CN101947640A - Method for preparing zirconium and zirconium alloy investment precision casting oxide ceramic molding shell - Google Patents
Method for preparing zirconium and zirconium alloy investment precision casting oxide ceramic molding shell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a zirconium and zirconium alloy investment precision casting oxide ceramic molding shell. At present, the most common methods for casting of active organic metal and alloy comprise machining graphite mold casting and investment precision casting. The most serious technological difficulty of the zirconium alloy investment precision casting is to manufacture an investment precision casting molding shell which has the advantages of high-temperature resistance, high chemical stability, high strength and high surface finish. The process of the invention comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing a coating, immersing a wax mould into paste, coating the paste, and coating a back layer; (2) removing wax by drying; and (3) roasting the coating in an electric furnace. The molding shell has the advantages of superior high-temperature chemical stability and high-temperature strength and can bear the high temperature of over 2,000 DEG C. A zirconium and zirconium alloy casting produced by using the shell manufacturing process has high surface quality, surface roughness Ra of less than or equal to 3.2mu m and surface pollution layer thickness of less than 100mu m. The complex zirconium and zirconium alloy casting with wall thickness of less than 3mm can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology who is used for zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting oxide ceramics shell.
Background technology
Zirconium and zircaloy are a kind of relatively more expensive metal materials, have very excellent decay resistance in many strong corrosive mediums, and the favorable mechanical performance is arranged.At present, the zirconium material has obtained using very widely as a kind of special resistant material, and especially in the reduction acid medium of high concentration high-temperature, the zirconium material is the preferred material that chemical industry equipment is made.Zirconium material fusing point height, thermal conductivity is lower, and linear expansion coefficient is less.Activity is very high during zirconium material high temperature, almost can in various degree chemical reaction take place with all refractory material, and the zirconium material is being very easy to and CO during high temperature
2, O
2, N
2And H
2Make the embrittlement of zirconium material cause equipment failure Deng gas generation chemical reaction.This makes the casting of zirconium and zircaloy must select the mold material of high chemical stability for use, guarantee zircaloy not with model generation chemical reaction, have less surface contamination layer.
At present, be used for that the most frequently used method of active non-ferrous metal and alloy casting is organic to add graphite mold casting and precision-investment casting.Because zircaloy costs an arm and a leg and the environment for use majority is the fluid machinery parts with strong corrosive medium, therefore improve surface quality of continuous castings and minimizing and add spare time the lifting means performance and the significance that reduced cost.The zircaloy precision-investment casting is specially adapted to the complex parts producing, do not have processing capacity in batches and be difficult to process, especially is applicable under the strong corrosive medium operating mode in the fluid machinery geomery and surface smoothness are required casting than higher impeller and flow passage components.But the maximum critical technological point of zircaloy precision-investment casting is exactly a precision-investment casting shell of making high temperature resistant, high chemical stability, high strength and high surface finish.
Look on the net from State Intellectual Property Office: disclosing application number on December 2nd, 2009 is " a kind of production zirconium and zircaloy pump; the process of valve precision casting " patent of CN200910012462.4, its technology adopts fusible pattern ceramic shell hot investment casting and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) method to produce zirconium and zircaloy pump, the valve precision casting, the hot investment casting of fusible pattern ceramic shell is meant adopts the fusible pattern ceramic shell to carry out the near-net-shape casting of foundry goods in the vacuum consumable skull crucible, the fusible pattern ceramic shell is according to forming with the wax pattern of the pump valve member geometry consistent size system of turning over, two-layer type shell material is made of extraordinary oxide before its inner surface, and whole shell is through pressing wax, coating, hang shell, take off cured, process procedures such as roasting are made; High temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), it is airtight high pressure resistant and can be heated in the container of high temperature to be that the foundry goods that will handle places, and vacuumizes earlier and afterwards charges into high-pressure inert gas, and heat temperature raising is to predetermined temperature.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of preparation method who is used for the oxide ceramics shell of zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting at the problems referred to above.Adopt this process for making shell, can produce the chemical stability height, heat resisting temperature surpasses 2000 ℃, shell surface smoothness Ra≤3.2um, and surface contamination layer thickness<100um, process for making shell is simple, the purpose that investment shell intensity is high; The oxide ceramics shell that realization is used for zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting satisfies the demand that complex parts are cast.
Method of the present invention realizes by following step:
The shell that adopts the present invention to make has the following advantages: the shell that (1) adopts this process for making shell to make has higher stability at elevated temperature and elevated temperature strength.Shell can bear the high temperature more than 2000 ℃.(2) zirconium and the zircaloy surface quality of continuous castings height that adopts this process for making shell to produce, below surface roughness Ra≤3.2um, surface contamination layer thickness<100um.(3) adopt this process for making shell can produce complicated zirconium and the zircaloy foundry goods of wall thickness less than 3mm.(4) process for making shell is simple, and material source is extensive.(5) test: through producing diameter is 400mm, material trademark is that 702C centrifugal pump impeller foundry goods proves, surface roughness Ra≤3.2um, surface contamination layer thickness<100um, the foundry goods chemical composition meets requirement among the ASTM B752, tensile strength sigma b 〉=400Mpa; Meet enterprise's production standard.
The specific embodiment
The prescription of formwork and preparation process directly have influence on the quality of foundry goods, are the core contents of model casting.Briefly, technology of the present invention may further comprise the steps: (1) coating preparation: use electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder is done the surface layer refractory material, does the binder making slurry with yttrium colloidal sol.After slurry makes,, repeat above-mentioned slurry after the sclerosis to be dried again and be coated with extension stucco process 1~2 time taking-up in 10~15 minutes in the wax-pattern immersion slurry of foundry goods; Carry out the backing layer slurry then and be coated with extension, backing layer is being coated with extension 8~10 times with the slurry that binding agent and mullite powder are made into; (2) dry dewaxing; (3) roasting in electric furnace.
Embodiment 1: the production material trademark is 702C, model XCA100-125-400 centrifugal pump impeller foundry goods, and technology is as follows:
(1) surface layer coating preparation: add the electric smelting Y2O3 powder that grain size category prepares in binding agent, stir while add, the Y2O3 powder still stirred 1 hour after all adding again, and the viscosity of slurry is controlled at 70~100s; After slurry makes, the wax-pattern of foundry goods immersed in the slurry took out in 10~15 minutes, when remaining slurry on the wax-pattern flows evenly and no longer continuously following the time, will be through the electric smelting Y of grain size distribution
2O
3Powder is sprinkling upon equably and is coated with on the wax-pattern of having hung slurry, and stucco is wanted evenly comprehensively, to be dried after then, carry out above-mentioned being coated with on this basis again and hang and the stucco operation, repeat 1~2 time.Electric smelting Y wherein
2O
3The granularity of powder meal is 200~300 orders, and the granularity of fine powder<300 orders, the weight ratio of fine powder and meal are 1:2~1:1.2, and the refractory powder of slurry and liquid weight volume ratio are 1:0.4~1:0.25; The used binding agent of surface layer slurry is the sol bonded yttrium agent;
(2) backing layer coating preparation: backing layer is coated with hangs stucco refractory material mullite powder, and the used binding agent of slurry is a Ludox; It is 8~10 layers that backing layer is coated with the number of plies of hanging stucco, and every layer is coated with and must carries out fully dry before hanging and harden; The 3rd layer is coated with the used powder of extension stucco later on is mullite, and granularity is 20~200 orders, and the used binding agent of slurry is a Ludox; Being coated with the number of plies of hanging stucco is 8~10 layers.The refractory powder of backing layer slurry and liquid weight volume ratio are 1:0.3~1:0.2, and viscosity is controlled at 40~60s.
What need to say is: thickness and to be coated with the extension number of times relevant, can control thickness by number of pass times.Backing layer is meant from the 3rd layer of later coating in addition.
(3) dewaxing of shell: will be coated with the wax-pattern air dry 20~36h of coating, coating that drying is good and wax-pattern are put into high pressure dewaxing still and are carried out the high steam dewaxing, and pressure is 0.4~0.6Mpa, and the dewaxing time is 10~16 minutes.
(4) will the dewax shell that finishes is put into the resistance roaster and is carried out roasting, cools to room temperature then with the furnace and gets final product.
(5) formwork of coming out of the stove is preheated to 200 ℃, adopts the cast of vacuum consumable electrode skull melting; Vacuum is less than 1Pa.
Embodiment 2: producing 705C pump housing foundry goods is example.Technology is as follows:
(1) surface layer coating preparation: add the electric smelting Y2O3 powder that grain size category prepares in binding agent, stir while add, the Y2O3 powder still stirred 1 hour after all adding again, and the viscosity of slurry is controlled at 70~100s; After slurry makes, the wax-pattern of foundry goods immersed in the slurry took out in 10~15 minutes, when remaining slurry on the wax-pattern flows evenly and no longer continuously following the time, will be through the electric smelting Y of grain size distribution
2O
3Powder is sprinkling upon equably and is coated with on the wax-pattern of having hung slurry, and stucco is wanted evenly comprehensively, to be dried after then, carry out above-mentioned being coated with on this basis again and hang and the stucco operation, repeat 1~2 time.Electric smelting Y wherein
2O
3The granularity of powder meal is 200~300 orders, and the granularity of fine powder<300 orders, the weight ratio of fine powder and meal are 1:2~1:1.2, and the refractory powder of slurry and liquid weight volume ratio are 1:0.4~1:0.25; The used binding agent of surface layer slurry is the sol bonded yttrium agent;
(2) backing layer coating preparation: backing layer is coated with hangs stucco refractory material mullite powder, and the used binding agent of slurry is a Ludox; It is 8~10 layers that backing layer is coated with the number of plies of hanging stucco, and every layer is coated with and must carries out fully dry before hanging and harden; The 3rd layer is coated with the used powder of extension stucco later on is mullite, and granularity is 20~200 orders, and the used binding agent of slurry is a Ludox; Being coated with the number of plies of hanging stucco is 8~10 layers.The refractory powder of backing layer slurry and liquid weight volume ratio are 1:0.3~1:0.2, and viscosity is controlled at 40~60s.
(3) dewaxing of shell: will be coated with the wax-pattern air dry 20~36h of coating, coating that drying is good and wax-pattern are put into high pressure dewaxing still and are carried out the high steam dewaxing, and pressure is 0.4~0.6Mpa, and the dewaxing time is 10~16 minutes.(4) will the dewax shell that finishes is put into the resistance roaster and is carried out roasting, cools to room temperature then with the furnace and gets final product.
(4) formwork of coming out of the stove is preheated to 200 ℃, adopts the cast of vacuum consumable electrode skull melting; Vacuum is less than 1Pa.
Claims (4)
1. be used for the preparation method of zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting oxide ceramics shell, it is characterized in that: it is realized by following step:
(1) surface layer coating preparation: in binding agent, add the electric smelting that grain size category prepares
Y 2 O 3 Powder stirs while add,
Y 2 O 3 Powder still stirred 1 hour after all adding again, and the viscosity of slurry is controlled at 70~100s; After slurry makes, the wax-pattern of foundry goods immersed in the slurry took out in 10~15 minutes, when remaining slurry on the wax-pattern flows evenly and no longer continuously following the time, will be through the electric smelting of grain size distribution
Y 2 O 3 Powder is sprinkling upon equably and is coated with on the wax-pattern of having hung slurry, and stucco is wanted evenly comprehensively, to be dried after then, carry out above-mentioned being coated with on this basis again and hang and the stucco operation, repeat 1~2 time;
(2) backing layer coating preparation: backing layer is coated with hangs stucco refractory material mullite powder, and the used binding agent of slurry is a Ludox; It is 8~10 layers that backing layer is coated with the number of plies of hanging stucco, and every layer is coated with and must carries out fully dry before hanging and harden;
(3) dewaxing of shell: will be coated with the wax-pattern air dry 20~36h of coating, coating that drying is good and wax-pattern are put into high pressure dewaxing still and are carried out the high steam dewaxing, and pressure is 0.4~0.6Mpa, and the dewaxing time is 10~16 minutes;
(4) will the dewax shell that finishes is put into the resistance roaster and is carried out roasting, cools to room temperature then with the furnace and gets final product.
2. the preparation method who is used for zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting oxide ceramics shell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the electric smelting Y that particle size fraction prepares in the described step (1)
2O
3The granularity of powder meal is 200~300 orders, and the granularity of fine powder<300 orders, the weight ratio of fine powder and meal are 1:2~1:1.2, and the refractory powder of slurry and liquid weight volume ratio are 1:0.4~1:0.25; The used binding agent of surface layer slurry is the sol bonded yttrium agent.
3. the preparation method who is used for zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting oxide ceramics shell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step (2), the 3rd layer is coated with the used powder of extension stucco later on is mullite, and granularity is 20~200 orders, and the used binding agent of slurry is a Ludox; Being coated with the number of plies of hanging stucco is 8~10 layers; The refractory powder of slurry and liquid weight volume ratio are 1:0.3~1:0.2, and viscosity is controlled at 40~60s.
4. the preparation method who is used for zirconium and zircaloy precision-investment casting oxide ceramics shell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the roasting in the described step (4) is from 500 ℃ of insulations 1 hour, keeps temperature 2.5 hours after being warming up to 1050 ℃.
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CN102652984A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-09-05 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Precise casting shell de-waxing process |
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CN102950251A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-06 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Anti-interface reaction composite ceramic shell |
CN102990006A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-27 | 上海大学 | Shell for titanium and titanium alloy precision casting and preparation method thereof |
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CN101462150A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing TiAl-based alloy formwork by wax mold casting |
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CN101104195A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-01-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing casting titanium and titanium-aluminum base alloy porous ceramic mould shell |
CN101462150A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing TiAl-based alloy formwork by wax mold casting |
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