CN101958070A - Frictional force experiment instrument - Google Patents
Frictional force experiment instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN101958070A CN101958070A CN2009100600298A CN200910060029A CN101958070A CN 101958070 A CN101958070 A CN 101958070A CN 2009100600298 A CN2009100600298 A CN 2009100600298A CN 200910060029 A CN200910060029 A CN 200910060029A CN 101958070 A CN101958070 A CN 101958070A
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- spring
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- horizon bar
- base plate
- thing piece
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Abstract
The invention provides a frictional force experiment instrument, comprising a bottom plate, an object placed on the bottom plate and a spring scale connected with the object through a rope, wherein the spring scale comprises a helical spring and a hollow shell. The frictional force experiment instrument is characterized in that the middle part of the object is provided with a straight hole for the penetration of a horizontal rod and the size of the straight hole should be controlled in a condition that the inner wall of the straight hole cannot make contact with the horizontal rod in the motion process of the object; both the two radial sides of the shell are provided with holes; the shell and the spring penetrate the holes and the horizontal rod penetrating the inner cavity of the spring to be suspended; and the shell is connected with a suspended weight barrel through a rope wound on a pulley. After the structure is adopted, fine weights such as fine sand and the like are considerably added in the weight barrel to pull the object to move at a constant speed, and the experiment can be carried out through changing the rough bottom plate below the object and increasing/decreasing the pressing blocks on the object. The experiment principle of the invention is same as the scheme in the textbook, and the invention has the advantages of simple principle, easy understanding of the students, convenient operation, approximately constant speed of the object and excellent effect.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instruments used for education, relevant with which factor and the friction force experiment instrument how to concern arranged especially for research friction force size.
Background technology
The friction force experiment is the emphasis experiment of junior physics, and the textbook experiment scheme of each version is roughly as follows:
1, the thing piece is placed on the horizontal plank, holds spring balance with hand and make linear uniform motion, write down the spring balance reading, measure thing piece gravity, and data are inserted in the form that designs by rope yarn level pulling thing piece.On rectangular parallelepiped, constantly add the counterweight that gravity is known, experiment above repeating.Can work out when surface roughness is identical relation between friction force size and pressure size.
2, the thing piece is placed on the horizontal plank, holds spring balance with hand and make linear uniform motion, write down the spring balance reading by rope yarn level pulling thing piece.Change the different plank of surface roughness, or the plank that the upper and lower surface degree of roughness is different placements of reversing up and down, repeated experiments writes down the spring balance registration.Can study when pressure is identical relation between friction force size and body surface degree of roughness.
Above-mentioned experimental program principle is simple, student's easy to understand, but in practical operation, want to hold spring and be called uniform motion with hand, it was a pipe dream, the spring balance registration the time when big in the little moment change, be difficult to reading.The teacher needs repeatedly to attempt before operation, repeats, and the change value of spring balance registration is controlled in the proper range (difference is generally 10%-30%), finishes experiment reluctantly, and student's operation is just extremely difficult especially.
So excited teacher's improvement, wherein be: textbook scheme that will original " plank is motionless; spring balance pulling thing piece " than success and the experimental program that obtains promoting, change " spring balance is motionless, do relative motion with pulling moving bottom plank " into, advantage be at the uniform velocity the degree of approximation, and the operation convenience slightly improve, but brought the bigger obstacle in the thinking, the teacher need manage to allow the student understand the relativity of motion, artificially made teaching difficulty, many teachers still select former textbook scheme for use after weighing the advantages and disadvantages.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: provide that a kind of principle is simple, the student is understandable, easy to operate, approximate friction force experiment instrument at the uniform velocity.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of friction force experiment instrument, the spring balance that comprises base plate, is placed on the thing piece on the base plate and is connected with this thing piece by rope yarn, described spring balance comprises spiral spring, reaches the shell of hollow, it is characterized in that: described thing piece middle part has and holds the straight hole that horizon bar passes, and this straight hole size does not touch horizon bar with thing piece its straight hole inwall in motion process and is advisable; Described shell both sides radially all have the hole, and the above-mentioned horizon bar that shell and spring are passed this hole and pass spring intracavity hangs, and shell links to each other with the weight bucket of suspension by the rope yarn on pulley.
After adopting said structure, can in the weight bucket, add graininess weight (as fine sand etc.) as one feels fit, make the weight bucket can pass through rope yarn, the approximate linear uniform motion of spring balance pulling thing piece work, read the spring balance registration at the volley, thereby record the sizes values of friction force.Change the base plate of thing piece below, change the degree of roughness of surface of contact; Increase and decrease is placed on pressurizing block on the thing piece, changing the pressure of thing piece to surface of contact, and repeatedly experiment, it is relevant with which factor and have and how to concern to work out the friction force size.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: experimental principle is identical with the textbook scheme, principle is simple, the student is understandable, the motion of easy to operate, thing piece is near at the uniform velocity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. horizon bar, 2. column, 3. base, 4. thing piece, 5. straight hole, 6. pressurizing block, 71. first rope yarns, 72. second rope yarns, 81. first hook, 82. second hook, 9. hole, 10. pointers, 11. panel, 12. panel slots, 13. shells, 14. pulleys, 15. the weight bucket, 16. particle weights, 17. weights, 18. base plates are (replaceable, be equivalent to the plank in this paper background technology part textbook experiment, but because of being not limited to plank, so rename base plate as).
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be placed with thing piece 4 on the base plate 18, thing piece 4 middle parts have and hold the straight hole 5 that horizon bar 1 passes, the internal diameter in this straight hole 5 should be obviously greater than the external diameter of horizon bar 1, so that thing piece 4 is along the motion of the radial direction (left and right directions among the figure) of horizon bar 1 time, straight hole 5 inwalls of thing piece 1 can not contact with horizon bar 1, and purpose is that the friction force of getting rid of between thing piece 4 and the horizon bar is disturbed.
Thing piece 4 links to each other with spring balance through first rope yarn 71, and the panel 11 that spring balance comprises spiral helicine spring, the pointer that links to each other with spring, be positioned at the hollow shell 13 of spring outside, be plugged on shell 13 outsides constitutes.The radially both sides of shell 13 have and hold the hole 9 that horizon bar 1 passes, and shell and spring are passed this hole 9 and pass horizon bar 1 suspension of spring intracavity.The surface of horizon bar should be smooth, and the internal diameter at hole 9 and the internal diameter of spring intracavity all should be greater than the external diameters of horizon bar 1, so that shell 13 and interior spring thereof can be free to slide along horizon bar.Shell 13 is provided with panel slot 12, panel slot 12 be used to the to peg graft panel 11 of sizes values of indication power, and the length of panel slot 12 with the position of left and right adjusting panel 11 in panel slot 12, makes spring balance pointer nulling before experiment greater than the width of panel 11.
The two ends of horizon bar 1 are fixed on the base 3 by column 2 respectively, and base 3 upper surfaces of two columns, 2 inboards are placed with removable base plate 18; Base plate can have only one, and the degree of roughness of this base plate upper and lower surface should be different, and the upper and lower surface with counter-rotating base plate in experiment changes the degree of roughness with thing piece surface of contact.Perhaps described base plate has several, the surface roughness of each base plate has nothing in common with each other, but the thickness of each base plate should be identical, so that when thing piece 4 is placed on each base plate 8, the inwall in thing piece 4 straight holes 5 can not contact with horizon bar yet, and purpose remains the friction force of getting rid of between thing piece 4 and the horizon bar 1 and disturbs.
One end of base is fixed with pulley 14, be that second rope yarn 72 is arranged on the spring balance shell 13, second rope yarn 72 is hung with weight bucket 15 after walking around pulley 14, can adorn heavy slightly weight 17 and lighter graininess weight 16 in the weight bucket, to be positioned in the weight bucket, convenient total force of regulating weight bucket and interior weight thereof makes the weight bucket to spur spring balance and the approximate linear uniform motion of thing piece work by rope yarn.
For guaranteeing experiment effect, the coboundary of the coboundary of the coboundary of two hole 9 inwalls, spring intracavity wall, horizon bar 1 outer wall should be on the same horizontal linear on the coboundary of pulley 14 grooves, the shell 13.
This experiment instrument should be equipped with several pressurizing block 6, is used to change the pressure size of 4 pairs of base plates 18 of thing piece with the top that is placed on thing piece 4.
Claims (5)
1. friction force experiment instrument, the spring balance that comprises base plate, is placed on the thing piece on the base plate and is connected with this thing piece by rope yarn, described spring balance comprises spiral spring, reaches the shell of hollow, it is characterized in that: described thing piece middle part has and holds the straight hole that horizon bar passes, and this straight hole size does not touch horizon bar with thing piece its straight hole inwall in motion process and is advisable; Described shell both sides radially all have the hole, and the above-mentioned horizon bar that shell and spring are passed this hole and pass spring intracavity hangs, and shell links to each other with the weight bucket of suspension by the rope yarn on pulley.
2. friction force experiment instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the two ends of described horizon bar are fixed on the base by column respectively, and the base upper surface of described two column inboards is placed with removable base plate; Described base plate is one, the degree of roughness difference of this base plate upper and lower surface, perhaps described base plate has several, the surface roughness difference of each base plate but thickness is identical, so that when the thing piece was placed on the radial direction motion that reaches on the base plate at base plate upper edge horizon bar, the straight hole inwall of thing piece can not contact with horizon bar; The inner chamber internal diameter of the internal diameter at hole and spring is all greater than the horizon bar external diameter, so that this shell and inner spring thereof can move along horizon bar on the described shell.
3. friction force experiment instrument as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described pulley is fixed on an end of base, and the upper edge of the outer wall of the coboundary of the coboundary of two hole inwalls, spring intracavity wall, horizon bar is on same horizontal linear on the coboundary of described pulley groove, the shell.
4. friction force experiment instrument as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described shell is provided with panel slot, is plugged with the panel of the sizes values of indication power in the described panel slot.
5. friction force experiment instrument as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: this experiment instrument be equipped with pressurizing block several, be placed on thing piece top to change the size of thing piece to Bottom Pressure, weight and graininess weight that this experiment instrument is equipped with gravity not wait are with convenient index power of regulating the weight bucket to the thing piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100600298A CN101958070A (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2009-07-17 | Frictional force experiment instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100600298A CN101958070A (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2009-07-17 | Frictional force experiment instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101958070A true CN101958070A (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100600298A Pending CN101958070A (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2009-07-17 | Frictional force experiment instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101958070A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103310686A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-18 | 河南工业职业技术学院 | Friction experiment device |
| CN105489091A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-13 | 上海电机学院 | Horizontal loading-unloading experimental apparatus and method |
| CN112002193A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-27 | 张恩赫 | Student is with physics experiment frictional force testing arrangement |
-
2009
- 2009-07-17 CN CN2009100600298A patent/CN101958070A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103310686A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-18 | 河南工业职业技术学院 | Friction experiment device |
| CN105489091A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-13 | 上海电机学院 | Horizontal loading-unloading experimental apparatus and method |
| CN112002193A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-27 | 张恩赫 | Student is with physics experiment frictional force testing arrangement |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20110126 |