Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is exactly the deficiency to above-mentioned prior art, and provides a kind of both anti-dry combustion method to avoid the full-automatic water drinking machine of repeated heating.
The present invention provides a kind of full-automatic water drinking machine, by power circuit, and heating container; Heater circuit and control circuit are formed, and heating container is provided with water inlet and delivery port, and has switch respectively; In heating container, also be provided with high water level, three electrodes of low water level and signal source; Control circuit produces control signal through being arranged on the signal of the said electrode on the heating container, thereby controls the corresponding function of said water dispenser; When the water level in the said heating container was lower than low water level electrode, control signal control water inlet added in heating is irritated without this water dispenser heating or treated water; When the water level in the said heating container was higher than high water level electrode, control signal control water inlet stopped to add water, and controls said heater circuit the water in the said heating container is heated; When the water in the said heating container reached predefined temperature, control circuit was controlled said heater circuit and is stopped heating.
The delivery port of said heating container is arranged on the bottom of heating container, is provided with entering water electromagnetic valve at its water inlet, and whether entering water electromagnetic valve is controlled to adding water in the heating container.
Control circuit is provided with sampling and sampling hold circuit, voltage comparator circuit, executive circuit; Sample circuit obtains sampled signal from said electrode; And sampled signal is sent to voltage comparator circuit; Voltage comparator circuit produces control signal according to the voltage comparative result, by executive circuit this water dispenser is controlled.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is:
1, adopt common water dispenser simple in structure, the advantage that cost is low, continuation is adopted the parts such as " smart seat " water route of such water dispenser and is not changed.Heating tank (claiming hot courage again) continues to adopt, but does following change: cooling water inlet adds an entering water electromagnetic valve, and hot water outlet is moved to hot jar bottom by the top of heat jar; On the heat jar, add high water level, low water level, three electrodes of signal source.
2, set up a control box that the control system is housed.The function of the control system in this box with the principle that realizes function is:
It is sensed signal sources that 2-1 adopts the 50HZ alternating current of municipal power transmission network.
The 2-2 detection signal is by in interlock circuit and the signal source electrode input heat jar.
2-3 is the on-off switch of the water in the heat jar as signal source, and when water logging there was not related electrode, signal source and this electrode were connected; Otherwise when related electrode surfaced, signal source was just broken off with this electrode.
2-4 is different with conventional step-down, rectification circuit; Step-down rectifying circuit among the present invention had both been born conventional step-down, rectification, voltage stabilizing, pressed for subsequent conditioning circuit provides galvanic current; Bear step-down again and 50HZ is provided AC signal, for signal electrode provides the test signal to personal safety.
The 2-5 native system is provided with sampling and sampling hold circuit, voltage comparator circuit, executive circuit.When high water level electrode surfaced, voltage comparator circuit was seen low level off, and executive circuit is then connected 220V power supply and entering water electromagnetic valve, and the heat jar begins water inlet.When water level arrives high water level, executive circuit is ordered entering water electromagnetic valve to stop into water on the one hand and is ordered electrothermal tube energising heating, orders again on the other hand in the low water level electrode entering system.Low water level electrode has entering system and detachment system two states.This two states is controlled by executive circuit.
2-6 is the same with common water dispenser, and the present invention is provided with a temperature controller to reset certainly only on heat jar shell.Receive a mandate energising heating of electrothermal tube, when water temperature arrives design temperature (for example 95 ℃ time), the temperature controller tripping; The electrothermal tube outage, executive circuit is then ordered the hot water electromagnetic valve to switch on and is put hot water, and heating power supply is broken off; Temperature controller has just lost the heating control; No matter it connects still and breaks off afterwards, and electrothermal tube can not heat once more, and this has just been avoided the problem of repeated heating one-tenth " thousand boiling water ".
2-7 is after the hot water that has heated in the heat jar flows out fully, and when low water level electrode surfaced, system resetted, and was returned to the low water level electrode detachment system, the original state of entering water electromagnetic valve energising water inlet.
2-8 the present invention also allows not establish the hot water electromagnetic valve, establishes ordinary faucet and puts hot water and change.When using ordinary faucet instead and putting hot water, rule of the present invention is: the hot water that had burnt once in the heat jar does not drain, and cold water neither advances in system, also energising heating for the second time.When adopting the hot water electromagnetic valve to put hot water, rule of the present invention is: water temperature does not reach design temperature, and the hot water valve refusal discharges water, and hot water does not drain, electrothermal tube refusal secondary energising heating, and water intaking valve is refused into cold water.
The further technical measures of 2-9 the present invention do, with the duty and the indication of double as power supply of water inlet, heating, three indicator lamp indication mechanisms of hot water.Behind the power connection, at any time, a lamp is always arranged and must only have a lamp bright.When system intake, the water inlet lamp was bright, and other two go out; Corresponding with it, when the electrothermal tube energising of system was heated, only heating lamp was bright; When the water temperature in the heat jar arrived design temperature, only the hot water lamp was bright, and three lamps go out entirely, show that power supply access failure or power switch break off.
2-10 the present invention more further technical measures be: system is provided with the interchange balancing circuitry, and the electric current that flows in the water is an alternating current, can guarantee the electrode non-scaling, and galvano-cautery does not take place, and then guarantees that the water dispenser long-term stability moves reliably.
2-11 the present invention technical measures further are: sample circuit of the present invention is provided with the threshold resistance of high class value, and can guarantee can both operate as normal when water dispenser uses light water or GB17323-1998 bottled purified water for drinking.In the time of can guaranteeing that also heat jar connects or do not connect protection ground wire (being the E line in the municipal electrical network) and exchanges L line, the N line transposition of input, but also operate as normal all of system.
Rule of the present invention is: the first, and water is canful not, then water inlet automatically; Begin the energising heating during water canful, promptly anti-dry combustion method function; The second, the hot water that has burnt does not drain, and the function of burning is repeatedly promptly exempted from refusal energising heating once more; The 3rd, hot water does not drain, and cold water is refused into, guarantees that the hot water or cold water does not mix.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.But be to be understood that the explanation does not here constitute the restriction to protection domain of the present invention.
The control principle of first embodiment of the invention such as Fig. 1, structure and wiring are as shown in Figure 2.
In Fig. 1, R
1//C
1, R
2//C
2Form AC220V dual-port symmetry decompression network.Why the present invention adopts this symmetrical decompression network, is to consider that water dispenser is all household appliances of usefulness of huge numbers of families, and the L of AC220V end, N termination go into to be can not to require the user to connect L end or N end by regulation at random.After adopting above-mentioned dual-port symmetry decompression network; No matter which root connects L end or N end to two input lines of AC220V, and the present invention all can pass through above network, for late-class circuit provides the operating voltage to personal safety; Simultaneously, also for adopting circuit that safe AC signal is provided.
D
1-D
4Form the power supply bridge rectifier, R
15, C
3, C
4Form power supply voltage stabilizing and filter circuit, their actings in conjunction provide the galvanic current source for the back utmost point.The back will be told about, and power rectifier circuit still is the important composition unit of test circuit, bear the channeling of linking up test signal.
High water level electrode 102, low water level electrode 103, signal source electrode 106, R
9, D
6, C
5, C
6Signal sampling and holding circuit have been formed.When the water level in the heat jars 100 arrives high water level G and AC200V and is negative half period, signal code I
1By sampling and logical: N → R by following path flow
2//C
2→ R
0→ signal source electrode 106 → water → high water level electrode 102 → R
9→ D
6→ C
5//C
6(sampling keeps) → R
7→ R
8→ wiring board ground ⊥ → D
4→ R
1//C
1→ K switch → L
Signal code I
1At R
8Two ends produce the needed voltage V of control
3(for simplifying, K switch has been ignored in the narration of back).
Because D
6Unidirectional on state characteristic, when the positive half cycle of AC220V, I
1=0, but because C
5//C
6Effect, sampled signal still is held or remembers, V
3Exist.
If do not take other measure, so, the electric current that circulates in the water is a DC current, and signal source electrode 106 will be by galvano-cautery, and high water level electrode 102, low water level electrode 103 are with fouling, and system will be difficult to long-term stability and work reliably.Be head it off, the present invention is provided with " interchange balancing circuitry ".
Described interchange balancing circuitry is by exchanging balance diode D
7, the threshold resistance R
9And relevant electrode is formed.At I
1Between=0 interchange positive half period, the D that flows through shown in Figure 1
7Interchange balanced balanced current I
2Logical by following path flow:
I
1With I
2Though circulation path slightly different, the threshold resistance R
9Be high resistance measurement, in the present invention, be the microampere order electric current, their value is mainly by the threshold resistance R
9Decision, so I
1, I
2Numerical approximation is equal, and is in the opposite direction, as if being lumped together, they are drawn on the same number axis, and then be 50HZ simple sinusoidal alternating current shown in Figure 3.Therefore, the electric current that flows in the water of heat jar is the 50HZ simple sinusoidal alternating current, and related electrode does not produce galvano-cautery or non-scaling.
If L end, the N of the interchange input port of Fig. 1 are held exchange,, can draw I with above-mentioned same methods analyst
1, I
2Numerical approximation equates that conclusion in the opposite direction is still set up.But this moment, I
1Become and exchange positive half cycle circulation, I
2Change into and exchange the negative half period circulation.Therefore, when the interchange input port of water dispenser L end, when the N end exchanges, the present invention still can produce control voltage V
3
When heat of the present invention jars 100 was connected with the earth, according to the mode of connection of municipal power transmission network, the shell that is equivalent to heat jar was held with interchange N through the earth and has been connected.Under this state, as shown in Figure 1, can know: N → R
2//C
2→ R
0The electric current of → signal source electrode 106 → water → heat jar this paths of 100 → the earth E → N is zero, and signal source electrode 106 has been lost the ability of transmitted test signal, is equal to not exist.The task of transmitted test signal is born by the shell of heat jar 100.In the case, when exchanging negative half period, D
7End I
2=0, I then
1Logical by following path flow:
N → the earth → heat jar 100 shells → water → high water level electrode 102 → R
9→ D
6→ R
7→ R
8→ wiring board ground ⊥ → D
4→ R
1//C
1→ L.
When exchanging positive half cycle, D
6End I
1=0, I
2Circulate by following path:
Because I
1Be the electric current of microampere order, when it flows through interlock circuit, can not disturb the normal function of these circuit.
Because I
1, I
2Numerical value mainly by the threshold resistance R
9Decision, so under the situation of aforementioned hot jar 100 ground connection, I
1, I
2The size approximately equal, conclusion in the opposite direction is still set up, control voltage V
3Still can produce.
Outer shell joint the earth when heat jar 100; When the L of interchange input port shown in Figure 1, the exchange of N end, there are one and the irrelevant alternating current of control signal to circulate on
this path.As long as selected suitable R
0Resistance, this one alternating current just can not produce control action of the present invention and disturb, just as I
2Flow can to interlock circuit produce disturb the same.At this moment, signal source electrode 106 does not corrode, non-scaling, but it has lost the function of transmitted test signal.This function changes by heat jar 100 shells to be born.
Under above-mentioned situation, signal code I
1Circulate by following path: N → the earth → heat jar 100 shells → water → high water level electrode 102 → R
9→ D
6→ R
7→ R
8→ wiring board ground ⊥ → D
3→ R
2//C
2→ L.
Exchange balanced balanced current I
2Then by the circulation of following path:
I
1, I
2Numerical approximation equates, and is in the opposite direction.
So far, we can draw two conclusions: the first, and water dispenser can run into following four kinds of situation after arriving the user:
Though 1, heat jar 100 shells are connected with the E line of core electric power plug, user's socket does not connect the E line, and instant heating jar shell does not connect the earth, and the user exchanges L, N line by shown in Figure 1 connecing;
2, a heat jar shell does not connect the earth, and the wiring of user's socket and L shown in Figure 1, N line just in time exchange;
3, the heat jar earthing of casing, the L of user's socket, N line are consistent with Fig. 1;
4, the heat jar earthing of casing, the L of user's socket, N line and Fig. 1 are not inconsistent, and just in time exchange.To above four kinds of situation, done analysis, under these four kinds of situation, the present invention all can produce the needed control voltage of automatic control V
3
The second, to sum up to analyze and can know, the water in the heat jar 100 has played the on-off action of connecting test signal, has only water logging to be less than related electrode, signal code I
1Just can produce or circulate.
Voltage comparator ic
1, triode V
1, relay J
1, J
3, J
4And the attached device mutual group of these parts has become the executive circuit of native system.
Described voltage comparator ic
1Port 2 meet comparative voltage V
2, port 3 meets signal voltage V
3Work as V
3>V
2The time, its port one output high level; Otherwise, work as V
3<V
2The time, the output low level of port one.
Described relay J
1K is arranged
1, K
2Two groups of contacts.First group of contact K
1Be used to control the state of low water level electrode 103, work as K
1Normally opened contact when closed, low water level electrode 103 entering systems; Otherwise, work as K
1Normally opened contact when closed, low water level electrode 103 logs off.Second group of contact K
2Be used for control relay J
3Line bag power supply.Work as K
2During disconnection, J
3Line bag dead electricity, its normally-closed contact K
O3With K
3Connect entering water electromagnetic valve DF
1Must establish by cable and open, thermotropism jar 100 injects cold water; Work as K
2During connection, J
3Line Bao Dedian, its normally opened contact K
33With K
3Connect electrothermal tube R
LThe energising heating; Simultaneously, normally-closed contact K
O3With K
3Break off, the magnetic valve dead electricity is closed, and cold water stops to inject the heat jar.
When electrothermal tube energising heating, voltage V shown in Figure 1
4Be zero, relay J
4Line Bao Wudian, its normally-closed contact K
04With K
4Be on-state.
When the water temperature in the heat jar rose to design temperature, the contact of temperature controller 101 was broken off, voltage V
4Rise sharply to high level, voltage is near AC220V, relay J
4Line Bao Dedian, its normally opened contact K
44With K
4Connect, the hot water electromagnetic valve must establish by cable to open and put hot water.
Relay J
3, J
4Line bag voltage both can adopt alternating current 220V, also can adopt as shown in Figure 1 through the RC network step-down, the DC voltage of rectifier bridge rectification.Native system preferentially adopts a kind of scheme in back.
This control system divides three steps to accomplish the Automatic Control to water dispenser:
One, advance cold water, the anti-dry step:
Power switch K is closed, and system starts working.If the water level in the heat jar is lower than high water level G, then signal code I
1=0, control voltage V
3=0, voltage comparator ic
1Output low level, V
1End J
1Line bag no current, K
1, K
2Be in the state of disconnection, relay J
3Line Bao Wudian, normally-closed contact K
O3With K
3Connect entering water electromagnetic valve DF
1Must establish by cable and open, cold water injects the heat jar.At this moment, electrothermal tube is because K
33With K
3Be in the state of disconnection, thereby do not have electricity, the function of anti-dry combustion method is achieved.
As long as water level does not reach high water level G, system keeps K always
3With K
O3Connect entering water electromagnetic valve DF
1The energising water inlet, electrothermal tube R
LThere is not the original state that electricity does not heat.
Two, cold water is full, electrothermal tube energising heating steps:
Along with the continuous injection of cold water, heat jar 100 is filled water gradually, and promptly water level arrives high water level G gradually, at this moment, and signal code I
1, exchange balanced balanced current I
2Go into circulation V
3>V
2Condition maturity, voltage comparator ic
1The output high level.V
1Conducting, J
1Line Bao Dedian, K
1Closure, low water level electrode 103 entering systems, K
2Also closed, J
3Line Bao Dedian, K
3With K
O3Break off entering water electromagnetic valve DF
1Close because of dead electricity, water inlet stops, K
3With K
33Connect electrothermal tube R
LBegin the energising heating.
Three, water temperature arrives design temperature, exempts to burn repeatedly the function on step:
Because electrothermal tube R
LEnergising adds, and water temperature raises gradually, when arriving design temperature, and temperature controller 101 trippings, electrothermal tube R
LStop heating, voltage V
4Rise sharply near AC220V relay J
4Line Bao Dedian, its normally opened contact K
4With K
O4Break off, with K
44Connect, hot water begins to emit.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, water dispenser is emitted hot water has automatic, manual two kinds of forms:
1, automatic form: K
4With K
44After the connection, hot water electromagnetic valve DF
2Energising is opened, and hot water is progressively emitted.In this stage, owing to flow through magnetic valve and flow through J
4The electric current of line bag is a milliampere level electric current.Therefore at electrothermal tube R
LThe power of last generation and pressure drop can be ignored.
Along with the carrying out that discharges water, the water level in the heat jar descends gradually because low water level electrode 102 has got into system this moment, even so water level reduce to below the high water level G because low water level electrode 102 has been linked up signal circuit, therefore, I
1Circulation, V
3>V
2Condition still keep, system still keeps entering water electromagnetic valve to close, electrothermal tube R
LStop heated condition, system exempts to burn repeatedly, prevents that the function of emitting cold and hot mixing water also is achieved.
When hot water drains, when promptly water level was lower than low water level D, system resetted, and entering water electromagnetic valve must be established Qi Jinshui by cable again.
2, manual form: replace hot water electromagnetic valve DF with tap shown in Figure 2 109
2Put hot water.System's control procedure in the case is:
1. temperature controller 101 tripping when water temperature arrives design temperature, electrothermal tube stops heating, J
4Line Bao Dedian, K
4With K
44Connect, the hot water indicating device starts.Said hot water indicating device can be a light, and promptly lamp can be a sound, and for example buzzer also can be that sound, light are indicated simultaneously.The present invention preferentially adopts the lamp indication.
2. the user is if in time drain hot water, and the control procedure of system is as good as with the control procedure that automatic form discharges water.
3. the user is as if untimely putting hot water, even hot water is cooled to room temperature gradually, temperature controller 101 is closed again, and system also refuses to heat once more, and hot water indicator lamp LED
3Still bright.In the case, the user then only needs by button AN, i.e. a J if hope that energising is heated up water once more
4Reset the electrothermal tube heating of switching on once more.If do not establish button AN, the user only need be closed the primary power source K switch, also can realize the step that water is reheated.
The structure and the mode of connection of present embodiment are as shown in Figure 2: temperature controller 101 is equipped with in the side of heat jar 100, and high water level electrode 102 is equipped with at the top, low water level electrode 103.The appearance of these two electrodes all is surrounded by insulating barrier 104, and the top of heat jar 100 also is provided with the cold water water inlet and the dual-purpose interface 105 of ventilating, and interface 105 is connected with threeway 110, threeway 110 1 arms and entering water electromagnetic valve DF
1Join, the other end of entering water electromagnetic valve is connected with the bucket of water dispenser.Another arm of threeway 110 is connected with permeability cell.Signal source electrode 106 is equipped with in the bottom of heat jar 100, and the appearance of described signal source electrode also is surrounded by insulating barrier 104, and its top height C is lower than low water level electrode D, electrothermal tube R
LBe contained in the bottom of heat jars 100, the bottom of heat jars 100 also is provided with hot water outlet 108, this hot water outlet 108 or with hot water electromagnetic valve DF
2Be connected, or be connected with tap 109.
Control system shown in Figure 1 is housed in the control box 200, and control box 200 is connected with each function element through lead.Power switch K, button AN, water inlet indicator lamp LED
1, burner on light LED
2, hot water indicator lamp LED
3Can be installed on the panel or side plate of water dispenser by requirement attractive in appearance, not shown among Fig. 2.
Said control box 200 also can be a printed substrate that has interface unit.
The control system of second embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 5, and structure and mode of connection are as shown in Figure 4.
The operation principle of present embodiment is identical with first embodiment with control procedure, and different has following several respects:
1, temperature controller 101 changes into and is used to control IGCT V
S1Break-make, V
S1Be connected on the heating major loop.The purpose of doing such change is: avoid the big inadequately shortcoming of temperature controller load capacity, use the bidirectional thyristor that allows the band high power load instead, replace the position of former temperature controller.After doing such change, electrothermal tube R
LPower can increase to more than the 3KW, heating up water of water dispenser speeds up like this, the amount that goes out hot water also increases greatly.Therefore, first embodiment suits to use in family, and second embodiment is suitable to be used in public.
Said by R
16, C
13, temperature controller 101, bilateral diode V
D1, bidirectional thyristor V
S1The thyristor control circuit of forming is typical thyristor control circuit (or claiming solid-state relay), does not introduce here.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the common relay of contact, contactless solid-state relay can exchange in this control system, and this is conspicuous.
2, consider that the water consumption of second embodiment may be bigger, therefore as shown in Figure 4, on the sidewall of heat jars 100, be provided with the water inlet 111 that singly advances cold water, be provided with at the top and singly be used to the ventilation mouth 105 of taking a breath.
3, high water level electrode 102 changes horizontal placement shown in Figure 4 into, and purpose is the length that increases the insulating barrier 104 of this high water level electrode 102, strengthens the insulating properties of this electrode.
The insulating barrier of high water level electrode 102 shown in Figure 4 can be straight, also can be that appearance has bulge loop.Control system shown in Figure 5 is housed in the control box 300, and is connected with each function element through lead.