CN101948362A - High-power emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-power emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101948362A CN101948362A CN 201010278790 CN201010278790A CN101948362A CN 101948362 A CN101948362 A CN 101948362A CN 201010278790 CN201010278790 CN 201010278790 CN 201010278790 A CN201010278790 A CN 201010278790A CN 101948362 A CN101948362 A CN 101948362A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power emulsion explosive and a preparation method thereof, aiming to provide a novel explosive with strong explosive capacity, low energy consumption and stable quality. The high-power emulsion explosive is formed by mixing a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-85 wt% of ammonium nitrate, 9-14 wt% of water, 3-5 wt% of nitrate, 0.3-2.0 wt% of urea, 0.3-3.5 wt% of modified Span-80 emulsifier, 0.3-3.5 wt% of compound oil phase, 1-1.5 wt% of paraffin and 0.8-3 wt% of quick foaming agent. The component B is one of porous granulous ammonium nitrate, or granulous ammonium nitrate or potassium nitrate. The weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 88-96:4-12. The processing method mainly comprises aqueous phase preparation, oil phase preparation, emulsification, sensitization and packaging, wherein porous granulous ammonium nitrate, or granulous ammonium nitrate or potassium nitrate is added during sensitization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of emulsion explosive, more particularly, it relates to a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of above-mentioned explosive.
Background technology
The brisance of explosive is called function power on explosive, the high temperature that its capacity for work generates when being meant explosive charge, high pressure explosion product externally expand, and the medium around the compression makes its distortion, destruction, dispersing and work, is an important indicator of expression quality of explosive.When the brisance essence of explosive is explosive charge, the effect sum that surrounding medium produces, i.e. the total work done of explosive also claims the brisance of explosive usually.High-strength emulsified explosive is actual to be exactly No. 1 rock emulsion explosive, and the capacity for work index surpasses more than the 320ml.At present, the emulsion explosive that domestic most manufacturer produces is No. 2 rock emulsion explosives, and the capacity for work index is more than the 260ml, has certain limitation on purposes.In order to improve the capacity for work of emulsion explosive, R﹠D institution and manufacturer all adopt the solid matter that increases higher calorific values such as ammonium nitrate content or adding aluminium powder at the aqueous phase of emulsion explosive preparation both at home and abroad, increasing ammonium nitrate content can cause the partial crystallization point in the emulsion process to raise, and expend a large amount of steam or electric energy, make the aqueous phase dissolved time lengthening, cause emulsion explosive shortening storage period, thereby influence the quality of emulsion explosive; The solid matter aluminium powder that adds a large amount of higher calorific values can significantly increase the cost of emulsion explosive, even influences safety in production.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency at prior art, provides a kind of brisance strong, lower, the stay-in-grade high-strength emulsified explosive of energy consumption.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-strength emulsified explosive.
Last technical scheme of the present invention is such: a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive, it is to be mixed by following A, B two components, and wherein the proportioning raw materials of A compositions in weight percentage is: ammonium nitrate 75～85%, water 9～14%, nitrate 3～5%, urea 0.3～2.0%, modified span-80 emulsifying agent 0.3～3.5%, compound oil phase 0.3～3.5%, paraffin 1～1.5% and fast foaming agent 0.8～3% are formed; The B component is one of them of ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate or saltpetre; The weight ratio of A component and B component is: 88～96: 4～12.
Further, in above-mentioned a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive, described nitrate is one of them of SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre or magnesium nitrate; Described compound oil phase is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, and the weight ratio between them is 1: 1; Described modified span-80 emulsifying agent is the mixture of soyflour emulsifying agent and Span-80 emulsifying agent, and the weight percent between them is 40～60: 60～40; Described fast foaming agent is made up of the following raw material of weight percent, Sodium Nitrite 20～40%, ammonium nitrate 20～40%, water 20～59%, phosphoric acid 0.05～0.5%, thiocarbamide 0.05～0.5%.
Back of the present invention one technical scheme is such: a kind of preparation method of high-strength emulsified explosive is characterized in that comprising the steps:
When (1) treating that water temp rises to 100 ℃, add ammonium nitrate, nitrate, urea successively, heat, stir, dissolve, dissolution time 30～40 minutes when treating that temperature rises to 95～105 ℃, is incubated standbyly, is water;
(2) compound oil phase, paraffin are heated dissolving, dissolution time 30～40 minutes, insulation when treating that temperature rises to 85～95 ℃ uses that to add modified span-80 emulsifier mix in preceding 10 minutes even, is oil phase;
(3) with after above-mentioned water, the oil phase filtration, mix emulsification;
(4) after the emulsification, cool to 45～65 ℃, add the fast foaming agent, promptly get the A component;
(5) press the proportioning of A component and B component, the B component is joined in the A component mix promptly.
Technology of the present invention is simple, and energy-conserving and environment-protective have following innovative point:
(1) directly adds ammonium nitrate in the sensitization operation, do not need to add gentle wasteful amount steam (or electric energy), have energy-saving and emission-reduction, meet national low-carbon economy policy.
(2) add ammonium nitrate, effectively changed the quality of explosive oxygen balance, make the emulsion explosive of original negative oxygen balance in the explosive reaction process, improve quick-fried gentle specific volume greatly, prevent the generation of solid carbon, directly improved the capacity for work (brisance) of emulsion explosive.
(3) add ammonium nitrate, it has certain regulating effect to explosive density, helps the stabilizing and increasing of blast performance indexs such as induced detonation, explosion velocity of explosive.
(4) add ammonium nitrate in the sensitization operation and need not additionally to increase equipment, make original sensitization machine a tractor serves several purposes, reduce project investment, low production cost is easily realized scale operation.
(5) add ammonium nitrate in the sensitization operation, it does not influence the rising of partial crystallization point, has guaranteed original emulsive quality, has kept the anti-water characteristic of emulsion explosive itself.
(6) add ammonium nitrate in the sensitization operation, no dust discharge does not have " three wastes " and pollutes, and helps worker's physical and mental health and environment protection.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail, but does not constitute any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Consult shown in Figure 1, technical process of the present invention mainly comprises preparation, the preparation of oil phase, emulsification, sensitization, the packing of water, its crucial technology point is to add ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate or saltpetre when sensitization, under the not high situation of power consumption, effectively changed the quality of explosive oxygen balance, make the emulsion explosive of original negative oxygen balance in the explosive reaction process, improve quick-fried gentle specific volume greatly, prevent the generation of solid carbon, directly improved the capacity for work (brisance) of emulsion explosive, technical process of the present invention has been described in detail in detail below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
9 kilograms of tap water are added the aqueous phase dissolved jar be warming up to 100 ℃, power 3KW, 1420 rev/mins of rotating speeds, add 80 kilograms of ammonium nitrate then, the dissolving of heating of 3.5 kilograms of SODIUMNITRATE, 1 kg urea is when treating that temperature rises to 100 ℃, be incubated standbyly, dissolution time is 35 minutes; 1.5 kilograms of paraffin, 3 kilograms of compounded oils added in the oil phase dissolving vessel (1.5KW, 1430 rev/mins) mutually successively heat up, solvent temperature is 85 ℃, dissolution time is 35 minutes, use added 2.0 kilograms of modified span-80 emulsifying agents in preceding 10 minutes, insulation is standby, modified span-80 emulsifying agent is the compound of 0.8 kilogram of soyflour emulsifying agent and 1.2 kilograms of Span-80 emulsifying agents; With above-mentioned water, after oil phase material filters, deliver to water handling equipment and oil phase delivery system and to carry out emulsification in the emulsor, power is 15KW, 1470 rev/mins of rotating speeds, entering steel band then cools off automatically, temperature drops to 63 ℃, after the cooling, automatically by foaming delivery system (power: 0.75kw, 104 rev/mins of rotating speeds), add 2 kilograms of continuous sensitizations of fast foaming agent, whipping agent is 440 gram Sodium Nitrites, 440 gram ammonium nitrate, 1.1 kg water, 10 gram phosphoric acid, 10 gram thiocarbamides, and add 8 kilograms of ammonium nitrates and mix, after obtaining 108 kilograms of high-strength emulsified explosives, be sent to packing and be packaged into the explosive finished product by different size.
Embodiment 2
11 kilograms of tap water are added the aqueous phase dissolved jars heat up, add the dissolving of heating of 78 kilograms of ammonium nitrate, 5 kilograms of SODIUMNITRATE, 0.3 kg urea then, when treating that temperature rises to 103 ℃, be incubated standbyly, dissolution time is 40 minutes; 1.5 kilograms of paraffin, 2.7 kilograms of compounded oils added in the oil phase dissolving vessel mutually successively heat up, solvent temperature is 90 ℃, dissolution time is 30 minutes, be incubated standbyly, use that to add 1.5 kilograms of modified span-80 emulsifying agents, modified span-80 emulsifying agents in preceding 10 minutes be the compound of 0.9 kilogram of soyflour emulsifying agent and 0.6 kilogram of Span-80 emulsifying agent; With above-mentioned water, after oil phase material filters, deliver to water handling equipment and oil phase delivery system and to carry out emulsification in the emulsor, being sent to cooler with emulsion pump then lowers the temperature automatically, temperature drops to 60 ℃, after the cooling, automatically by the foaming delivery system, add 2.5 kilograms of continuous sensitizations of fast foaming agent, whipping agent is 750 gram Sodium Nitrites, 750 gram ammonium nitrate, 985 gram water, gram phosphoric acid, 7.5 gram thiocarbamide, and add 10 kilograms of ammonium nitrates and mix through sensitization machines continuously, obtain 110 kilograms of high-strength emulsified explosives after, be sent to packing, be packaged into the explosive finished product by different size.
Embodiment 3
9 kilograms of tap water are added the aqueous phase dissolved jars heat up, add the dissolving of heating of 77 kilograms of ammonium nitrate, 5 kilograms of SODIUMNITRATE, 2 kg urea then, when treating that temperature rises to 100 ℃, be incubated standbyly, dissolution time is 40 minutes; 1.5 kilograms of paraffin, 3.5 kilograms of compounded oils added in the oil phase dissolving vessel mutually successively heat up, solvent temperature is 90 ℃, dissolution time is 30 minutes, be incubated standbyly, use that to add 2 kilograms of modified span-80 emulsifying agents, modified span-80 emulsifying agents in preceding 10 minutes be the mixture of 1 kilogram of soyflour emulsifying agent and 1 kilogram of Span-80 emulsifying agent; With above-mentioned water, after oil phase material filters, deliver to water handling equipment and oil phase delivery system and to carry out emulsification in the emulsor, being sent to cooler with emulsion pump then lowers the temperature automatically, temperature drops to 60 ℃, after the cooling, automatically by the foaming delivery system, add 2 kilograms of continuous sensitizations of fast foaming agent, whipping agent is 750 gram Sodium Nitrites, 750 gram ammonium nitrate, 985 gram water, 7.5 gram phosphoric acid, 7.5 gram thiocarbamide, and add 13.3 kilograms of ammonium nitrates and mix through sensitization machines continuously, obtain 113.3 kilograms of high-strength emulsified explosives after, be sent to packing, be packaged into the explosive finished product by different size.
Embodiment 4
9 kilograms of tap water are added the aqueous phase dissolved jars heat up, add the dissolving of heating of 85 kilograms of ammonium nitrate, 3 kilograms of magnesium nitrates, 0.3 kg urea then, when treating that temperature rises to 105 ℃, be incubated standbyly, dissolution time is 40 minutes; 1 kilogram of paraffin, 0.5 kilogram of compounded oil added in the oil phase dissolving vessel mutually successively heat up, solvent temperature is 90 ℃, dissolution time is 30 minutes, be incubated standbyly, use that to add 1 kilogram of modified span-80 emulsifying agent, modified span-80 emulsifying agent in preceding 10 minutes be the mixture of 0.4 kilogram of soyflour emulsifying agent and 0.6 kilogram of Span-80 emulsifying agent; With above-mentioned water, after oil phase material filters, deliver to water handling equipment and oil phase delivery system and to carry out emulsification in the emulsor, being sent to cooler with emulsion pump then lowers the temperature automatically, temperature drops to 60 ℃, after the cooling, automatically by the foaming delivery system, add 2.2 kilograms of continuous sensitizations of fast foaming agent, whipping agent is 750 gram Sodium Nitrites, 750 gram ammonium nitrate, 985 gram water, 7.5 gram phosphoric acid, 7.5 gram thiocarbamide, and add 4.2 kilograms of saltpetre and mix through sensitization machines continuously, obtain 104.2 kilograms of high-strength emulsified explosives after, be sent to packing, be packaged into the explosive finished product by different size.
Embodiment 5
10 kilograms of tap water are added the aqueous phase dissolved jars heat up, add the dissolving of heating of 82.5 kilograms of ammonium nitrate, 3 kilograms of magnesium nitrates, 0.5 kg urea then, when treating that temperature rises to 102 ℃, be incubated standbyly, dissolution time is 30 minutes; 1 kilogram of paraffin, 1.5 kilograms of compounded oils added in the oil phase dissolving vessel mutually successively heat up, solvent temperature is 90 ℃, dissolution time is 30 minutes, be incubated standbyly, use that to add 1.5 kilograms of modified span-80 emulsifying agents, modified span-80 emulsifying agents in preceding 10 minutes be the mixture of 0.6 kilogram of soyflour emulsifying agent and 0.9 kilogram of Span-80 emulsifying agent; With above-mentioned water, after oil phase material filters, deliver to water handling equipment and oil phase delivery system and to carry out emulsification in the emulsor, being sent to cooler with emulsion pump then lowers the temperature automatically, temperature drops to 60 ℃, after the cooling, automatically by the foaming delivery system, add 2.5 kilograms of continuous sensitizations of fast foaming agent, whipping agent is 750 gram Sodium Nitrites, 750 gram ammonium nitrate, 985 gram water, 7.5 gram phosphoric acid, 7.5 gram thiocarbamide, and add 9 kilograms of ammonium nitrates and mix through sensitization machines continuously, obtain 109 kilograms of high-strength emulsified explosives after, be sent to packing, be packaged into the explosive finished product by different size.
The emulsion explosive performance of each embodiment is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 emulsion explosive performance test data of the present invention
| Scheme | Explosion velocity m/s | Induced detonation cm | Brisance mm | Capacity for work ml | Storage period d |
| Embodiment 1 | 5.0×10 3 | 9 | 17.52 | 323 | 180 |
| Embodiment 2 | 4.8×10 3 | 10 | 18.01 | 328 | 180 |
| Embodiment 3 | 4.8×10 3 | 10 | 18.01 | 330 | 180 |
| Embodiment 4 | 4.6×10 3 | 8 | 16.38 | 322 | 180 |
| Embodiment 5 | 4.7×10 3 | 10 | 17.66 | 322 | 180 |
As can be seen from Table 1, its acting ability of emulsion explosive of the present invention reached the standard of high-strength emulsified explosive, and its package stability is also better all greater than more than the 320ml.
Claims (6)
1. high-strength emulsified explosive, it is characterized in that, it is to be mixed by following A, B two components, and wherein the proportioning raw materials of A compositions in weight percentage is: ammonium nitrate 75～85%, water 9～14%, nitrate 3～5%, urea 0.3～2.0%, modified span-80 emulsifying agent 0.3～3.5%, compound oil phase 0.3～3.5%, paraffin 1～1.5% and fast foaming agent 0.8～3% are formed; The B component is one of them of ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate or saltpetre; The weight ratio of A component and B component is: 88～96: 4～12.
2. a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nitrate is one of them of SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre or magnesium nitrate.
3. a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that described compound oil phase is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, and the weight ratio between them is 1: 1.
4. a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described modified span-80 emulsifying agent is the mixture of soyflour emulsifying agent and Span-80 emulsifying agent, and the weight percent between them is 40～60: 60～40.
5. a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fast foaming agent is made up of the following raw material of weight percent, Sodium Nitrite 20～40%, ammonium nitrate 20～40%, water 20～59%, phosphoric acid 0.05～0.5%, thiocarbamide 0.05～0.5%.
6. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
When (1) treating that water temp rises to 100 ℃, add ammonium nitrate, nitrate, urea successively, heat, stir, dissolve, dissolution time 30～40 minutes when treating that temperature rises to 95～105 ℃, is incubated standbyly, is water;
(2) compound oil phase, paraffin are heated dissolving, dissolution time 30～40 minutes, insulation when treating that temperature rises to 85～95 ℃ uses that to add modified span-80 emulsifier mix in preceding 10 minutes even, is oil phase;
(3) with after above-mentioned water, the oil phase filtration, mix emulsification;
(4) after the emulsification, cool to 45～65 ℃, add the fast foaming agent, promptly get the A component;
(5) press the proportioning of A component and B component, the B component is joined in the A component mix promptly.
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| CN102241552A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-16 | 中北大学 | High density rock powdery emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102249826A (en) * | 2011-04-17 | 2011-11-23 | 安徽盾安民爆器材有限公司 | Heavy ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive with detonator sensitivity and preparation method thereof |
| CN102252571A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-23 | 南京理工大学 | Solid-state emulsion explosive seismic source grain and preparation method thereof |
| CN102285848A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-12-21 | 湖北凯龙化工集团股份有限公司 | Pressure-resistant high-power emulsified seismic explosive column and preparation method thereof |
| CN102417430A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-04-18 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | Processing method of emulsion (adhesive) matrix with good thermal safety |
| CN102584501A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 山东天宝化工有限公司 | Special composite oil phase for emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102675009A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Loose-packed waterproof latex heavy ammonium nitrate oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103159576A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-19 | 薛世忠 | Low-viscosity pumpable emulsion explosive substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106431794A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 苏州丰倍生物科技有限公司 | Anti-freezing emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2019059786A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-28 | Exsa S.A. | Granular, cartridge-packed explosive emulsion |
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| CN102249826A (en) * | 2011-04-17 | 2011-11-23 | 安徽盾安民爆器材有限公司 | Heavy ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive with detonator sensitivity and preparation method thereof |
| CN102241552B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2013-03-27 | 中北大学 | High density rock powdery emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102241552A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-16 | 中北大学 | High density rock powdery emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102285848A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-12-21 | 湖北凯龙化工集团股份有限公司 | Pressure-resistant high-power emulsified seismic explosive column and preparation method thereof |
| CN102417430A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-04-18 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | Processing method of emulsion (adhesive) matrix with good thermal safety |
| CN103159576A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-19 | 薛世忠 | Low-viscosity pumpable emulsion explosive substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103159576B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2015-04-15 | 青岛拓极采矿服务有限公司 | Low-viscosity pumpable emulsion explosive substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102584501A (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 山东天宝化工有限公司 | Special composite oil phase for emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102675010A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Bulk waterproof emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102675010B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2014-08-06 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Bulk waterproof emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102675009B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-04-01 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Loose-packed waterproof latex heavy ammonium nitrate oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103396277A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-20 | 新疆天河化工有限公司 | Emulsion explosive using trinitrotoluene wastewater and preparation method thereof |
| CN103396277B (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2016-04-06 | 新疆天河化工有限公司 | Utilize emulsion explosive of trotyl waste water and preparation method thereof |
| CN105646114A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-06-08 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Low-density ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105646114B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-10-02 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of low-density ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106431794A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 苏州丰倍生物科技有限公司 | Anti-freezing emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN106431794B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-08-07 | 苏州丰倍生物科技有限公司 | A kind of freeze proof emulsion and preparation method thereof |
| CN106916042A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-07-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | A kind of package-type emulsifying ammonium nitrate fuel explosive and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019059786A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-28 | Exsa S.A. | Granular, cartridge-packed explosive emulsion |
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