CN101949829B - Nuclear power hydrogen concentration detecting device - Google Patents

Nuclear power hydrogen concentration detecting device Download PDF

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CN101949829B
CN101949829B CN2010102733460A CN201010273346A CN101949829B CN 101949829 B CN101949829 B CN 101949829B CN 2010102733460 A CN2010102733460 A CN 2010102733460A CN 201010273346 A CN201010273346 A CN 201010273346A CN 101949829 B CN101949829 B CN 101949829B
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optical fiber
hydrogen
nuclear power
air chamber
hydrogen concentration
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CN101949829A (en
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蔡晓波
刘东友
郭嗣杰
田彦民
范广军
段敬彬
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718th Research Institute of CSIC
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718th Research Institute of CSIC
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Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear power hydrogen concentration detecting device. The device can perform real-time online monitoring on hydrogen concentration at a plurality of points in a confined space of a nuclear power station. The device consists of an optical fiber-based hydrogen concentration sensor array, a standard air chamber, an optical coupler, a light source, a photoelectric converter, a signal processing unit and a computer output unit. The hydrogen concentration sensor array is arranged in a containment, and other equipment is positioned on an instrument operating platform outside the containment. The optical fiber sensing technology-based nuclear power hydrogen concentration detecting device can simultaneously meet the requirements on safety, real-time online detection and noninterference to the detected environment, has the characteristics of small volume, light weight and high flexibility, and is particularly suitable for the nuclear power station containment environment requiring light load and small installation space. The nuclear power hydrogen concentration detecting device has the advantages of chemical corrosion resistance, suitability for severe environment temperature and no electromagnetic interference, and is suitable for remote large-scale multipoint multiplexing detection.

Description

A kind of nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrogen concentration detection technique field in the nuclear power containment, the distributed hydrogen concentration on-line measuring device of particularly a kind of multiple spot on a large scale.
Background technology
According to the far-seeing plan of National Development and Reform Committee, plan that China is with newly-built a plurality of million kilowatt nuclear power units at the bottom of the year two thousand twenty, the nuclear power total scale will reach 3,600 ten thousand kilowatts.The nuclear power production domesticization will drive the fast development of relevant supporting industry, will have more wide development and usage space undoubtedly as nuclear power station auxiliary facility various monitoring systems partly.
The security of nuclear power is the focus that the sector development is paid close attention to the most.Although the frequency that nuclear power station has an accident is extremely low,, still can not ignore its risk because its consequence is quite serious.Melt commitment at the major accident reactor core, zirconium-water reaction can produce a large amount of hydrogen and heat.The radiolysis of post incident reactor core melts and concrete reaction and water also can produce a large amount of hydrogen.If the corresponding hydrogen concentration monitoring and the hydrogen system that disappears are not installed in the containment; The hydrogen accumulation of regional area possibly cause acute combustion and fire; Produce the pressure and temperature load state that surpasses the containment structure designed capacity; Damage containment, and radiomaterial is leaked in the atmosphere, cause environmental pollution.Therefore in order to guarantee the integrality of containment, the design of nuclear power station must be introduced effective, safe hydrogen monitoring and control device.
As the nuclear power plant environment under the certain environmental conditions, the online detection of hydrogen concentration is very complicated.Vapor-phase chromatography, densitometer method, radiant heat method, chemical catalysis etc. are adopted in traditional density of hydrogen analysis usually.Vapor-phase chromatography needs sample analysis, can not detect in real time; The densitometer method pipeline length, calibration difficulties, precision is low, speed is slow; Under the accident condition of nuclear power plant containment shell, the heat conduction instrument can be ineffective owing to the rapid variation of environmental baselines such as gas temperature, pressure; The chemical catalysis instrument is under radioactive environment, and toxic reaction can take place catalyzer, and loses its measurement function.Based on electrochemical hydrogen sensor; With being connected of system be to accomplish through copper lines, increased the weight of load, the consumption of power, the more important thing is; Detect for multiple spot, electromagnetic interference (EMI) that copper lines is potential and electric spark may cause catastrophic consequence.Therefore, press for a kind of can be under nuclear power plant environment, the hydrogen concentration detection system of online multiple spot monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is primarily aimed at the problem of nuclear power hydrogen concentration monitoring and the existence of control technology aspect, proposes a kind of hydrogen concentration detection means based on optical fiber sensing technology, can be safe, real-time carry out online detection, and do not disturb test environment; Can resist chemical, no electromagnetic interference (EMI), be suitable for rugged surrounding temperature, be applicable to that multiple spot detects on a large scale.
This nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means comprises: hydrogen concentration sensor array, standard air chamber, photo-coupler, light source, photoelectric commutator, signal processing unit and output units;
The hydrogen concentration sensor array is made up of a plurality of identical molten tapered optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1～SN; Optical fiber dissolves the outside coating palladium metal formation palladium film in awl district in the optical fiber hydrogen sensor; Each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is installed in each place, monitoring point in the nuclear power containment with the multiple spot distribution form, and through a radioresistance optical fiber each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is cascaded; Radioresistance outer fiber in the nuclear power containment is installed the shielding armor;
Standard air chamber, photo-coupler, light source, photoelectric commutator, signal processing unit and output units are arranged on the outer instrument mounting platform of nuclear power containment n; The standard air chamber links to each other through optical fiber with photo-coupler, and light source links to each other with photo-coupler 3 through optical fiber respectively with photoelectric commutator;
Identical optical fiber hydrogen sensor and the concentration known C of optical fiber hydrogen sensor in one of standard air chamber inner sealing and the nuclear power containment 0Hydrogen; Light source provides light pulse to optic fibre light path; Photoelectric commutator converts the light signal of the retroreflection light intensity of light path feedback into electric signal, sends into output units through the conditioning of signal processing unit;
Output units collects the retroreflection light intensity of standard air chamber and each optical fiber hydrogen sensor, therefrom obtains the decay intensity h of standard air chamber retroreflection light intensity 0Decay intensity h with each optical fiber hydrogen sensor retroreflection light intensity Sn, n is 1 to N integer; Calculate the density of hydrogen C of optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn Sn:
C Sn＝C 0×h Sn/h 0。
Preferably, said output units is further used for when the density of hydrogen of Sn, further utilizing correction factor k SnThe density of hydrogen that correction calculation obtains makes C Sn=C Sn/ k Sn
Preferably, said output units is further used for confirming correction factor k Sn, be specially: before nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means test beginning, each place, monitoring point discharges the hydrogen of concentration known C1; Output units records the decay intensity h of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor retroreflection light intensity Sn' and the decay intensity h of standard air chamber retroreflection light intensity 0, calculate the density of hydrogen measured value C of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn Sn'=C 0* h Sn'/h 0Utilize density of hydrogen measured value and known density of hydrogen, calculation correction factor k Sn=C Sn'/C1;
Correction factor k according to optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn SnAnd carry out match apart from d between optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn and the standard air chamber, obtain the correction factor matched curve;
When using correction factor, according between optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn and the standard air chamber apart from d Sn, search the correction factor matched curve, obtain correction factor k Sn
Preferably, output units is further used for, and the method that adopts test of many times to make even equal obtains the correction factor of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor, and then match obtains the correction factor matched curve.
Nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means disclosed by the invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention's up to a hundred sensor units that can in the nuclear power containment, distribute, thus realize the online detection of hydrogen concentration multiple spot of monitored area on a large scale.
(2) in whole monitoring range, only use optical fiber, do not produce any electric signal, do not introduce any external electric signal, therefore can not produce electric spark, be the hydrogen concentration detection means of intrinsic safety.
(3) because fiber transmission speeds is fast, so native system is highly sensitive, and response speed is fast, and temperature performance is better.
(4) on-the-spot easy to use, sensor is affected by the external environment little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the technical route figure of distributed hydrogen concentration detection means in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the testing result output map of standard air chamber and sensor unit S1.
Fig. 4 is the testing result output map of standard air chamber and a plurality of sensor units.
Wherein, 1-hydrogen concentration sensor array, 2-standard air chamber, 3-photo-coupler; The 4-light source, 5-photoelectric commutator, 6-signal processing unit, 7-output units; N-nuclear power containment, S, S1, S2, S3-optical fiber hydrogen sensor, u-radioresistance optical fiber, the outer instrument mounting platform of q-shell.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, describe the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means, as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises hydrogen concentration sensor array 1, standard air chamber 2, photo-coupler 3, light source 4, photoelectric commutator 5, signal processing unit 6 and output units 7.
Wherein:
(1) hydrogen concentration sensor array 1 is made up of a plurality of molten tapered optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1～SN, and optical fiber dissolves the outside coating palladium metal formation palladium film in awl district in the optical fiber hydrogen sensor.Each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is installed in the nuclear power containment n with the multiple spot distribution form, is mounted in each place, hydrogen concentration monitoring point in the nuclear power containment n specifically, and through a radioresistance optical fiber u each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is cascaded.The outside shielding armor of installing of radioresistance optical fiber u in the nuclear power containment n.
(2) standard air chamber 2 inner sealing concentration known C 0Hydrogen with one with nuclear power containment n in the identical optical fiber hydrogen sensor of optical fiber hydrogen sensor.Standard air chamber 2 is a detachable unit, is convenient to regularly replace standard air chamber 2, to guarantee standard hydrogen constant concentration.
(3) standard air chamber 2, photo-coupler 3, light source 4, photoelectric commutator 5, signal processing unit 6 and output units 7 are positioned at outside the nuclear power containment n, are installed on the outer instrument mounting platform q of shell.Standard air chamber 2 and photo-coupler 3 link to each other through optical fiber, and light source 4 links to each other with photo-coupler 3 through optical fiber respectively with photoelectric commutator 5; Photoelectric commutator 5 connects output units 7 through signal processing unit 6.Photoelectric commutator 5 converts light signal into electric signal, sends into output units 7 after the amplification through signal processing unit 6, filtering, the A/D conversion.
The course of work of above-mentioned nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means is:
Light source 4 provides light pulse to optic fibre light path.The light pulse that light source 4 sends arrives each optical fiber hydrogen sensor through Optical Fiber Transmission, and the optical fiber hydrogen sensor produces the back to Rayleigh scattering.When the monitoring point had hydrogen concentration to change, the optical fiber hydrogen sensor palladium film of this monitoring point shrank, and occurred obviously descending to reflective light intensity thereafter, and its falling head is exactly the decay intensity of retroreflection light intensity.The retroreflection light intensity arrives photoelectric commutator 5 through light path, and photoelectric commutator 5 retroreflection light intensity convert electric signal into, send into output units 7 through the conditioning of signal processing unit 6.Output units 7 is measured the decay intensity of retroreflection light intensity, and contrast standard air chamber 2 decay intensity measurement results can obtain the density of hydrogen of monitoring point, and by output units 7 output result of calculations.
Be the processing mode that example is described output units 7 in detail so that an optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1 to be set in the nuclear power containment below, and standard density of hydrogen C in the tentative standard air chamber 0=3%.
Output units 7 collects the retroreflection light intensity signal of standard air chamber 2 and optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1, and is as shown in Figure 3, therefrom obtains the decay intensity h of standard air chamber retroreflection light intensity 0The decay intensity h of=1.518dB and optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1 retroreflection light intensity S1=2.05dB; Utilize the proportionate relationship between the decay intensity of density of hydrogen and retroreflection light intensity of standard air chamber, calculate the density of hydrogen C of S1 S1=C 0* h S1/ h 0=4.05%.
If a plurality of optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1～SN are set in the nuclear power containment, then output units 7 can collect the retroreflection light intensity signal of standard air chamber and each optical fiber hydrogen sensor, and is as shown in Figure 4, adopts formula C so Sn=C 0* h Sn/ h 0Just the density of hydrogen of each monitoring point can have been obtained.
Because each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is different with the distance of standard air chamber, in the proportionate relationship of the density of hydrogen of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor and decay intensity difference slightly, therefore, and preferably, consideration correction factor k during the density of hydrogen of calculating Sn Sn, utilize correction factor corrected concentrations measured value, even: C Sn=C Sn/ k Snk SnCorrection factor for Sn.
Correction factor can rule of thumb obtain, and is solidificated in the output units 7.Perhaps, in order to obtain accurate more correction factor, adopt following method:
Before test process formally begins, discharge the hydrogen of concentration known C1 at each place, monitoring point, output units 7 records the decay intensity h of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor retroreflection light intensity S1'～h Sn', and the decay intensity h of standard air chamber retroreflection light intensity 0Utilize the density of hydrogen of standard air chamber and the proportionate relationship C of decay intensity 0/ h 0, utilize formula C Sn'=C 0* h Sn'/h 0Calculate the density of hydrogen measured value C at each place, monitoring point S1'～C SN'.Then, utilize density of hydrogen measured value and concentration known C1 again, confirm the correction factor k of each monitoring point Sn=C Sn'/C1.
Then, according to the correction factor k of each monitoring point SnAnd carry out match apart from d between monitoring point and the standard air chamber, obtain the correction factor matched curve.Comprise the various correction factors corresponding in this matched curve apart from d.The correction factor of each monitoring point can repeatedly be measured to make even and all obtain.
When using correction factor, when for example using the correction factor of S1, according between S1 and the standard air chamber apart from d S1, search the correction factor matched curve, obtain the correction factor k at S1 place S1, substitution formula C S1=C S1/ k S1, the S1 point density of hydrogen after obtaining proofreading and correct.Suppose that the correction factor that S1 is ordered is 0.929, the S1 point density of hydrogen after then proofreading and correct is 4.36%.
In sum, more than being merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means is characterized in that, comprising: hydrogen concentration sensor array, standard air chamber, photo-coupler, light source, photoelectric commutator, signal processing unit and output units;
The hydrogen concentration sensor array is made up of a plurality of identical molten tapered optical fiber hydrogen sensor S1～SN; Optical fiber dissolves the outside coating palladium metal formation palladium film in awl district in the optical fiber hydrogen sensor; Each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is installed in each place, monitoring point in the nuclear power containment with the multiple spot distribution form, and through a radioresistance optical fiber each optical fiber hydrogen sensor is cascaded; Radioresistance outer fiber in the nuclear power containment is installed the shielding armor;
Standard air chamber, photo-coupler, light source, photoelectric commutator, signal processing unit and output units are arranged on the outer instrument mounting platform of nuclear power containment; The standard air chamber links to each other through optical fiber with photo-coupler, and light source links to each other with photo-coupler through optical fiber respectively with photoelectric commutator;
Identical optical fiber hydrogen sensor and the concentration known C of optical fiber hydrogen sensor in one of standard air chamber inner sealing and the nuclear power containment 0Hydrogen; Light source provides light pulse to optic fibre light path; Photoelectric commutator converts the light signal of the retroreflection light intensity of light path feedback into electric signal, sends into output units through the conditioning of signal processing unit;
Output units collects the retroreflection light intensity of standard air chamber and each optical fiber hydrogen sensor, therefrom obtains the decay intensity h of standard air chamber retroreflection light intensity 0Decay intensity h with each optical fiber hydrogen sensor retroreflection light intensity Sn, n is 1 to N integer; Calculate the density of hydrogen C of optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn Sn:
C Sn＝C 0×h Sn/h 0。
2. nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said output units is further used for when the density of hydrogen of Sn, further utilizing correction factor k SnThe density of hydrogen that correction calculation obtains makes C Sn=C Sn/ k Sn
3. nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said output units is further used for confirming correction factor k Sn, be specially: before nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means test beginning, each place, monitoring point discharges the hydrogen of concentration known C1; Output units records the decay intensity h of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor retroreflection light intensity Sn' and the decay intensity h of standard air chamber retroreflection light intensity 0, calculate the density of hydrogen measured value C of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn Sn'=C 0* h Sn'/h 0Utilize density of hydrogen measured value and known density of hydrogen, calculation correction factor k Sn=C Sn'/C1;
Carry out match according to the correction factor of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor and the distance between optical fiber hydrogen sensor and the standard air chamber, obtain the correction factor matched curve;
When using correction factor, according between optical fiber hydrogen sensor Sn and the standard air chamber apart from d Sn, search the correction factor matched curve, obtain correction factor k Sn
4. nuclear power hydrogen concentration detection means as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that; Output units is further used for, and the method that adopts test of many times to make even equal obtains the correction factor of each optical fiber hydrogen sensor, and then match obtains the correction factor matched curve.
CN2010102733460A 2010-09-07 2010-09-07 Nuclear power hydrogen concentration detecting device Active CN101949829B (en)

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CN102937609B (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-10-22 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 System for measuring hydrogen density in nuclear power plant containment vessel
CN104316461B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-06-13 武汉理工大学 The Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor of multi-layer nano membrana granulosa enhanced sensitivity
CN107561117B (en) * 2017-08-22 2022-07-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 Hydrogen sensor based on thermal conduction principle
CN109444083A (en) * 2018-07-23 2019-03-08 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 A kind of Optical Fider Hybrogen Sensor

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CN1587992A (en) * 2004-09-23 2005-03-02 上海交通大学 Micro suspension arm beam driven light intensity modulated type optic-fiber hydrogen sensor
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