conventional electrical ballast and relevant electromagnetic compatibility filtering, power.Half-bridge inverter start-up circuit 1 also is conventional half-bridge inverter start-up circuit.The present invention is by switching tube base drive circuit 2, half-bridge switch pipe circuit 3, series resonance inductor 4, tube circuit 5, and the electric circuit constitutes such as resonant capacitance 6 of fluorescent tube when starting.
Traditional half-bridge inverter start-up circuit 1 provides the switching tube initial start-up voltage for half-bridge inverter when the ballast plugged.
By base stage additional the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2, the secondary winding L4 of the first inductance L 1, the second inductance L 2 and feedback pulse transformer T that base stage is additional, L5 forms switching tube base drive circuit 2.
Different name end 4 pin of 2 pin of the armature winding L0 of the secondary winding L4 of feedback pulse transformer T and feedback pulse transformer T and the mid point M of half-bridge inverter join, and Same Name of Ends 3 pin connect the base stage of switching tube Q1 after the first capacitor C 1 and the first inductance L 1 are connected in series.The Same Name of Ends 1 pin ground connection Gnd of 2 pin of another secondary winding L5 of feedback pulse transformer T and armature winding L5 feedback pulse transformer T, different name end 6 pin connect the base stage of switching tube Q2 after the second capacitor C 2 and the second inductance L 2 are connected in series.
In described switching tube Q1 and Q2 base loop, choosing of described the first inductance L 1, the second inductance L 2 and the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2 parameter values, make the switching tube base loop when ballast is unloaded, its resonance frequency is arranged on the idling frequency far below ballast, restriction is to the driving voltage amplitude of described switching tube Q1 and Q2 base stage, limited the output current of switching tube, guaranteed that described switching tube Q1 and Q2 still can be in area of safety operaton.
Utilize the saturation characteristic of feedback pulse transformer T magnet ring, the armature winding L0 of the described feedback pulse transformer of suitable selection T and two number of turns ratios that are connected on respectively secondary winding L4, L5 in switching tube Q1 and the Q2 base loop, make fluorescent tube light the voltage change ratio at armature winding L0 two ends under forward and backward two kinds of conditions much smaller than the voltage change ratio at resonant inductance L3 two ends, and then the restriction fluorescent tube amplification of lighting front resonance current, alleviate fluorescent tube and light front or fluorescent tube occurs and disconnect, fluorescent tube does not activate or the load of switching tube Q1 and Q2 during the abnormal conditions such as luminous tube pin loose contact.
Half-bridge inverter switching tube circuit 3 is by switching tube Q1, Q2, and forms with sustained diode 4, D5 that they are connected in parallel respectively.
The negative electrode of the collector electrode of switching tube Q1 and sustained diode 4 meets DC power supply+Vcc, the emitter of switching tube Q1 is received the mid point M of half-bridge inverter, the anode that also has sustained diode 4 that joins with the mid point M of half-bridge inverter simultaneously closes the collector electrode of pipe Q2 and the negative electrode of sustained diode 5.The anode of the emitter of switching tube Q2 and sustained diode 5 is received publicly Gnd together.
Resonant inductance 4 is comprised of main winding T1-1 and the resonance inductance L 3 of feedback pulse transformer T1.
Same Name of Ends 2 pin of the main winding T1-1 of feedback pulse transformer T1 meet the mid point M of half-bridge inverter, and its different name end 5 pin and resonant inductance L3 are connected in series.
The end of resonant capacitance C4 is connected to the output of resonant inductance L3, and the other end is got back to the direct voltage+Vcc of half-bridge inverter by tank capacitance C6; And receive the common ground point Gnd of ballast by tank capacitance C7.Switching tube Q2 and Q1 that tank capacitance C6 and C7 are respectively in turn conducting provide path.For to the excessive energy on Absorption Capacitance C6 and the C7 in the situation of high power supply voltage power supply, reduce the power loss of switching tube Q1 and Q2, on capacitor C 6 and C7, diode D6 and the D7 of releasing also is connected in parallel respectively.The negative electrode of diode D6 meets direct voltage+Vcc, and the anode of diode D7 meets publicly Gnd.
Resonant capacitance C4 is in series with tank capacitance C6, C7 in parallel, consists of the equivalent capacity that fluorescent tube is lighted front resonant groove path, the frequency when resonant groove path being operated in be higher than the fluorescent tube normal operation, and form fluorescent tube thereon and light necessary high voltage.
The output of resonant inductance L3 is except the end with resonant capacitance C4 joins, also the end with circuit for lamp capacitor C 3 joins, the other end of lamp capacitor C 3 is the output terminals A of ballast, another output B of ballast receives publicly Gnd through lamp capacitor C 5, between two output terminals A and B of ballast, the load fluorescent tube Lamp of external ballast.Before fluorescent tube is lighted, or during the ballast load open circuit, tube circuit 5 is on the not impact of equivalent resonant capacitance of resonant groove path, ballast is operated on the frequency that is higher than normal operation, and the resonant groove path electric capacity 6 when tube circuit 3 starts from fluorescent tube or electric capacity 7 obtain fluorescent tube Lamp and starts required high starting voltage; In case fluorescent tube is lighted, the capacitor C 3 that is connected in series, the equivalent resistance RL after fluorescent tube is lighted, and resonant capacitance 6 or the electric capacity 7 of capacitor C 5 when starting with fluorescent tube is in parallel, has increased total resonant capacitance, and resonance frequency is reduced, ballast is operated on the normal frequency.Under the abnormal conditions that two output terminals A and the B of ballast are short-circuited, because the resonant capacitance 6 when electric capacity C3 and C5 directly start with fluorescent tube on the circuit for lamp is in parallel, the switching frequency of switching tube when the resonance frequency of this moment is normal far below ballast, present larger off resonance impedance and make ballast only produce very low short-circuit dissipation, to guarantee that can not cause ballast when the output short-circuit is damaged.When one of two pins of fluorescent tube and lamp socket are between the output of ballast during loose contact, on the resonant capacitance that is formed by resonant capacitance C4 and tank capacitance C6 and C7 no matter how high fluorescent tube starting resistor is arranged, through the step-down of the distributed capacitance of capacitor C 3, C5 and fluorescent tube, between a lamp base and lamp socket, only can get a lower voltage and be not enough to cause electric arc.Moreover the base stage of switching tube is under excitation at this moment, has limited the output current of switching tube, thereby also is unlikely the electric arc that produces enough energy at ballast output end.
No matter the present invention has in ballast open circuit, short circuit, fluorescent tube do not activate or the exceptional condition such as lamp base loose contact under, can not cause the damage of switching tube element; Also can not produce at ballast output end the electric arc of enough energy because of the lamp base loose contact; Can make the various instantaneous starting fluorescent tubes that the high starting voltage requirement arranged can both be reliably, the normal startup; The remarkable advantages such as and circuit is simple, and efficient is high, cost is low.
After tested, lamp base over the ground shock current also less than the limit value of safety standard.
Claims (3)
1. series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast, comprise the half-bridge inverter start-up circuit, it is characterized in that: the node of two switching tube Q1, Q2 series connection of half-bridge inverter connects a feedback pulse transformer T, the armature winding L0 of feedback pulse transformer T is connected in series an inductance L 3, consists of series resonance inductor; Inductance L 3 is connected with the series resonance capacitor C with fluorescent tube and is connected; The feedback pulse transformer secondary output is provided with the base loop that two winding L 4, L5 are serially connected in respectively switching tube Q1, Q2;
Described series resonance capacitor C 4 is connected with tank capacitance C7, C6 respectively, and tank capacitance C7, C6 are parallel with respectively release diode D7, D6;
A serial connection of described fluorescent tube one capacitor C 3 is connected with inductance L 3, and the other end is connected in series a capacitor C 5 ground connection;
Feedback pulse transformer secondary output winding L 4, the L5 of the base loop serial connection of described switching tube Q1, Q2 also are serially connected with respectively the first inductance L 1, the second inductance L 2 and the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2;
Between the collector and emitter of described switching tube Q1, Q2 respectively and be connected to sustained diode 4, D5.
2. series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switching tube Q1, Q2 when normal operation, be serially connected in the resonance frequency of L4, L1, C1, L5, L2, the C2 tank circuit of the base loop resonance frequency when unloaded far below switching tube Q1, Q2.
3. series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electric capacity of resonant groove path is capacitor C 6, the C7 of two parallel connections of C4 serial connection before fluorescent tube is lighted; The capacitor C 3 that is connected in series with fluorescent tube two again for the capacitor C 6 of capacitor C 4 series and parallels, C7 after fluorescent tube is lighted, C5 formation in parallel.
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| CN 201010536365 CN101959358B (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2010-11-09 | Anti-arc electronic ballast of series resonance instant start type |
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| CN101959358B true CN101959358B (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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| CN105188188A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-23 | 上海阿卡得电子有限公司 | Arc prevention circuit of LED lamp tube |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6856096B1 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-02-15 | Osram Sylvania, Inc. | Ballast with load-adaptable fault detection circuit |
| CN101166389A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-04-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Electronic rectifier for exception protection of discharging lamp and discharging lamp |
| CN201893985U (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-07-06 | 上海阿卡得电子有限公司 | Series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6856096B1 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-02-15 | Osram Sylvania, Inc. | Ballast with load-adaptable fault detection circuit |
| CN101166389A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-04-23 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Electronic rectifier for exception protection of discharging lamp and discharging lamp |
| CN201893985U (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-07-06 | 上海阿卡得电子有限公司 | Series resonance instantaneous starting type arc preventive electronic ballast |
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