CN101950858A - Broadband binary array antenna based on composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line - Google Patents
Broadband binary array antenna based on composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- CN101950858A CN101950858A CN2010105007263A CN201010500726A CN101950858A CN 101950858 A CN101950858 A CN 101950858A CN 2010105007263 A CN2010105007263 A CN 2010105007263A CN 201010500726 A CN201010500726 A CN 201010500726A CN 101950858 A CN101950858 A CN 101950858A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband binary array antenna based on a composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line. The antenna comprises a microwave medium substrate, an upper surface element and a lower surface element, wherein the upper surface element comprises two antenna array units which are connected through an arch connecting wire; a microstrip line is connected between the middle of the arch connecting wire and a feed source; the lower surface element is an earthing plate; each antenna array unit is formed by N numbered square radiators which are arranged in sequence; the radiators are conducted with the earthing plate through shorted posts; a square groove is etched on the outermost radiator of the antenna array unit; a square tooth shaped etching line is etched between every two radiators; and a clearance of between 0.1 and 0.3mm is etched between the arch connecting wire and the radiator. The broadband binary array antenna intensifies the electromagnetic coupling among the radiators, improves the resistance distribution condition and electromagnetic flow distribution of the antenna, and further improves the radiating band width and gain of the antenna array.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna, especially based on the millimeter wave binary array antenna of the high-gain in a kind of broadband of composite right/left-handed transmission line technology.
Background technology
Left-handed materials (left-handed metamaterials) is one of focus of materialogy and physics area research in recent years.In the electrodynamics theory of classics, the electromagnetic property of dielectric material can be described by DIELECTRIC CONSTANT and two macroparameters of magnetic permeability μ.At occurring in nature, the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT of medium and magnetic permeability μ are positive numbers, when these dielectric materials of electromagnetic wave irradiation, the electric field strength E, magnetic field intensity H and the electromagnetic wave propagation direction K that describe propagation properties satisfy the right-handed helix relation, and this is classical " right-hand rule " relation in the physics.The dielectric material that satisfies " right-hand rule " relation is right-handed material.And, can obtain the artificial left-handed materials that DIELECTRIC CONSTANT and magnetic permeability μ are negatives by certain periodic structure design.When the electromagnetic wave irradiation left-handed materials, the electric field strength E, magnetic field intensity H and the electromagnetic wave propagation direction K that describe propagation properties satisfy " left hand helix " relation.Also there are special electromagnetic propertys such as contrary snell refraction when in addition, electromagnetic wave is propagated in the material leftward.Based on the transmission line theory analysis as can be known, the transmission line that adopts series capacitance and shunt inductance to design has the characteristic of left-handed materials, because go back parasitism on the transmission line this moment right hand effect is arranged, and transmission line has at this moment just constituted composite right/left-handed transmission line.
People such as Itoh have introduced method based on composite right/left-handed transmission line art designs antenna at document and pertinent literature.All narrated the antenna that utilizes the left-and-right-hand transmission line design people such as Itoh in 2002 at article " Epsilon negative zeroth-order resonator antenna " at article " Application of the transmission line theory of left-handed (LH) materials to the realization of a microstrip LH line " and people such as Lee in 2007, blemish in an otherwise perfect thing the time, though above-mentioned antenna size based on the left hand transmission line structure realization is less, it is low but to exist radiation efficiency, the narrow bandwidth and the little problem that gains.Such antenna is difficult to satisfy the needs of practical application.Tracing it to its cause, mainly is because when adopting the zeroth order mode of resonance of composite right/left-handed transmission line, under this operating state, the transmission β of transmission line is zero, wavelength is infinitely great, and Electric Field Distribution does not have the process of paraphase under the antenna patch, thereby causes that antenna radiation efficiency is low, the problem of gain inequality.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art narrow bandwidth (usually less than 1%), low gain, the invention provides a kind of binary array antenna, based on the composite right/left-handed transmission line technology, improve the series capacitance of the left hand characteristic that constitutes antenna and the distribution of shunt inductance, the antenna array element structure of being made up of composite right/left-handed transmission line rationally is set, thereby realize the binary array antenna of small size, broadband and high-gain, can satisfy the actual demand of multiple antenna occasion.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of broadband binary array antenna based on the left-and-right-hand transmission line technology, comprise that one applies the microwave-medium substrate of Copper Foil and upper surface element and the lower surface element that forms respectively by the upper and lower surface of etching Copper Foil on the microwave-medium substrate, described upper surface element comprises two antenna array elements that structure is identical, is connected by arc connecting line between the antenna array element; Somewhere in the middle of the arc connecting line connects an end of microstrip line, tie point differs λ/2 between the distance of two ports of arc connecting line, λ is the operation wavelength of antenna array element, and the other end of microstrip line is connected with feed, and described lower surface element is a ground plate.Each antenna array element is made of N square radiation fin that is arranged in order, and N can be taken as 2～10.Each radiation fin passes microwave-medium substrate and ground plate conducting by the short circuit pin; Be etched with square groove on the radiation fin of antenna array element ragged edge (to be the outside away from arc connecting line one side), the electromagnetic current that improves on the ragged edge radiation fin distributes; Be etched with the side tooth profile etched line between per two radiation fins, it is interdigital to constitute one or more side tooth profiles, and to constitute interdigital capacitor, the electromagnetic coupled between the enhanced rad sheet constitutes the needed distributed capacitance of left-and-right-hand transmission line thereby can form between radiation fin; Be etched with the slit between described arc connecting line and the radiation fin, strengthen the electromagnetic coupled between arc connecting line and the radiation fin, the spacing in slit can be 0.1mm～0.3mm.
Described microwave-medium substrate is made of the Teflon material, and this kind microwave dielectric material has cheap and superior ageing resistace, and the microwave-medium substrate also can be made of other microwave dielectric materials such as FR4 epoxy glass fabric or expanded polystyrene (EPS)s.
Described arc connecting line is similar to arc microstrip line for the shape bending.
The interdigital capacitor width that described side tooth profile etched line constitutes is less than the radiation fin width.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the mode of having used the capacitive part that plays the left hand effect in the composite right/left-handed transmission line technology instead interdigital capacitor, strengthened the electromagnetic coupled between the radiation fin, improve the distribution of impedance situation of antenna, improved the bandwidth of antenna; Utilize an arc connecting line and an end to connect the optimization setting of the tie point position between the microstrip line of feed, adjust the phase difference between two the antenna array element, thereby the electromagnetic current that improves whole binary array antenna distributes, further improve the radiation bandwidth and the gain of antenna array, obtain the wavelet binary battle array millimeter wave antenna in high-gain, broadband.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the invention process example 1 broadband binary array antenna.
Fig. 2 is the upper surface component structure schematic diagram of the invention process example 1 broadband binary array antenna.
Fig. 3 is the resonance characteristic isoboles of antenna array element of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the return loss/frequency curve chart of the broadband binary array antenna of the invention process example 1.
Fig. 5 is voltage standing wave ratio (the VSWR)/frequency curve chart of the broadband binary battle array of the invention process example 1.
Fig. 6 is the upper surface component structure schematic diagram of the invention process example 2 broadband binary array antennas.
Among the figure, 10-microwave-medium substrate, 20-upper surface element, 21-radiation fin, 22-interdigital capacitor, 23-slit, 24-square groove, the arc connecting line of 25-, 26-microstrip line, 30-ground plate, 41-short circuit pin.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the binary array antenna of a kind of broadband, high-gain based on the composite right/left-handed transmission line technology, comprise that one covers the microwave-medium substrate 10 of the Teflon material of Copper Foil, by upper surface element 20 and the ground plate 30 of etching Copper Foil in the upper and lower surface formation of microwave-medium substrate, pass the short circuit pin 41 that the microwave-medium substrate connects upper surface element and ground plate, wherein
Described binary array antenna is made up of two identical antenna array elements of structure, and the radiation fin 21 of each antenna array element can be that N (N=3 in the present embodiment) is individual, and the size of each radiation fin 21 is set at 3.5mm * 3.5mm; The radiation fin 21 of described antenna array element is respectively by short circuit pin 41 and ground plate 30 conductings; Electromagnetic coupled between the adjacent radiation fin 21 of described antenna array element is undertaken by interdigital capacitor 22, in this embodiment 1 interdigital capacitor only be designed to one interdigital, interdigital physical size is 0.2mm * 0.4mm, and the spacing between interdigital with the corresponding radiation fin is 0.2mm; The radiation fin 21 of described antenna array element ragged edge is etched with square groove 24, and the electromagnetic current that changes on the radiation fin distributes, and distributed capacitance is provided; In this embodiment 1, square groove 24 is of a size of 0.6mm * 0.4mm.
Be by being connected between described two antenna array elements with two ports of arc connecting line 25, and the radiation fin 21 of antenna array element and the electromagnetic coupled between the arc connecting line 25 are undertaken by a rectangular aperture 23, and arc connecting line 25 is of a size of 15.5mm * 1.5mm;
A bit being connected in the middle of described microstrip line 26 1 ends and the arc connecting line 25, in this embodiment 1 between two ports of its tie point and arc connecting line 25 apart from the phase difference of half operation wavelength; The other end of microstrip line 26 is connected with feed; Microstrip line 26 is of a size of 3.8mm * 0.8mm;
Described radiation fin 21, interdigital capacitor 22, ground plate 30, short circuit pin 41 has been formed left-and-right-hand transmission line structure on microwave-medium substrate 10.
Be used for determining that the theoretical derivation of above-mentioned design is as follows:
According to Theory of Electromagnetic Field and transmission line theory, the resonance characteristic of the antenna array element of antenna of the present invention can equivalence for as shown in Figure 3, among Fig. 3, symbol L
R, C
L, C
RAnd L
LRepresent series inductance, series capacitance, shunt capacitance and shunt inductance respectively.According to not having consumption transmission line theory, the propagation constant of transmission line
Wherein Z and Y are respectively the impedance and the admittance of the unit length of transmission line.
According to the Floquent boundary condition of Bloch theory and periodic boundary, the dispersion equation that can obtain periodicity unit shown in Figure 3 is as follows:
Wherein,
With
β is a Bloch wave propagation constant, and d is the length of periodicity unit.At ω
M＞ω
ESituation under, the dispersion curve of transmission line can obtain by calculating formula (1).Can obtain the different resonance frequency of above-mentioned composite right/left-handed transmission line when β d gets different value, concrete expression formula is as follows:
N in the following formula (=l/d) represent the number of periodic unit and the length of whole resonator respectively with l.Formula (2) points out also that when n=0 the resonant element of this composite left-and-right-hand structure has the resonance frequency of zeroth order, and its expression formula is:
By formula (3) as can be seen, the zeroth order resonance frequency of composite right/left-handed transmission line is that shunt inductance and the shunt capacitance by periodic unit determined, and is irrelevant with the total length of whole transmission line (being made of a plurality of periodic units).Therefore, can utilize composite right/left-handed transmission line to come the constructor wave antenna according to this thought.
In this embodiment 1, each antenna array element is made of three periodic units based on right-hand man's structure.Electric capacity, the electric current that interdigital capacitor 22 between the periodic unit, radiation fin 21 and ground plate are 30 flows through the inductance that short circuit pin 41 that inductance that radiation fin 21 produces and electric current flow through radiation fin 21 and 30 conductings of ground plate produces has formed the series capacitance C that constitutes composite right/left-handed transmission line jointly
L, shunt capacitance C
R, series inductance L
RWith shunt inductance L
LTherefore as can be seen, binary array antenna of the present invention possesses the desired condition of zeroth order resonance.As experiment, we have designed based on the zeroth order resonance frequency is f
0The binary array antenna of=10.3GHz.The physical size of antenna array element is 0.37 λ
0* 0.12 λ
0, λ wherein
0Be zeroth order resonance wavelength, specifically see the invention process example 1 Fig. 1.This binary array antenna has reached the effect that expection is set, and the binary array antenna physical size of this wavelet is far smaller than the minimum dimension value that traditional microstrip antenna can reach, and this illustrates that the present invention can implement.
Fig. 4 is the return loss/frequency curve chart of the broadband binary array antenna of the invention process example 1; Fig. 5 is voltage standing wave ratio (the VSWR)/frequency curve chart of the broadband binary battle array of the invention process example 1.As can be seen from the figure, the absolute bandwidth of antenna reaches 480MHz (VSWR＜2), reaches the design standard of ultra-wideband antenna.As seen, the present invention is obviously and significantly in the effect of expanding on the antenna frequencies bandwidth.The peak value Gain of the broadband binary array antenna of the invention process example 1 reaches 9.7dBi.
Embodiment 2:
See also the upper surface component structure schematic diagram of Fig. 6 for the invention process example 2 broadband binary array antennas.Interdigital capacitor 22 between the adjacent radiation sheet 21 be designed to 5 interdigital, microwave-medium substrate 10 is a FR4 expoxy glass cloth material, other structures are all identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. the broadband binary array antenna of a composite right/left-handed transmission line, comprise that one applies the microwave-medium substrate of Copper Foil and upper surface element and the lower surface element that forms respectively by the upper and lower surface of etching Copper Foil on the microwave-medium substrate, it is characterized in that: described upper surface element comprises two antenna array elements that structure is identical, is connected by arc connecting line between the antenna array element; Somewhere in the middle of the arc connecting line connects an end of microstrip line, tie point differs λ/2 between the distance of two ports of arc connecting line, λ is the operation wavelength of antenna array element, the other end of microstrip line is connected with feed, described lower surface element is a ground plate, each antenna array element is made of N square radiation fin that is arranged in order, and N gets 2～10, and each radiation fin passes microwave-medium substrate and ground plate conducting by the short circuit pin; Be etched with square groove on the radiation fin of antenna array element ragged edge, be etched with the side tooth profile etched line between per two radiation fins, it is interdigital to constitute one or more side tooth profiles, to constitute interdigital capacitor, be etched with the slit between described arc connecting line and the radiation fin, the spacing in slit can be 0.1mm～0.3mm.
2. the broadband binary array antenna of a kind of composite right/left-handed transmission line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described microwave-medium substrate by the Teflon material constitute, FR4 epoxy glass fabric or expanded polystyrene (EPS) constitute.
3. the broadband binary array antenna of a kind of composite right/left-handed transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described arc connecting line is the microstrip line of shape bending.
4. the broadband binary array antenna of a kind of composite right/left-handed transmission line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the interdigital capacitor width that described side tooth profile etched line constitutes is less than the radiation fin width.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN102570003A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal and antenna device thereof |
| WO2012167683A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna and data card |
| CN103296470A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-11 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Metamaterial antenna, substrate of metamaterial antenna and method for manufacturing metamaterial antenna |
| CN103490160A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-01 | 河海大学常州校区 | Microstrip antenna based on composite right/left-handed transmission line |
| CN103620870A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2014-03-05 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Electrically small vertical split-ring resonator antennas |
| CN110224216A (en) * | 2019-06-08 | 2019-09-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | MIMO array 5G antenna for mobile phone based on CRLH-TL structure |
| WO2020088407A1 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-07 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Antenna, signal transmission device and television |
| CN113185750A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-30 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Microwave dielectric material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113659318A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-16 | 海信集团控股股份有限公司 | Millimeter wave antenna and terminal |
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| WO2012167683A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna and data card |
| CN103620870B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2017-02-15 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Electrically small vertical split-ring resonator antennas |
| CN103620870A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2014-03-05 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Electrically small vertical split-ring resonator antennas |
| US9502761B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2016-11-22 | Nec Corporation | Electrically small vertical split-ring resonator antennas |
| CN102570003A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal and antenna device thereof |
| CN102570003B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-06-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal and antenna device thereof |
| CN103296470A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-11 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Metamaterial antenna, substrate of metamaterial antenna and method for manufacturing metamaterial antenna |
| CN103296470B (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-10-14 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | The substrate of Super-material antenna, Super-material antenna and the manufacture method of Super-material antenna |
| CN103490160A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-01 | 河海大学常州校区 | Microstrip antenna based on composite right/left-handed transmission line |
| WO2020088407A1 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-07 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Antenna, signal transmission device and television |
| CN110224216A (en) * | 2019-06-08 | 2019-09-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | MIMO array 5G antenna for mobile phone based on CRLH-TL structure |
| CN110224216B (en) * | 2019-06-08 | 2020-11-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | MIMO array 5G mobile phone antenna based on CRLH-TL structure |
| CN113185750A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-30 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Microwave dielectric material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113659318A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-16 | 海信集团控股股份有限公司 | Millimeter wave antenna and terminal |
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