CN101952654A - Segmented rapid heating of fluid - Google Patents
Segmented rapid heating of fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101952654A CN101952654A CN2009801053041A CN200980105304A CN101952654A CN 101952654 A CN101952654 A CN 101952654A CN 2009801053041 A CN2009801053041 A CN 2009801053041A CN 200980105304 A CN200980105304 A CN 200980105304A CN 101952654 A CN101952654 A CN 101952654A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- heating part
- temperature
- electrode
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 203
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 141
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
- F24H1/106—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with electrodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/168—Reducing the electric power demand peak
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
- F24H15/175—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature where the difference between the measured temperature and a set temperature is kept under a predetermined value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/238—Flow rate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/281—Input from user
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
Abstract
A fluid heating apparatus has a fluid flow path from an inlet to an outlet, with multiple heating sections positioned along the flow path. Each heating section is at least one pair of electrodes between which an electric current is passed through the fluid to resistively heat the fluid during its passage along the flow path. At least one of the heating sections has a segmented electrode made up of a plurality of electrically separable segments. This allows an effective active area of the segmented electrode to be controlled by selectively activating the segments. A controller determines a required voltage and current to be delivered to the fluid by each heating section, and allows for input conductivity as well as variations in fluid conductivity with temperature. The controller activates selected segments of the segmented electrode to effect delivery of desired current and voltage by the segmented electrode to the fluid.
Description
The cross reference of related application
It is that February 11, application number in 2008 are the priority of 2008900634 Australian provisional application that the application requires the applying date, and the content of described provisional application adds this paper by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for device, the system and method for Fast Heating fluid, more particularly, relate to the device, the system and method that use electric energy Fast Heating fluid.
Background technology
A large amount of residents and commodity apartment in developed country are equipped with various forms of hot-water heating systems within doors.In many countries, the energy that the most general being used to adds hot water is electric energy.
Certainly, well-known is to produce electric energy by combustion of fossil fuels can cause pollution and global warming.For example, in 1996, the power consumption department of U.S.'s maximum was a resident family, and these families are responsible to 20% CO2 emission.From 63% direct partial combustion fossil fuel in all CO2 emissions of power consumption part owing to the production electric energy.
In developed country, electric energy is considered to the actual necessity in resident house at present, and the power consumption of each family increases by 1.5% every year approximately from nineteen ninety, and the family's expectation of part on power consumption increases and become about CO2 emission stability and the bone of contention that satisfies the Tokyo protocol target.
From the annual growth by 1.4% of nineteen eighty-two to 1996 year American family quantity, increase by 2.6% and same time resident's power consumption is annual.Therefore, estimate annual growth by 1.1% to American family quantity in 2010, and same time resident's power consumption estimates that increase by 1.6% every year.
Nineteen ninety-five estimates that the family in the whole world about 4,000 ten thousand uses the electric hot water system.The most general electric hot water heating system comprises storage tank, in storage tank along with time water is heated to predetermined temperature at leisure.Because water is extracted out in the storage tank and use cold water inlet to replenish, the water in the storage tank keeps predetermined temperature.Usually, storage tank comprises the stratie of the submerged that is connected to main power source, and the operation of stratie is controlled by temperature control equipment or temperature testing equipment.
Because the operation logic of electric hot water savings system is savings and adds hot water to the predetermined required higher temperature of temperature of ratio use, even the user is not to needing hot water to certain time in the future, so the electric hot water savings system is considered to low efficiency usually.Owing to run off the hot water of heat energy in storage tank, further consumed power heats described water once more to predetermined temperature.Finally, the user does not need hot water in considerable time.But during this period of time, a lot of electric hot water savings systems continue the consumed power heat hot water needs hot water in order to the user at any time.
At short notice Fast Heating water make water temperature reach the predetermined level system that can make avoid storing hot water the poor efficiency that must occur.Using gases (for example natural gas or LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)) and electric energy are to utilize as Fast Heating or " immediately " hot-water heating system of the energy at present.Under the situation of using natural gas and LPG, they are the fuels sources that are particularly suitable for the Fast Heating fluid, because igniting of these fuel can give fluid effective thermal energy transfer, and the temperature of fluid can rise to gratifying level under controlled condition in the short relatively time.
But though can use natural gas fuel source to come Fast Heating water, these fuels sources are not easily to obtain.Comparatively speaking, most of families of developed country can easily obtain the electric energy supply.
Also have other existing " Instant heating type " electric hot water systems.A kind of heating means are become the hot wire system, and wherein wire is set in the environment or shell of electric insulation.During operation, water and described wire or wire housing contacts and very approaching described wire or wire shell come by described environment or through the wire shell.The result gives the wire heating of voltage and transmits the heat feedwater.Usually compare with predefined temperature by the output temperature of monitoring water and with it and realize control.According to the output temperature of the water of being monitored, apply control voltage to wire, reach the predefined temperature of expectation until the temperature of water.
Though the energy poor efficiency that the system of hot wire type has avoided the hot water savings to cause, other shortcomings that not I'm glad to meet you appearance is many.Especially, must be METAL HEATING PROCESS to the temperature higher than its ambient water temperature.This can cause the adverse effect that appears at dissolving salt (for example calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate) the formation incrustation scale in the water with variable concentrations.The wire that directly contacts with water or the thermal region of shell provide good environment for the formation of these incrustation scales, and these incrustation scales cause wire or shell by " parcel " and therefore reduce the efficient of wire hydro-thermal transmission towards periphery.Because it is less that the diameter of water pipe compares usually, the formation of incrustation scale also can reduce the current by water pipe.In addition, for effective operation, the system of hot wire type needs high relatively hydraulic pressure, so these systems are low relatively or inefficent in the zone use of using the frequent decline of peak period hydraulic pressure at hydraulic pressure.
Another kind of possible Instant heating type hot-water heating system is the EM induction system of the similar transformer of the method for operation.The electric current of being responded in the Secondary Winding of transformer causes that Secondary Winding is heated in this case.The heat that this place produces is disperseed by recirculated water, and this circulating water flow is through the water jacket around Secondary Winding.Described heated water is assigned to described system then for use.Usually compare with predefined temperature from the output temperature of the water of water jacket and with it by monitoring and realize control.According to the output temperature of the water that monitors, can change the voltage (this voltage changes the electric current of being responded in the secondary winding) that is applied on the elementary winding, reach the predefined temperature of expection until the temperature of water.
Though the energy poor efficiency that the system of electromagnetic induction type has avoided the hot water savings to cause, other shortcomings that not I'm glad to meet you appearance is many.Especially, Secondary Winding need be heated to the temperature higher than its ambient water temperature.This can have the same influence that causes above-mentioned dissolving salt formation incrustation scale.Because Secondary Winding is with the gap between the water jacket is relative usually narrow on every side, the formation of incrustation scale also can reduce the to flow through current of water jacket.In addition, the big electric current of being responded in the Secondary Winding may cause electricity dissatisfactory or radio frequency noise with the magnetic field that is produced.This electricity or radio frequency noise are difficult to suppress or shielding, and influence the electromagnetic susceptibility equipment in other electromagnetic field scopes.
To any discussion of file included in this specification, rule, material, equipment, article or analog, purpose only is for the invention provides background.And can not be considered to admit that any or all these things have formed the common practise in part prior art or the association area of the present invention, even exist before the priority date of each claim of the application.
Run through whole specification, " comprise " and should be considered to mean and comprise definite element, integral body or step, perhaps mean to comprise a set of pieces, integral body or step, and and do not mean that element, integral body or the step of getting rid of any other, or get rid of a set of pieces, integral body or step.
Summary of the invention
According to first aspect, the invention provides a kind of method that is used to add hot fluid, this method comprises:
The moving path of longshore current makes described fluid from extremely outlet of inlet flow, described flow path comprises first heating part and second heating part at least, thereby described first heating part and second heating part make the fluid of described first heating part described second heating part of flowing through subsequently of flowing through along described flow path setting, each heating part comprises at least one pair of electrode, at electric current between the described pair of electrodes through described fluid with at described fluid heating described fluid in thermal resistance ground during the described flow path, wherein, at least one described heating part comprises at least one segmented electrode, described segmented electrode comprises a plurality of sections that can separate electrically, make that the effective active zone of described segmented electrode is controlled by optionally activating described sections, thereby make that the electric current that is obtained will depend on the effective active zone when voltage being applied to the electrode sections that has activated;
Measure the conductance of fluid in import department;
According to the conductance of measured fluid, determine that offering described fluid by described first heating part improves the needed voltage and current of first desired amount with the temperature with described fluid;
Determine the variation cause by the operation of described first heating part the fluid conductance;
According to the described fluid conductance that has changed, determine that offering described fluid by described second heating part improves the needed voltage and current of second desired amount with the temperature with described fluid; And
To realize providing the mode of desired electric current and voltage to activate the sections of described segmented electrode by described segmented electrode.
According to second aspect, the invention provides a kind of device that is used to add hot fluid, this device comprises:
Fluid flow path from import to outlet;
At least the first heating part and second heating part, thereby described first heating part and second heating part make the fluid of described first heating part described second heating part of flowing through subsequently of flowing through along the flow path setting of described fluid, each heating part comprises at least one pair of electrode, at electric current between described at least one pair of electrode pair through described fluid with at fluid heating described fluid in thermal resistance ground during the described flow path, wherein, at least one described heating part comprises at least one segmented electrode, described segmented electrode comprises a plurality of sections that can separate electrically, make that the effective active zone of described segmented electrode is controlled by optionally activating described sections, thereby make that the electric current that is obtained will depend on the effective active zone when voltage being applied to the electrode sections that has activated;
Be used for measuring the conductivity sensor of fluid conductance in import department; And
Controller, this controller are used for determining to offer described fluid described fluid temperature (F.T.) is improved the needed voltage and current of first desired amount by described first heating part according to measured fluid conductance; Be used for determining the variation that caused by described first heating part operation the fluid conductance; Be used for determining to offer described fluid described fluid temperature (F.T.) is improved the needed voltage and current of second desired amount by described second heating part according to the described fluid conductance that has changed; And be used for to realize providing the mode of desired electric current and voltage to activate the sections of described segmented electrode by described segmented electrode.
By the sections that segmented electrode is set and optionally activates segmented electrode, the present invention is used to control the voltage/current environment (regime) of heating part operation institute foundation.This makes embodiments of the present invention adapt to the variation of conductance between diverse location in the voltage and current limit still and/or the different times better.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention,, adapt to the variation of fluid conductance basically constantly at the conductance of the fluid that flows to.Also can be by determining the fluid conductance with reference to the electric current that voltage obtained on the one or more electrodes that are applied to one or more heating parts.
The variation of fluid conductance will cause the variation of the size of current that system obtains.The preferred embodiment of the present invention prevents to cause the variation of peak point current overrate, before allowing the operation of described system, initially selects the combination of determining that matches of electrode sections by using measured conductivity values.In preferred embodiment, the mating surface zone of selected electrode sections is calculated particularly to guarantee to be no more than the rated maximum current value of described system.
Further preferred embodiment of the present invention uses measured fluid conductance to guarantee not exceed the predetermined scope of acceptable fluid conductance, and described system is designed to move in the predetermined scope of described acceptable fluid conductance.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, each heating part comprises segmented electrode.These embodiments make the active electrode zone of controlling each heating part by the sections of the segmented electrode that optionally activates this heating part.
Described or each segmented electrode preferably is divided into the sections that varies in size, and can provide ever-increasing accuracy to the selection of expectation effective coverage with the combination that allows selected sections.For example, when described segmented electrode is divided into three sections, the ratio of the relative effective coverage of described sections is preferably 1: 2: 4, that is, described sections preferably constitutes 4/7ths, 2/7ths and 1/7th of total active electrode zone respectively.In these embodiments, suitably activate three electrode sections and make any one that to select seven available effective coverages.Optionally segment zones ratio and sections quantity can be set.
In preferred embodiment, each electrode sections of described segmented electrode extends perpendicular to the flow direction of fluid substantially, stands the thermal resistance heating to make on the whole fluid flow path of cardinal principle.
Further, the selection of electrode sections is preferably to guarantee that the mode that does not exceed the peak point current extreme value implements.In these embodiments, if described current limit can not be satisfied safely, the measurement result of import conductance will stop the operation of equipment.
At rate of flow of fluid is not in substantial constant or the unknown embodiment, the rate of flow of fluid table preferably is set with the auxiliary suitable control of determining under the rate of flow of fluid that changes the activation of electric current, voltage and electrode sections.
In addition, by a plurality of heating parts are set, the mode that the conductance that the invention enables each heating part to increase fluid with a kind of temperature along with fluid changes is moved.For example, water conductivity is along with 1 degree centigrade of average increase about 2% of the every increase of temperature.When water is heated with Celsius temperature, for example be increased to 60 ℃ or 90 ℃ from room temperature, the conductance of inlet fluid can be different from the conductance that exports fluid fully.Thereby described fluid is stood the thermal resistance heating in the office, continuous heating part of flow path can make each heating part move in affined temperature range.Therefore, each heating part can be applied in the described limited temperature scope and be applicable to the voltage and current of described fluid conductance, rather than attempts to apply voltage and current about the independent or average conductivity of whole temperature range.
Embodiments of the present invention preferably further comprise the fluid downstream thermometer measuring fluid temperature (F.T.) in outlet, thereby allow the heating of the described fluid of FEEDBACK CONTROL.
Preferably, each heating part comprises the electrode of general planar, and fluid flow path is through between the described electrode.Optionally, each heating part can comprise coaxial substantially cylindrical or plane electrode, and for example described fluid flow path comprises the space of ring shaped cross-section.Described fluid flow path can be described fluid and defines a plurality of parallel flow paths.
In one embodiment, second temperature-measuring element is measured the temperature of the fluid between first heating part and second heating part, and control element rises according to the fluid temperature (F.T.) of expecting in measured temperature and each heating part separately and controls the power of described first heating part and second heating part.
Another embodiment of the invention can comprise three or more heating parts, each heating part has import and outlet, described heating part is connected in series, and conductance according to the measured water that flows to, described control element is initially selected the electrode sections, and controls the power of the electrode pair of each heating part according to the predetermined preferred temperature difference of the inlet temperature of each measured heating part and outlet temperature and each heating part.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, by selected all-wave cycle (full-wave cycle) is provided from the AC main power source, described control element provides the voltage of variation for the electrode pair of each heating part.For example, being determined by pulse-control system and to provide the all-wave cycle, thereby make control comprise the quantity of the control impuls that changes the unit interval to the power that offers selected electrode sections combination as the cycle frequency (cycle frequency) of the integer sections (integer fraction) of AC main power source frequency.
The user can adjust the preferred temperature of outlet fluid by adjustable control element.
Consider flowing of fluid,, can preferably determine the volume of fluid mobile between any electrode pair by measuring the size of the passage that fluid contact with electrode within it.
Both quantitative fluid is accepted the used time of electrical power from electrode and can be determined by the flow rate of fluid of reference longshore current body flow path.The increase of fluid temperature (F.T.) is in proportion with the electrical power that is applied to fluid.The size of the needed electrical power of temperature of the fluid of raising quantification and the quantity (volume) of heated fluid and the flow rate of fluid of the pipeline of flowing through are proportional.The measurement result of electric current of fluid of flowing through can be used as the conductance of described fluid or the measurement of leading than electricity, and therefore allows to select the sections that is activated and allow control and required variation that management keeps the constant required voltage that applies of electrical power.The conductance of described heated fluid and ratio electricity are led along with the rising of temperature and are changed, thereby the ratio electricity that causes longshore current body flow path is led gradient.
The required energy of temperature that is used to increase described fluid can be determined by the combination of two formula:
Formula (1)
Energy=specific heat * density * volume * variations in temperature;
Perhaps
Being used to increase the energy of required unit interval of fluid temperature (F.T.) can determine by following formula:
Power (P)=(specific heat (SHC) * density * volume (V) * variations in temperature (Dt))/time (T)
For the purpose of analyzing, for example can be considered between 0 ℃ to 100 ℃ of temperature be constant to specific heat of water.The density of water equals 1 also can be considered to constant.Therefore, the 1 ℃ of required energy size of temperature that changed per unit water in 1 second is considered to constant and is marked as " K ".Volume/time equals flow velocity (Fr).Therefore, the energy that is used to increase the required time per unit of fluid temperature (F.T.) can be determined by following formula:
Power (P)=(k * flow velocity (Fr) * variations in temperature (Dt))/time (T)
Therefore, if required variations in temperature is known, described flow velocity can be determined and required power can be calculated.
Usually, when the user needs hot water, thereby the tap of fetching boiling water causes current through described fluid flow path.The unlatching of heating sequence can be measured and cause to flowing of water by tachograph.The temperature of import water can be measured and can be compared with the preferred temperature from the water of system's output.According to these two values, the required variation of water temperature from import to outlet can be determined.
Certainly, the temperature duplicate measurements every now and then of the water of the import of segmented electrode part, and when the temperature value of measured import water changes, thereby the calculated value of the temperature required variation that the import of segmented electrode part extremely exports also can be adjusted.Similarly, along with the variation of the content or the analog of temperature, mineral matter, the conductance of fluid and the variation of leading than electricity can appear as time goes by also.Therefore, thereby can change the variation that causes the power that is applied to water through the electric current of fluid, and this can by optionally activate or invalid heating part in segmented electrode sections and managed.Every now and then the output temperature of duplicate measurements heating part and with its compare with the output temperature value of being calculated can double counting to optimize the voltage that is applied on the described electrode constantly.
In preferred embodiment, the electrical power that is used to determine to be applied to the fluid that flows between the electrode by the computing element of microprocessor control and management system setting, by determining that electrical power value-this electrical power can realize that the import of heating part and the preferred temperature between the outlet change, the realization of the variation that the ratio electricity of measurement water is led, and therefore select to activate suitable electrode section and calculate the voltage that need be applied to set flow velocity.
Electrical power control formula (2)
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, measure between the electrode of each heating part of flowing through and the electric current of the fluid of therefore flowing through.Also measure the input and output temperature of heating part.The measurement result of electric current and temperature allows the computing element of microprocessor control and management system to determine to be applied to the power of each heating part inner fluid, with the size that the temperature increase of fluid is expected.
In one embodiment, determine to be applied to the electrical power of the fluid that flows between the segmented electrode of each heating part, in each segmented electrode, select the sections that activate and calculate the average voltage that need be applied in by the computing element of microprocessor control and management system setting to realize that preferred temperature changes.
Following formula (2) helps calculating as far as possible exactly the electrical power that is applied, almost outright.When being applied to water heating system, it can reduce the unnecessary use of water, otherwise these water needed the described system that initially flows through before helping the water that provides temperature required.This just provides the potentiality of conserve water or other fluids.
In preferred embodiment, owing to determined to offer the electrical power of fluid of described electrode of flowing through, computing element calculates the voltage that is applied to each electrode part (ES) in the following manner.In case electrode part desired power is calculated, the electric current that is obtained by electrode (n) is with regard to measured (for segmented electrode, the total current that sections obtained that described electric current has comprised by the activation of segmented electrode part), thereby:
Formula (2)
Voltage ES
n(V
Appn)=power ES
n(P
Reqn)/electric current ES
n(I
Sn)
V
appn＝P
reqn/I
sn
As the initial heating sequence of part, the voltage that is applied is set to relatively low value, and purpose is the initial coefficient of conductivity for the fluid of the electrode of determining to flow through.Obtain electric current the fluid that voltage application will cause flowing through on the electrode between electrode.Therefore, owing to determined to offer the electrical power of fluid of described electrode of flowing through, just can determine needed voltage, this voltage is applied on these electrodes, and purpose is the required quantity of temperature increase for the fluid that will flow between the electrode in each heating part.Monitored constantly by longshore current body flow path preferably from the variation of the instant electric current that fluid obtained.Show the conductance of fluid or the variation of leading than electricity in any variation along the instant electric current that any position obtains of described passage.The apparent changing value of leading (specific conductance apparent) than electricity of the fluid of flowing through between the electrode in the electrode part defines effectively along the specific conductance gradient that adds hot path.
Preferably, various parameters are monitored constantly and are calculated constantly determining the offering electrical power of described fluid and need be applied to voltage on the electrode, purpose be in the given time with the temperature increase of fluid to predefined preferred temperature.
Description of drawings
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram according to the fluid heating system of an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of segmented electrode that comprises three sections;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of fluid flow path of three heating parts of flowing through, and each heating part comprises an electrode that is divided into three sections.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram according to the fluid heating system 100 of an embodiment of the invention, makes current through main body 112 in this system.Main body 112 is preferably made by electrically insulating material, as synthetic plastic.But main body 112 may be connected to (for example copper pipe) on the conducting metal water pipe.Therefore, comprise ground connection mesh grid (mesh grid) shown in Figure 1 in the import and the exit of main body 11, thereby any metallic conduit that is connected to device 100 ground connection electrically.The conduction earth polar of the electric equipment that earth grid 114 is connected to ideally, the heating system of present embodiment are installed in the described electric equipment.When the water of ground connection mesh grid 114 by the device 100 of flowing through when electrode obtains (draw) electric current, the ground connection in control system and/or the breaker reveals that protective device will be opened or Electrical leakage (RCD) will be opened.In the particularly preferred mode of present embodiment, described system comprises ground connection leakage protection equipment.
When the depotition cock (not shown) is opened, water along shown in flow path arrows 102 main body 112 of flowing through.
The pipe 112 that limits flow path has three heating parts, and three heating parts comprise electrode group 116,117 and 118 separately.Described electrode material can be any suitable metal or non-metallic conducting material, for example conductive plastics, carburized material or materials similar.Importantly electrode is selected from a kind of material that can reduce chemical reaction and/or cell reaction.
By independent power control unit Q1, Q2 ..., Q9, with the segmented electrode of electrode pair-be that segmented electrode 116a, 117a and 118a-are connected to public conversion loop 119, and another one electrode 116b, the 117b of electrode pair and 118b are connected respectively to individual event or three-phase input power supply 121,122 and 123.According to the power management control that microprocessor control system 141 provides, described independent power control unit Q1, Q2 ..., Q9 switches common return.The total current that offers each independent heating part 116,117 and 118 is measured by current measure device 127,128 and 129 respectively.Current measurement result is provided for microprocessor control system 141 as power-supply controller of electric as input signal by input jockey 133.
Microprocessor control system 141 is by importing jockey 133 from flow-speed measurement equipment 104 and temperature set device (not shown) received signal, described flow-speed measurement equipment 104 is arranged in the pipe 112, and the user can set the output temperature (Tout) of expectation by described temperature set device.Consider flowing of fluid, the volume of the fluid between any electrode group of flowing through can accurately be determined by the size of measuring the passage that fluid within it contacts with electrode in advance.Similarly, the fluid of set volume is accepted the required time of electrical power from electrode and can come be determined by the flow through flow rate of fluid (Flw) of passage of measurement.The temperature increase of fluid is proportional with the quantity of the electrical power that is applied to fluid.The quantity of the needed electrical power of temperature of the fluid of raising dose known amounts and the quantity (volume) of heated fluid and the flow rate of fluid of the pipeline of flowing through are proportional.The measurement result of electric current of fluid of flowing through can be used as the measurement of the ratio electricity of conductance (electric conductivity) or described fluid being led (specific conductance), therefore also can determine to keep the variation of the constant required voltage that applies of electrical power that applied.Want the described conductance and electric the leading of ratio of heated fluid to change, thereby the ratio electricity that causes longshore current body flow path is led gradient (gradient) along with the rising of temperature.
Described microprocessor control system 141 is also by input temp (Tin) measurement device 135 of signal input jockey 133 from the fluid temperature (F.T.) that is used to measure input pipe 112, be used to measure the output temperature measurement device 136 of the fluid temperature (F.T.) of effuser 112, measure first medium temperature measurement device 138 of the fluid temperature (F.T.) between heating part 116 and the heating part 117 and the second medium temperature measurement device, 139 received signals of measuring the fluid temperature (F.T.) between heating part 117 and the heating part 118.
The equipment 100 of present embodiment further can adapt to the variation of fluid conductance (Cin), no matter the variation of conductance be cause by the ad-hoc location that equipment is installed or occur frequently in independent position.In this, input fluid conductivity sensor 106 is constantly measured the conductance of import department's fluid of fluid flow path 112.The variation of fluid conductance can cause from the variation of the set size of current that each electrode obtained of voltage.Present embodiment is monitored described variation and is guaranteed that described equipment obtains the levels of current of expectation by using measured conductivity values with the combination that matches of initially selecting the electrode sections before the operation of permission system.Each electrode 116a, 117a, 118a are divided into three electrode sections 116ai, 116aii, 116aiii, 117ai, 117aii, 117aiii, 118ai, 118aii and 118aiii.For each electrode separately, the ai sections is made the active region with the electrode of common formation about 1/7th, the aii sections is made the active region with the electrode of common formation about 2/7ths, and the aiii sections is made the active region with the electrode of common formation about 4/7ths.Therefore, select suitable sections or suitable sections combination to make the effective coverage of electrode become any one of seven virtual values of electrode zone.Therefore for the high fluid of electric conductivity, can select littler electrode zone, thereby, prevent that the electric current that obtains from electrode from rising on expectation or the level of security for given voltage.On the contrary,, can select bigger electrode zone, thereby, will obtain suitable electric current to realize convection cell transmission expectation power for identical given voltage for the fluid of poorly conductive.By the power converter Q1 that activates or invalid (deactivate) is suitable ..., Q9 can easily realize the selection of sections.
Especially, the aggregate surface zone of selected electrode sections is calculated particularly to guarantee the rated maximum current value of the system that is no more than.
Microprocessor control system 141 receives the various input signals that monitor, and voltage and current about the electrode pair of the selection in electrode activity zone, expectation, carry out necessary calculating so that the power that calculates to be provided, this power is provided for the fluid of the passage 112 of flowing through.Microprocessor control system 141 is according to three that are connected to each electrode pair 116,117 and 118 independent facies-controlled each the pulse powers.By from microprocessor control system 141 to power switch equipment Q1 ..., Q9 independent control signal control each pulse power individually.
Therefore, can see, receive the employed various parameters of typical input signal based on described microprocessor control system 141, the computing element under software program control that is positioned at described microprocessor control system 141 calculates the required control impuls of described power switch equipment, purpose is in order to provide required electrical power with the required variations in temperature of water to the passage 112 of flowing through, thereby makes warmed-up water flow out from passage 112 under the preferred temperature that the temperature device that controlled by the user is set.
When user's serviceability temperature set device was set the output water temperature of described expectation, setting value was obtained and is stored in the system storage by microprocessor control system 141 and is changed or resets until setting value.Preferably, predefined 50 ℃ of default values are retained in the memory, and the temperature set device can be provided with the visual display that temperature is set.Micro treatment control system 141 can have the predefined maximum of described temperature set device, and on behalf of water, this value can not be heated to above predefined maximum temperature values.Therefore, the value of temperature set device can not be greater than described maximum set value.Described system is designed such that for any reason, if the temperature that output temperature equipment 136 reads greater than the maximum temperature of described setting, described system will close at once and be inoperative.
Described microprocessor control system 141 is repeatedly carried out a series of inspection, to guarantee:
(a) Chu Kou water temperature is no more than maximum allowable temperature;
(b) electric current that is leaked to the earth is no more than preset value;
(c) system power is no more than the predefined current limit value of system.
When the operation of described device, repeat these and check, and any inspection shows and exceed described control limit value that described system is invalid at once.When described initial inspection is finished satisfactorily, to carry out and calculate the required voltage that must be applied to the water of the passage 112 of flowing through with definite, purpose is the water temperature that changes the expectation size.The described voltage that calculates is applied on electrode pair 116,117 and 118 later, so that increase water temperature during through described passage 112 apace when current.
When the water of the passage 112 of flowing through when the import of passage increases temperature, the corresponding temperature that increases, conductance changes.Described medium temperature measurement device 138 and 139 and output temperature measurement device 136 measure the temperature that increases gradually in three heating parts of the passage 112 that comprises electrode group 116,117 and 118 respectively and increase.Consider the variation of the conductance of water, the voltage that applies on the electrode pair 116,117,118 separately also is changed, to guarantee that level and smooth temperature occurring along the length of passage 112 rises, thereby keep constant substantially power input by every group of electrode 116,117,118, and guarantee the water efficient that between the output temperature measurement result of the input temp measurement result of input temp measurement device 135 and output temperature measurement device 136, heats and stable best.By management by activate the power switch equipment Q1 that matches with power demand ..., control impuls that Q9 provided changes the power that offers circulating water.This just plays increases or reduces the power that feedwater is provided by single electrode pair 116,117,118.
By constantly dropping into conductivity sensor 106 and consulting current measure device 127,128,129 and temperature measurement equipment 135,136,138 and 139, the variation of the conductance of described system 100 repeat monitoring water.The variation of the variation of the water temperature of the length detection of the variation of the conductivity values of the water that the water temperature rising causes in the described system, edge pipe 112 or the detection electric current that is obtained from water causes computing element to calculate the average voltage level that is applied to the revision on the electrode pair.The variation of conductance of input water causes the optionally combination that changed of active electrode sections 116ai, 116aii, 116aiii, 117ai, 117aii, 117aiii, 118ai, 118aii, 118aii of microprocessor control system 141, so that be no more than definite lowest high-current value.Lasting closed loop is monitored described system power, single electrode current, the selection of electrode sections and the variation of water temperature, causing reruns is applied to voltage on the single electrode sections, so that described system provides the constant and stable relatively power water to the described heating system 100 of flowing through.The variation that the fluid of the segmented electrode part of flowing through single or the ratio electricity of water are led can adopt this method to be managed individually.Therefore described system can control and manage the ratio electricity that is caused of crossing whole system effectively and lead gradient.Therefore, when improving the temperature expectation size of fluid or water, present embodiment affords redress to the variation of the conductance of the caused fluid of change in concentration of variations in temperature and the chemical substance of being dissolved and salt or water and the variation that changes the conductance of caused fluid of variable voltage or water in the process that adds hot fluid or water, to adapt to the variation of (accommodate) conductance.
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the segmented electrode 216a of heating part 216.Described segmented electrode 216a comprises three sections 216ai, 216aii and 216aiii.Suitable electric switch makes that any combination of three sections can optionally be activated in any given time.Electrode 216b is positioned on the common return of power supply.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that runs through the fluid flow path of three heating parts 316,317,318.Each heating part comprises an electrode part that is divided into three sections.
United States Patent (USP) the 7th, 050, No. 706 content is added into this paper by reference, and the instruction of this patent can be used to control the operation of the each side of this device and system.
Segmented electrode of the present invention can use in fluid heating, this fluid heating system comprises the preheating tank, in the preheat temperature of this tank inner fluid value of being heated expectation and be maintained in the tank, segmented electrode is used to add hot fluid in the outlet of passage, and fluid is flowed through described passage for needs from described tank.In this, the international publication number of the applicant application is that the content of the international application of WO 2008/116247 is added into this paper by reference.
To will be appreciated that, in the heated by electrodes part of using any suitable quantity in service of the present invention.Therefore, be used to heat the heating part of water of passage 112 of flowing through though present embodiment has been described three, the quantity of the heating part in the passage can or specifically be used according to the needs that add hot fluid and to change.For example, if the quantity of electrode is increased to six pairs, about the voltage of electrode, every pair can be used the described mode of present embodiment controlled individually.Similarly, the divided hop count of each independent electrode also can be different from three sections.For example, be 1: 2: 4 with the electrode ratio of being divided into: 8 four sections segmentation can be provided with 15 values of effective coverage and select for microprocessor control system 141.
Place in relevant water heating, with what realize be, thereby cause the electric current water self of flowing through to make the electrode pair that produces heat by the resistance of water self by use, the present invention avoids using traditional resistive element, improves therefore that relevant elements is got rusty or the problem of fouling.
To will be appreciated that further the present invention can be used on (including but not limited to) domestic hot water system and family water dispenser near boiling.About above-mentioned two kinds of application that are used for domestic hot water's demand, the present invention helps saving energy and water.Further will will be appreciated that, setting comprises that the segmented electrode of the sections that works independently makes described equipment can be installed in extensively different place of fluid conductance, running into does not need to require great effort and expensively changes under the situation of physical arrangement of equipment, can make the equipment operation adapt to specific conductance at described local microprocessor control system 141.In addition, the principle of system makes that manufacturing is simple, it is simple to install when using, has aesthetic feeling and can adapt to the market of having set up comfortable key element.When describing the mode of operation of these application in further detail, at first consider hot-water heating system.
A kind of direct current is provided, promptly needs the hot-water heating system of formula (instantaneous on-demand) according to the hot-water heating system of one embodiment of the present invention, this hot-water heating system sets in advance temperature or fixing hot water provides one or more kitchens, bathroom and laundry to the family.Even under the common reverse water supply conditions, output temperature can accurately be controlled and be kept stable.This class is used needed electrical power and is usually located between the 3.0kW to 33kW, and needs individual event or multinomial AC power.According to the type of concrete application, the demand of electrical power changes.Described system is designed to flow velocity and is generally 0.5 liter/min to 15 liter/min and provides hot water to the user.This depends on concrete application equally.Output water temperature can be fixed and be arranged between 2 ℃ to 60 ℃, and this temperature range also depends on the concrete application and the adjusting of family.The ability that temperature rises when flow velocity is 10 liters/min normally 50 ℃, but also depend on concrete application.
We turn to water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water according to another implementation of the invention now.In this embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of direct current, i.e. the boil water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water of formula, this water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water is designed to provide the fixedly hot water of output temperature (98 ℃ of maximum temperatures).This device is the most common in use to be installed in the environment of kitchen one class.Output temperature is accurately controlled and keeps stable, even under the common reverse water supply conditions.This class is used between the scope that needed electrical power is usually located at 1.2kW and 6kW.The flow velocity of this water dispenser is fixed.This flow velocity is fixed on the flow velocity of 0.5 liter/min to 1.2 liter/min usually, but also depends on concrete application.Power demand also depends on the needs of concrete application.
We turn to the single flow water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water of the further embodiment according to the present invention now.If described system needs immediately and boiling water is provided and does not need savings or preheating with the flow velocity of 0.5 liter/min to 1.2 liter/min constantly, then need the electrical power of 6.6kW and the power circuit that needs installation matches usually.As long as need, present embodiment can almost continue to provide incessantly the water near boiling.The extremely low stand-by loss of 2W every day will appear.In the past, be to adapt to the lasting boiling water that promptly needs to supply with by available competitive instant hot-water heating system technology, because need to produce high pipeline pressure greater than the flow velocity of 2 liters/min.And be the flow velocity that impossible use greater than 2 liters/min for water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of two stage water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water are provided.If use common single-phase power outlet, power demand can be maintained between the 1.8kW to 2.5kW, and this family's power meter for standard is acceptable, and does not need extra or special power circuit.Present embodiment needs a kind of two stage water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water system, and this water fountain system comprises water deposit parts and power direct current parts.Like this, water at first is heated to 65 ℃ in stocking system, and this stocking system is designed to keep 1.8 to rise to 2.0 liters water usually.In case be heated to 65 ℃, water drinking machine capable of providing boiled water can move, when the water of opening 65 ℃, water is fed into by power section and supplies with outlet.This power section is that the water of 0.5 liter/min to 1.2 liter/min heats 30 ℃ of extra output temperatures that reach 95 ℃ on demand again with flow velocity.
One of skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention shown in the specific embodiment is carried out a large amount of variations or modification, do not exceed the broadly described scope of the present invention.Therefore, present embodiment is considered to illustrative and nonrestrictive aspect all.
Claims (18)
1. method that is used to add hot fluid, this method comprises:
The moving path of longshore current makes described fluid from extremely outlet of inlet flow, described flow path comprises first heating part and second heating part at least, thereby described first heating part and second heating part make the fluid of described first heating part described second heating part of flowing through subsequently of flowing through along described flow path setting, each heating part comprises at least one pair of electrode, at electric current between the described pair of electrodes through described fluid with at described fluid heating described fluid in thermal resistance ground during the described flow path, wherein, at least one described heating part comprises at least one segmented electrode, described segmented electrode comprises a plurality of sections that can separate electrically, make that the effective active zone of described segmented electrode is controlled by optionally activating described sections, thereby make that the electric current that is obtained will depend on the effective active zone when voltage being applied to the electrode sections that has activated;
Measure the conductance of fluid in import department;
According to the conductance of measured fluid, determine that offering described fluid by described first heating part improves the needed voltage and current of first desired amount with the temperature with described fluid;
Determine the variation cause by the operation of described first heating part the fluid conductance;
According to the described fluid conductance that has changed, determine that offering described fluid by described second heating part improves the needed voltage and current of second desired amount with the temperature with described fluid; And
To realize providing the mode of desired electric current and voltage to activate the sections of described segmented electrode by described segmented electrode.
2. the method for claim 1 wherein at the measurement result of the conductance of the fluid that flows to, adapts to the variation of fluid conductance substantially constantly.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is wherein by determining the fluid conductance with reference to the obtained electric current of voltage on the one or more electrodes that are applied to one or more heating parts.
4. as the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 3, further comprise: before allowing the operation of described system, use measured conductivity values initially to select the combination of determining that matches of electrode sections, purpose is to cause the peak point current overrate for the variation that prevents the fluid conductance.
5. as the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 4, further comprise:, make described electrode invalid if measured fluid conductance exceeds the predetermined scope of acceptable fluid conductance.
6. as the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 5, further comprise: measure flow rate of fluid, with the auxiliary activation of determining suitable current, voltage and electrode sections under the rate of flow of fluid that changes.
7. as the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 6, further comprise: the temperature of measuring described fluid in the exit is to allow the heating of the described fluid of FEEDBACK CONTROL.
8. as the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 7, further comprise: measure the temperature of the described fluid between described first heating part and described second heating part, and rise according to the fluid temperature (F.T.) of expecting in measured temperature and each heating part and to control the power of described first heating part and described second heating part.
9. as the arbitrary described method of claim 1 to 8, the flow path of wherein said fluid comprises three or more heating parts, each heating part has import and outlet, described heating part is connected in series, described method further comprises: control element is initially selected the electrode sections according to the conductance of the measured water that flows to, and the power of controlling the electrode pair of each heating part according to the predetermined expectation temperature difference of the inlet temperature of each measured heating part and outlet temperature and each heating part.
10. device that is used to add hot fluid, this device comprises:
Fluid flow path from import to outlet;
At least the first heating part and second heating part, thereby described first heating part and second heating part make the fluid of described first heating part described second heating part of flowing through subsequently of flowing through along the flow path setting of described fluid, each heating part comprises at least one pair of electrode, at electric current between described at least one pair of electrode pair through described fluid with at fluid heating described fluid in thermal resistance ground during the described flow path, wherein, at least one described heating part comprises at least one segmented electrode, described segmented electrode comprises a plurality of sections that can separate electrically, make that the effective active zone of described segmented electrode is controlled by optionally activating described sections, thereby make that the electric current that is obtained will depend on the effective active zone when voltage being applied to the electrode sections that has activated;
Be used for measuring the conductivity sensor of fluid conductance in import department; And
Controller, this controller are used for determining to offer described fluid described fluid temperature (F.T.) is improved the needed voltage and current of first desired amount by described first heating part according to measured fluid conductance; Be used for determining the variation that caused by described first heating part operation the fluid conductance; Be used for determining to offer described fluid described fluid temperature (F.T.) is improved the needed voltage and current of second desired amount by described second heating part according to the described fluid conductance that has changed; And be used for to realize providing the mode of desired electric current and voltage to activate the sections of described segmented electrode by described segmented electrode.
11. device as claimed in claim 10, wherein each heating part comprises segmented electrode.
12. as claim 10 or 11 described devices, wherein each segmented electrode is divided into the sections of different sizes, so that the combination of the sections that will select can provide the accuracy of increase to the selection of desired region.
13. device as claimed in claim 12, wherein said segmented electrode is divided into the n sections, and the ratio of the relative effective coverage of described n sections is 1: 2: ...: 2
(n-1)
14. as the arbitrary described device of claim 10 to 13, each electrode sections of wherein said segmented electrode extends perpendicular to the flow direction of fluid substantially, to make fluid stand the thermal resistance heating on the whole fluid flow path substantially.
15. the arbitrary described device as claim 10 to 14 further comprises the flow-speed measurement element, this flow-speed measurement element is used to measure rate of flow of fluid, with the auxiliary activation of determining suitable current, voltage and electrode sections under the rate of flow of fluid that changes.
16. as the arbitrary described device of claim 10 to 15, further comprise outlet fluid temperature (F.T.) measuring cell, this outlet fluid temperature (F.T.) measuring cell is used for measuring fluid temperature (F.T.) to allow the heating of FEEDBACK CONTROL fluid in the exit.
17. arbitrary described device as claim 10 to 16, further comprise the fluid temperature (F.T.) measuring cell, this fluid temperature (F.T.) measuring cell is used to measure the temperature of the described fluid between described first heating part and second heating part, and is used for expectation fluid temperature (F.T.) according to measured temperature and each heating part and rises and control the power of described first heating part and described second heating part.
18. as the arbitrary described device of claim 10 to 17, wherein said fluid flow path comprises three or more heating parts, each heating part has import and outlet, and described heating part is connected in series.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2008900634 | 2008-02-11 | ||
| AU2008900634A AU2008900634A0 (en) | 2008-02-11 | Segmented rapid heating of fluid | |
| PCT/AU2009/000158 WO2009100486A1 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Segmented rapid heating of fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101952654A true CN101952654A (en) | 2011-01-19 |
| CN101952654B CN101952654B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
Family
ID=40956552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801053041A Active CN101952654B (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Segmented rapid heating of fluid |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100322605A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2247894B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011511919A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101952654B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2009214821B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0908467B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2712301C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2687417T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2010008829A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ587587A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2484366C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009100486A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201005703B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104422117A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 格德斯公司 | Electrical bare wire continuous heater and method for controlling the same |
| CN106325333A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 北京婴萌科技有限公司 | Instantaneous heating system |
| CN106535369A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Novel supercritical water parallel channel segment adjustable electric heating apparatus |
| US9841183B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2017-12-12 | No Eul Kim | Electrode boiler with electrodes unit |
| CN110067999A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-07-30 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of steam generator design method of segmentally heating |
| CN110368313A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-25 | 巨翊医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of infusion tube open type bushing heater |
| CN110521280A (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-11-29 | 茵丝塔加热有限公司 | The system and method for Ohmic heating for fluid |
| CN111174406A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-19 | 固瑞克流体处理(H)公司 | On-demand heater and temperature control system and related methods |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8861943B2 (en) | 2005-05-04 | 2014-10-14 | Isi Technology, Llc | Liquid heater with temperature control |
| WO2010019833A2 (en) | 2008-08-13 | 2010-02-18 | Ideas Well Done Llc | Rapid liquid heating |
| EP2429351B1 (en) | 2009-05-16 | 2016-02-10 | Ideas Well Done LLC | Food steamer containers with sequential ohmic water heating |
| CN102714892A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2012-10-03 | 密克罗希特技术公司 | A heat generator and method of generating heat using electrically energised fluid |
| SG188440A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2013-04-30 | Isi Technology Llc | Liquid heater with temperature control |
| KR20140016264A (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2014-02-07 | 마이크로히트 테크놀로지스 피티와이 엘티디 | Electric fluid heater and method of electrically heating fluid |
| JP2013141550A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-22 | Frontier Engineering Co Ltd | Heater |
| WO2014102554A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | Psomiadis Charalampos | Electrode boiler featuring variable and controlled output |
| EP2938933B1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2018-09-12 | Steelmax Tech SA | Autonomous electrically stimulated radiator |
| JP6173980B2 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-08-02 | 株式会社フロンティアエンジニアリング | Heating method and heating apparatus |
| PT108702B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2021-02-24 | Bosch Termotecnologia, S.A. | DEVICE FOR HEATING DEVICES AND PROCESS FOR THE OPERATION OF A DEVICE FOR HEATING DEVICES |
| KR101840271B1 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2018-03-20 | 이극수 | The multipole moments electric hot water equipment for using carbon electrodes |
| US11493233B2 (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2022-11-08 | Stone Aerospace, Inc. | Direct high voltage water heater |
| JP6999686B2 (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2022-01-19 | ヒートワークス・テクノロジーズ，インコーポレイテッド | A device for ohmic heating a fluid |
| WO2018127577A2 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Waturu Holding Aps | A water heating and treating device |
| EA038717B1 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | Роман Геннадьевич Дашков | Electrode water heater |
| US20190282929A1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-19 | Redhead Services, L.L.C. | Electric heater treater |
| US10365013B1 (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-07-30 | Heatworks Technologies, Inc. | Fluid heater with finite element control |
| CN114830820A (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2022-07-29 | 希特沃克斯技术有限公司 | Ohmic heater with multiple operating states |
| GB2596791A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-12 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Resistive liquid heater |
| GB2596792B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-10-19 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Resistive liquid heater |
| WO2023158814A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | OhmIQ, Inc. | Steam generator |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2680802A (en) * | 1952-04-12 | 1954-06-08 | Rainbows Inc | Electrical fluid heater |
| GB745983A (en) * | 1953-04-27 | 1956-03-07 | Indevco Inc | Improvements in or relating to a process and apparatus for heating water by electrical conduction |
| US4029937A (en) * | 1974-10-04 | 1977-06-14 | Russell Robert G | Control system for electrically conductive liquid heating apparatus |
| GB8419987D0 (en) * | 1984-08-01 | 1984-09-12 | Cave N M | Heating devices |
| ZA884526B (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1989-03-29 | Cedric Israilsohn | Water heating apparatus |
| CA1291785C (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1991-11-05 | Andrew J. Read | Water heating apparatus |
| GB2268671B (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1996-03-06 | Electricity Ass Tech | Ohmic heating apparatus |
| JPH0688642A (en) * | 1992-09-08 | 1994-03-29 | Hitachi Home Tec Ltd | Hot water supply device |
| CN2228631Y (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-06-05 | 王基烈 | Fully-automatic quick electric water heater |
| CN2400745Y (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2000-10-11 | 袁文征 | Quick-heating safety electric water heater |
| CN100380064C (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2008-04-09 | 密克罗希特科技有限公司 | System and method for rapid heating of fluid |
| RU2256302C1 (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-07-10 | Терсков Николай Георгиевич | Method for enhancing efficiency of electrode boiler and apparatus for performing the same |
| US7327951B2 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2008-02-05 | Ivanhoe Chaput | Instant water heater with PTC plastic conductive electrodes |
| US7817906B2 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2010-10-19 | Isi Technology, Llc | Direct electric resistance liquid heater |
| RU2308823C2 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-10-20 | Владимир Григорьевич Бартенев | Method for controlling power of electric heating system and device for realization of said method |
-
2009
- 2009-02-11 MX MX2010008829A patent/MX2010008829A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-11 JP JP2010545333A patent/JP2011511919A/en active Pending
- 2009-02-11 NZ NZ587587A patent/NZ587587A/en unknown
- 2009-02-11 AU AU2009214821A patent/AU2009214821B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 CA CA2712301A patent/CA2712301C/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 US US12/867,138 patent/US20100322605A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-11 CN CN2009801053041A patent/CN101952654B/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 EP EP09710664.5A patent/EP2247894B1/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 WO PCT/AU2009/000158 patent/WO2009100486A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-02-11 RU RU2010137848/06A patent/RU2484366C2/en active
- 2009-02-11 ES ES09710664.5T patent/ES2687417T3/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 BR BRPI0908467 patent/BRPI0908467B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2010
- 2010-08-10 ZA ZA2010/05703A patent/ZA201005703B/en unknown
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9841183B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2017-12-12 | No Eul Kim | Electrode boiler with electrodes unit |
| CN104422117A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 格德斯公司 | Electrical bare wire continuous heater and method for controlling the same |
| CN104422117B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2017-04-26 | 格德斯公司 | Electrical bare wire continuous heater and method for controlling the same |
| CN106325333A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 北京婴萌科技有限公司 | Instantaneous heating system |
| CN106325333B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-11-13 | 北京婴萌科技有限公司 | Instant heating type heating system |
| CN106535369A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Novel supercritical water parallel channel segment adjustable electric heating apparatus |
| CN106535369B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-10-18 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of Novel supercritical water parallel port stepwise adjustable electricity-saving heating device |
| CN110521280A (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-11-29 | 茵丝塔加热有限公司 | The system and method for Ohmic heating for fluid |
| CN110521280B (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2022-01-28 | 茵丝塔加热有限公司 | System and method for ohmic heating of fluids |
| CN111174406A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-19 | 固瑞克流体处理(H)公司 | On-demand heater and temperature control system and related methods |
| CN110067999A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-07-30 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of steam generator design method of segmentally heating |
| CN110368313A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-25 | 巨翊医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of infusion tube open type bushing heater |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2712301C (en) | 2016-08-16 |
| BRPI0908467A2 (en) | 2016-06-21 |
| EP2247894B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
| EP2247894A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
| BRPI0908467B1 (en) | 2019-11-26 |
| WO2009100486A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| ES2687417T3 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
| MX2010008829A (en) | 2010-09-07 |
| CA2712301A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| US20100322605A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
| RU2484366C2 (en) | 2013-06-10 |
| AU2009214821A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| ZA201005703B (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| JP2011511919A (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| EP2247894A4 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
| CN101952654B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| RU2010137848A (en) | 2012-03-20 |
| NZ587587A (en) | 2012-04-27 |
| AU2009214821B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101952654B (en) | Segmented rapid heating of fluid | |
| CA2456926C (en) | System and method for rapid heating of fluid | |
| CN101663543B (en) | System and method for improved heating of fluid | |
| AU2002322166A1 (en) | System and method for rapid heating of fluid | |
| US7945146B2 (en) | Tankless hot water heater with power modulation | |
| BRPI0909367B1 (en) | footwear and method of manufacture | |
| RU2014125076A (en) | Energy saving coffee machine | |
| WO2007059618A1 (en) | Continuous flow demand controlled microwave water heater | |
| Gouws et al. | Efficiency and cost analysis of a designed in-line water heating system compared to a conventional water heating system in South Africa | |
| Patil et al. | Experimental analysis of helical coil induction and electric immersion type water heater | |
| AU2007234597A1 (en) | System and method for rapid heating of fluid | |
| GB2589112A (en) | Water heater for use in a plumbing system | |
| US20120002955A1 (en) | Temperature control and power management control system for hydraulic heating systems | |
| Fadl | Investigation of Alternative Water Heating Methods | |
| Wheeler et al. | Striving for savings at home by decentralisation of water heating |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |