CN101958542A - Method for intelligently balancing load among modules in communication power-supply system - Google Patents
Method for intelligently balancing load among modules in communication power-supply system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for intelligently balancing a load among modules in a communication power-supply system. Each module is divided into a power-supply module set I and a power-supply module set II, the direct-current power output ends of the modules in each power-supply module set I or II are connected with each other in parallel and then connected to the load, meanwhile the two power-supply module sets I and II are respectively equipped with respective current-equalizing signal wires, and the two current-equalizing signal wires are both only connected with a current feedback control circuit of each module in the same set and are not connected with power circuits among the power-supply modules. A coupling circuit is arranged between two current-equalizing signal wires and used for distributing the loads of the two power-supply module sets I and II according to a given law is provided, during normal running, the power-supply module II set always only assumes a small part of loads not greater than the set value, and the rest of most loads are all assumed by the power-supply module set I. The invention has the advantages that as one of the power-supply module sets can be controlled to output load currents according to requirements, the control method is simple, reliable and easy to implement, and the current-equalizing control circuits in the power-supply modules do not need to be adjusted; because the current-equalizing control circuits in the power-supply modules do not need to be adjusted, when power-supply systems with balanced load output ratio requirements or controllable grouped power-supply output load current are designed or manufactured, the traditional power-supply modules can be directly assembled into systems, and the method is easy to implement.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to circuit or the device for distribution or distribution, relates in particular to the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the power supply system for communications and the intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications that adopts this method.
Parallel current-sharing scheme in the background technology communication power supply system, present general way is each power module load-sharing, but in some field, in the power communication application, the input of some power module is to exchange, be alternating current 220V or 380V, the input of some power module is a direct current, be direct current 110V or 220V, alternating current input power supplying module and the direct-current input power supplying module mode of using in parallel are generally adopted in the power supply of electric power communication device, and the output load current ratio of described module has two kinds of situations:
One, exchanges the input of input and direct current all just often, the load current that alternating current input power supplying module output is whole, the direct-current input power supplying module is in Light Condition, i.e. output load current not, when exchanging the input power failure, whole load currents just switches to the output of direct-current input power supplying module.
Two, exchange the input of input and direct current all just often, alternating current input power supplying module and direct-current input power supplying module load-sharing electric current, promptly respectively share 50% load current, when exchanging the input power failure, whole load currents just switches to the output of direct-current input power supplying module.
But these two kinds of output load current modes all are dissatisfactory, and as mentioned above, the output load current size of direct-current input power supplying module has two kinds of situations:
When (1) unloaded, it is zero output, described direct-current input power supplying module is a kind of energy conversion, and inside has many energy-storage travelling wave tubes to be used for storage, the conversion of energy, when saturation condition appears in certain magnetic element, when the capacity of the characteristic that promptly loses magnetism or certain support electric capacity descends greatly, it is unloaded normal power module to occur, and band carries the situation of fault, certainly will have potential faults, in actual applications, there is this type of fault really in the power supply of finding prior art really.
(2) and during alternating current input power supplying module average load current, be in heavy condition, when supposing that communication equipment needs 60 amperes electric current, the alternating current input power supplying module accounts for 30 amperes so, the direct-current input power supplying module also accounts for 30 amperes, the output current of direct-current input power supplying module is big, the input current of this direct-current input power supplying module is also big so, the power supply system of DC source of DC110V or 220V just, its output current is also big, is influential to the stability of this DC110V or 220V power supply system of DC source, therefore, under the normal state of civil power, the user does not generally wish to adopt this output scheme.
We know, in Switching Power Supply parallel operation system, for the output current of balanced each power module, often take the current-sharing measure.Current equalizing method is a lot, and at present commonly used, the reasonable method of effect has two kinds: average current method and maximum current method.
(1) average current method
As shown in Figure 5,, receive on the public bus respectively by a resistance R at the current amplifier output of each switch power module in parallel, this bus is called current equalizing bus bar or current-sharing holding wire.The output voltage U IK of current amplifier is directly proportional with the output current IK of this switch power module among the figure.PWM is pulse-width modulation and drive circuit; A1 is a voltage error amplifier; A2 adjusts amplifier, and the output voltage U IK of current amplifier and current-sharing line voltage signal Ub are as the differential input of A2.
The essence of this method is to adjust generator characteristic.Promptly suitably adjust the power module output voltage, thereby adjusted its output current, make each module output current in parallel equal the mean value of total current, reach the current-sharing of more accurate ground further by this power module output current feedback signal.
In Fig. 5, reference voltage Ur and feedback voltage Uf are the input of voltage amplifier, and U ' r is reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, output voltage U e control PWM and the drive circuit of voltage amplifier A1.UIK is the output voltage signal of current amplifier, and it is directly proportional with the output current IK of corresponding module, and Ub is the voltage on the current-sharing holding wire, and UIK and Ub are the input signals of adjusting amplifier A2, and A2 exports a sharing control voltage U c.
By Circuit theory as can be known, the current-sharing holding wire can be regarded a generalized node as.According to Kirchhoff's law as can be known, the total current algebraical sum of inflow holding wire is zero.So can draw following equation:
That is:
In the formula: Ub-current equalizing bus bar voltage
Each paralleling switch power module of R-is connected to the resistance on the current equalizing bus bar
The output voltage of each blocks current amplifier of UIK-(K=1,2 ... N)
This formula shows that current-sharing line voltage signal Ub is the current amplifier output voltage U I1 of each parallel electric source module correspondence, the mean value of UI2, UI3......UIN, and what its reflected is the mean value of each module output current.
The difference of UIK and Ub is the equal stream error of each module just, amplifies by the adjustment of adjusting amplifier A2, exports one and adjusts control voltage U c.Generally speaking, Ub may also may be less than UIK greater than UIK.When Ub=UIK, i.e. Ub-UIK=0, Uc=0 then, each power module output current of system is at equilibrium.If Ub ≠ UIK, then Uc ≠ 0 shows the electric current maldistribution.After this control voltage and reference voltage addition,, make amplifier A1 output error voltage signal Ue as the input signal of voltage amplifier A1, control impuls width modulator PWM, thus reach the purpose of current-sharing.
With reference to figure 6-1, when current-sharing holding wire shorted to earth, learn by Fig. 5, the output Uc of amplifier A2 is only relevant with current feedback, input U ' r of amplifier A1 is reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, therefore, this moment, the output voltage of module depended on reference voltage Ur and current feedback, be not subjected to the influence of current-sharing holding wire, i.e. factory setting voltage is when a plurality of modules are in parallel, the output voltage of each module is fixed, even the load current of system increases, their output voltage can not regulated by the current-sharing holding wire more yet, and the output current-sharing degree of each module depends on the consistency of output voltage separately, it is the output voltage height, output current is just big, and output voltage is low, and output current is just little.
With reference to figure 6-2, when the current-sharing holding wire is clamped at a certain small voltage over the ground, connect a Schottky diode over the ground as the current-sharing holding wire, so, when load output increases, the current-sharing line voltage signal rises, when rising to the tube voltage drop 0.4V of diode, just be 0.4V by clamper, at this moment, be similar to the situation of short circuit, learn by Fig. 1, because the current-sharing line voltage signal is fixed, the output Uc of amplifier A2 fixes so, input U ' r of amplifier A1 is reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, therefore, this moment, the output voltage of module no longer was subjected to the influence of current-sharing holding wire, and promptly 53.5V adds a fine setting output voltage that produces owing to the current-sharing line voltage signal of 0.4V, when a plurality of modules are in parallel, the output voltage of each module is fixed, even the load current of system increases, their output voltage can not regulated by the current-sharing holding wire more yet, at this moment, the output current-sharing degree of each module depends on the consistency of output voltage separately equally, i.e. output voltage height, output current are just big, output voltage is low, and output current is just little.
With reference to figure 6-3, unsettled over the ground when the current-sharing holding wire, promptly use routinely.Increase along with output loading, the current-sharing line voltage signal rises, and is learnt that by Fig. 1 the output Uc of amplifier A2 also rises so, input U ' r of amplifier A1 is reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, therefore, when a plurality of modules are in parallel, along with the increase of the load current of system, the module that output current is little is because a little less than the current feedback, its output voltage will draw high to some extent, and the module that output current is big will be reduced output voltage, promptly regulates to the mean value of electric current and draws close.Generally, when current-sharing holding wire normal use, the output voltage of module can be subjected to the adjusting of current-sharing holding wire and rise.
(2) maximum current method
The maximum current method claims democracy current-equalizing method or automatic current equalizing method again, as shown in Figure 7, change the resistance R in the average current method schematic diagram into diode D, it is exactly the operation principle of maximum current method, promptly the current amplifier output at each switch power module in parallel passes through diode D respectively, receive on the public bus, this bus is called the current-sharing holding wire.The output voltage U IK of current amplifier is directly proportional with the output current IK of this switch power module among the figure.PWM is pulse-width modulation and drive circuit; A1 is a voltage amplifier; A2 adjusts amplifier, and the output voltage U IK of current amplifier and busbar voltage Ub are as the input of A2.
The essence of this method also is to adjust generator characteristic.Promptly suitably adjust the power module output voltage, thereby adjusted its output current by this power module output current feedback signal.Because the one-way of diode has only the module of electric current maximum to link to each other with the current-sharing holding wire, this module is primary module, and all the other are from module, and the current sample voltage U IK of primary module becomes busbar voltage behind diode.From the current sample voltage U IK of module and busbar voltage behind amplifier A2, output Uc also rises, input U ' r of amplifier A1 is reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, therefore, U ' r also rises, and then regulate from the output voltage of module and rise near primary module, reach the current-sharing purpose.The characteristics of this method are:
(1) this current equalizing method once has only a unit to participate in adjusting work, and primary module exists forever and is at random;
(2) regulate from the output voltage of module that direction always raises;
(3) always there is forward voltage drop in diode, so the current-sharing of primary module has error, and promptly the output current of primary module is bigger than other modules, and is then better from the current-sharing effect of module.
Among Fig. 7, the difference of UIK and Ub is the equal stream error of each module just, amplifies by the adjustment of adjusting amplifier A2, exports one and adjusts control voltage U c.Because the one-way of diode all is to follow primary module from module forever, promptly the voltage-regulation from module always raises.The same with the average current method, in order to improve the stability of system, just one among a small circle for the module output voltage range of regulating by the current-sharing holding wire, as export the communication power supply of 48V, voltage is set at 53.5V when dispatching from the factory, and so, the output voltage of adjusting by the current-sharing holding wire has only ± 0.5V, after promptly connecting the current-sharing holding wire, the excursion of output voltage is: 53.5 ± 0.5V.
As shown in Figure 6, three of the current-sharing holding wire kinds of connections are: (1) ground connection; (2) connect diode over the ground; (3) unsettled over the ground, promptly conventional the application.
(1) this analytic process is identical with average current method.When the current-sharing shorted to earth, learn by Fig. 5, if when disregarding Voltage Feedback and influencing, the output Uc=0 of amplifier A2, input U ' r of amplifier A1 are reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, therefore, this moment, the output voltage of module depended on reference voltage Ur, be not subjected to the influence of current-sharing holding wire, i.e. factory setting voltage is when a plurality of modules are in parallel, the output voltage of each module is fixed, even the load current of system increases, their output voltage can not regulated by the current-sharing holding wire more yet, and the output current-sharing degree of each module depends on the consistency of output voltage separately, it is the output voltage height, output current is just big, and output voltage is low, and output current is just little.
(2) this analytic process also is identical with average current method.When the current-sharing holding wire is clamped at a certain small voltage over the ground, connect a Schottky diode over the ground as the current-sharing holding wire, so, when load output increase, the current-sharing line voltage signal rises, when rising to the tube voltage drop 0.4V of diode, just be 0.4V by clamper, at this moment, be similar to the situation of short circuit, learn by Fig. 7, because the current-sharing line voltage signal is fixed, the output Uc of amplifier A2 fixes so, and input U ' r of amplifier A1 is reference voltage Ur and sharing control voltage U c sum, therefore, the output voltage of module no longer is subjected to the influence of current-sharing holding wire at this moment, be that 53.5V adds a fine setting output voltage that produces owing to the current-sharing line voltage signal of 0.4V, when a plurality of modules were in parallel, the output voltage of each module was fixed, even the load current of system increases, their output voltage can not regulated by the current-sharing holding wire more yet, and at this moment, the output current-sharing degree of each module depends on the consistency of output voltage separately equally, it is the output voltage height, output current is just big, and output voltage is low, and output current is just little.(3) unsettled over the ground when the current-sharing holding wire, promptly use routinely, along with the increase of output loading, the current-sharing line voltage signal rises.Learn that by Fig. 7 because the one-way of diode, the diode current flow of primary module respectively transfers near primary module from module voltage.Generally, when current-sharing holding wire normal use, the output voltage of module can be subjected to the adjusting of current-sharing holding wire and rise.
The summary of the invention the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and method and system that a kind of intelligent equalization load power source is provided; solve the problem that prior art communication power supply direct current is in zero load or heavy duty for a long time; can effectively control the state that the direct current module is in underloading output; can protect DC110V or 220V DC power system like this; can make the direct current module be in effective output state again, be convenient to the monitoring running state of module.
The present invention is by realizing by the following technical solutions for solveing the technical problem, and proposes the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in a kind of power supply system for communications, comprises step:
A. described each module is split up into power module I group and power module II group, with the wherein direct current power output parallel connection mutually respectively of each module, be connected to load after more described power module I, II being organized two groups the mutual parallel connection of direct current power output, organize two groups of current-sharing holding wires that are provided with respectively separately for described power module I, II simultaneously, this two current-sharings holding wire all only connects respectively this same group each blocks current feedback control circuit, and with described each source module between power circuit be not connected.
B., coupling circuit between the two current-sharing holding wires is set, in order to distribute the load of I, two groups of power modules of II according to given rule, promptly when normal operation, power module II group is only born the fraction load that is not more than set point all the time, and remaining most of load is all born by power module I group.
C. all each power modules all are provided with output current, the Voltage Feedback link of oneself, and output voltage, electric current adjust actuator, thereby make described each power module output current be subjected to the control of current-sharing holding wire above earth potential separately.
The current-sharing holding wire of D. described power module I group is done conventional the application, promptly unsettled over the ground, thereby each module output current is subjected to this adjusting of organizing the equal stream information line of each module above earth potential in this group, and along with total load increases the weight of and increase more, its output voltage correspondingly shows slightly to be heightened; The current-sharing holding wire above earth potential of described power module II group is clamped at the value of certain setting, its output voltage only has the adjustment of very little scope, when total load increases the weight of, each module output voltage is constant substantially in this group, out-put supply also increases seldom naturally, and the major part of total load is all born by each module of power module I group.
The label of quoting in the above each step, wherein n and m are positive natural number.
When implementing described step B, described coupling circuit is by diode D2 and/or the current-sharing holding wire of D3 link block I group and the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group, described two diode sequences series connection, and the current-sharing holding wire of anode link block II group, thereby the current-sharing holding wire current potential of module I group can freely be risen, the current potential of the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group then is subjected to the clamping down on of current-sharing holding wire of module I group, simultaneously, one of the current-sharing holding wire of described coupling circuit link block II group is rectified to connecting diode D4 over the ground, be about to the current-sharing holding wire of the anode link block II group of described diode D4, make it clamper a little more than earthy value.
In the described coupling circuit, between clamp diode D4 negative electrode and ground, also be in series with adjustable resistance VR3, be used to finely tune the above earth potential of the stream holding wire of equal module ii group.
Described coupling circuit is also switched on and is hindered R1 series diode D1, two current-sharing holding wires are coupled together, the current-sharing holding wire of the negative electrode link block II group of described diode D1, and the while connects resistance R 2 over the ground, R1＞R2, when the D4-VR3 branch trouble disconnected, R1-D1 and R2 also formed path, and the current potential of the current-sharing holding wire of assurance module I group can freely rise and also be higher than the above earth potential of module ii group current-sharing holding wire forever.
Described each power module is a switching power unit, and it is the pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit that described output voltage, electric current are adjusted actuator.
Each module of described power module I group (100) all has AC-input voltage and rectification, filter circuit.
The present invention is that a kind of intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications that is provided with coupling circuit also is provided for solveing the technical problem, this power-supply system the basic structure of common communications power-supply system is arranged, especially: the power module in the described system respectively is divided into power module I group and power module II group, the direct current power output of each module in each group is in parallel mutually separately, again with described power module I, II is connected to load after organizing two groups the mutual parallel connection of direct current power output, be described power module I simultaneously, II organizes two groups of current-sharing holding wires that are provided with respectively separately, this two current-sharings holding wire all only connects respectively this same group each blocks current feedback control circuit, and with described each source module between power circuit be not connected; Described n and m are positive natural number.
Between two current-sharing holding wires, be provided with coupling circuit, described coupling circuit is by diode D2 and/or the current-sharing holding wire of D3 link block I group and the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group, described two diode sequences series connection, and the current-sharing holding wire of anode link block II group, thereby the current-sharing holding wire current potential of module I group can freely be risen, the current potential of the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group then is subjected to the clamping down on of current-sharing holding wire of module I group, simultaneously, one of the current-sharing holding wire of described coupling circuit link block II group is rectified to connecting diode D4 over the ground, be about to the current-sharing holding wire of the anode link block II group of described diode D4, make it clamper a little more than earthy value.
In the described coupling circuit, between clamp diode D4 negative electrode and ground, also be in series with adjustable resistance VR3, be used to finely tune the above earth potential of the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group.
Described coupling circuit is also switched on and is hindered R1 series diode D1, the current-sharing holding wire of module I group and the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group are coupled together, the current-sharing holding wire of the negative electrode link block II group of described diode D1, and the while connects resistance R 2 over the ground, R1＞R2, when the D4-VR3 branch trouble disconnected, R1-D1 and R2 also formed path, and the current potential of the current-sharing holding wire of assurance module I group can freely rise and also be higher than the above earth potential of the current-sharing holding wire of module ii group forever.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: only need the grouping of source current module, can control wherein one group and press the big or small output load current of demand, simple and reliable, the easy enforcement of control method, and the inside equalizing control circuit of power module do not needed to adjust; Use the present invention program, owing to do not need the inside equalizing control circuit of power module is done any adjustment, therefore, when designing or making the power-supply system that the requirement of equally loaded export ratio is arranged or divide into groups power supply output load current controlled amount, can directly come group system to existing power module, easy to implement.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the preferred embodiment circuit theory schematic diagram of the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the power supply system for communications of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the preferred embodiment structural representation that the present invention is provided with the intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications of coupling circuit;
Fig. 3 is the intelligent equalization load power source system of described preferred embodiment, the curve chart between alternating current input power supplying module group and direct-current input power supplying mould and load;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the equally loaded control procedure of described preferred embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of prior art average current method;
Fig. 6 is that the connection of prior art current-sharing holding wire: Fig. 6-1 ground connection, Fig. 6-2 connect diode over the ground, Fig. 6-3 is unsettled over the ground, promptly conventional the application;
Fig. 7 is a prior art maximum current method circuit theory schematic diagram.
Below the embodiment, the preferred embodiment shown in is further set forth the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 2, the preferred embodiment of the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load is in the power supply system for communications of the present invention, implements following steps:
A. each module of institute is split up into power module I group 100 and power module II group 200, with module 101 wherein, 102, ..., 10n and module 201,202, ..., 20m is in parallel mutually respectively, again with described power module I, II is connected to load after organizing two group 100,200 the mutual parallel connection of direct current power output, be described power module I simultaneously, II organizes two group 100,200 are provided with current-sharing holding wire 110,210 separately, this two current-sharings holding wire 110 respectively, 210 all only connect respectively this same group each blocks current feedback control circuit, and with described each source module between power circuit be not connected.
B., two current-sharing holding wires 110 are set, coupling circuit 300 between 210, in order to distribute two groups of power modules 100 of I, II according to given rule, 200 load, promptly when normal operation, power module II group 200 is only born the fraction load that is not more than set point all the time, and remaining most of load is all born by power module I group 100.
C. all each power modules 101 ..., 10n, 201 ..., 20m is provided with output current, the Voltage Feedback link of oneself, and output voltage, electric current adjust actuator, thereby make described each power module output current be subjected to the control of current-sharing holding wire 110,210 above earth potentials separately.
The current-sharing holding wire 110 of D. described power module I group 100 is done conventional the application, promptly unsettled over the ground, thereby each module 101 in should organizing, ..., the 10n output current is subjected to this to organize the adjusting of equal stream information line 110 above earth potentials of each module, along with total load increases the weight of and increase more, its output voltage correspondingly shows slightly to be heightened; Current-sharing holding wire 210 above earth potentials of described power module II group 200 are clamped at the value of certain setting, its output voltage only has the adjustment of very little scope, when total load increases the weight of, interior each module 201 of this group ..., the 20m output voltage is constant substantially, and out-put supply also increases seldom naturally, and the major part of total load is all organized each module 101 of 100 by power module I, ..., 10n bears.
The label of quoting in the above each step, wherein n and m are positive natural number.
When implementing described step B, described coupling circuit 300 is by diode D2 and/or the current-sharing holding wire 110 of D3 link block I group and the current-sharing holding wire 210 of module ii group, described two diode sequences series connection, and the current-sharing holding wire 210 of anode link block II group, thereby current-sharing holding wire 110 current potentials can freely be risen, the current potential of current-sharing holding wire 210 then is subjected to clamping down on of current-sharing holding wire 110, simultaneously, described coupling circuit 300 connects one of current-sharing holding wire 210 and rectifies to connecting diode D4 over the ground, the anode that is about to described diode D4 connects current-sharing holding wire 210, makes it clamper a little more than earthy value.
In the described coupling circuit 300, between clamp diode D4 negative electrode and ground, also be in series with adjustable resistance VR3, be used to finely tune the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire 210.
Described coupling circuit 300 is also switched on and is hindered R1 series diode D1, current-sharing holding wire 110 and current-sharing holding wire 210 are coupled together, the negative electrode of described diode D1 connects current-sharing holding wire 210, and the while connects resistance R 2 over the ground, R1＞R2, when the D4-VR3 branch trouble disconnected, R1-D1 and R2 also formed path, and the current potential of assurance current-sharing holding wire 110 can freely rise and also be higher than the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire 210 forever.
Described each power module 101 ..., 10n, 201 ..., 20m is a switching power unit, it is the pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit that described output voltage, electric current are adjusted actuator.
Each module 101 of described power module I group 100 ..., 10n has AC-input voltage and rectification, filter circuit.
The preferred embodiment that the present invention is provided with the intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications of coupling circuit is, design or this power supply system for communications of making have the basic structure of common communications power-supply system, particularly, power module in the described system respectively is divided into power module I group 100 and power module II group 200, with module 101 wherein, 102, ..., 10n and module 201,202, ..., 20m is in parallel mutually respectively, again with described power module I, II is connected to load after organizing two group 100,200 the mutual parallel connection of direct current power output, be described power module I simultaneously, II organizes two group 100,200 are provided with current-sharing holding wire 110 separately respectively, 210, this two current-sharings holding wire 110,210 all only connect respectively this same group each blocks current feedback control circuit, and with described each source module between power circuit be not connected.Wherein said n and m are positive natural number.
At two current-sharing holding wires 110, be provided with coupling circuit 300 between 210, described coupling circuit 300 is by diode D2 and/or the current-sharing holding wire 110 of D3 link block I group and the current-sharing holding wire 210 of module ii group, described two diode sequences series connection, and the current-sharing holding wire 210 of anode link block II group, thereby current-sharing holding wire 110 current potentials can freely be risen, the current potential of current-sharing holding wire 210 then is subjected to clamping down on of current-sharing holding wire 110, simultaneously, described coupling circuit 300 connects one of current-sharing holding wire 210 and rectifies to connecting diode D4 over the ground, the anode that is about to described diode D4 connects current-sharing holding wire 210, makes it clamper a little more than earthy value.
In the described coupling circuit 300, between clamp diode D4 negative electrode and ground, also be in series with adjustable resistance VR3, be used to finely tune the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire 210.
Described coupling circuit 300 is also switched on and is hindered R1 series diode D1, current-sharing holding wire 110 and current-sharing holding wire 210 are coupled together, the negative electrode of described diode D1 connects current-sharing holding wire 210, and the while connects resistance R 2 over the ground, R1＞R2, when the D4-VR3 branch trouble disconnected, R1-D1 and R2 also formed path, and the current potential of assurance current-sharing holding wire 110 can freely rise and also be higher than the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire 210 forever.
Ginseng Fig. 2, coupling circuit 300 among the figure, promptly are the coupling circuits 300 among Fig. 1, and the alternating current input power supplying module combinations is the I group, direct-current input power supplying module combinations II group, the system work process of present embodiment is as follows:
(1) interchange input, direct current are imported just often:
A) during little load, two groups of output load currents equate, be similar to direct parallel connection, whole modules is in the load-sharing state, but under the light condition, the current-sharing effect of each intermodule is relatively poor, and possible some module there is not electric current output, and current-sharing holding wire 210 voltages that this moment, II organized are less than or equal to the conducting voltage of a diode;
B) during heavy load, the most load current of I group output, the load current of II group output fraction, load-sharing between the module of I group, also load-sharing between the module of II group, but its current-sharing degree depends primarily on module output voltage separately, because its current-sharing holding wire 210 voltages are clamped at certain certain value, is not freely to increase; Along with the further increase of load, the output load current of II group has only a spot of increase, and most load currents that increase are provided by the I group, during as total load 20A, and II group output 5A, I group output 15A; When total load is given greatly to 30A, II group output 5.5A, the I group is exported 24.5A, so analogizes.
(2) exchange to have a power failure or during the whole fault of the module of I group, the harmless II group that switches to of whole load currents is exported, each intermodule load-sharing electric current of II group, the current-sharing degree depends primarily on module output voltage separately, because its current-sharing holding wire 210 voltages are clamped at certain certain value, are not freely to increase.If the normally opened contact of a relay of series connection on the diode D4 on the current-sharing holding wire 210, feasible interchange just often, the contact adhesive, exchange when having a power failure and disconnect, so, after the power failure, the clamping action of diode D4 withdraws from, current-sharing holding wire 210 voltages are able to freely increase, and effect just and there be not connection control circuit similar.
(3) when all not exporting for two groups, come to power to load equipment by the discharge of storage battery.
When (4) system did not insert storage battery, behind mains failure, because the direct current input does not have a power failure, corresponding module combinations was normally exported, and had guaranteed the continuity of communication equipment power supply.
With reference to figure 1, suppose that alternating current input power supplying module group is the I group, direct-current input power supplying module group is the II group, and the current-sharing signal voltage of I group is Va, and the current-sharing line voltage signal of II group is Vb, diode D4 is a Schottky diode, its tube voltage drop is 0.4V, and so, the balanced control procedure of the load of the described system of present embodiment as shown in Figure 4, current parameters value in the table for for example, is not real test data only.
With reference to figure 4, after employing the inventive method or the system, realize the load balancing control of two groups of power modules, as can be seen from this figure:
When 1) not having control, the output load current of two groups of power modules equates, i.e. Chang Gui direct parallel connection;
When 2) balanced control being arranged, when II organizes output current to certain value, just no longer increased, the output current of I group is then unrestricted, can continue to increase; Because the tube voltage drop of diode D4 can slightly rise, therefore, equalizer curve also is slightly gradient.
3) have the load curve of balanced control adjustable, arrive between regulatory region till the load curve that does not have balanced control, the method for realization is the resistance of regulating the resistance VR3 among Fig. 1.
In the present embodiment, to the control of equally loaded precision:
One. module current-sharing line voltage signal precision
Design is at 0～5V usually for the voltage of current-sharing holding wire, and busbar voltage is 0V with the big or small linear change of load when unloaded, and fully loaded is to be 5V; Different power modules, when same load was exported, output current sampled value size had certain error, is learnt by aforementioned current-sharing principle analysis, the output current sampled value outputs to the current-sharing holding wire by resistance or diode, and this just has influence on the error precision of current-sharing line voltage signal.
A single module M1, when output loading 2A, its busbar voltage is 0.4V; Another module M2 is when identical load 2A, and busbar voltage is 0.5V.As shown in Figure 4, clamp diode D4 tube voltage drop is 0.4V.So, in the equally loaded power-supply system, suppose total load current,, use M1, M2 module respectively as 20A greater than 2A:
When using the M1 module, M1 module output current=2A, other load current are that first pack module is shared;
When using the M2 module, M2 module output current＜2A, other load current are that first pack module is shared, because the output current of M2 module is when also being less than 2A, its current-sharing line voltage signal has reached 0.4V, and output has been vised;
Therefore, the balanced control precision of this system is subjected to the influence of the current-sharing line voltage signal precision of power module itself, and this precision appears to have may be bigger.Such as, in the equally loaded power-supply system, the module combinations of controlled output can be exported the 5A electric current, but after changing these modules, just might export 4A or 6A.To whole system, this variation is complete acceptable because when system's total load current be 20A, 30A even when bigger, one group of controlled output current ability is 4A, 5A, or 6A, total load current all be an individual little ratio relatively.
Two. the precision of clamp diode D4
As shown in Figure 1, the precision of diode D4 directly has influence on the maximum output load current size of II pack module, if its tube voltage drop is low, the load current that can export of module ii group is just low so, otherwise just high.
Use the diode of unlike material instead, change general-purpose diode into as Schottky diode, because tube voltage drop has very big difference, therefore the output load current ability influence to the module ii group is bigger.
The tube voltage drop of diode has minor variations, along with the electric current that flows through diode increases, its tube voltage drop slightly rises, become 0.41V as 0.40V, therefore, along with the increase of total load current, the output load current of module ii group also can slightly increase, and comes as can be seen on the load balancing curve chart of this Fig. 3.
Three. module number
It is also different that the module number difference of module ii group, its output current account for the ratio of total current.Still diminish no matter increase, load current size controlled function of the present invention is to realize all the time.
Components and parts specification among Fig. 1, selection of parameter are as follows:
| Label | Title | Model |
| D1 | Diode | BAT42 |
| D2 | Diode | BAT42 |
| D3 | Diode | 1N4148 |
| D4 | Diode | 1N5819 |
| R1 | Resistance | 4.7K |
| R2 | Resistance | 2K |
| VR3 | Adjustable resistance | 0～1K |
Because coupling circuit just controls voltage signal, electric current is very little, so the power of resistance chooses available 1/8W, 1/4W etc., and the optional 1～10K of R1 selects 4.7K;
R2 can select to use, and when needs, selects its resistance less than R1, as optional 2K;
VR3 is an adjustable resistance, hour is 0, i.e. short circuit, and at this moment, the output loading capability minimum of module ii group can be regulated according to the output loading size requirements of second pack module II group.
As can be seen, variable resistor VR3 is adjustable, can adopt multiple use pattern from the sharing control schematic diagram of Fig. 1:
(1) fixed resistance, the preceding setting of dispatching from the factory;
(2) adopt linear adjustable resistance, can realize continuous adjusting;
(3) adopt toggle switch, i.e. in parallel behind the resistance series connection toggle switch, can realize the classification adjusting;
(4) adopt digital regulation resistance,, can realize remote adjustment by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system;
(5) adopt relay, promptly in parallel after the resistance series relay, the operating state by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is come control relay can realize remote adjustment.
Another embodiment is, it is module I group (being called for short the AC module) that the power module that adopts three nominals to export 48V/30A meets civil power 220VAC, it is module ii group (being called for short the DC module) that three same power modules meet 110VDC, constitute the described intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications that is provided with coupling circuit with the method for the invention, the two-way input all just often, most load current is provided by the AC module, have only the fraction load current to provide by the DC module, after the power failure, the harmless DC module that switches to of whole load currents is exported.
The partial data of the test of this system is as follows:
From above data as can be seen, when the output current of DC module reached the 5A left and right sides, along with the increase of total load current, the output current increasing degree of its DC module was very slowly, and this situation is just meeting the load curve of Fig. 4.
The present invention also can be applied to the civil power input, UPS exports the occasion as the power module input, and UPS is in light condition in order to protection, and power module can be in the state of effective output again simultaneously.
Claims (9)
1. the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the power supply system for communications comprises step:
A. described each module is split up into power module I group (100) and power module II group (200), with module (101 wherein, 102, ..., 10n) and module (201,202, ..., direct current power output 20m) is in parallel mutually respectively, again with described power module I, II is connected to load after organizing the mutual parallel connection of direct current power output of two groups (100,200), be described power module I simultaneously, II organizes two group (100,200) separately current-sharing holding wire (110,210) is set respectively, this two current-sharings holding wire (110,210) all only connect respectively this same group each blocks current feedback control circuit, and with described each power module between power circuit be not connected;
B., two current-sharing holding wires (110 are set, 210) coupling circuit between (300), in order to distribute two groups of power modules (100 of I, II according to given rule, 200) load, promptly when normal operation, power module II group (200) is only born the fraction load that is not more than set point all the time, and remaining most of load is all born by power module I group (100);
C. all each power modules (101, ..., 10n, 201, ..., 20m) all be provided with oneself output current, Voltage Feedback link, and output voltage, electric current are adjusted actuator, thereby make described each power module output current be subjected to the control of current-sharing holding wire (110,210) above earth potential separately;
The current-sharing holding wire (110) of D. described power module I group (100) is done conventional the application, promptly unsettled over the ground, thereby each module (101 in should organizing, ..., 10n) output current is subjected to this to organize the adjusting of the equal stream information line of each module (110) above earth potential, along with total load increases the weight of and increase more, its output voltage correspondingly shows slightly to be heightened; Current-sharing holding wire (210) above earth potential of described power module II group (200) is clamped at the value of certain setting, its output voltage only has the adjustment of very little scope, when total load increases the weight of, each module in this group (201 ..., 20m) output voltage is constant substantially, and out-put supply also increases seldom naturally, and the major part of total load is all organized each module (101 of (100) by power module I, ..., 10n) bear;
The label of quoting in the above each step, wherein n and m are positive natural number.
2. according to the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the described power supply system for communications of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
When implementing described step B, described coupling circuit (300) is by diode D2 and/or the current-sharing holding wire (110) of D3 link block I group and the current-sharing holding wire (210) of module ii group, described two diode sequences series connection, and the current-sharing holding wire (210) of anode link block II group, thereby current-sharing holding wire (110) current potential can freely be risen, the current potential of current-sharing holding wire (210) then is subjected to clamping down on of current-sharing holding wire (110), simultaneously, described coupling circuit (300) connects one of current-sharing holding wire (210) and rectifies to connecting diode D4 over the ground, the anode that is about to described diode D4 connects current-sharing holding wire (210), makes it clamper a little more than earthy value.
3. according to the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the described power supply system for communications of claim 2, it is characterized in that:
In the described coupling circuit (300), between clamp diode D4 negative electrode and ground, also be in series with adjustable resistance VR3, be used to finely tune the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire (210).
4. according to the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the described power supply system for communications of claim 3, it is characterized in that:
Described coupling circuit (300) is also by resistance R 1 series diode D1, current-sharing holding wire (110) and current-sharing holding wire (210) are coupled together, the negative electrode of described diode D1 connects current-sharing holding wire (210), and the while connects resistance R 2 over the ground, R1＞R2, when the D4-VR3 branch trouble disconnected, R1-D1 and R2 also formed path, and the current potential of assurance current-sharing holding wire (110) can freely rise and also be higher than the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire (210) forever.
5. according to the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the described power supply system for communications of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described each power module (101 ..., 10n, 201 ..., 20m) being switching power unit, it is the pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit that described output voltage, electric current are adjusted actuator.
6. according to the method for each intermodule intelligent equalization load in the described power supply system for communications of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Each module of described power module I group (100) (101 ..., 10n), AC-input voltage and rectification, filter circuit are arranged all.
7. intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications that is provided with coupling circuit has the basic structure of common communications power-supply system, it is characterized in that:
Power module in the described system respectively is divided into power module I group (100) and power module II group (200), with module (101 wherein, 102, ..., 10n) and module (201,202, ..., direct current power output 20m) is in parallel mutually respectively, again with described power module I, II organizes two group (100,200) be connected to load after the mutual parallel connection of direct current power output, be described power module I simultaneously, II organizes two group (100,200) separately current-sharing holding wire (110,210) is set respectively, this two current-sharings holding wire (110,210) all only connect respectively this same group of each module voltage or Current Feedback Control circuit, and with described each source module between power circuit be not connected; Described n and m are positive natural number; At two current-sharing holding wires (110,210) be provided with coupling circuit (300) between, described coupling circuit (300) is by diode D2 and/or the current-sharing holding wire (110) of D3 link block I group and the current-sharing holding wire (210) of module ii group, described two diode sequences series connection, and the current-sharing holding wire (210) of anode link block II group, thereby current-sharing holding wire (110) current potential can freely be risen, the current potential of current-sharing holding wire (210) then is subjected to clamping down on of current-sharing holding wire (110), simultaneously, described coupling circuit (300) connects one of current-sharing holding wire (210) and rectifies to connecting diode D4 over the ground, the anode that is about to described diode D4 connects current-sharing holding wire (210), makes it clamper a little more than earthy value.
8. according to the described intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications that is provided with coupling circuit of claim 8, it is characterized in that:
In the described coupling circuit (300), between clamp diode D4 negative electrode and ground, also be in series with adjustable resistance VR3, be used to finely tune the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire (210).
9. require the described intelligent equalization load power supply system for communications that is provided with coupling circuit according to right 9, it is characterized in that:
Described coupling circuit (300) is also by resistance R 1 series diode D1, current-sharing holding wire (110) and current-sharing holding wire (210) are coupled together, the negative electrode of described diode D1 connects current-sharing holding wire (210), and the while connects resistance R 2 over the ground, R1＞R2, when the D4-VR3 branch trouble disconnected, R1-D1 and R2 also formed path, and the current potential of assurance current-sharing holding wire (110) can freely rise and also be higher than the above earth potential of current-sharing holding wire (210) forever.
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