CN101950472A - Dual-frequency wireless sensor node - Google Patents
Dual-frequency wireless sensor node Download PDFInfo
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- CN101950472A CN101950472A CN2010102582418A CN201010258241A CN101950472A CN 101950472 A CN101950472 A CN 101950472A CN 2010102582418 A CN2010102582418 A CN 2010102582418A CN 201010258241 A CN201010258241 A CN 201010258241A CN 101950472 A CN101950472 A CN 101950472A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-frequency wireless sensor node, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a power supply module and two wireless data transmission modules, namely a ZigBee-based short-distance wireless communication module and a remote wireless communication module using a wireless power amplifying circuit. The remote wireless communication module and the short-distance wireless communication module are respectively connected with the data processing module; the data acquisition module acquires data of ambient environment, transmits the data to the data processing module for analysis processing and selects one wireless data transmission module for remote or short-distance data transmission as required; and the power supply module supplies power to the modules. The dual-frequency wireless sensor node has the advantages of novel and reasonable design, simple and convenient use and operation and capability of effectively solving the problems of nonuniform energy consumption and bottleneck node of the conventional wireless sensor node by increasing the communication distance of the node.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless sensor network technology field, especially relate to a kind of wireless sensor node of long haul communication.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network is that a large amount of sensor nodes is arranged in the monitored area, a kind of network that constitutes by the wireless telecommunications self-organization between node.Wireless sensor network is made up of three parts usually: sensor node, gateway node and user management node.Sensor node comprises parts such as sensing data collection, data processing, wireless data transmission, each node can be gathered the data of its surrounding environment, as temperature, humidity, light intensity, vibrations, magnetic field or the like, use the wireless multi-hop mode to communicate by letter between each node, Monitoring Data is through reaching gateway node behind the multi-hop, by gateway node the data of collecting handled at last and given the user management node by internet or satellite transmission.The user can be configured and manage by management node wireless sensor network, issue monitoring task and collection Monitoring Data etc.
On network topology structure, sensor network mainly contains two kinds of structures: planar structure and hierarchical structure.In planar structure, the status of all nodes is an equality, does not have any grade difference.Planar structure has robustness preferably, but shortcoming is a poor expandability.In hierarchical structure, have certain related sensor node and form bunch, and the management be responsible for bunch of election leader cluster node.Bunch interior nodes is formed a network, and has formed the network of higher level between the leader cluster node.Hierarchical structure has extensibility preferably, has obtained widespread use in engineering.
At present, wireless sensor network generally adopts the ZigBee technology, and this is a kind of short distance of developing based on the 802.15.4 wireless standard, low-power consumption, wireless communication technology cheaply, and it is operated on the 2.4GHz ISM band, and transmission range is 10m～75m.But in actual applications, when distance between the leader cluster node is big, adopt the Zigbee technology to communicate.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome prior art inter-node communication apart from short deficiency, the invention provides a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node, can strengthen the node communication distance, effectively solve the problem that existing Zigbee wireless sensor node can't serve as leader cluster node.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: comprise data acquisition module, data processing module and power module, also comprise two wireless data transfer modules, one of them is based on the short-distance wireless communication module of ZigBee, another is the remote-wireless communication module that adopts the wireless power amplifying circuit, and described remote-wireless communication module and short-distance wireless communication module are joined with data processing module respectively.Data collecting module collected passes to data processing module after the data of surrounding environment and carries out analyzing and processing, selects a wireless data transfer module then as required, carries out remote or in-plant data transmission, and power module is above-mentioned each module for power supply.
Described remote-wireless communication module comprises that wireless telecommunications chip and wireless radio frequency power amplify chip; The described output result who provides processing module amplifies chip by wireless radio frequency power and carries out power amplification after the wireless telecommunications chip is handled, launch by antenna then.
Described remote-wireless communication chip is the CC1100 chip, and it is the PA2460 chip that described wireless radio frequency power amplifies chip.
Described short-distance wireless communication module is the CC2420 chip that joins with antenna.
Be connected to radio frequency I/O match circuit IC1 between described short-distance wireless communication module and the antenna.
Described data processing module is the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer.
Described power module is that voltage is the alkaline battery of 1.5V.
Described remote-wireless communication module also comprises two electronic commutator chips, a balun and two filtering circuits, described remote-wireless communication chip amplifies chip, another filtering circuit, another switch chip and antenna and joins with balun, an electronic commutator chip, filtering circuit, a wireless radio frequency power successively, need to be used to the signal emission of power amplifier and the switching of two states of signal reception that do not need power amplifier.
Described electronic commutator chip is the SKY13270 chip.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention also can satisfy the demand of long haul communication between the leader cluster node in the advantage of giving full play to the ZigBee technology.The present invention is a core with AVR single chip computer AT mega128L, adding power amplifier with radio receiving transmitting module CC2420 chip and CC1100 chip is wireless communication module, and form in conjunction with peripheral sensor, thereby by the constructed network of double-frequency wireless sensor node of the present invention, both can work in 2.4GHz and carry out data communication based on the ZigBee agreement, also can work in 433MHz and utilize CC1100 and power amplifier to carry out telecommunication, have very strong dirigibility.By application of the present invention, make wireless sensor node have far away, nearly two kinds of abilitys to communicate simultaneously, and can control two wireless communication modules according to the residing actual conditions of node by software, having very big dirigibility, also is simultaneously a solution to the existing existing problem of wireless sensor network.In sum, modern design of the present invention, rationally and use easy and simple to handlely can effectively solve the uneven and bottleneck node problem of the existing energy consumption of existing wireless sensor node from the angle that strengthens the node communication distance.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of data processing module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of short-distance wireless communication module of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of remote-wireless communication module of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the data transmission synoptic diagram of double-frequency wireless sensor node of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the data communication synoptic diagram of double-frequency wireless sensor node isolated network of the present invention.
Among the figure, the 1-data acquisition module; The 2-data processing module; The 3-wireless data transfer module; 3-1-remote-wireless communication module; 3-2-short-distance wireless communication module; The 4-power module; The 5-antenna; The 6-base station; 7-double-frequency wireless sensor node; The 8-monitor area; The dead node of 9-; But 10-intercommunication news node; The 11-bottleneck node.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes data acquisition module 1, carry out the data processing module 2 of analyzing and processing, join and dispose the wireless data transfer module 3 of wireless telecommunications with antenna 5 with data processing module 2 to data acquisition module 1 is signal collected, and the power module 4 that each electricity consumption module is powered.Described wireless data transfer module 3 comprises remote-wireless communication module 3-1 and the short-distance wireless communication module 3-2 that carries out networking based on the ZigBee agreement, and described remote-wireless communication module 3-1 and short-distance wireless communication module 3-2 join with data processing module 2 respectively.
Described data acquisition module 1 comprises polytype sensors such as temperature, humidity and the A/D change-over circuit module of joining with each sensor, because the requirement for restriction of node volume and energy places all the sensors volume of data acquisition module 1 inside as far as possible little, power consumption will be low and peripheral circuit is simple, in the present embodiment, all the sensors is placed on separately in the little circuit board, and the socket by 51 pins is that the circuit board of data processing module 2 links to each other with sensor and node motherboard.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, described remote-wireless communication module 3-1 comprises remote-wireless communication chip and the wireless radio frequency power amplification chip that joins with described remote-wireless communication chip; Described wireless radio frequency power amplifies chip and antenna 5 joins.In the present embodiment, described remote-wireless communication chip is the CC1100 chip, and it is the PA2460 chip that described wireless radio frequency power amplifies chip.
Described data processing module 2 is the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, and described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer is with the storage chip of AT45DB041B chip as its expansion simultaneously.Data processing module 2 is calculating cores of the present invention, is bearing the processing to sensing data, wireless communication data, also will manage the Task Distribution of node self, energy consumption etc. simultaneously.The ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer is 8 little processing of high-performance of adopting the Low-Power CMOS explained hereafter, can work in 6 kinds of sleep patterns, has rich in natural resources and low-down power consumption, is well suited for the requirement of wireless sensor node to low energy consumption.Carry out exchanges data by spi bus between described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer and CC2420 chip and the CC1100 chip.The ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer works in the SPI holotype, CC2420 chip and CC1100 chip operation in SPI from pattern.When sending data, the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer at first CC1100_CSN chip selection signal of the CC2420_CSN by the CC2420 chip or CC1100 chip is selected corresponding wireless communication module (being short-distance wireless communication module 3-2 or remote-wireless communication module 3-1) in the wireless data transfer module 3, and the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer is sent data to be sent into the wireless communication module of being chosen by spi bus and sent then; When described wireless communication module receives information, then receive information by the CC2420_INT of interrupt pin CC2420 chip or the CC1100_INT notice ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer of CC1100 chip.
Described short-distance wireless communication module 3-2 is the CC2420 chip that joins with antenna 5, is connected to radio frequency I/O match circuit IC1 between described CC2420 chip and the antenna 5.Described CC2420 chip be Chipcon release first meet the radio-frequency (RF) transceiver of 2.4GHz ZigBee standard, this chip is based on SmartRF 03 technology of Chipcon company, make with 0.18um CMOS technology, only need few external component, stable performance and power consumption are extremely low.Particularly, the PC7/A15 of described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, PED4/0C3B/INT4 and PC0/A8 pin correspondence connect FIFO, FIFOP and the CSN pin of described CC2420 chip respectively, the PC1/A9 of described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, PC2/A10 and PC3/A11 pin connect SCLK, SI and the SO pin of described CC2420 chip respectively behind resistance R 34, R33 and R32, the PD6/T1 of described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer and PD4/IC1 pin connect the CCA and the SFD pin of described CC2420 chip respectively; 3 corresponding with radio frequency I/O match circuit IC1 respectively pins of the RF_P of described CC2420 chip, TXRX_SWITCH and RF_N pin correspondence join.
Among the described remote-wireless communication module 3-1 except that CC1100 chip and PA2460 chip, also comprise two electronic commutator chip SKY13270, balun P1 and two filtering circuit Lb1 and Lb2, described CC1100 chip joins with balun P1, a switch chip SKY13270, filtering circuit Lb2, PA2460 chip, filtering circuit Lb1, another switch chip SKY13270 and antenna 5 successively, and described two electronic commutator chip SKY13270 join.Described CC1100 chip is the UHF transceiver of the real monolithic of a kind of low cost, uses for low-consumption wireless and designs, and its circuit mainly is set at 315,433,868 and ISM (industry, science and medical science) and SRD (short-range device) frequency band of 915MHz.In the present embodiment, the CC1100 chip is set in 433MHz.The PA2460 chip is that the wireless radio frequency power of a 400MHz to 480MHz amplifies chip, with its power amplifier as the CC1100 chip, can increase the transmission range of CC1100 chip.To sum up, when sending information by remote-wireless communication module 3-1, two electronic commutator chip SKY13270 after switching with PA2460 chip incoming radio frequency signal circuit in, after signal to be sent amplified, send into antenna 5 and launch; When receiving information by CC1100, not needing power amplifier is the PA2460 chip, and two electronic commutator chip SKY13270 change connection, and the PA2460 chip is isolated away from signal circuit.
Particularly, the PED4/OC3C/INT5 of described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer and PD7/T2 pin connect the GDO2 and the CSN pin of described CC1100 chip respectively, and the PC1/A9 of described ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, PC2/A10 and PC3/A11 pin connect SCLK, SI and the SO pin of described CC1100 chip respectively; Described CC1100 chip RF_P and RF_N pin correspondence join with two pin X1 and the X2 of balun P1 respectively, the I/O pin U1 of balun P1 connects the J1 pin of a switch chip SKY13270, and the J3 pin of this switch chip SKY13270 connects the RF_IN pin of described PA2460 chip behind filtering circuit Lb2, two RF_OUT pins of described PA2460 chip all connect the signal input part of filtering circuit Lb1, the signal output part of described filtering circuit Lb1 connects the J2 pin of another switch chip SKY13270, the J1 pin of described another switch chip SKY13270 joins with antenna 5 after capacitor C 29, and the J3 pin of described another switch chip SKY13270 connects the J2 pin of first switch chip SKY13270.The V1 of first switch chip SKY13270 and V2 pin connect RE and TE end respectively behind resistance R 17 and R20, the V2 of another switch chip SKY13270 and V1 pin connect RE and TE end respectively behind resistance R 21 and R22.
Described power module 4 is that the voltage of two joint series connection is the alkaline battery of 1.5V.Described power module 4 is being controlled the energy distribution of whole double-frequency wireless sensor node 7.Because the operating voltage of all sensor, ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, CC2420 chip and CC1100 chip all is+3V in the data acquisition module 1, thereby only need after power end adds filter capacitor separately, just can directly power by power module 4.For the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, its VCC1 and VCC2 pin all connect the VCC power end of power module 4, and VCC power end and described AVCC pin through capacitor C 15 after the ground connection of the AVCC pin of ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer through connecing power module 4 after the resistance R 18.But the operating voltage of described PA2460 chip is+1.2V and+5V, its required+1.2V and+the 5V operating voltage obtains after adopting the straight-straight conversion chip MAX8640Y of U.S. letter and MAX1524 general+3V voltage to change.In the actual use, when double-frequency wireless sensor node 7 did not need to carry out telecommunication, 4 pin of putting chip MAX8640Y and MAX1524 were low level, closed straight-straight change-over circuit, to cut down the consumption of energy.
As shown in Figure 5, after utilizing double-frequency wireless sensor node 7 of the present invention in monitor area 8, to make up wireless network, 7 of each double-frequency wireless sensor nodes start its inner short-distance wireless communication module 3-2 CC2420 chip during beginning, and described CC2420 chip operation carries out networking in 2.4GHz and based on the ZigBee agreement.When with double-frequency wireless sensor node 7 death (promptly becoming dead node 9) of base station 6 close together after, to open its inner remote-wireless communication module 3-1 simultaneously be the CC1100 chip to 67 of double-frequency wireless sensor nodes far away from the base station, described CC1100 chip utilizes 433MHz and base station 6 to carry out telecommunication, but 7 of double-frequency wireless sensor nodes that start short-distance wireless communication module 3-2 and remote-wireless communication module 3-1 simultaneously are called intercommunication news node 10.
In conjunction with Fig. 6, because also to be added with the wireless power amplifying circuit on described CC1100 chip be the PA2460 chip, thereby can make the communication distance of single double-frequency wireless sensor node 7 reach nearly 1000m, much larger than the scope of the maximum communication distance 75m of ZigBee agreement.Certainly, consider, can also control the emissive power of double-frequency wireless sensor node 7, it can be communicated with base station 7 get final product from energy-conservation angle.The node of a lot of single-hop communication apart from coverage base station 6 just arranged in the network like this, thereby prolong network serviceable life; For the bottleneck node problem, search algorithm with " the accurate bottleneck node " that now proposed earlier, find out the bottleneck node 12 in the whole wireless network, then according to the bottleneck node 12 and the energy reserve situation of node on every side thereof, select suitable double-frequency wireless sensor node 7, make it work in 433MHz telecommunication pattern simultaneously, but promptly become intercommunication news node 10.Like this, the isolated network that distributes is between a plurality of isolated monitor areas 8, but just has more intercommunication news node 10 can carry out mutual communication.Thereby eliminated the influence of bottleneck node 12, also avoided moving energy consumption and the restriction of suffered geographical environment that other node is produced.To sum up, the present invention can solve uneven and two problems of bottleneck node of the existing energy consumption of existing wireless sensor node from strengthening the angle of node communication distance.
In sum, the present invention mainly is made up of data acquisition module 1, data processing module 2, wireless data transfer module 3 and 4 four modules of power module.Wherein, power module 4 comprises two joint 1.5V alkaline batteries, switch, straight-straight change-over circuit and filtering circuit, and it is responsible for to each electricity consumption module for power supply.Data acquisition module 1 is made up of polytype sensor such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and acceleration and A/D change-over circuit module, is used for gathering the information in the monitor area 8 and being converted to digital quantity.Data processing module 2 is a core with the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer, and with the storage chip of AT45DB041B chip as expansion, this module is responsible for work such as the Routing Protocol, data fusion, task management of whole node.3 of wireless data transfer modules are made up of CC2420 chip and the external wireless power amplifier PA2460 chip two parts of CC1100 chip, are responsible for data communication.
Claims (8)
1. double-frequency wireless sensor node, comprise data acquisition module, data processing module and power module, it is characterized in that: also comprise two wireless data transfer modules, one of them is based on the short-distance wireless communication module of ZigBee, another is the remote-wireless communication module that adopts the wireless power amplifying circuit, and described remote-wireless communication module and short-distance wireless communication module are joined with data processing module respectively; Data collecting module collected passes to data processing module after the data of surrounding environment and carries out analyzing and processing, selects a wireless data transfer module then as required, carries out remote or in-plant data transmission, and power module is above-mentioned each module for power supply.
2. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described remote-wireless communication module comprises that wireless telecommunications chip and wireless radio frequency power amplify chip; The described output result who provides processing module amplifies chip by wireless radio frequency power and carries out power amplification after the wireless telecommunications chip is handled, launch by antenna then.
3. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described remote-wireless communication chip is the CC1100 chip, and it is the PA2460 chip that described wireless radio frequency power amplifies chip.
4. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described short-distance wireless communication module is the CC2420 chip that joins with antenna.
5. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected to radio frequency I/O match circuit IC1 between described short-distance wireless communication module and the antenna.
6. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described data processing module is the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer.
7. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described power module is that voltage is the alkaline battery of 1.5V.
8. a kind of double-frequency wireless sensor node according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described remote-wireless communication module also comprises two electronic commutator chips, a balun and two filtering circuits, described remote-wireless communication chip amplifies chip, another filtering circuit, another switch chip and antenna and joins with balun, an electronic commutator chip, filtering circuit, a wireless radio frequency power successively, need to be used to the signal emission of power amplifier and the switching of two states of signal reception that do not need power amplifier.
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| CN113792563A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-14 | 河北工业大学 | Dual-mode radio frequency identification sensor, system and working method |
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Application publication date: 20110119 |