CN101948141A

CN101948141A - Treatment method of alumina red mud generated through bayer process and bayer sintering process

Info

Publication number: CN101948141A
Application number: CN 201010295404
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘明诗
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-09-29
Filing date: 2010-09-29
Publication date: 2011-01-19

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of the treatment method of bayer and bayer sintering red mud generated in the alumina production adopting the bayer process and bayer sintering process and particularly relates to a treatment method of red mud generated through the bayer process and bayer sintering process. The method comprises the following steps: adding acid in red mud to fully react, filtering after the reaction to separate red mud from salt phase; evaporating water from the obtained salt solution, drying to obtain solid crude salt; and adding reductant carbon in the separated red mud, then heating to 650-1300 DEG C, keeping temperature for 8-60 minutes, and adopting the magnetic separation process and equipment to extract alkali-free ferroferric oxide from red mud, wherein the residual tailing is alkali-free, micro-salt and micro-iron. The treatment method of the invention is simple and convenient, has low cost and good treatment effect, and can completely recycle the useful substances in red mud; and the residual tailing can be used for other use, and the zero residue of the red mud pollution source can be finally realized.

Description

The alumina laterite treatment process of a kind of Bayer process, Bayer sintering process

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of the treatment process of the Bayer process that produces in Bayer process, the production of Bayer alumina by sintering, Bayer red mud from sintering process (being called for short red mud down), be specially a kind of treatment process of red mud.

Background technology

Red mud also claims red soil, refines the industrial solid wastes of discharging behind the aluminum oxide from bauxite, and it is big generally to contain the ferric oxide amount, and outward appearance is similar to redness of the skin or complexion earth, thereby gains the name.

Owing to contain a large amount of strong basicity chemical substances in the red mud, dilute 10 times after its pH value still be 11.25-11.50, high pH value has determined the strong corrosion of red mud to biology and metal, siliceous material.The sewage of high basicity permeates the ground or enters surface water, water pH value is raise, so that the respective standard that exceeds national regulation, simultaneously because the height of pH value usually influences the toxicity of compound in the water, therefore also can cause even more serious water to pollute, therefore to stacking the underground water on ground, surface water harm, pollute huge, each relevant departments of country drop into huge technology for many years, financial resources, still progress is very little, the measure of taking at present is: pile up to cover and to seal up for safekeeping, this scheme has solved flies upward etc. with the wind, to the pollution of ground environment, but its main source of pollution-sodium oxide is to underground water, the pollution of surface water has not a particle of solution, and piles up to seal up for safekeeping and occupied a large amount of land resources.The effective way of seeking a kind of comprehensive utilization is extremely urgent.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to shortcoming at above-mentioned existence, and provide a kind of red mud treatment method with comprehensive utilization, this method efficiently solves the strong basicity of red mud, and therefrom extracted effective constituent, treated red mud, reached emission standard, the purposes of the mine tailing after this is handled also relatively extensively can fully be utilized.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: add acid in red mud, it is fully reacted, reaction finishes and filters, and red mud and salt are separated; The salts solution that obtains is carried out moisture evaporation, drying, obtain solid crude salt; Red mud after separating is added reductive agent-simple substance charcoal, be heated to 650-1300 ℃ then, be incubated 8-60 minute, extract alkali-free Z 250 wherein again, residue mine tailing alkali-free, little salt, little iron.

Described acid is one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, the nitric acid.

Described simple substance charcoal is one or more in coal dust, coke, the charcoal.

Described Heating temperature is 850 ℃.

The consumption of described acid is the 0%-100% of red mud weight.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: red mud treatment process of the present invention, by in red mud, adding acid, neutralize with alkali wherein, obtain corresponding salt, and the ferric oxide of wherein depositing is reduced to Z 250, solved the strong basicity problem of red mud on the one hand, corresponding salt and Z 250 have been reclaimed on the other hand, this Z 250 does not have alkalescence, and iron-smelting furnace can directly utilize, and has carried out utilization of waste material, turn waste into wealth, in addition, no longer there are pollution problem in last mine tailing alkali-free, little salt, little iron.Treatment process of the present invention, simple, convenient, cost is low, and treatment effect is good, and has fully reclaimed useful matter wherein, and remaining mine tailing can be done any his usefulness, finally realizes the zero residual of red mud.

Mine tailing after the present invention's processing is detected, and its corresponding data is as follows: pH value before former red mud is handled: 12.5, handle back pH value: and 6.8, state control standard: pH value: 6-9.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.

Embodiment 1

Add hydrochloric acid in red mud, the concentration of this hydrochloric acid is 36%--38%, and its consumption is looked the alkalescence decision of red mud, and it is fully reacted, and to being neutral, reaction finishes and filters, and red mud and salt are separated; The salts solution that obtains is carried out moisture evaporation, drying, obtain solid crude salt, the red mud after separating is added reductive agent-coke, be heated to 850 ℃ then, be incubated 30 minutes, extract alkali-free Z 250 wherein again, residue mine tailing alkali-free, little salt, little iron.

Embodiment 2

Add nitric acid in red mud, its consumption is looked the alkalescence decision of red mud, and it is fully reacted, and reaction finishes and filters, and red mud and salt are separated; The salts solution that obtains is carried out moisture evaporation, drying, obtain solid crude salt, the red mud after separating is added reductive agent-charcoal, be heated to 650 ℃ then, be incubated 60 minutes, extract alkali-free Z 250 wherein again, residue mine tailing alkali-free, little salt, little iron.

Embodiment 3

Add sulfuric acid in red mud, its consumption is looked the alkalescence decision of red mud, and it is fully reacted, and reaction finishes and filters, and red mud and salt are separated; The salts solution that obtains is carried out moisture evaporation, drying, obtain solid crude salt, the red mud after separating is added reductive agent-coal dust, be heated to 1300 ℃ then, be incubated 8 minutes, extract alkali-free Z 250 wherein again, residue mine tailing alkali-free, little salt, little iron.

Claims

1. a Bayer process, Bayer alumina by sintering red mud treatment process, its step is as follows: add acid in red mud, it is fully reacted, reaction finishes and filters, and red mud and salt are separated; The salts solution that obtains is carried out moisture evaporation, drying, obtain solid crude salt, the red mud after separating is added reductive agent-simple substance charcoal, be heated to 650-1300 ℃ then, be incubated 8-60 minute, extract alkali-free Z 250 wherein again, residue mine tailing alkali-free, little salt, little iron.

2. red mud treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described acid is one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, the nitric acid.

3. red mud treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described simple substance charcoal is one or more in coal dust, coke, the charcoal.

4. red mud treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Heating temperature is 850 ℃.

5.Red mud treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the consumption of described acid is the 0%-100% of red mud weight.