CN101957243B - High-precision temperature measuring device and method - Google Patents
High-precision temperature measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101957243B CN101957243B CN2009100889486A CN200910088948A CN101957243B CN 101957243 B CN101957243 B CN 101957243B CN 2009100889486 A CN2009100889486 A CN 2009100889486A CN 200910088948 A CN200910088948 A CN 200910088948A CN 101957243 B CN101957243 B CN 101957243B
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision temperature measuring device and a high-precision temperature measuring method. The device comprises a low-drift voltage reference circuit part, an isolation circuit measuring part, a platinum resistor temperature sensor and a precision instrument amplifying circuit part, wherein the low-drift voltage reference circuit part consists of a high-precision voltage reference and a vernier slide rheostat and provides low-drift reference voltage for the isolation circuit measuring part; the isolation circuit measuring part consists of a high-precision amplifier and a precision resistor and is used for providing a constant flow source for the platinum resistor temperature sensor; the platinum resistor temperature sensor adopts a four-wire system connecting method, wherein two wires are connected to the isolation circuit measuring part to serve as power leads and the other two wires are connected to the precision instrument amplifying circuit part to serve as sensing leads; and the precision instrument amplifying circuit part consists of a precision instrument amplifier and a precision resistor and controls the gain of the precision instrument amplifier by changing the resistance of the precision resistor. The high-precision temperature measuring device and the high-precision temperature measuring method have the advantage of implementing high-precision four-wire system temperature measurement of the platinum resistor temperature sensor through the precision instrument amplifier, and are applied in the field of precision temperature measurement with the advantages of low cost, high precision and high stability and consistency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of temperature measuring equipment, particularly a kind of RTD that utilizes carries out thermometric high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of four-wire system and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Platinum resistance temperature sensor is to utilize the resistance value of metal platinum can be different and this physical characteristics of respective change takes place carry out temperature survey along with temperature height; Has good reappearance and stability; And temperature range is wide; Can reach-200～650 ℃; Be widely used in industrial thermometric and Aero-Space precision temperature field of measurement, and be made into standard thermometer and supply metering and calibration to use, therefore the temperature measuring equipment to platinum resistance temperature sensor requires it to have characteristics such as high precision, high stability and multichannel consistance.
Present most RTD temperature measuring equipment adopts two-wire system unbalanced bridge technology, supplies power through voltage source.The shortcoming that adopts this two-wire system temp measuring method to design is the output voltage values that RTD voltage and the lead-in wire voltage that is connected RTD constitute platinum resistance temperature sensor jointly; Because the additive error that conductor resistance brings makes that the actual measurement magnitude of voltage is higher; Therefore this measurement mechanism lead is unsuitable long, and can only be used for the less demanding occasion of temperature measurement accuracy.
At present a kind of improved RTD temperature measuring equipment adopts three-wire system unbalanced bridge technology; With the arm resistance of RTD as electric bridge, each connects two lead-in wires of RTD respectively the brachium pontis two ends, and an other lead-in wire of RTD is connected to voltage measuring apparatus; Eliminated the lead resistance errors caused like this; But this electric bridge is necessary for congruent arm electric bridge, and three sectional area of wire of drawing and identical length with, otherwise can not eliminate the influence of conductor resistance fully.
At present another kind of improved RTD temperature measuring equipment adopts the four-wire system measuring technique; Two lead-in wires of RTD provide steady current; Through other two voltage drops that lead-in wire is measured the RTD two ends, realize voltage measurement to the RTD two ends through one-level differential amplifier circuit and the single bipolar switching amplifier of one-level.This method has been eliminated the error that the RTD lead-in wire brings fully; But being three amplifier cascades, shortcoming cause measuring accuracy to be difficult to control; Input voltage offset amount and input noise have been increased; And adopt three precision operational-amplifiers to increase circuit cost and circuit area, and the multichannel consistance is bad.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned three kinds of problems that general temperature measuring equipment exists; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism and measuring method thereof; Realized high precision four-wire system temperature survey through the precision instrument amplifier, be applicable to the precision temperature field of measurement of low cost, high precision, stability and high conformity platinum resistance temperature sensor.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism, comprising: low drift voltage reference circuit part, measurement buffer circuit part, platinum resistance temperature sensor and precision instrument amplification circuits.
Said low drift voltage reference circuit part is made up of high-precision voltage reference and fine setting slide rheostat, and for said measurement buffer circuit partly provides the low reference voltage that drifts about, voltage drift is lower than 10 * 10
-6/ ℃;
Said measurement buffer circuit part is made up of near zero high-precision amplifying and precision resistance high-gain and bucking voltage, is used to platinum resistance temperature sensor constant current source is provided;
Said platinum resistance temperature sensor adopts four-wire system to connect method, and wherein, two lead resistances are connected to said measurement buffer circuit part as the power lead-in wire, and other two lead resistances are connected to the precision instrument amplification circuits as sense leads;
Said precision instrument amplification circuits; Form by precision instrument amplifier and precision resistance; Two sense leads of platinum resistance temperature sensor are connected to said precision instrument amplifier, through changing precision resistance resistance, i.e. may command precision instrument Amplifier Gain.Here, the input impedance of said precision instrument amplifier requires enough high, guarantees that input end does not have electric current to flow through.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of measuring method of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism, comprises the steps:
1) will hang down drift voltage reference circuit part, measure buffer circuit part, platinum resistance temperature sensor and after the precision instrument amplification circuits is connected, measure the precision instrument amplifier voltage output voltage V out that constitutes said precision instrument amplification circuits;
2), calculate the voltage at platinum resistance temperature sensor two ends: V=Vout/G according to said precision instrument Amplifier Gain G;
3) calculate the resistance Rt=V/I of platinum resistance temperature sensor through Ohm law, wherein, I is the constant current source electric current, divides kilsyth basalt to obtain the precise dose value through the resistance of inquiry platinum resistance temperature sensor and the relation of temperature then.
Here; Because platinum resistance temperature sensor is series in the constant current source through two power lead-in wires; Therefore current constant can obtain the resistance of platinum resistance temperature sensor through Ohm law, again since the resistance of platinum resistance temperature sensor change with temperature variation; Divide kilsyth basalt through the resistance of inquiry platinum resistance temperature sensor and the relation of temperature, can obtain the precise dose value.
The beneficial effect of a kind of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention and measuring method is: the precision temperature field of measurement that is applicable to low cost, high precision, stability and high conformity.In order to satisfy many-sided demand; Three kinds of general temperature measuring equipments have been carried out optimizing the improvement design; Realized high precision four-wire system temperature survey through the precision instrument amplifier to platinum resistance temperature sensor; Make the precision of this temperature measuring equipment higher, stability and multichannel consistance be better, and reduced cost, range of application is more extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electrical connection synoptic diagram of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the measuring method of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiments a kind of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention and measuring method thereof are carried out detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of expression a kind of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention mainly is made up of low drift voltage reference circuit part, measurement buffer circuit part, platinum resistance temperature sensor and precision instrument amplification circuits.
Low drift voltage reference circuit part is made up of high-precision voltage reference and fine setting slide rheostat, and the reference voltage of low drift is provided for said measurement buffer circuit;
Measure the buffer circuit part, form near zero high-precision amplifying and precision resistance, be used to platinum resistance temperature sensor constant current source is provided by high-gain and bucking voltage;
Platinum resistance temperature sensor adopts four-wire system to connect method, and wherein, two lead resistances are connected to said measurement buffer circuit and go between as power, and the two other lead resistance is connected to the precision instrument amplifying circuit as sense leads.
The precision instrument amplification circuits is made up of precision instrument amplifier and precision resistance, and two sense leads of platinum resistance temperature sensor are connected to the precision instrument amplifier, through changing precision resistance resistance, i.e. may command precision instrument Amplifier Gain.Here, the input impedance of precision instrument amplifier requires enough high, guarantees that input end does not have electric current to flow through.
Fig. 2 is the electrical connection synoptic diagram that constitutes a kind of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, low drift voltage reference circuit part is made up of high-precision voltage reference and fine setting slide rheostat, guarantees that voltage drift is no more than 10 * 10
-6/ ℃.Measure buffer circuit and partly be made up of near zero high-precision amplifying and precision resistance R1, R2 high-gain and bucking voltage, low drift voltage reference circuit provides constant current source for platinum resistance temperature sensor Rt jointly with the measurement buffer circuit.
In addition, this high-precision temperature measurement mechanism adopts the four-wire system platinum resistor temperature measuring; Rx1, RX2, Rx3, Rx4 are four lead resistances of platinum resistance temperature sensor; Wherein, Rx1 and Rx3 belong to the power lead-in wire, are responsible for platinum resistance temperature sensor is connected to constant current source; Rx2 and Rx4 belong to sense leads, are responsible for the voltage of resistance temperature detector is connected to the precision instrument amplifier.Like this can be separately with the constant-current supply of being responsible for driving platinum resistance temperature sensor and temperature measurement circuit; Because the input impedance of precision instrument amplifier is enough high; Be that input end does not have electric current to flow through, then A, B voltage are platinum resistance temperature sensor Rt voltage, and be irrelevant with lead resistance Rx2 and Rx4; Even the accuracy that pressure drop can not influence measuring voltage yet appears in Rx1 and Rx3 lead resistance, temperature measurement accuracy reaches below 0.1 ℃.
The precision instrument amplification circuits is made up of precision instrument amplifier and precision resistance Rg, through changing the resistance of precision resistance Rg, i.e. may command precision instrument Amplifier Gain.Why the present invention adopts the precision instrument amplifying circuit to replace the combination of existing differential amplifier circuit and single bipolar switching amplifier; Mainly be because basic differential amplifier circuit precision is relatively poor; And differential amplifier circuit is when the change gain amplifier; Need regulate the resistance of two differential amplifiers simultaneously, cause its degree of accuracy to be difficult to control.Simultaneously; The existing amplifying circuit of forming jointly by three amplifiers; Because the common input of the output of two differential amplifiers as the single bipolar switching amplifier of back one-level; Cause input voltage offset and input noise be the precision instrument amplifier
doubly; Therefore, the present invention adopts the precision instrument amplifier that the RTD voltage is measured amplification, has not only saved device; Reduce circuit area, and practiced thrift circuit cost.
In addition, Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the measuring method of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention, and is as shown in Figure 3, and the measuring method of high-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) will hang down drift voltage reference circuit part, measure buffer circuit part, platinum resistance temperature sensor and after the precision instrument amplification circuits is connected, measure the precision instrument amplifier voltage output voltage V out that constitutes said precision instrument amplification circuits;
2), calculate the voltage at platinum resistance temperature sensor two ends: V=Vout/G according to said precision instrument Amplifier Gain G;
3) calculate the resistance Rt=V/I of platinum resistance temperature sensor through Ohm law, wherein, I is the constant current source electric current, divides kilsyth basalt to obtain the precise dose value through the resistance of inquiry platinum resistance temperature sensor and the relation of temperature then.
Here; Because platinum resistance temperature sensor is series in the constant current source through two power lead-in wires; Therefore current constant can obtain the resistance of platinum resistance temperature sensor through Ohm law, so since the resistance of platinum resistance temperature sensor change with temperature variation; Divide kilsyth basalt through the resistance of inquiry platinum resistance temperature sensor and the relation of temperature, can obtain the precise dose value.
In sum; High-precision temperature measurement mechanism of the present invention has not only overcome the measuring error that is caused by lead resistance in two-wire system and the three-wire system unbalance bridge circuit in the past, defective such as remedied also that the self-control differential amplifier circuit is difficult with the precision control that single hit and dblclick switching amplifier cascade causes, input voltage offset and input noise are big.The present invention carries out the four-wire system thermometric through the precision instrument amplifying circuit to platinum resistance temperature sensor; Have higher precision, better stability and multichannel consistance; It is a kind of temperature measuring equipment with optimal design of novelty; Satisfied the needs that high-precision temperature is measured, used very extensively.
Claims (4)
1. a high-precision temperature measurement mechanism is characterized in that, comprising: low drift voltage reference circuit part, measurement buffer circuit part, platinum resistance temperature sensor and precision instrument amplification circuits,
Said low drift voltage reference circuit part is made up of high-precision voltage reference and fine setting slide rheostat, and the reference voltage of low drift partly is provided for said measurement buffer circuit;
Said measurement buffer circuit part is made up of near zero high-precision amplifying and precision resistance high-gain and bucking voltage, is used to platinum resistance temperature sensor constant current source is provided;
Said platinum resistance temperature sensor adopts four-wire system to connect method, and wherein, two lead resistances are connected to said measurement buffer circuit part as the power lead-in wire, and the two other lead resistance is connected to the precision instrument amplification circuits as sense leads;
Said precision instrument amplification circuits; Form by precision instrument amplifier and precision resistance; Two sense leads of platinum resistance temperature sensor are connected to said precision instrument amplifier,, control the precision instrument Amplifier Gain through changing the precision resistance resistance.
2. high-precision temperature measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the drift of the reference voltage that said low drift voltage reference circuit partly provides is lower than 10 * 10
-6/ ℃.
3. high-precision temperature measurement mechanism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the input impedance of said precision instrument amplifier is enough high, guarantees that input end does not have electric current to flow through.
4. the measuring method of a high-precision temperature measurement mechanism is characterized in that, is the measuring method of any described high-precision temperature measurement mechanism in the said claim 1～3, comprises the steps:
1) will hang down drift voltage reference circuit part, measure buffer circuit part, platinum resistance temperature sensor and after the precision instrument amplification circuits is connected, measure the precision instrument amplifier voltage output voltage V out that constitutes said precision instrument amplification circuits;
2), calculate the voltage at platinum resistance temperature sensor two ends: V=Vout/G according to said precision instrument Amplifier Gain G;
3) calculate the resistance Rt=V/I of platinum resistance temperature sensor through Ohm law, wherein, I is the constant current source electric current, divides kilsyth basalt to obtain the precise dose value through the resistance of inquiry platinum resistance temperature sensor and the relation of temperature then.
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| CN2009100889486A CN101957243B (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2009-07-14 | High-precision temperature measuring device and method |
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| CN2009100889486A CN101957243B (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2009-07-14 | High-precision temperature measuring device and method |
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| CN101957243A CN101957243A (en) | 2011-01-26 |
| CN101957243B true CN101957243B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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| CN102519619A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Conditioning method of platinum resistance temperature sensor |
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| CN102661816A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-09-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Liquid nitrogen temperature continuously and automatically measuring device |
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| CN105784168A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-20 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Temperature transmitter |
| CN106092361A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of temperature sampling circuit |
| CN109375291B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-12-27 | 成都信息工程大学 | Temperature, air pressure and humidity measuring device and method suitable for sonde |
| CN110333002A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-15 | 青岛航天半导体研究所有限公司 | Platinum resistance temperature sensor isolating amplifier circuit and adjustment method |
| CN111141406B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-06-02 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | PT100 temperature measurement system and temperature measurement method |
| CN112013982A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-01 | 济南南知信息科技有限公司 | Embedded platinum galvanic couple sensor |
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